精品解析：湖南省张家界市永定区2025-2026学年下学期八年级期末教学质量监测英语试卷

永定区2026年春季学期八年级期末教学质量监测试卷 英 语 题 号 I II III IV 总分 得 分 本试题卷共6页。时量100分钟。满分100分。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和本试题卷上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号和相关信息; 2．选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂方框，修改时用橡皮擦干净，不留痕迹; 3．非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，否则作答无效; 4．在草稿纸、试题卷上作答无效; 5．请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 6．答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸。 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。 例: How much is the T-shirt? A. ¥ 30. B. ¥ 50. C. ¥ 70. 答案是 B。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 2. What does Lucy advise the boy to take to the party? A. A bottle of juice. B. A box of chocolates. C. A bag of rice. 3. Where did the boy volunteer last summer vacation? A. In a park. B. On a farm. C. In a zoo. 4. How deep is the ocean? A. About 3,500 meters. B. About 5,300 meters. C. About 5,030 meters. 5. Who is the main character in the novel? A. A doctor. B. A player. C. A detective. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Daniel reading? A. A storybook . B. An English book . C. A science book . 7. Who gave the book to Daniel? A. His teacher . B. His brother . C. The girl . 听第6段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How did the man know about the gift-receiving customs? A. From a book . B. From his teacher . C. From an online video. 9. What should you do when you receive a gift in the US? A. Open it later . B. Open it right away. C. Ask others before opening it . 听第8段材料，回答第10、11题。 10. When did Jane visit Kanas Lake? A. Last summer. B. Last week. C. Last month. 11. What will Jane do with these photos? A. Make a short video. B. Hold an art show. C. Write an interesting article. 听第9段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Where does Bob volunteer? A. In the hospital. B. At the animal shelter. C. At the old people’s home. 13. How does Bob feel about his volunteer work? A. Excited. B. Happy C. Embarrassed. 14. When does Bob usually volunteer there? A. On Saturdays. B. On Sundays. C. During the summer vacation. 听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. What’s wrong with Jane? A. She has a cough. B. She has a cold. C. She has a toothache. 16. When will Jane go back to school? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 17. How will the boy help Jane? A. By lending his books to Jane. B. By bringing his notes to Jane. C. By studying with Jane together. 听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is Jenny from? A. The UK. B. Thailand. C. China. 19. Why did Tina invite Jenny to her place? A. To study Chinese. B. To watch a movie. C. To share food. 20. What did Jenny and Tina talk about? A. Their cultures. B. Sports games. C. School homework. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共11小题，每小题2分，满分22分) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. When do people in the West usually have lunch? A. Before midday. B. At around 7 p.m. C. After midday, sometimes at 1 p.m. 2. If you don’t like the food given to you at a Western dinner, you should ________. A. throw it away immediately B. push it to the edge of the plate and leave it there C. tell the host loudly that you hate it 3. Which of the following is considered rude at the end of a Western meal? A. Staying and talking around the table. B. Leaving as soon as you finish eating. C. Using knives and forks to eat most food. B Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form? Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed. Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing? According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year! Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on. Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is! 4. When did Qomolangma start to form? A. Around 45 million years ago. B. About 89,000 years ago. C. Thousands of years ago. 5. The underlined word “estimated” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A. 想象 B. 估计 C. 考虑 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. Qomolangma was once on the top of the sea. B. No other mountains are growing now. C. Isostatic rebound makes Qomolangma rise. 7. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. C As the world welcomed 2026, more international travellers visited China. They enjoyed deeper and more immersive (沉浸式的) experiences during the New Year holiday. Erika and David, a Spanish couple, spent their New Year holiday exploring the countryside in southern China. They went hiking through villages and had a self-guided motorcycle (摩托车) ride. They were amazed by the beautiful scenery. While many people still explore popular cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, a growing number of foreign travellers are turning their attention to lesser-known places. For example, Beihai in Guangxi, Xuzhou in Jiangsu and Zhanjiang in Guangdong are on their travel list. What’s more, foreign tourists look for deeper cultural experiences. That means tour guides need to learn more. “Nowadays, tour guides need to know not only the famous attractions, but also the stories behind lesser-known places,” said Ding Chaofeng, who has worked as a guide for foreign visitors for 17 years. Once, Ding guided a family of three from the US. After listening to Ding’s introduction to Zhuang ethnic (民族的) villages, the family decided to visit one and see how local people really live. Ding took them to a villager’s home. They watched traditional Zhuang weaving techniques (编织技术) and listened to villagers talk about farming customs. The family said it was more valuable than visiting any famous attraction. That’s when Ding realized foreign tourists wanted to truly “understand”, not just “see”. In 2025, lots of lesser-known cities saw their foreign visitor numbers go up. In 2026, as more such places continue to show their special culture and natural beauty, travellers will have more chances to discover different and unusual places in China. 8. What did the Spanish couple do in China during their New Year holiday? A. They bought a bicycle. B. They visited some villages. C. They tried foreign food. 9. What did Ding think tour guides need to do nowadays? A. To study more foreign languages. B. To focus only on famous attractions. C. To know stories about lesser-known places. 10. What did the US family think of visiting the Zhuang ethnic village? A. Meaningful. B. Common. C. Improper. 11. What can we expect about travel to lesser-known Chinese cities? A. It will attract fewer foreign visitors. B. It will need less preparation. C. It will offer more different choices. 第二节(共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Floods are one of the most common natural disasters in the world. ____12____ They can result from heavy rains, rising rivers, or coastal storms. ____13____ Every year, thousands of people die because of floods. Floods can wash away roads, bridges and houses. They can also cause many other problems. For example, after a flood, food becomes hard to find, and dirty water can spread diseases (传播疾病). Floods are happening more often now. One reason is that the Earth’s temperature is rising. ____14____ This makes the rain heavier and the storms stronger. Also, dry and hard ground cannot soak up (吸收) water well. Water runs quickly into low areas and causes floods. Another reason is rising sea levels. Big waves push more water onto the land. Many coastal cities will face serious danger because of it. So, what can we do to stay safe? ____15____ Many floods take hours or even days to develop. This gives people time to go to safe places. Besides, we can build sea walls and green spaces. These can help soak up rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. Although floods are a big challenge, we can protect our homes by working together. A. Floods can be very dangerous. B. First, early warning systems are helpful. C. They usually happen when too much water covers the land. D. When the Earth gets warmer, the air can hold more water. E. Floods often leave much litter behind after they go away. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Body language is a powerful way to ____16____ feelings and messages without words. However, different cultures may ____17____ gestures in their own ways. For example, in many countries, a smile shows happiness, but in some places, people might smile when they feel ____18____ or shy. In Japan, people often ____19____ looking into others’ eyes for too long because it can seem impolite. On the other hand, in Brazil, people stand close to each other and touch arms during conversations, which shows ____20____. However, in countries like Germany, touching others too much might make people feel ____21____. Nodding the head usually means “yes”, but in Bulgaria, nodding means “no” and shaking the head means “yes”. This difference can cause ____22____ if you’re not careful. Even hand gestures can be ____23____ to understand. The “thumbs-up” sign is good in America, but in parts of the Middle East, it is ____24____ seen as rude. Similarly, pointing with a finger is not polite in many Asian countries. People there might use their whole hand ____25____. To stay respectful, it’s important to study local customs before travelling. Body language connects us, but only when we use it carefully. 16. A. write B. send C. communicate 17. A. take B. understand C. make 18. A. excited B. pleased C. nervous 19. A. avoid B. like C. try 20. A. friendship B. sadness C. danger 21. A. polite B. happy C. uncomfortable 22. A. fun B. problems C. joy 23. A. easy B. hard C. clear 24. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes 25. A. instead B. together C. again 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从方框中选出合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 without great recommend punish him a base inspire hate read Have you ever read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain? It is one of the ____26____ novels in American literary history. For many teenagers, it has been one of the most unforgettable books since they were young. The book shows the real life of children in the 19th century and the society they lived in. It is full of fun, courage and wisdom. For most ____27____, this book has been so popular that we have never lost interest in it. We have never seen such ____28____ lively and lovely boy like Tom in other stories. He has brought us so much joy and courage. The writer ____29____ the story on his own childhood experiences in a small town. The main character Tom was a spoiled and naughty boy. He ____30____ school and always broke rules, so his aunt had to ____31____ him when he did something wrong. But Tom was not a bad boy. He was kind, brave and gentle inside. He always tried ____32____ best to help people in trouble. One day, he and his friends experienced some dangerous and mysterious things in a quiet place. They faced the bad people ____33____ fear and finally won. Tom changed a lot through these experiences. He grew from a selfish boy into a helpful one. Up to now, this book has ____34____ millions of young people around the world. Many teachers and parents often _____35_____ it to students as a great lesson in life. 第四部分 综合技能(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Last summer, 17 volunteers from China and other countries met in Pingyao, Shanxi. From August 1st to 13th, they took part in a special camp to help protect old buildings. With the help of experienced workers, the volunteers learnt how to repair (维修) the walls of an ancient building. They also visited some famous places. One volunteer, Herwann Rocrou, is from France. He joined the program to learn about how Chinese people take care of ancient buildings. “I love Chinese history and culture,”he said. “I hope to live in China one day.” Since 2010, there have been 48 such volunteer camps in different provinces like Shanxi, Guizhou, Fujian, and Yunnan. More than half of them took place in Shanxi, and nearly 1,000 international volunteers have taken part. “Our goal is to give the public more chances to take part in protecting old buildings,” said Ding Feng, one of the organizers. “When they work with their hands, they feel closer to these old buildings. They also care more about saving them.” 36. What did the volunteers learn from experienced workers? _________________________________________________________________________________ 37. Why did Herwann join this program? _________________________________________________________________________________ 38. How many volunteer camps has Shanxi held since 2010? _________________________________________________________________________________ 39. What do you think of the program? Why? _________________________________________________________________________________ 40. 将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分15分) 41. 学校即将举办以“志愿服务分享”为主题的英语演讲活动，号召同学们积极参与志愿服务。请你以“My Volunteer Experience”为题，写一篇英语演讲稿。 内容要点： 1．介绍自己参与过的志愿服务活动; 2．描述在活动中完成的具体任务; 3．分享此次志愿服务给自己带来的收获与感悟。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 永定区2026年春季学期八年级期末教学质量监测试卷 英 语 题 号 I II III IV 总分 得 分 本试题卷共6页。时量100分钟。满分100分。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和本试题卷上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号和相关信息; 2．选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂方框，修改时用橡皮擦干净，不留痕迹; 3．非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，否则作答无效; 4．在草稿纸、试题卷上作答无效; 5．请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 6．答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸。 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。 例: How much is the T-shirt? A. ¥ 30. B. ¥ 50. C. ¥ 70. 答案是 B。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 2. What does Lucy advise the boy to take to the party? A. A bottle of juice. B. A box of chocolates. C. A bag of rice. 3. Where did the boy volunteer last summer vacation? A. In a park. B. On a farm. C. In a zoo. 4. How deep is the ocean? A. About 3,500 meters. B. About 5,300 meters. C. About 5,030 meters. 5. Who is the main character in the novel? A. A doctor. B. A player. C. A detective. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Daniel reading? A. A storybook . B. An English book . C. A science book . 7. Who gave the book to Daniel? A. His teacher . B. His brother . C. The girl . 听第6段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How did the man know about the gift-receiving customs? A. From a book . B. From his teacher . C. From an online video. 9. What should you do when you receive a gift in the US? A. Open it later . B. Open it right away. C. Ask others before opening it . 听第8段材料，回答第10、11题。 10. When did Jane visit Kanas Lake? A. Last summer. B. Last week. C. Last month. 11. What will Jane do with these photos? A. Make a short video. B. Hold an art show. C. Write an interesting article. 听第9段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Where does Bob volunteer? A. In the hospital. B. At the animal shelter. C. At the old people’s home. 13. How does Bob feel about his volunteer work? A. Excited. B. Happy C. Embarrassed. 14. When does Bob usually volunteer there? A. On Saturdays. B. On Sundays. C. During the summer vacation. 听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. What’s wrong with Jane? A. She has a cough. B. She has a cold. C. She has a toothache. 16. When will Jane go back to school? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 17. How will the boy help Jane? A. By lending his books to Jane. B. By bringing his notes to Jane. C. By studying with Jane together. 听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is Jenny from? A. The UK. B. Thailand. C. China. 19. Why did Tina invite Jenny to her place? A. To study Chinese. B. To watch a movie. C. To share food. 20. What did Jenny and Tina talk about? A. Their cultures. B. Sports games. C. School homework. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共11小题，每小题2分，满分22分) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. When do people in the West usually have lunch? A. Before midday. B. At around 7 p.m. C. After midday, sometimes at 1 p.m. 2. If you don’t like the food given to you at a Western dinner, you should ________. A. throw it away immediately B. push it to the edge of the plate and leave it there C. tell the host loudly that you hate it 3. Which of the following is considered rude at the end of a Western meal? A. Staying and talking around the table. B. Leaving as soon as you finish eating. C. Using knives and forks to eat most food. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍西方用餐时间与礼仪，告诉人们要入乡随俗。 【1题详解】 文中指出：“Lunch is eaten LATER. (after midday, sometimes at 1 p.m.)”，西方人通常在中午以后吃午饭，有时是在下午1点。 【2题详解】 文中“Refusing food”中表明：“Push it to the edge of the plate and leave it there.”，如果你不喜欢西餐中给你的食物，你应该把它推到盘子的边缘，放在那里。 【3题详解】 文中指出：“Leave as soon as you finish eating? NO! It’s RUDE!!!”，在西餐结束时，一吃完就离开被认为是粗鲁的。 B Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form? Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed. Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing? According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year! Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on. Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is! 4. When did Qomolangma start to form? A. Around 45 million years ago. B. About 89,000 years ago. C. Thousands of years ago. 5. The underlined word “estimated” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A. 想象 B. 估计 C. 考虑 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. Qomolangma was once on the top of the sea. B. No other mountains are growing now. C. Isostatic rebound makes Qomolangma rise. 7. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的形成原因、高度变化以及它并非唯一仍在增长的山峰，展现了自然的神奇之处。 【4题详解】 根据第一段中“Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰形成于大约4500万年前。 【5题详解】 根据第二段划线词所在句“They estimated this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year!”可知，科学家研究得到珠穆朗玛峰每年增长的数值范围，该数值是科学家通过研究估算得出的，因此“estimated”词义为“估计”。 【6题详解】 根据第三段内容可知，河流冲刷带走岩土让山体变轻，这个上升过程就是地壳均衡回弹，因此是地壳均衡回弹让珠穆朗玛峰升高了。 【7题详解】 文中四个段落分别对应四个序号，第一段①引入话题，介绍珠穆朗玛峰的形成；第二段②介绍珠穆朗玛峰逐年增长的现象；第三段③解释珠穆朗玛峰增长的原因；第四段④总结全文，拓展说明其他山峰也在增长，感叹自然，因此文章结构为总起（①）—分述（②③）——总结（④），对应选项A的篇章结构图。 C As the world welcomed 2026, more international travellers visited China. They enjoyed deeper and more immersive (沉浸式的) experiences during the New Year holiday. Erika and David, a Spanish couple, spent their New Year holiday exploring the countryside in southern China. They went hiking through villages and had a self-guided motorcycle (摩托车) ride. They were amazed by the beautiful scenery. While many people still explore popular cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, a growing number of foreign travellers are turning their attention to lesser-known places. For example, Beihai in Guangxi, Xuzhou in Jiangsu and Zhanjiang in Guangdong are on their travel list. What’s more, foreign tourists look for deeper cultural experiences. That means tour guides need to learn more. “Nowadays, tour guides need to know not only the famous attractions, but also the stories behind lesser-known places,” said Ding Chaofeng, who has worked as a guide for foreign visitors for 17 years. Once, Ding guided a family of three from the US. After listening to Ding’s introduction to Zhuang ethnic (民族的) villages, the family decided to visit one and see how local people really live. Ding took them to a villager’s home. They watched traditional Zhuang weaving techniques (编织技术) and listened to villagers talk about farming customs. The family said it was more valuable than visiting any famous attraction. That’s when Ding realized foreign tourists wanted to truly “understand”, not just “see”. In 2025, lots of lesser-known cities saw their foreign visitor numbers go up. In 2026, as more such places continue to show their special culture and natural beauty, travellers will have more chances to discover different and unusual places in China. 8. What did the Spanish couple do in China during their New Year holiday? A. They bought a bicycle. B. They visited some villages. C. They tried foreign food. 9. What did Ding think tour guides need to do nowadays? A. To study more foreign languages. B. To focus only on famous attractions. C. To know stories about lesser-known places. 10. What did the US family think of visiting the Zhuang ethnic village? A. Meaningful. B. Common. C. Improper. 11. What can we expect about travel to lesser-known Chinese cities? A. It will attract fewer foreign visitors. B. It will need less preparation. C. It will offer more different choices. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述越来越多外国游客不再只游览热门大城市，转而前往小众城市体验深度民俗文化。 【8题详解】 根据第二段中“They went hiking through villages...”可知，这对西班牙夫妇在乡村徒步穿越了村庄，对应B选项“他们参观了一些村庄”。 【9题详解】 根据第四段导游丁超峰的话“Nowadays, tour guides need to know not only the famous attractions, but also the stories behind lesser-known places,”可知，如今导游不仅需要知道著名景点，还需要了解鲜为人知地方背后的故事。 【10题详解】 根据第五段中“The family said it was more valuable than visiting any famous attraction.”可知，这家人认为这次经历比参观任何著名景点都更有价值，即更有意义（Meaningful）。 【11题详解】 根据最后一段中“travellers will have more chances to discover different and unusual places in China”可知，游客将有更多机会发现中国不同且独特的地方，这意味着将提供更多不同的选择，对应C选项。文章提到小众城市外国游客数量在上涨，A选项“它将吸引更少的外国游客”与原文事实相反，全文只介绍了小众旅游的发展趋势，没有提到出行准备多少的相关内容，故B选项错误。 第二节(共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Floods are one of the most common natural disasters in the world. ____12____ They can result from heavy rains, rising rivers, or coastal storms. ____13____ Every year, thousands of people die because of floods. Floods can wash away roads, bridges and houses. They can also cause many other problems. For example, after a flood, food becomes hard to find, and dirty water can spread diseases (传播疾病). Floods are happening more often now. One reason is that the Earth’s temperature is rising. ____14____ This makes the rain heavier and the storms stronger. Also, dry and hard ground cannot soak up (吸收) water well. Water runs quickly into low areas and causes floods. Another reason is rising sea levels. Big waves push more water onto the land. Many coastal cities will face serious danger because of it. So, what can we do to stay safe? ____15____ Many floods take hours or even days to develop. This gives people time to go to safe places. Besides, we can build sea walls and green spaces. These can help soak up rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. Although floods are a big challenge, we can protect our homes by working together. A. Floods can be very dangerous. B. First, early warning systems are helpful. C. They usually happen when too much water covers the land. D. When the Earth gets warmer, the air can hold more water. E. Floods often leave much litter behind after they go away. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了洪水的形成条件、巨大危害、频发的两大原因，同时给出了保障人身安全的应对办法。 【12题详解】 空前一句提到洪水是常见的自然灾害，空后一句解释了洪水的成因（大雨、河流上涨等）。选项C“They usually happen when too much water covers the land.（它们通常发生在太多水覆盖陆地的时候。）”是对洪水定义的补充，承上启下，符合语境。 【13题详解】 空后几句列举了洪水导致的死亡、道路房屋被冲毁以及疾病传播等后果，都在说明洪水的危害。选项A“Floods can be very dangerous.（洪水可能非常危险。）”是本段的主题句，概括了下文内容。 【14题详解】 空前一句提到地球气温上升，空后一句说“这使得雨更大、风暴更强”。选项D“When the Earth gets warmer, the air can hold more water.（当地球变暖时，空气能容纳更多的水。）”解释了气温上升与雨水变多之间的科学联系，与前后文逻辑紧密相连。 【15题详解】 本段主题是“如何保持安全”。空后一句提到洪水发展需要时间，这给人们时间去安全的地方。选项B“First, early warning systems are helpful.（首先，预警系统是有帮助的。）”提出了具体的安全措施，且与后文提到的“争取时间”相呼应。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Body language is a powerful way to ____16____ feelings and messages without words. However, different cultures may ____17____ gestures in their own ways. For example, in many countries, a smile shows happiness, but in some places, people might smile when they feel ____18____ or shy. In Japan, people often ____19____ looking into others’ eyes for too long because it can seem impolite. On the other hand, in Brazil, people stand close to each other and touch arms during conversations, which shows ____20____. However, in countries like Germany, touching others too much might make people feel ____21____. Nodding the head usually means “yes”, but in Bulgaria, nodding means “no” and shaking the head means “yes”. This difference can cause ____22____ if you’re not careful. Even hand gestures can be ____23____ to understand. The “thumbs-up” sign is good in America, but in parts of the Middle East, it is ____24____ seen as rude. Similarly, pointing with a finger is not polite in many Asian countries. People there might use their whole hand ____25____. To stay respectful, it’s important to study local customs before travelling. Body language connects us, but only when we use it carefully. 16. A. write B. send C. communicate 17. A. take B. understand C. make 18. A. excited B. pleased C. nervous 19. A. avoid B. like C. try 20. A. friendship B. sadness C. danger 21. A. polite B. happy C. uncomfortable 22. A. fun B. problems C. joy 23. A. easy B. hard C. clear 24. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes 25. A. instead B. together C. again 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍肢体语言无需文字就能传递情绪与信息，列举各国在微笑、眼神接触、肢体触碰、头部动作、手势上的文化差异，提醒人们出行前了解当地习俗，谨慎使用肢体语言。 【16题详解】 句意：肢体语言是一种无需文字来传递情绪和信息的有力方式。 根据空后搭配“feelings and messages without words”，应选用communicate，可表示传递情感、交流信息。write侧重书写文字，send多用来寄送实物，二者均不合语境。 【17题详解】 句意：然而，不同文化可能会以各自的方式解读手势。 根据前半句转折逻辑，句子表达不同文化对手势有不同理解方式，应选用understand，表示理解、解读。take意为拿取，make意为制作，与句子语义无关。 【18题详解】 句意：举例来说，在许多国家微笑代表开心，但在一些地方，人们感到紧张或害羞时也可能微笑。 根据空后并列词or连接shy，此处需要同类负面情绪词，应选用nervous，表示紧张局促。excited兴奋的、pleased愉悦的均是积极情绪，无法和shy并列。 【19题详解】 句意：在日本，人们常常避免长时间直视他人眼睛，因为这样看起来不礼貌。 根据后半句“because it can seem impolite”的因果线索，长时间对视不礼貌，人们会刻意避开，应选用avoid，表示避开。like喜欢、try尝试，与后半句因果逻辑相悖。 【20题详解】 句意：另一方面，在巴西，人们交谈时站得很近、触碰手臂，这代表友好。 根据前文“stand close to each other and touch arms”的行为线索，近距离肢体接触代表友好亲近，应选用friendship，表示友好。sadness悲伤、danger危险，和该社交行为表意不符。 【21题详解】 句意：但在德国这类国家，过多触碰他人可能会让人感到不适。 根据句首However转折线索，德国不习惯亲密肢体接触，过度触碰会带来不好感受，应选用uncomfortable，表示不舒服的。polite礼貌的、happy开心的均为正向感受，不符合转折逻辑。 【22题详解】 句意：这种含义上的差异，如果你不够留意，就会引发麻烦。 根据前文点头、摇头在不同国家含义完全相反的对比线索，文化差异容易造成误会，应选用problems，表示麻烦、问题。fun乐趣、joy喜悦均为积极词汇，与负面后果不符。 【23题详解】 句意：甚至手部手势也很难弄懂。 根据后文美国与中东对竖大拇指手势含义截然相反的举例线索，手势解读存在文化鸿沟，应选用hard，表示难以理解。easy简单的、clear清晰的和后文例子逻辑冲突。 【24题详解】 句意：竖大拇指在美国是友好的信号，但在中东部分地区，它有时会被视作无礼。 根据in parts of the Middle East限定范围，表达部分场景下会有负面含义，应选用sometimes，表示有时。never从不、seldom很少，语义程度不符合客观情况。 【25题详解】 句意：在许多亚洲国家，用手指指人是不礼貌的，当地人会改用整只手来替代。 根据前句单用手指不礼貌的线索，当地人会换一种手势替代，应选用instead，表示取而代之。together一同、again再次，无法体现替换动作。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从方框中选出合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 without great recommend punish him a base inspire hate read Have you ever read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain? It is one of the ____26____ novels in American literary history. For many teenagers, it has been one of the most unforgettable books since they were young. The book shows the real life of children in the 19th century and the society they lived in. It is full of fun, courage and wisdom. For most ____27____, this book has been so popular that we have never lost interest in it. We have never seen such ____28____ lively and lovely boy like Tom in other stories. He has brought us so much joy and courage. The writer ____29____ the story on his own childhood experiences in a small town. The main character Tom was a spoiled and naughty boy. He ____30____ school and always broke rules, so his aunt had to ____31____ him when he did something wrong. But Tom was not a bad boy. He was kind, brave and gentle inside. He always tried ____32____ best to help people in trouble. One day, he and his friends experienced some dangerous and mysterious things in a quiet place. They faced the bad people ____33____ fear and finally won. Tom changed a lot through these experiences. He grew from a selfish boy into a helpful one. Up to now, this book has ____34____ millions of young people around the world. Many teachers and parents often _____35_____ it to students as a great lesson in life. 【答案】26. greatest 27. readers 28. a 29. based 30. hated 31. punish 32. his 33. without 34. inspired 35. recommend 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍《汤姆・索亚历险记》的文学地位、主角汤姆的人物经历与成长，讲述这本书对青少年的激励作用。 【26题详解】 句意：它是美国文学史上最伟大的小说之一。 固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”；形容词great变为最高级greatest。 【27题详解】 句意：对于大多数读者来说，这本书十分受欢迎，我们从未失去对它的兴趣。 many/most后接可数名词复数；动词read转化为指人的名词reader，复数形式readers，意为“读者们”。 【28题详解】 句意：我们从未在其他故事里见过像汤姆这样活泼可爱的男孩。此处为 固定搭配“such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，lively以辅音音素开头，因此填不定冠词a。 【29题详解】 句意：作者以自己在小镇的童年经历为基础创作了这个故事。 固定短语base sth. on sth.，全文叙述书籍创作背景为过去，动词base变为过去式based。 【30题详解】 句意：他讨厌上学，还总违反规矩。 后文broke rules为一般过去时，时态保持一致，此处应用动词过去式；hate变为过去式hated，意为“厌恶、讨厌”，符合语境。 【31题详解】 句意：所以每当他做错事，姨妈就不得不惩罚他。 固定搭配have to do sth.，to后接动词原形，备选词punish，意为“惩罚”，符合语境。 【32题详解】 句意：他总是尽自己最大努力帮助身处困境的人。 固定搭配“try one’s best to do sth.”，意为“尽某人最大努力”，主语为He，宾格him转换为形容词性物主代词his。 【33题详解】 句意：他们毫无畏惧地面对坏人，最终取得胜利。 介词without意为“没有、无”，without fear构成状语，表“毫无畏惧”，贴合勇敢对抗坏人的语境。 【34题详解】 句意：到目前为止，这本书激励了全世界数百万年轻人。 时间标志“Up to now”是现在完成时标志，结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”；inspire变为过去分词inspired。 【35题详解】 句意：许多老师和家长常常把它推荐给学生，当作一堂精彩的人生课。 频率副词often表示经常性动作，主语“Many teachers and parents”为复数，谓语动词用原形recommend；固定搭配recommend sth. to sb.“向某人推荐某物”。 第四部分 综合技能(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Last summer, 17 volunteers from China and other countries met in Pingyao, Shanxi. From August 1st to 13th, they took part in a special camp to help protect old buildings. With the help of experienced workers, the volunteers learnt how to repair (维修) the walls of an ancient building. They also visited some famous places. One volunteer, Herwann Rocrou, is from France. He joined the program to learn about how Chinese people take care of ancient buildings. “I love Chinese history and culture,”he said. “I hope to live in China one day.” Since 2010, there have been 48 such volunteer camps in different provinces like Shanxi, Guizhou, Fujian, and Yunnan. More than half of them took place in Shanxi, and nearly 1,000 international volunteers have taken part. “Our goal is to give the public more chances to take part in protecting old buildings,” said Ding Feng, one of the organizers. “When they work with their hands, they feel closer to these old buildings. They also care more about saving them.” 36. What did the volunteers learn from experienced workers? _________________________________________________________________________________ 37. Why did Herwann join this program? _________________________________________________________________________________ 38. How many volunteer camps has Shanxi held since 2010? _________________________________________________________________________________ 39. What do you think of the program? Why? _________________________________________________________________________________ 40. 将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分15分) 41. 学校即将举办以“志愿服务分享”为主题的英语演讲活动，号召同学们积极参与志愿服务。请你以“My Volunteer Experience”为题，写一篇英语演讲稿。 内容要点： 1．介绍自己参与过的志愿服务活动; 2．描述在活动中完成的具体任务; 3．分享此次志愿服务给自己带来的收获与感悟。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】36. They learnt how to repair the walls of an ancient building. 37. To learn about how Chinese people take care of ancient buildings. 38. More than 24 volunteer camps. 39. I think it is meaningful because it helps protect old buildings. 40. 他们也更在意拯救它们。 41. Dear classmates, My Volunteer Experience Today I’d like to share my volunteer experience with you. Last month, I volunteered at an old people’s home. I did lots of meaningful work there. I chatted with the elderly, cleaned their rooms and sang old songs to cheer them up.This activity brings me great gains. I learn to listen and care for others deeply. I truly feel warm when I bring happiness to them. Volunteering shapes us into better people. Let’s join in volunteer service from now on! 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自不同国家的志愿者在山西平遥参加保护古建筑的志愿营活动，介绍了活动内容、志愿者感受以及该项目的历史和意义。 【36题详解】 根据文章第二段“With the help of experienced workers, the volunteers learnt how to repair (维修) the walls of an ancient building.”可推知，志愿者学到了如何修复古建筑的墙壁。 【37题详解】 根据文章第三段“He joined the program to learn about how Chinese people take care of ancient buildings.”可推知，他参加的目的是了解中国人如何照顾古建筑。 【38题详解】 根据文章第四段“Since 2010, there have been 48 such volunteer camps... More than half of them took place in Shanxi”可推知，总数48个，一半以上即超过24个。 【39题详解】 根据文章第五段“Our goal is to give the public more chances to take part in protecting old buildings”可推知，该项目有利于保护文化。（本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可） 【40题详解】 They also care more about saving them.译为“他们也更加在意拯救它们”。“他们”用They表示；“关心、在意……”用care about表示，more是much的比较级，用来修饰动词care，表示 “更加”；about是介词，后面接“拯救”save的动名词saving，save后接they的宾格形式them。 【41题详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英语演讲稿（应用文），以一般过去时、一般现在时为主，面向全校同学发言 明确要点： 1. 介绍参与过的志愿服务活动； 2. 描述活动里完成的具体任务； 3. 分享志愿服务带来的收获与感悟，文末号召大家参与志愿 确定人称：第一人称 I 注意事项：词数80词左右；无真实姓名、校名；语言口语化，适合演讲朗读，要点完整可适度拓展 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构 开头段：介绍自己参加的志愿活动（地点、活动类型） 主体段：清晰说明自己完成的各项具体工作 结尾段：讲述自身收获感悟，发出号召，收尾演讲 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍志愿服务活动 核心表达：I once volunteered in the old people’s home last month.等 配套词汇：take part in volunteer activities/visit nursing homes, community volunteer work/charity service等 要点二：描述具体任务 核心表达：I chatted with the elderly, helped clean their rooms and sang old songs for them.等 配套词汇：do cleaning work/read newspapers to seniors/prepare snacks/take a walk with them等 要点三：收获与感悟+号召 核心表达：This experience taught me the importance of care and teamwork. I feel happy to give warmth to others. Let’s take part in volunteer work together.等 配套词汇：learn to care for others/feel the joy of giving/realize the value of service/spread kindness around us等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $