【暑假培优 ★ 新高二】第07讲：语法填空有提示词+题型综合练+高考词汇进阶（全国通用）-新高二英语提升拓展精品讲义

第07讲：语法填空有提示词+题型综合练+高考核心词汇进阶 内容导航 目录 内容 语法精选：语法填空之有提示词 考点01 动词时态 考点02 动词语态 考点03 非谓语动词 考点04 词性词形转化 题型综合练 完形填空夹叙夹议文 七选五 高考核心词汇积累 G字母高考核心词汇 要点梳理 语法填空之有提示词 原单词词性 变形方向 变形规则 判定条件 示例 动词 (v.)（最高频） 1. 谓语动词 时态 + 语态 + 主谓一致（一般 / 进行 / 完成时；主动 / 被动；三单） 空格在句子中作谓语，存在主语，有时间提示 do→does/did/was done/have done 2. 非谓语动词 todo（不定式）、doing（动名词 / 现在分词）、done（过去分词） 本句已经存在谓语动词，无连词，不能再作谓语 doto do / doing / done 名词 (n.) 1. 单复数 单数→复数（s/es；特殊变形） 前面有 many、several、数词、冠词之外的限定词；表泛指 boyboys；lifelives 2. 名词所有格 ’s /s’ 表 “…… 的” studentstudents’ 3. 名词变形容词 +y /ful /less /al 放在 be 动词后、修饰名词（作定语 / 表语） carecareful 形容词 (adj.) 1. 比较级、最高级 er/est；more/most 有 than，much，even，the，oneof 结构 talltallertallest 2. 形容词变副词 +ly（修饰动词、整句话） 修饰动词、形容词、整个句子，放句末或句首 carefulcarefully 3. 形容词变名词 +ness/ity 放在冠词、介词后，要作名词 happyhappiness 副词 (adv.) 1. 比较级、最高级 er/est；more/most than、the、even 修饰 fastfasterfastest 2. 副词变形容词 去掉ly 修饰名词或作表语 weeklyweek (名词)；possiblypossible 代词 (pron.) 人称代词变形 主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词 看在句中作主语、宾语，还是表 “自己” Imemyminemyself 课堂精讲 考点一、动词时态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 【小试牛刀】 1．By the year 2050, the world’s population (reach) approximately 9.7 billion, according to UN projections. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 2．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It (feature) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．In fact, sometimes authors (involve) in the film adaptation process and may even be the screenwriter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Nowadays the temple as well as its surrounding gardens (belong) to a local family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点二、被动语态 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  【小试牛刀】 6．Her poem themed her deep love for children (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．The doctor, together with his colleagues, (appoint) to lead the medical team next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．It is reported that more than 500 new books (donate) to the mountain school by the end of this month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The famous musician, together with his band members, (interview) by the reporter when the power went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．A rescue worker risked his life to save the tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点三、非谓语动词 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不定式 非谓语动词基本用法，及非谓语一般形式；主要考点为动词不定式和动名词，分词少有涉及。 需使用不定式做宾语的动词；省去to 的不定式作宾补的动词；不定式做表语。 动名词 一些常接动名词做宾语的动词及句型 分词 现在分词与过去分词做表语区别 知识点1 不定式的用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如： I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2．用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语） He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语） I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语） His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语） On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语） She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语） The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother．（现在分词做定语） 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. （过去分词做定语） 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.（现在分词做补语） 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. （过去分词做补语） 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.（过去分词做状语） 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.（现在分词做状语） 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.（现在分词否定形式） 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.（现在分词完成形式） 【小试牛刀】 1．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．His (laugh) at in the presence of all his friends made him annoyed.(所给词的适当形式填空) 3． (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．They hurried to the water, only (find) a baby seal there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．They all appreciated (give) the opportunity to go abroad for further study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6． (engage) myself in the local atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Her father, the first person from Hunan Province (reach) the summit of Qomolangma, greatly (influence) her. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．By contrast, “loong”, a word （create）in the 19th century, reminds people of strength and fortune, and should be distinguished from its Western cousin. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Often ________ (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, (force) to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点四、词形词性转化 形容词、副词的确定 形容词变为副词时，要注意方法：一般形容词直接加-ly；以-ble, -ple结尾的形容词，则是去e再加-y；另外记住三个特殊词：gentle, true, whole，它们分别变为gently, truly, wholly。 比较级和最高级的变化规则也要注意。注意单音节词、双音节词和多音节词的变化。 名词的确定 (1)确定此空填名词时，应该考虑用什么样的后缀、单复数形式。 (2)另外还要注意一些特殊的变化形式。如medium--media; bacterium--bacteria; phenomenon--phenomena; analysis--analyses, etc. 【小试牛刀】 1．Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Many recommendations came up at the conference about wildlife (protect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was (shock). (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool, we looked at him with (admire). (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Liang Jianying, general (design) of the China’s high-speed EMU, was born in 1972. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．We begin to see the (connect) of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence (AI) has been described as so advanced that it is (distinguish) from humans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are (patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Most people here are (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead. （所给词的适当形式填空） 12．Like their children, parents are often （defend）about their private lives.（所给词的适当形式填空） 13．Jane, (behavior) yourself. Have you forgotten the rules I told you？(所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Due to the widespread （apply） of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage. (所给词的适当形式填空） 15．Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street (entertain). （所给词的适当形式填空） 16．He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．If you have been working hard, don’t be afraid to take a break and give yourself a well- (deserve) pat on the back or to reflect on your goals. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．I shall never forget watching the sunrise over the sea-it was (forget)! （所给词的适当形式填空） 19．He has only been playing football as a (profession) for two years. （所给词的适当形式填空） 20．Even though the (connect)on the ground is fast，the signal is slow to go from space to the earth so the Internet runs slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 课堂精练 1．Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury. 2．It was by the end of the day that we (sell) over 2,000 tickets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．I (intend) to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor when I was about to leave. 4．She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I (have) a job teaching English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The girl, as well as her parents, (be) going to visit China next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. （所给词的适当形式填空） 8．ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools (ban) it since its birth. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．To address this problem, experts (increase) the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters by the end of 2023, according to the government. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．Zheng He, one of the most influential explorers, (take) charge of the task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, (keep) logs of their voyages and charted the coast. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．He is the only one of the students who (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. 13．As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people (respond) when they heard it for the first time.（所给词的适当形式填空） 14．Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once their little daughter changed her job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she (lie) there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．Jeremy, who （concentrate）on his food, looked up at the mention of the word cash. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 17．By the time you come here, you (experience) our traditional Chinese culture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．Is it likely that the scientists (discover) a cure for cancer by the year 2040? (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. （所给词的适当形式填空） 20．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 题型组合训练 演练 一、完形填空 The walk I’d planned was 22 miles to the coast. It is enough to get the legs aching and the mind 1 . But the real 2 for me was getting to a wonderful destination. I was wondering if I’d have the endurance and determination to do it. I am, after all, in my late 40s. I 3 the coast at 7:00 a.m. I was, for the day, an arrow. I tried to keep my path as straight and direct as possible. 4 the five-hour mark, I was in a good state of body and mind. The 5 of the usual routine had been eased by daydreams. From this point on, the 6 seemed to change. The banks on either side were larger, and the grasses longer, even though the sea was still miles off. Things were getting 7 . Despite feeling like I was nearly “there”, I still had four miles to go. I was hurting, my knees. I 8 the painkillers down with my secret weapon: coffee. Studies have shown caffeine 9 endurance and it kept me going. Try as I might, I still couldn’t see my walk’s end. I could even smell a(n) 10 in the air, but the horizon remained 11 in salt marsh (盐沼地). Then, almost without realizing it, I was “there”. Where I had hoped to see the 12 , I saw salt marsh, like the chocolate milkshake of the North Sea! Feeling like a bit of a fool, I headed down into the nearest marsh and left my boot prints in the mud. The seven-and-a-half-hour walk had hurt my 13 , but I’d acted on a long-held idea, done it, and 14 it off my list. I was now free to think of new ones and move on, in this dawn of possibilities we all face. Life is too short to let ideas stagnate (停滞); now’s the time to turn them to 15 . 1．A．aching B．relaxed C．active D．injured 2．A．excuse B．liberation C．draw D．recreation 3．A．settled in B．set about C．arrived at D．left for 4．A．Recognizing B．Approaching C．Ignoring D．Examining 5．A．inconvenience B．dizziness C．boredom D．peace 6．A．landscape B．weather C．climate D．atmosphere 7．A．flatter B．darker C．quieter D．wilder 8．A．calmed B．washed C．broke D．cooled 9．A．changes B．dominates C．boosts D．affects 10．A．sweetness B．sourness C．saltiness D．bitterness 11．A．updated B．locked C．broadened D．located 12．A．horizon B．sea C．land D．forest 13．A．hips B．arms C．knees D．fingers 14．A．crossed B．torn C．brushed D．switched 15．A．dream B．reality C．achievement D．memory 二、阅读理解 How to Get into College The college admission world can be mysterious. But experts urge students not to panic. 16 •Get an early start and finish high school strong Colleges want to see that you’ve focused from the start on getting the best possible education your high school has to offer. High school shouldn’t just happen to you. 17 . Colleges like to see that a student is on an upward way where they show continued improvement, particularly during their junior and senior years. •Challenge yourself responsibly Admission officers attach importance to overall high school GPA, grades in Advanced Placement or other college-prepared classes, a careful course plan and a student’s writing file or personal paper. 18 , according to a 2019 report from the National Association for College Admission Counseling. • 19 Colleges are looking for students with rich experiences and various interests. So don’t just join the clubs; make it count. After all, what matters most is that your experiences are helping to transform you in positive ways and teaching you valuable lessons and habits that will shape you far beyond the college admission process. Each experience is an opportunity to grab. •Keep your college list balanced Students should create a list of desired colleges that include a certain number of safety schools, target schools, reach schools and high-reach schools. 20 , including your safeties. They shouldn’t be on your list if you don’t want to attend them. A．It’s important not to postpone anything B．Those are the top factors for admission C．You need to spend your time wisely there D．Make full use of your experiences in high school E．Encourage students to take classes they’re interested in F．You should be thrilled to attend any of these schools on your list G．Here are some tips to solve the mystery of how to get into college 高考核心词汇 演练 · 高考高频词汇精选背诵（G字母） 1. gain 2. gossip 3. gymnasium 4. grocery 5. gallery 6. grab 7. gamble 8. guard 9. garage 10. gradual 11. gifted 12. genetic 13. gender 14. grand 15. glorious 16. glide 17. greedy 18. grant 19. giant 20. gross 21. generous 22. graceful 23. ghost 24. gaze 25. genius 26. grateful 27. gravity 28. garment 29. genuine 30. gratitude 31. grief 32. gloomy 33. gesture 34. guarantee 35. guidance 36. glitter 37. galaxy 38. guilty 39. govern 40. geology · 高考核心词汇检测 1.Peter knew that he was _________ of lying. A. genuine B. guilty C. glorious D. greedy 2.Do you think this child has a _________ for music? A. government B. gift C. grief D. goal 3.The little boy ______ at the night sky, imagining himself traveling in space by spaceship. A. glanced B. glared C. gazed D. granted 4.His health is _________ improving under the good care of his wife. A. globally B. gradually C. gently D. generally 5.It is generally believed that the watch is ________ for two years. A.guided B. guessed C. gained D. guaranteed 6.The old lady can't hope to _____ her cold in a few days. A.get over B. get off C. hold on D. hold up 7.He is very ________, for he often buys things for other people. A. grievous B. graceful C. generous D. gorgeous 8.He sets aside some time every day to ________ what he has learned. A. get over B. go over C. give out D. give away 9.She began to run a small _________ store after her graduation from university. A.gymnasium B. grocery C. garbage D. geology 10.We are very _________ to our teacher for providing us with many good books. A. glorious B. gross C. gloomy D. grateful 11.If we ____ our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. A. give way to B. get through C. get along/on with D. go in for 12.With the experienced______leading us, we had a good time. A. gambles B. geniuses C. guides D. helicopters 13. He came back after work, parking his car in the __________. A. ghosts B. gymnastics C.garage D.gallery 14. He was delighted that the bank finally __________ a £500 loan to me. A.granted B. gambled C.grabbed D.glided 15. There has been much __________ about the possible reasons for his absence. A.gesture B.guidance C.gossip D.gratitude 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第07讲：语法填空有提示词+题型综合练+高考核心词汇进阶 内容导航 目录 内容 语法精选：语法填空之有提示词 考点01 动词时态 考点02 动词语态 考点03 非谓语动词 考点04 词性词形转化 题型综合练 完形填空夹叙夹议文 七选五 高考核心词汇积累 G字母高考核心词汇 要点梳理 语法填空之有提示词 原单词词性 变形方向 变形规则 判定条件 示例 动词 (v.)（最高频） 1. 谓语动词 时态 + 语态 + 主谓一致（一般 / 进行 / 完成时；主动 / 被动；三单） 空格在句子中作谓语，存在主语，有时间提示 do→does/did/was done/have done 2. 非谓语动词 todo（不定式）、doing（动名词 / 现在分词）、done（过去分词） 本句已经存在谓语动词，无连词，不能再作谓语 doto do / doing / done 名词 (n.) 1. 单复数 单数→复数（s/es；特殊变形） 前面有 many、several、数词、冠词之外的限定词；表泛指 boyboys；lifelives 2. 名词所有格 ’s /s’ 表 “…… 的” studentstudents’ 3. 名词变形容词 +y /ful /less /al 放在 be 动词后、修饰名词（作定语 / 表语） carecareful 形容词 (adj.) 1. 比较级、最高级 er/est；more/most 有 than，much，even，the，oneof 结构 talltallertallest 2. 形容词变副词 +ly（修饰动词、整句话） 修饰动词、形容词、整个句子，放句末或句首 carefulcarefully 3. 形容词变名词 +ness/ity 放在冠词、介词后，要作名词 happyhappiness 副词 (adv.) 1. 比较级、最高级 er/est；more/most than、the、even 修饰 fastfasterfastest 2. 副词变形容词 去掉ly 修饰名词或作表语 weeklyweek (名词)；possiblypossible 代词 (pron.) 人称代词变形 主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词 看在句中作主语、宾语，还是表 “自己” Imemyminemyself 课堂精讲 考点一、动词时态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 【小试牛刀】 1．By the year 2050, the world’s population (reach) approximately 9.7 billion, according to UN projections. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】will have reached 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国预测，到2050年，世界人口将达到约97亿。“by the year 2050”表示“到将来某一时间为止”，主句动作在该时间点前已完成，应使用将来完成时，故填will have reached。 2．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was whispering 【详解】句意：她上课正小声和同桌窃窃私语，这时老师突然转身直视她们。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them可知为过去进行时，谓语用单数。 3．In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It (feature) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】featured 【详解】句意：在古埃及，丰收节在春季 —— 埃及的收获时节庆祝。节日以游行以及伴有音乐、舞蹈和体育运动的盛大宴席为特色。前一句谓语was celebrated为一般过去时，描述古埃及的习俗，本句时态保持一致，feature使用过去式featured。 4．In fact, sometimes authors (involve) in the film adaptation process and may even be the screenwriter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are involved 【详解】句意：事实上，有时作者会参与电影改编的过程，甚至可能会担任编剧。be involved in“参与”是固定搭配，根据sometimes可知，此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。 5．Nowadays the temple as well as its surrounding gardens (belong) to a local family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】belongs 【详解】句意：现在该寺庙和它周围的花园都属于一个当地家庭。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，as well as连接并列名词作主语时，遵循就远原则，the temple是第三人称单数，谓语belong用单数形式belongs。 考点二、被动语态 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  【小试牛刀】 6．Her poem themed her deep love for children (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was submitted 【详解】句意：她的这首以对孩子们的深厚感情为主题的诗，是在上个月的截止日期前提交参加全国诗歌 比赛的。主语poem与submit构成被动关系，结合后文last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 7．The doctor, together with his colleagues, (appoint) to lead the medical team next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be appointed 【详解】句意：这位医生将与他的同事们一起，于下个月被任命为医疗团队的负责人。由next month可知，句子时态是一般将来时，The doctor, together with his colleagues和appoint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用一般将来时的被动语态will be appointed。 8．It is reported that more than 500 new books (donate) to the mountain school by the end of this month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will have been donated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：据报道，到本月底将有500多本新书被捐赠给山区学校。本空在that引导的主语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语“by the end of this month”可知，此处表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，时态用将来完成时，且主语more than 500 new books与动词donate“捐赠”之间为被动关系，应用将来完成时的被动语态，谓语用will have been donated。故填will have been donated。 9．The famous musician, together with his band members, (interview) by the reporter when the power went out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being interviewed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这位著名的音乐家以及他的乐队成员当时正在接受记者的采访，就在这时停电了。此处谓语与The famous musician构成被动关系，且表示过去某个时刻正在发生，为过去进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was being interviewed。 10．A rescue worker risked his life to save the tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been trapped 【详解】句意：救援人员冒着生命危险，救出了被困在山区两天的游客。tourists与trap是动宾关系，被困这个动作发生在主句谓语risked之前，且持续了两天，此空应用过去完成时的被动语态had been trapped，作从句谓语。 考点三、非谓语动词 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不定式 非谓语动词基本用法，及非谓语一般形式；主要考点为动词不定式和动名词，分词少有涉及。 需使用不定式做宾语的动词；省去to 的不定式作宾补的动词；不定式做表语。 动名词 一些常接动名词做宾语的动词及句型 分词 现在分词与过去分词做表语区别 知识点1 不定式的用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如： I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2．用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语） He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语） I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语） His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语） On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语） She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语） The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother．（现在分词做定语） 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. （过去分词做定语） 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.（现在分词做补语） 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. （过去分词做补语） 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.（过去分词做状语） 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.（现在分词做状语） 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.（现在分词否定形式） 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.（现在分词完成形式） 【小试牛刀】 1．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：土耳其伊斯坦布尔的大巴扎有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到1455年。date back to表示“追溯到”，本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且history与date back to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating。 2．His (laugh) at in the presence of all his friends made him annoyed.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being laughed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在所有朋友面前被嘲笑，这使他很生气。此处为动名词的复合结构作主语，结合语境可知，他是被嘲笑的，需用动名词的被动语态。故填being laughed。 3． (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Exposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管暴露在寒冷的天气中，许多勇敢的游客和科学家仍然选择去南极洲旅游。本句谓语为choose，此处为非谓语动词，且expose“使暴露”与逻辑主语many brave tourists and scientists为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Exposed。 4．They hurried to the water, only (find) a baby seal there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to find 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他们匆忙赶到水边，却发现那里有一只小海豹。句子已有谓语动词hurried，本空需要用非谓语动词。only to do结构是不定式作结果状语，用来表示一种意料之外的结果，本空用find“发现”的不定式。故填to find。 5．They all appreciated (give) the opportunity to go abroad for further study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们都很感激有机会出国深造。appreciate doing sth.“感激做某事”，动名词作宾语。此处表示“他们感激被给了机会”，所以需要动名词的被动形式，即being done的结构。故填being given。 6． (engage) myself in the local atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】To engage 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了融入当地的氛围， 我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店。空处需要动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了融入当地的氛围”。该空位于句首，首字母大写。故填To engage。 7．Her father, the first person from Hunan Province (reach) the summit of Qomolangma, greatly (influence) her. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 to reach influenced 【详解】考查不定式和时态。句意：她的父亲是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的湖南人，极大地影响了她。person有序数词first修饰，用reach“到达”的不定式，作后置定语。本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，第二空用influence“影响”的过去式，作谓语。故填①to reach；②influenced。 8．By contrast, “loong”, a word （create）in the 19th century, reminds people of strength and fortune, and should be distinguished from its Western cousin. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】created 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：相比之下，“龙”，一个19世纪创造的词，让人想起力量和财富，应该与它的西方表亲区分开来。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语reminds，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰word，word 和create二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语在句中作后置定语。故填created。 9．Often ________ (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】found 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Milo经常被发现坐在检票口，向上下班往返的人打招呼，并给她遇到的所有人带来微笑，使春天的早晨变得更加明亮。本句谓语为greeted，此处为非谓语动词，且Milo与find“发现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表示被动。故填found。 10．Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, (force) to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being forced 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当然，在家进行循环利用是非常重要的。然而，被迫回收利用通常意味着我们已经有了比我们需要的更多的材料。分析可知，设空处为主语，应用动名词形式，根据上下文意思可知是被迫的意思，所以用动名词的被动结构，故填being forced。 考点四、词形词性转化 形容词、副词的确定 形容词变为副词时，要注意方法：一般形容词直接加-ly；以-ble, -ple结尾的形容词，则是去e再加-y；另外记住三个特殊词：gentle, true, whole，它们分别变为gently, truly, wholly。 比较级和最高级的变化规则也要注意。注意单音节词、双音节词和多音节词的变化。 名词的确定 (1)确定此空填名词时，应该考虑用什么样的后缀、单复数形式。 (2)另外还要注意一些特殊的变化形式。如medium--media; bacterium--bacteria; phenomenon--phenomena; analysis--analyses, etc. 【小试牛刀】 1．Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reminder 【详解】考查名词。句意：或许这种感觉来自在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲有儿童在挨饿”这句话，与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是一个令人不安的事实提醒。空格前有不定冠词an和形容词uncomfortable，需要填入单数名词作of的宾语；动词remind的名词形式是reminder，意为“提醒物，令人想起……的事物”，符合语境。故填reminder。 2．Many recommendations came up at the conference about wildlife (protect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】protection 【详解】考查名词。句意：会议上提出了许多关于野生动物保护的建议。protect是动词，意为“保护”；空处需用名词作介词about的宾语，protection为名词，意为“保护”；wildlife protection是固定搭配，意为“野生动物保护”。故填protection。 3．Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was (shock). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】shocked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数文章篇幅不到一页，几乎没有句子能被解读为论点陈述。我感到很震惊。此处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语I，表达“感到震惊的”状态，shocked为形容词，意为“（人）感到震惊的”。故填shocked。 4．Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool, we looked at him with (admire). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admiration 【详解】考查名词。句意：听着这位探险家如何在漩涡中幸存下来的故事，我们钦佩地看着他。根据介词with可知，此处需要名词作宾语；admire为动词，其名词形式admiration意为“钦佩、赞赏”，不可数名词。故填admiration。 5．Liang Jianying, general (design) of the China’s high-speed EMU, was born in 1972. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】designer 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国高速动车组总设计师梁建英出生于1972年。空处用于形容词general之后，应用名词形式作同位语，说明Liang Jianying的身份，使用名词designer，意为“设计师”，此处指“总设计师”，用名词的单数形式。故填designer。 6．We begin to see the (connect) of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】interconnectedness 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们开始看到，在我们生活的各个方面，在我们自己和宇宙中，一件事与另一件事之间的互联性。作宾语，结合句意表示 “互联性”，应用名词 interconnectedness，由前缀 inter-(相互)+connect (联系)+ 后缀 - ed+-ness 构成。故填 interconnectedness。 7．In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence (AI) has been described as so advanced that it is (distinguish) from humans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】indistinguishable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在电影和电视的虚构世界中，人工智能（AI）被描述成非常先进，以至于与人类无法区分。结合句意，此处表示 “无法区分的”，应用形容词 indistinguishable，由前缀 in-(不，非)+distinguish (区分，辨别)+ 后缀 - able 构成，在句中作表语。故填indistinguishable。 8．Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】invisible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：太阳系外的许多恒星不用望远镜是看不见的。由句意可知，此处应用visible的反义词invisible(看不见的)，形容词作表语。故填invisible。 9．Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are (patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impatient 【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意：迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象。are后需跟形容词作表语，由too eager to add something to the conversation可知，句子是说“迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象”，因此空格处为“不耐心的”，其形容词为impatient，故填impatient。 10．If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unlikely 【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作。由If one is late for a job interview（如果一个人面试迟到）可知，如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作，因此空格处为“不可能的”，is后跟形容词作表语，“不可能的”的形容词为unlikely，故填unlikely。 11．Most people here are (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】unwilling 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的大多数人都不愿意放弃他们的汽车。相反他们不想乘公共汽车。 根据语境 “They don’t want to use buses”可知，前半句应意思为“大多数人不愿意放弃他们自己的车”；willing意思为“愿意的”，“不愿意的”是其否定词，前面加前缀un-，应是unwilling。故填unwilling。 12．Like their children, parents are often （defend）about their private lives.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】defensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：就像子女一样，父母也常常很注重保护他们的私生活。分析句子成分可知，空格处在系动词are后作表语，用形容词形式，故填defensive。 【点睛】 13．Jane, (behavior) yourself. Have you forgotten the rules I told you？(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】behave 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：简，规矩点，你忘了我告诉你的规则了吗 ？分析可知空格所在的句子是一个祈使句，故空格处填所给名词的动词形式。故答案为behave。 14．Due to the widespread （apply） of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】application 【详解】考查词形转换。句意：由于这种医药技术的广泛应用，越来越多的疾病可以及早发现并且治愈了。分析句子可知，形容词widespread后用名词，此空为“应用”的意思，且为不可数名词，故填application。 15．Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street (entertain). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：在卖礼物的各种商店里一边闲逛，一边欣赏现场音乐秀和漂亮的街头娱乐。根据句中的show，可知此空填名词。故答案为entertainment。 16．He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】apparently 【分析】本题考查词汇的语境应用能力和语法能力。 【详解】考查副词。句意：他显然对业余运动员击败排名前十的职业运动员的消息感到非常惊讶。分析可知，副词修饰much surprised。apparent，形容词，意为“明显的”，其副词形式为“apparently”，意为“显然地；似乎”。故填apparently。 17．If you have been working hard, don’t be afraid to take a break and give yourself a well- (deserve) pat on the back or to reflect on your goals. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】deserved 【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果你一直在努力工作，不要害怕休息一下，给自己一个当之无愧的表扬，或者反思你的目标。分析可知，“well- __________ (deserve)”应是形容词，在名词短语“a pat on the back(表扬，赞许)”中作定语。“deserve”，动词，意为“值得，应受”，其过去分词形式“deserved”可作形容词，意为“应得的；理所当然的；该受的”，与“well”构成合成词“well-deserved(当之无愧的)”，形容词，符合句意和分析。故填deserved。 18．I shall never forget watching the sunrise over the sea-it was (forget)! （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】unforgettable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我永远不会忘记在海上看日出——它是令人难以忘记的。空格前“was”是系动词，后面接形容词。括号中给出的提示词动词“forget”，对应的形容词是“forgettable”意思是“易被忘记的”。但根据句意这里应该使用反义“难以忘记的”，需要添加否定前缀。故填unforgettable。 19．He has only been playing football as a (profession) for two years. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】professional 【详解】考查名词。句意：他作为职业球员只踢了两年足球。根据句意和as a可知，此处应用其派生名词professional“专业人员”的单数形式作as的宾语。故填professional。 20．Even though the (connect)on the ground is fast，the signal is slow to go from space to the earth so the Internet runs slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】connection 【详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管地面上的连接速度很快，但信号从太空传到地球的速度很慢，因此互联网的运行速度很慢。空格处为句子的主语，且前面有定冠词the修饰，故空格处填名词。故答案为connection。 课堂精练 1．Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury. 【答案】withdrew 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：去年，这位网球运动员因伤退出了几场比赛。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语“Last year”可知应用一般过去时，设空处填动词不定式withdrew。故填withdrew。 2．It was by the end of the day that we (sell) over 2,000 tickets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had sold 【详解】考查时态。句意：到那天结束时，我们已经卖了2000多张票。本句话为强调句型，强调时间状语。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语by the end of the day可知，句子的时态为过去完成时态。故填had sold。 3．I (intend) to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor when I was about to leave. 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算去机场送你，但正当我准备出发时，来了一个意外的访客。结合句意可知，此处考查had intended/ planned/ expected…“本打算/计划/期待”，它们是特殊的虚拟语气，表示没有按计划/安排等完成任务，故填had intended。 4．She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I (have) a job teaching English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will have/am going to have 【详解】考查时态。句意：明年，大学毕业后，我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Next year可知，用一般将来时。故填will have/am going to have。 5．The girl, as well as her parents, (be) going to visit China next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个女孩和她的父母下周将访问中国。当主语后面跟有 as well as 连接的名词时，谓语动词的形式要和主语保持一致。本句的主语是 The girl，为第三人称单数，根据 next week可知用一般将来时，be going to结构中，be动词用 is。故填is。 6．The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has grown 【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：这个海港位于长江口，自1842年开放以来，占地面积已扩大到1.5平方英里。根据since it was opened in 1842可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语seaport为第三人称单数。故填has grown。 7．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was cycling 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型was/were doing... when...，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。 8．ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools (ban) it since its birth. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】have banned 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据since its birth可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语some schools为复数意义，谓语复数形式，故填have banned。 9．To address this problem, experts (increase) the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters by the end of 2023, according to the government. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：据政府称，为了解决这一问题，专家们在2023年底之前将数据库从3.2万个字符增加到7万个字符。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句时间状语by the end of 2023可知，此处为过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”已经完成的动作。故填had increased。 10．Zheng He, one of the most influential explorers, (take) charge of the task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】took 【详解】考查时态。句意：郑和，最有影响力的探险家之一，负责这项任务。空处为句子的谓语，表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填took。 11．As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, (keep) logs of their voyages and charted the coast. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】kept 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：航行时，航海家们记录罗盘读数，记录航行日志，绘制海岸地图。took，空处与charted为并列谓语动词，空处用动词过去式kept。故填kept。 12．He is the only one of the students who (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. 【答案】has been 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是学生中唯一一个获得三年奖学金的人。先行词为the only one，关系代词代替先行词在从句中做主语，所以谓语动词应该用单数。再根据时间状语for three years可知应该用现在完成时，故填has been。 13．As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people (respond) when they heard it for the first time.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】would respond 【详解】考查时态。句意：当贝多芬自豪地在页面底部签名时，他试图想象人们第一次听到这个名字时会有什么反应。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语people与respond为主动关系，再由tried to imagine可知，这里时态应用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would respond。 14．Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once their little daughter changed her job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would buy 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：拉里的父母下定决心，一旦小女儿换了工作，他们就买一所新房子。空处为从句谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作，应使用过去将来时。故填would buy。 15．When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she (lie) there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been lying 【详解】考查时态。句意：当爱丽丝苏醒过来时，她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。结合语境以及“she did”应用过去完成进行时表示说话之前的行为一直在进行，且动作对过去产生的影响。故填had been lying。 16．Jeremy, who （concentrate）on his food, looked up at the mention of the word cash. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 【答案】had been concentrating 【详解】考查时态。句意：一直专注于吃东西的Jeremy一听到“钱”这个字就抬起头来。“concentrate”这一动作发生在“looked up”之前并且还在进行，应该用过去完成进行时。故填had been concentrating。 17．By the time you come here, you (experience) our traditional Chinese culture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will have experienced 【详解】考查将来完成时。句意：当你来到这里时，你将体验到我们的中国传统文化。根据“By the time you come here”可知，此处应用将来完成时。动词experience意为“体验”。故填will have experienced。 18．Is it likely that the scientists (discover) a cure for cancer by the year 2040? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will have discovered 【详解】考查动词。句意：科学家们有可能在2040年之前找到治疗癌症的方法吗？分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中的by the year 2040意为“截止到2040年”，为将来完成时的时间标志即表示科学家们在将来某一时间以前已经发现。故填will have discovered。 19．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is regarded 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最好的全方位运动形式之一。本句描述客观事实，动词regard和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语动词与主语cycling保持一致，应该用单数形式。故填is regarded。 20．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be developed 【详解】考查一般将来时和被动语态。句意：在接下来几年，适合家用的设施将会被研发。根据句意可知这里缺少谓语动词，时间状语“in the following years”说明是一般将来时，主语“facilities”和谓语动词“develop”之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be developed。 题型组合训练 演练 一、完形填空 The walk I’d planned was 22 miles to the coast. It is enough to get the legs aching and the mind 1 . But the real 2 for me was getting to a wonderful destination. I was wondering if I’d have the endurance and determination to do it. I am, after all, in my late 40s. I 3 the coast at 7:00 a.m. I was, for the day, an arrow. I tried to keep my path as straight and direct as possible. 4 the five-hour mark, I was in a good state of body and mind. The 5 of the usual routine had been eased by daydreams. From this point on, the 6 seemed to change. The banks on either side were larger, and the grasses longer, even though the sea was still miles off. Things were getting 7 . Despite feeling like I was nearly “there”, I still had four miles to go. I was hurting, my knees. I 8 the painkillers down with my secret weapon: coffee. Studies have shown caffeine 9 endurance and it kept me going. Try as I might, I still couldn’t see my walk’s end. I could even smell a(n) 10 in the air, but the horizon remained 11 in salt marsh (盐沼地). Then, almost without realizing it, I was “there”. Where I had hoped to see the 12 , I saw salt marsh, like the chocolate milkshake of the North Sea! Feeling like a bit of a fool, I headed down into the nearest marsh and left my boot prints in the mud. The seven-and-a-half-hour walk had hurt my 13 , but I’d acted on a long-held idea, done it, and 14 it off my list. I was now free to think of new ones and move on, in this dawn of possibilities we all face. Life is too short to let ideas stagnate (停滞); now’s the time to turn them to 15 . 1．A．aching B．relaxed C．active D．injured 2．A．excuse B．liberation C．draw D．recreation 3．A．settled in B．set about C．arrived at D．left for 4．A．Recognizing B．Approaching C．Ignoring D．Examining 5．A．inconvenience B．dizziness C．boredom D．peace 6．A．landscape B．weather C．climate D．atmosphere 7．A．flatter B．darker C．quieter D．wilder 8．A．calmed B．washed C．broke D．cooled 9．A．changes B．dominates C．boosts D．affects 10．A．sweetness B．sourness C．saltiness D．bitterness 11．A．updated B．locked C．broadened D．located 12．A．horizon B．sea C．land D．forest 13．A．hips B．arms C．knees D．fingers 14．A．crossed B．torn C．brushed D．switched 15．A．dream B．reality C．achievement D．memory 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文讲述作者独自徒步二十二英里前往海岸的心路历程，途中历经身体疲惫与路途波折，最终顺利走完行程。作者借此感悟：人生切莫让想法搁置，要勇于付诸行动将心愿变为现实。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：这足以让双腿酸痛，让心灵得到放松。A. aching疼痛的；B. relaxed放松的；C. active活跃的；D. injured受伤的。根据前文的“The walk I’d planned was 22 miles to the coast.”可知，作者步行路线到海岸有22英里，是为了放松心灵。 2．考查名词。句意：但对我来说，真正吸引我的是能够到达一个美妙的目的地。A. excuse借口；B. liberation解放；C. draw有吸引力的人或事物；D. recreation娱乐。根据后文的“for me was getting to a wonderful destination”可知，对于作者来说这次步行之旅吸引作者的是能够到达一个美妙的目的地。 3．考查动词短语。句意：我早上7点出发去海边。A. settled in安顿下来；B. set about开始做某事；C. arrived at到达；D. left for出发去某地。根据后文的“at 7: 00 a.m”可知，作者早上7点出发去海边。 4．考查动词。句意：快到五小时的时候，我的身心状态都很好。A. Recognizing辨认；B. Approaching接近；C. Ignoring忽视；D. Examining检查。根据后文的“the five-hour mark”可知，整个行程接近5个小时。 5．考查名词。句意：通常例行事务的无聊被幻想所缓解。A. inconvenience不方便；B. dizziness头晕；C. boredom无聊；D. peace和平。根据后文的“the usual routine had been eased by daydreams”可知，幻想可以缓解此次步行之旅不断重复走路的无聊。 6．考查名词。句意：从这一点开始，景观似乎发生了变化。A. landscape风景；B. weather天气；C. climate气候；D. atmosphere氛围。根据后文的“The banks on either side were larger, and the grasses longer, even though the sea was still miles off.”可知，两岸的河岸变得更高，草也更茂盛了，这体现出步行的过程中，通过幻想，作者观看到的风景发生了变化。 7．考查形容词。句意：周遭景致愈发荒芜荒凉。A. flatter更平坦的；B. better更好的；C. quieter更安静的；D. wilder更荒凉的更，原生态的。根据后文的“Try as I might, I still couldn’t see my walk’s end.”可知，环境愈发偏僻荒凉，和身体劳累呼应。 8．考查动词。句意：我用我的秘密武器：咖啡，把止痛药吞下去。A. calmed使平静；B. washed洗，吞咽；C. broke打破；D. cooled冷却。根据后文的“painkillers”可知，作者就着咖啡把止痛药吃了下去。 9．考查动词。句意：研究表明，咖啡因能增强耐力，让我坚持下去。A. changes改变；B. dominates控制；C. boosts增强；D. affects影响。根据后文的“it kept me going”可知，研究表明咖啡能够增强耐力，让作者继续坚持下去。 10．考查名词。句意：我甚至能闻到空气中的咸味，但视野中仍然是一片盐沼地。A. sweetness甜味；B. sourness酸味；C. saltiness咸味；D. bitterness苦味。根据后文的“in salt marsh”可知，空气中有咸味。 11．考查形容词。句意： 同上。A. updated现代化的；B. locked锁定的，紧闭的；C. broadened扩大的；D. located位于。根据后文的“in salt marsh”可知，作者的视野中能看到的是一片盐沼地，该盐沼地锁定着作者的视野。 12．考查名词。句意：在我希望看到大海的地方，我看到了盐沼，就像北海的巧克力奶昔！A. horizon地平线；B. sea海；C. land陆地；D. forest森林。根据前文的“The banks on either side were larger, and the grasses longer, even though the sea was still miles off.”可知，作者是希望能够看到大海的，可是此处作者的视野范围内全是盐沼地。 13．考查名词。句意：七个半小时的行走让我的膝盖受伤，但我实现了一个旧的想法，完成了它，划掉了我的清单。A. hips臀部；B. arms胳膊；C. knees膝盖；D. fingers手指。根据前文的“I still had four miles to go. I was hurting, my knees.”可知，作者本来膝盖就受伤了，在走了七个半小时后，让作者的膝盖更加受伤。 14．考查动词。句意：同上。A. crossed画横线于； B. torn撕开；C. brushed刷；D. switched转换。根据前文的“I’d acted on an old idea, done it”可知，作者膝盖受伤了，但是作者继续前行，实现了自己的旧的想法，即完成这次步行之旅，因此从清单上划掉。 15．考查名词。句意：生命太短暂了，不能让想法停滞不前；现在是将它们变为现实的时候了。A. dream梦想；B. reality现实；C. achievement成就；D. memory记忆。根据前文的“Life is too short to let ideas stagnate”可知，作者认为生命太短暂了，不能仅仅停步于想法，而是要把想法变为现实。 二、阅读理解 How to Get into College The college admission world can be mysterious. But experts urge students not to panic. 16 •Get an early start and finish high school strong Colleges want to see that you’ve focused from the start on getting the best possible education your high school has to offer. High school shouldn’t just happen to you. 17 . Colleges like to see that a student is on an upward way where they show continued improvement, particularly during their junior and senior years. •Challenge yourself responsibly Admission officers attach importance to overall high school GPA, grades in Advanced Placement or other college-prepared classes, a careful course plan and a student’s writing file or personal paper. 18 , according to a 2019 report from the National Association for College Admission Counseling. • 19 Colleges are looking for students with rich experiences and various interests. So don’t just join the clubs; make it count. After all, what matters most is that your experiences are helping to transform you in positive ways and teaching you valuable lessons and habits that will shape you far beyond the college admission process. Each experience is an opportunity to grab. •Keep your college list balanced Students should create a list of desired colleges that include a certain number of safety schools, target schools, reach schools and high-reach schools. 20 , including your safeties. They shouldn’t be on your list if you don’t want to attend them. A．It’s important not to postpone anything B．Those are the top factors for admission C．You need to spend your time wisely there D．Make full use of your experiences in high school E．Encourage students to take classes they’re interested in F．You should be thrilled to attend any of these schools on your list G．Here are some tips to solve the mystery of how to get into college 【答案】16．G 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，为学生提供了一些进入大学的实用建议，涵盖了从高中开始的准备到申请大学的策略。 【详解】16．根据上文“The college admission world can be mysterious. But experts urge students not to panic. (大学录取的世界可能很神秘。但专家们敦促学生不要惊慌。)”可知，紧接着需要一些提示来解开如何进入大学的神秘。因此，正确答案是 G. Here are some tips to solve the mystery of how to get into college (这里是一些解开如何进入大学的神秘性的提示)。 17．在提到高中教育的重要性后，上文提到“High school shouldn’t just happen to you. (高中不应该只是发生在你身上的事情。)”，意味着学生需要积极参与并充分利用高中时间。因此，正确答案是 C. You need to spend your time wisely there (你要睿智的花费你的时间)。 18．在讨论挑战自己时，上文提到了“Admission officers attach importance to overall high school GPA, grades in Advanced Placement or other college-prepared classes, a careful course plan and a student’s writing file or personal paper. (招生官员重视整体高中GPA、大学预修课程或其他大学准备课程的成绩、仔细的课程计划以及学生的写作档案或个人论文。)”，紧接着指出了这些是录取的重要因素。因此，正确答案是 B. Those are the top factors for admission (这些是录取的首要因素)。 19．在讨论丰富的经验和多样的兴趣时，下文提到“So don’t just join the clubs; make it count. (所以不要只是加入俱乐部；要让它有价值。)”，意味着要充分利用高中的经历。因此，正确答案是 D. Make full use of your experiences in high school (充分利用你的高中经历)。 20．在讨论大学列表的平衡时，下文提到“Students should create a list of desired colleges that include a certain number of safety schools, target schools, reach schools and high-reach schools. (学生应该创建一个包含一定数量的安全学校、目标学校、延伸学校和高延伸学校的大学列表。)”，并强调了列表上的学校应该是学生真正愿意去的。因此，正确答案是 F. You should be thrilled to attend any of these schools on your list (你应该对去名单上的任何一所学校都感到兴奋)。 高考核心词汇 演练 · 高考高频词汇精选背诵（G字母） 1. gain 2. gossip 3. gymnasium 4. grocery 5. gallery 6. grab 7. gamble 8. guard 9. garage 10. gradual 11. gifted 12. genetic 13. gender 14. grand 15. glorious 16. glide 17. greedy 18. grant 19. giant 20. gross 21. generous 22. graceful 23. ghost 24. gaze 25. genius 26. grateful 27. gravity 28. garment 29. genuine 30. gratitude 31. grief 32. gloomy 33. gesture 34. guarantee 35. guidance 36. glitter 37. galaxy 38. guilty 39. govern 40. geology · 高考核心词汇检测 1.Peter knew that he was _________ of lying. A. genuine B. guilty C. glorious D. greedy 2.Do you think this child has a _________ for music? A. government B. gift C. grief D. goal 3.The little boy ______ at the night sky, imagining himself traveling in space by spaceship. A. glanced B. glared C. gazed D. granted 4.His health is _________ improving under the good care of his wife. A. globally B. gradually C. gently D. generally 5.It is generally believed that the watch is ________ for two years. A.guided B. guessed C. gained D. guaranteed 6.The old lady can't hope to _____ her cold in a few days. A.get over B. get off C. hold on D. hold up 7.He is very ________, for he often buys things for other people. A. grievous B. graceful C. generous D. gorgeous 8.He sets aside some time every day to ________ what he has learned. A. get over B. go over C. give out D. give away 9.She began to run a small _________ store after her graduation from university. A.gymnasium B. grocery C. garbage D. geology 10.We are very _________ to our teacher for providing us with many good books. A. glorious B. gross C. gloomy D. grateful 11.If we ____ our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. A. give way to B. get through C. get along/on with D. go in for 12.With the experienced______leading us, we had a good time. A. gambles B. geniuses C. guides D. helicopters 13. He came back after work, parking his car in the __________. A. ghosts B. gymnastics C.garage D.gallery 14. He was delighted that the bank finally __________ a £500 loan to me. A.granted B. gambled C.grabbed D.glided 15. There has been much __________ about the possible reasons for his absence. A.gesture B.guidance C.gossip D.gratitude 参考答案： 1~5 BBCBD 6~10 ACBBD 11~15 ACCAC 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $