上海市同济中学2024-2025学年第二学期4月高三年级模拟质量调研英语学科试卷

**基本信息** 以数字文化遗产保护、多语言认知研究等时代主题为载体，通过语法填空、深度阅读、跨文化写作等题型，融合语言能力与文化意识考查，适配高三二模综合能力评估需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法词汇|20题/20分|时态、从句、非谓语、词义辨析|以“数字非遗保护”“多语言大脑机制”为情境，考查语法准确性与词汇应用| |阅读理解|31题/45分|文化多样性、科技影响、语言习惯|含“数字博物馆”“方言消失”等议题，设推理题与观点分析题，提升思维品质| |翻译|4题/20分|定语从句、倒装、非谓语结构|围绕传统手工艺保护、跨文化交流等，考查语言转换能力| |写作|1题/25分|议论文结构、实例论证|以“传统节日现代适应”为题，要求结合端午、中秋等实例，体现文化传承与创新思维|

上海市同济中学2024-2025学年第二学期高三年级模拟质量调研 英语学科试卷 2025.4 (考试时间 105分钟 试卷满分 115分) 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Digitally Preserving Intangible Cultural Heritage Around the world, traditional crafts, rituals, and oral traditions are disappearing at an alarming rate. According to UNESCO, a language (21)________ (die) approximately every two weeks, taking with it irreplaceable cultural knowledge. In response to this crisis, a growing number of cultural institutions are turning to digital technology as a means of preservation. The process, (22)________ involves using 3D scanning, high-definition video, and virtual reality, allows researchers to create detailed digital records of cultural practices before they vanish. In Japan, for example, master potters (23)________ (record) using motion-capture technology so that future generations can study their exact hand movements. Similarly, in Peru, indigenous communities are working with anthropologists to digitally archive their traditional weaving techniques, (24)________ (ensure) that these skills are not lost forever. What makes these digital archives particularly valuable is (25)________ they capture not just the physical artifact but the entire cultural context surrounding it. A digital record of a traditional dance, for instance, might include the music, the costumes, the ceremonial significance, and interviews with the performers — something (26)________ a simple photograph could never achieve. However, the approach is not without controversy. Some cultural groups argue that (27)________ (digitize) sacred rituals strips them of their spiritual significance and turns living traditions into museum exhibits. There are also practical concerns: once cultural knowledge is stored digitally, (28)________ owns it? These questions, (29)________ remain largely unresolved, will require careful negotiation between technology companies, governments, and indigenous communities. Despite these challenges, digital preservation offers perhaps the best hope for safeguarding the world's intangible cultural heritage. As one archivist noted, "We cannot save everything, (30)________ we can ensure that future generations at least have a record of what was once practiced and valued." Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cognitive B. delay C. profound D. navigate E. retain F. enhance G. multilingual H. equipped I. flexibility J. acquire K. decline The ability to speak multiple languages has long been valued for its practical benefits in travel and career. However, recent neuroscience research suggests that the advantages of bilingualism and multilingualism extend far deeper than convenience — they fundamentally reshape the brain in ways that (31)________ cognitive performance across the entire lifespan. One of the most remarkable findings is that (32)________ individuals show a significant delay in the onset of dementia symptoms. A landmark study involving 684 participants found that those who spoke four or more languages developed Alzheimer's disease an average of five years later than monolinguals. This protective effect suggests that managing multiple language systems creates a (33)________ reserve that keeps the brain resilient even as it ages. The mechanism behind this advantage is believed to be the constant mental (34)________ required to switch between languages. Every time a multilingual speaker chooses the correct word in the right language while suppressing alternatives, they exercise the brain's executive control system. Over decades, this daily workout strengthens neural connections and builds (35)________ cognitive reserves that protect the brain from age-related decline. Children raised in bilingual households also demonstrate measurable advantages. They tend to outperform monolingual peers on tasks that require attention control and mental switching — abilities that are essential for academic success. By the time they reach school age, these children are better (36)________ to filter out distractions and focus on what matters. Critics sometimes argue that learning multiple languages may confuse children and (37)________ their language development. However, decades of research have thoroughly disproven this concern. In reality, bilingual children typically (38)________ vocabulary at the same rate as their monolingual peers, and any slight differences in vocabulary size within each individual language are far outweighed by the cognitive advantages that bilingual children (39)________ throughout their lives. As globalization continues to bring cultures into closer contact, the case for multilingual education grows stronger. In an interconnected world, the ability to (40)________ between languages and cultural perspectives is not just an academic advantage — it is an essential skill for global citizenship. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When Marco arrived in Shanghai from a small town in northern Italy, he carried little more than a suitcase and a head full of expectations — many of which proved wildly (41)________. He had imagined China as a land of ancient temples and silent tea ceremonies; what greeted him instead was a city of dazzling skyscrapers, relentless energy, and digital payments for everything, including a single bottle of water from a street vendor. The first month was a blur of (42)________. Every interaction — ordering food, asking for directions, even greeting neighbors — required enormous mental effort. Marco had studied Mandarin for two years before his arrival, but the (43)________ between textbook Chinese and the rapid-fire Shanghai dialect left him feeling (44)________. He still remembers the embarrassment of accidentally telling a taxi driver he wanted to go to the "soup" instead of the "airport." Despite these early struggles, Marco was (45)________ to adapt. He made a rule for himself: speak only Chinese before noon, no matter how many (46)________ he made. He joined a local table tennis club, where his language skills improved dramatically through the simple necessity of communicating with teammates. His greatest (47)________, however, came from an unexpected source — his landlady, a retired schoolteacher who took it upon herself to correct his tones with the (48)________ patience of someone who had spent decades in the classroom. By his sixth month, Marco began to notice subtle (49)________. He no longer had to mentally translate every sentence before speaking; the words simply came. He started dreaming in Chinese — a milestone that language learners often describe as the moment a language truly (50)________. He had also developed a deep appreciation for the cultural rhythms of his new home: the morning tai chi in the park, the lively bargaining at the wet market, the elaborate rituals of a proper Shanghai dinner. Looking back on his two-year stay, Marco believes the experience fundamentally changed him — not just linguistically but (51)________. Living in China taught him that true cultural understanding is not about memorizing facts but about becoming comfortable with (52)________. "In Italy, we have a saying: the world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page," he reflects. "But I would add that you cannot truly read a page unless you are willing to (53)________ with its language." Now back in Milan, Marco works for a company that facilitates trade between European and Chinese businesses, drawing daily on the cross-cultural skills he acquired abroad. The shy young man who once could not (54)________ a taxi now negotiates multi-million-euro contracts in flawless Mandarin. His story serves as a powerful reminder that the greatest growth often happens when we (55)________ ourselves into unfamiliar worlds and allow those worlds to reshape us. 41. A. accurate B. inaccurate C. reasonable D. modest 42. A. excitement B. boredom C. confusion D. satisfaction 43. A. similarity B. gap C. connection D. agreement 44. A. confident B. helpless C. motivated D. relaxed 45. A. reluctant B. determined C. unable D. forced 46. A. mistakes B. friends C. purchases D. plans 47. A. obstacle B. breakthrough C. misfortune D. distraction 48. A. limited B. endless C. impatient D. occasional 49. A. shifts B. difficulties C. regrets D. failures 50. A. takes root B. falls apart C. breaks down D. gives up 51. A. physically B. personally C. professionally D. temporarily 52. A. certainty B. uncertainty C. familiarity D. simplicity 53. A. struggle B. argue C. compete D. disagree 54. A. drive B. hail C. repair D. recognize 55. A. isolate B. immerse C. protect D. remove Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Museums in the Digital Age: Transformation or Survival? When the Louvre launched its first online virtual tour in 2020, more than ten million people visited the digital galleries within the first month — nearly twice the number of physical visitors the museum receives in an entire year. This staggering figure highlights a fundamental shift in how cultural institutions are reimagining their relationship with the public in the digital age. The transformation goes far beyond simply uploading photographs of artworks. Advanced museums are now deploying augmented reality that allows visitors to see ancient artifacts restored to their original colors, artificial intelligence that creates personalized tour routes based on individual interests, and immersive virtual reality experiences that transport users to historical moments. The Metropolitan Museum of Art's "Met Unframed" initiative, for instance, enables smartphone users to place digital replicas of famous paintings in their own living rooms, effectively turning every home into a private gallery. Advocates of digital transformation argue that these innovations democratize access to culture. A student in rural India can now examine the brushstrokes of a Van Gogh painting in greater detail than a visitor standing behind a barrier in the physical museum. Digital archives also serve as a crucial safeguard against disaster: when the National Museum of Brazil was devastated by fire in 2018, digital records of many destroyed artifacts became the only surviving documentation of priceless cultural heritage. However, critics raise important concerns. Some worry that the convenience of digital access may reduce the motivation for physical museum visits, potentially undermining the financial model that sustains these institutions. Others argue that no digital reproduction can replicate the emotional impact of standing before an authentic artwork — the sense of awe that comes from proximity to something created by human hands centuries ago. The texture of a painting, the scale of a sculpture, the atmosphere of a historic building: these are dimensions that screens cannot convey. Perhaps the most productive approach is not to see digital and physical experiences as competitors but as complementary dimensions of a modern museum's mission. As one museum director put it, "The digital experience should be a gateway, not a replacement. Its purpose is to spark curiosity that ultimately leads people through our physical doors." In this vision, museums of the future will be hybrid institutions, using technology to extend their reach while preserving the irreplaceable power of authentic encounter. 56. What does the example of the Louvre's virtual tour illustrate? A. Digital museums have completely replaced physical visits. B. Online museum experiences can attract enormous audiences. C. The Louvre is more popular online than any other museum. D. Physical museum attendance has been declining for years. 57. According to the passage, the "Met Unframed" initiative allows users to ________. A. create their own artworks using AI technology B. view digital replicas of paintings in their personal space C. take guided virtual tours led by museum curators D. purchase high-quality reproductions of famous artworks 58. The word "safeguard" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. A. replacement B. protection C. improvement D. exhibition 59. What is the author's conclusion about the relationship between digital and physical museum experiences? A. Digital experiences will eventually replace physical visits entirely. B. Physical museums should resist digital transformation to preserve authenticity. C. Digital and physical experiences should complement each other. D. The financial model of museums must be completely restructured. (B) The Quiet Disappearance of the World's Dialects Every two weeks, the last speaker of a language dies, taking with them a unique way of understanding the world. While global attention often focuses on the extinction of plant and animal species, the parallel loss of linguistic diversity receives comparatively little notice. Yet by UNESCO's count, more than 40% of the world's approximately 7,000 languages are currently at risk of disappearing by the end of this century. The primary driver of this linguistic erosion is urbanization. As rural populations migrate to cities in search of economic opportunity, they often abandon regional dialects in favor of dominant urban languages. A farmer who moves from a village in Yunnan province to Kunming, for example, may switch from speaking a local Yi dialect to standard Mandarin within a single generation. Their children, born in the city, may never learn the ancestral language at all. The loss is not merely linguistic but cultural and scientific. Each language encodes specialized knowledge about local ecosystems, medicinal plants, and sustainable resource management that has been accumulated over thousands of years. When the last speaker of the Kallawaya language in Bolivia dies, for instance, centuries of knowledge about Andean medicinal plants — knowledge used by healer-priests for generations — will vanish with them. However, some communities are fighting back with remarkable creativity. In New Zealand, the Maori language was once predicted to disappear, but a comprehensive revitalization effort involving "language nests" — preschools where elders speak exclusively Maori to children — has brought the language back from the brink. In Hawaii, similar immersion programs have increased the number of fluent Hawaiian speakers from fewer than 50 in the 1980s to over 18,000 today. Digital technology is also playing a role: smartphone apps now allow speakers of endangered languages to record vocabulary and grammar, creating living digital archives that can be passed to future generations. Dr. K. David Harrison, a linguist who has spent decades documenting endangered languages, remains cautiously optimistic. "Language loss is not inevitable," he observes. "We have seen that when communities decide their language matters and are given the resources to preserve it, reversal is possible. The question is whether we as a global society value linguistic diversity enough to invest in its survival." 60. According to the passage, what is the main cause of dialect disappearance? A. The rise of digital communication and social media. B. Urbanization and migration to cities. C. Government policies that ban regional languages. D. The natural evolution of all human languages over time. 61. Why does the author mention the Kallawaya language in paragraph 3? A. To illustrate that language loss also means the loss of specialized cultural knowledge. B. To argue that Bolivia has the highest rate of language extinction. C. To demonstrate that ancient languages are more complex than modern ones. D. To suggest that only South American languages are truly endangered. 62. What can be inferred about the Maori and Hawaiian language revitalization efforts? A. They have been largely unsuccessful despite significant funding. B. They rely primarily on government legislation rather than community action. C. They demonstrate that language loss can be reversed with sustained effort. D. They prove that digital technology is the only effective preservation method. 63. What is Dr. Harrison's attitude toward the future of endangered languages? A. Deeply pessimistic and resigned to widespread language loss. B. Cautiously hopeful if communities and society invest in preservation. C. Completely confident that all endangered languages can be saved. D. Indifferent, viewing language loss as a natural historical process. (C) How Social Media Is Rewiring Our Reading Habits A decade ago, the typical person's daily reading consisted of a morning newspaper, perhaps a chapter of a novel before bed, and various work-related documents in between. Today, that same person likely consumes tens of thousands of words per day — but in radically different forms: tweets, captions, notifications, headlines, and endless scrolls of short-form content. We are, by some measures, reading more than ever. But the question increasingly being asked by educators, psychologists, and neuroscientists is whether we are reading differently — and whether that difference matters. The evidence suggests it does. Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles have used brain imaging to compare the neural activity of people reading a novel versus those scrolling through social media feeds. Deep reading of narrative text activated brain regions associated with language processing, empathy, and complex reasoning. In contrast, skimming through social media primarily engaged areas linked to visual processing and rapid decision-making — the brain's "scan and switch" mode. Maryanne Wolf, a cognitive neuroscientist at UCLA and author of "Reader, Come Home," argues that the brain's reading circuits are not fixed but plastic, shaped by the type of reading we practice. "We are training our brains to skim, to bounce from one piece of information to the next without ever diving deep," she warns. "And the neural pathways for deep reading, if not regularly exercised, begin to weaken — just like an underused muscle." The consequences extend beyond individual cognition. Long-form reading cultivates patience, the ability to follow complex arguments, and the capacity to inhabit perspectives different from one's own — all qualities essential to a functioning democratic society. When citizens lose the habit of sustained, critical engagement with text, they may become more susceptible to misinformation and less capable of nuanced political reasoning. The solution, most experts agree, is not to abandon digital media but to cultivate a balanced reading diet. Just as nutritionists recommend a variety of foods for physical health, cognitive scientists increasingly advocate for a mix of reading modes: fast and slow, digital and print, skimming and deep diving. "The goal," Wolf says, "is to develop a biliterate brain — one that can adapt its reading style to the demands of the task, moving fluidly between the rapid scanning suited to a news feed and the deep immersion required by a complex novel." Whether our education systems and cultural habits can support this dual literacy remains an open and urgent question. 64. According to the UCLA brain imaging research, deep reading of narrative text primarily activates brain regions associated with ________. A. visual processing and rapid decision-making B. language processing, empathy, and complex reasoning C. motor coordination and physical movement D. short-term memory and pattern recognition 65. Maryanne Wolf compares the neural pathways for deep reading to ________. A. a computer processor that can be upgraded B. a muscle that weakens if not exercised C. a river that changes course over time D. a library that expands with each new book 66. What societal concern does the author raise about declining deep reading habits? A. People may spend more money on digital devices. B. Bookstores and libraries may eventually close down. C. Citizens may become more vulnerable to misinformation. D. Social media companies may gain too much political influence. 67. What does Wolf mean by a "biliterate brain"? A. A brain that can read in two different languages equally well. B. A brain capable of switching between skimming and deep reading as needed. C. A brain that prefers digital text over printed materials. D. A brain that can process information faster than the average reader. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence chosen from the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Cultural Diversity in an Age of Globalization Globalization has connected the world in ways our grandparents could scarcely have imagined. Products, ideas, and cultural expressions now flow across borders with unprecedented speed. (68)________ On one hand, this exchange enriches societies with new foods, music, art forms, and perspectives; on the other, it raises concerns about cultural homogenization — the fear that local traditions and identities will be swallowed by a global monoculture. Critics of globalization often point to the spread of American fast-food chains, Hollywood movies, and English-language pop music as evidence of cultural imperialism. (69)________ In Japan, for example, baseball — an American import — has been thoroughly Japanized over more than a century, becoming intertwined with local values of discipline, teamwork, and respect. Similarly, South Korean pop music, or K-pop, borrows heavily from American hip-hop and electronic dance music but infuses these genres with distinctly Korean aesthetics and training systems. Moreover, globalization can actually revitalize local cultures rather than destroy them. When a traditional craft or performance gains international recognition, it often experiences a revival at home. (70)________ The global popularity of yoga is another example: while some lament its commercialization, the international interest has also funded the preservation of classical yoga traditions in India that might otherwise have declined. The key to maintaining cultural diversity in a globalized world may lie in what sociologists call "glocalization" — the adaptation of global influences to local contexts. (71)________ When communities feel secure in their cultural identity, they are more likely to engage with outside influences creatively rather than defensively. Ultimately, cultures have always borrowed from one another. What is different today is the speed and scale of the exchange, not the fundamental process. The challenge for the twenty-first century is not to stop cultural cross-pollination — an impossible task — but to ensure that the benefits of cultural exchange are shared equitably and that no culture is forced to sacrifice its identity in the process. A. This phenomenon recognizes that cultural exchange is never a one-way street but a process of creative adaptation. B. But history shows that cultures rarely adopt foreign influences wholesale without adapting them to local sensibilities. C. This has sparked an intense debate about whether cultural diversity is under threat. D. The economic benefits of cultural tourism have transformed many developing nations. E. For instance, the international fashion industry's interest in traditional Chinese embroidery has led to a surge of young people in China learning this ancient craft. F. The disappearance of minority languages has accelerated dramatically in the last century. III. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 那位致力于保护传统手工艺的老人是我最敬重的人。(who) 73. 只有当我们真正理解不同文化背后的价值观时，才能实现有效的跨文化交流。(Only...) 74. 漫步在这座千年古镇中，游客们可以感受到深厚的历史气息。(非谓语) 75. 如果更多年轻人选择学习方言而不是放弃它，这些宝贵的文化遗产就不会濒临失传。(if...would...) IV. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 近年来，一些传统节日（如端午节、中秋节等）的庆祝方式正在发生变化。请以"Should Traditional Festivals Adapt to Modern Lifestyles?"为题，用英语写一篇短文，内容包括： 1. 简述传统节日在现代社会中面临的挑战； 2. 结合具体例子说明你认为传统节日是否应该适应现代生活； 3. 提出你的建议。 (注意：文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称) 参考答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A: 21. dies 22. which 23. have been recorded / are being recorded 24. ensuring 25. that 26. that 27. digitizing 28. who 29. which 30. but Section B: 31. F (enhance) 32. G (multilingual) 33. A (cognitive) 34. I (flexibility) 35. C (profound) 36. H (equipped) 37. B (delay) 38. J (acquire) 39. E (retain) 40. D (navigate) Unused: K (decline) II. Reading Comprehension Section A (Cloze): 41. B (inaccurate) 42. C (confusion) 43. B (gap) 44. B (helpless) 45. B (determined) 46. A (mistakes) 47. B (breakthrough) 48. B (endless) 49. A (shifts) 50. A (takes root) 51. B (personally) 52. B (uncertainty) 53. A (struggle) 54. B (hail) 55. B (immerse) Section B: (A) 56. B 57. B 58. B 59. C (B) 60. B 61. A 62. C 63. B (C) 64. B 65. B 66. C 67. B Section C: 68. C 69. B 70. E 71. A III. Translation 72. The old man who is devoted to preserving traditional crafts is the person I respect most. 73. Only when we truly understand the values behind different cultures can we achieve effective cross-cultural communication. 74. Wandering through this thousand-year-old ancient town, visitors can feel a profound sense of history. 75. If more young people chose to learn dialects instead of abandoning them, these precious cultural heritages would not be on the verge of extinction. IV. Guided Writing Sample essay (for reference only): Should Traditional Festivals Adapt to Modern Lifestyles? Traditional festivals face undeniable challenges in the modern world. The fast pace of urban life leaves little time for elaborate celebrations, and the cultural significance of many festivals is gradually fading among younger generations. For example, many young people view the Dragon Boat Festival simply as a day off rather than an occasion to honor the poet Qu Yuan and appreciate traditional customs. In my opinion, traditional festivals should adapt to modern lifestyles, but this adaptation must preserve their core cultural meaning. The Mid-Autumn Festival offers a good example: while families today may not gather in courtyards to admire the moon as they once did, they can still share mooncakes and connect via video calls with relatives far away. The form changes, but the essence — family reunion and togetherness — remains intact. I suggest that schools and communities play a more active role in teaching young people the stories and values behind traditional festivals. When we understand why we celebrate, we can find creative ways to keep these traditions alive in forms that resonate with contemporary life, ensuring that they continue to enrich our cultural identity for generations to come. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $