Unit 4 第2课时 Pronunciation-2e （Word试题版）【高效课堂】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语同步导学案作业手册（人教版·新教材）

该初中英语导学案围绕第二课时Pronunciation-2e展开，核心涵盖语音辨析、词汇运用及基础句型。课堂通过发音题巩固语音知识，衔接词汇填空和汉译英搭建基础，为能力提升的阅读与综合练习提供学习支架。 资料采用分层设计，A级基础闯关夯实基础，B级能力提升拓展思维，详细解析助力学生理解。阅读理解与完形填空锻炼语言能力和思维品质，词汇句型练习提升学习能力，适合学生自主学习及教师评估教学效果。

第二课时 Pronunciation-2e 基础闯关 课后巩固·A级 Ⅰ. 选出与所给单词画线部分读音相同的一项。 1. coin A. rain B. light C. join D. happy 2. stay A. train B. sit C. toy D. my 3. high A. say B. cat C. joy D. fight 4. my A. day B. fly C. destroy D. hat 5. play A. great B. climb C. boy D. city Ⅱ. 根据句意，从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。 actual tool good appear popular 6. The ________ of fresh fruits and vegetables helps keep us healthy. 7. I thought the movie would be boring, but it was ________ really exciting. 8. The sun ________ from behind the clouds after the rain stopped. 9. This song is very ________ among teenagers these days. 10. AI is bringing more help to the art world as a useful ________. Ⅲ. 根据所给汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 11. 我祖母送给我一把漂亮的折扇作为礼物。 My grandmother gave me a beautiful ________ ________ as a gift. 12. 如果你有任何问题，请随时问我。 If you have any questions, ________ ________ ________ ________ me. 13. 我们长大后，会发现爱就是彼此分享。 When we grow up, we will find that love is ________ ________ one another. 14. 竹笋是熊猫的主要食物，这是人所共知的。 It is well known that ________ ________ are a panda’s main food. 能力提升 课后巩固·B级 Ⅳ. 阅读理解。 Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight, but animals and men can’t. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Men get their food by eating plants and animals too. So animals and men need plants to live. This is why there are so many plants around us. There are two kinds of plants：flowering plants and non-flowering (无花) plants. Almost all the trees around us have flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants don’t grow flowers. You can’t see many non-flowering plants around you. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you’ll find that there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are very big and some are very small. Most of them are green. We can live on the earth because of the plants around us. 15. We need many plants around us because ________. A. plants can grow easily B. plants are green C. we can get what we need from plants D. we like all kinds of plants 16. There are ________ non-flowering plants than flowering plants around us. A. much fewer B. much more C. much larger D. much better 17. Which of the following doesn’t come from a plant? A. Basket. B. Bread. C. Cabbage. D. Stones. 18. The best title for this passage may be ________. A. Food from Plants B. Plants Make Food C. Men and Animals D. Plants around us Ⅴ. 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 they search because one seed sunlight hobby happen come water Do you like planting? Planting flowers is one of my favourite ____19____. Recently, I take up a new hobby — gardening. I think it can make me feel relaxed and I can learn something new from it. Two months ago, I bought some flower ____20____. Before starting to plant, I ____21____ the Internet for the steps of planting. ____22____, dig some holes in the ground. Then, put the seeds in and cover ____23____ with soil. Third, water the seeds every few days. Last, don’t put a cover on the ground and keep the seeds in ____24____. I followed these steps. After a few days, nothing ____25____. But I didn’t give up and I kept ____26____ them. Ten days later, I saw some young plants ____27____ out. Yesterday, I found a small flower bud. I felt very excited ____28____ I could grow something. It’s really pleasant to plant flowers. Do you want to have a try? Ⅵ. 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求） Can plants eat people? Probably not. But there are many plants that eat meat. Some of them are big, and they can eat small animals. One famous meat-eating plant is the Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the United States. Its leaves are like the pages of a book. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If an insect touches one of the hairs, the leaves close quickly. The insect cannot get out. In about half an hour, the leaves press (挤压) the insect until it is dead. Then, the plant covers the insect with a special liquid (液体). Slowly, the plant eats the insect. Plants are living things that have leaves and roots. Most of them get energy from the sun, the air, and the ground. In some places, the ground is very poor. It doesn’t have all the important things that plants need, especially nitrogen (氮). Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen, so many plants eat meat to get what they need. Let’s hope that some of the bigger plants don’t get the same idea! 29. The Venus flytrap is a famous plant because ________________. (不超过5词) 30. In some places, some plants get energy from animal meat because ________________. (不超过10词) 31. What does the underlined word “They” mean in the passage? ________________ (不超过5词) 第二课时 Pronunciation-2e 基础闯关 课后巩固·A级 Ⅰ. 【1~5题答案】 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 【解析】 【1题详解】 coin中划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，rain划线部分发音为/eɪ/，light划线部分发音为/aɪ/，join划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，happy划线部分发音为/æ/。 【2题详解】 stay中划线部分发音为/eɪ/，train划线部分发音为/eɪ/，sit划线部分发音为/ɪ/，toy划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，my划线部分发音为/aɪ/。 【3题详解】 high中划线部分发音为/aɪ/，say划线部分发音为/eɪ/，cat划线部分发音为/æ/，joy划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，fight划线部分发音为/aɪ/。 【4题详解】 my中划线部分发音为/aɪ/，day划线部分发音为/eɪ/，fly划线部分发音为/aɪ/，destroy划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，hat划线部分发音为/æ/。 【5题详解】 play中划线部分发音为/eɪ/，great划线部分发音为/eɪ/，climb划线部分发音为/aɪ/，boy划线部分发音为/ɔɪ/，city划线部分发音为/ɪ/。 Ⅱ. 【6~10题答案】 【答案】6. goodness 7. actually 8. appeared 9. popular 10. tool 【解析】 【6题详解】 句意：新鲜水果和蔬菜的益处有助于我们保持健康。此处需要一个名词，在句中作主语，且被定冠词The修饰；备选词good是形容词，意为“好的”，要表达“益处、好处”的含义，需变为名词形式goodness。 【7题详解】 句意：我原以为这部电影会很无聊，但它实际上非常令人兴奋。此处需要一个副词，用来修饰整个形容词短语really exciting，表示对事实的强调，呼应前半句“原以为会无聊”的预期反差；备选词actual是形容词，意为“实际的”，需变为副词形式actually，意为“实际上”。 【8题详解】 句意：雨停之后，太阳从云层后面露了出来。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语；备选词appear是动词，意为“出现”，根据句中时间状语从句“after the rain stopped”可知，时态应为一般过去时，需变为过去式appeared。 【9题详解】 句意：这首歌如今在青少年中非常流行。此处需要一个形容词，在系动词is后作表语，用来描述主语This song的特征；备选词popular是形容词，意为“流行的”，符合“歌曲在青少年中受欢迎”的语境。 【10题详解】 句意：作为一种有用的工具，人工智能正在为艺术界带来更多帮助。此处需要一个名词，被形容词useful修饰，且被不定冠词a限定；备选词tool是名词，意为“工具”，符合“AI作为艺术领域的工具”这一语境，空前有a修饰，需使用单数形式。 Ⅲ. 根据所给汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 【11题答案】 【答案】 ①. folding ②. fan 【解析】 【详解】原句中“折扇”是关键词，“折扇”的英文表达是folding fan，用形容词性的现在分词folding修饰名词fan，a后跟可数名词单数，故fan用单数形式。 【12题答案】 【答案】 ①. feel ②. free ③. to ④. ask 【解析】 【详解】原句中“随时问我”是关键词，表示“随意做某事”的短语是feel free to do sth.，此句为主祈从现的结构，第一空是动词原形feel，“问”译为ask，放在to后面用动词原形。 【13题答案】 【答案】 ①. sharing ②. with 【解析】 【详解】原句中“和……分享”是关键词，表示“和……分享”的短语是share with。本句为一般现在时，句中is为系动词，后接动名词作表语，share的动名词为sharing。 【14题答案】 【答案】 ①. bamboo ②. shoots 【解析】 【详解】原句中“竹笋”是关键词，“竹子”为bamboo，“笋”即“嫩芽”用shoot，根据are可知该从句的主语为复数名词，shoot变为复数shoots，而bamboo修饰shoot，作名词定语，仍用单数形式。 能力提升 课后巩固·B级 Ⅳ. 阅读理解。 【15~18题答案】 【答案】15. C 16. A 17. D 18. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物的重要性、植物的两大分类以及我们身边的植物。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。文中第一段提到“Plants are very important ... Men get their food by eating plants and animals too. So animals and men need plants to live.”，说明我们需要植物，是因为可以从植物中获取生存所需的食物等资源。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。文中第二段提到“Almost all the trees around us have flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants don’t grow flowers. You can’t see many non-flowering plants around you.”，说明我们身边的无花植物比有花植物少得多。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。篮子（Basket）多由植物纤维编织而成，面包（Bread）由谷物（植物）制成，卷心菜（Cabbage）是蔬菜（植物），而石头（Stones）来自矿物，不是植物产物。 【18题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕“我们身边的植物”展开，既讲了植物的重要性，也介绍了植物的分类和我们身边的植物，因此最佳标题是“Plants around us”。 Ⅴ. 【19~28题答案】 【答案】19. hobbies 20. seeds 21. searched 22. First 23. them 24. sunlight 25. happened 26. watering 27. come 28. because 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者种花的经历。 【19题详解】 句意：你喜欢种花吗？种花是我最喜欢的爱好之一。根据“Planting flowers is one of my favourite ...”可知，此处表示我最喜欢的爱好之一，备选词hobby“爱好”，one of + 可数名词复数， hobby的复数形式是hobbies。 【20题详解】 句意：两个月前，我买了一些花种子。根据“some flower ...”可知，此处指“一些花种子”，seed“种子”，some后跟可数名词的复数形式，seed的复数为seeds。 【21题详解】 句意：在开始种植之前，我上网查找种植步骤。根据“Two months ago”及“... the Internet for the steps of planting”可知，search for“查找”，这里是过去的事，需用一般过去时；search的过去式是searched。 【22题详解】 句意：首先，在土里挖一些坑。根据后文的“Then”及“Third”等词可知，这里是第一步，需用序数词。one“一”，为基数词，其序数词为first，位于句首时，首字母需大写。 【23题详解】 句意：然后，把种子放进去，用土盖住它们。根据“ put the seeds in ... and cover ...”可知，这里指用土盖住他们（种子），the seeds是复数，cover后面用宾格，they的宾格为them。 【24题详解】 句意：最后，不要盖住泥土，让种子晒到阳光。根据“don’t put a cover on the ground and keep the seeds in ... ”可知，此处指“让种子晒到阳光”。sunlight“阳光”，符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：过了好几天，什么变化都没有发生。根据“I followed these steps. After a few days, nothing ...”可知，此处指“什么变化都没发生”，happen“发生”，句子时态为一般过去时，happen的过去式为happened。 【26题详解】 句意：但是我没有放弃，坚持给它们浇水。根据句意及“kept”可知，此处表示“持续浇水”，water“浇水”，keep doing sth“坚持做某事”，water的动名词为watering。 【27题详解】 句意：昨天，我看到一些幼苗长出来了。根据“some young plants ... out”可知，此处表示一些幼苗长出来了。come out意为“发芽”，为固定搭配。come的过去式为come。 【28题详解】 句意：我特别开心，因为我自己种出了东西。根据后文“I could grow something”可知，后文解释感到兴奋的原因，用because连接原因状语从句。 Ⅵ. 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求） 【29~31题答案】 【答案】29. it can eat meat / small animals 30. they can get (a lot of) nitrogen from animals / animal meat 31. The Venus flytrap’s leaves. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了食肉植物维纳斯捕蝇草，讲述了它的生长环境、捕食方式以及以食肉方式获取生长所需养分的原因。 【29题详解】 文章首段最后一句明确指出“One famous meat-eating plant is the Venus flytrap.”，结合前文“But there are many plants that eat meat.”可知，维纳斯捕蝇草是著名的食肉植物，这是其出名的原因，答案可直接从原文核心信息提炼。 【30题详解】 文章第三段说明“the ground is very poor. It doesn’t have all the important things that plants need, especially nitrogen. Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen, so many plants eat meat to get what they need.”，由此可知，一些地方的植物从动物肉中获取能量是因为土地贫瘠，缺乏氮元素，而动物肉富含氮，答案应对这一因果关系的精准概括。 【31题详解】 划线单词“They”所在句前一句“Its leaves are like the pages of a book.”，紧接着描述“They can open and close very quickly.”，可知此处的They指代的是前文提到的维纳斯捕蝇草的叶子，答案直接提取指代对象即可。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $