内容正文:
必修第二册
UNIT 4 Stage and screen
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
语法填空
Not only is Tina always optimistic and energetic but she also tries her best ____1____ (overcome) her shortcomings. Whenever ____2____ (see) others extremely angry, disappointed or suffering from anger or grief, she definitely tries to transform their negative emotions by saying it is normal for people to have mood swings, for ____3____ many people are grateful. Of course, never is she rude to those around her. ____4____ (absorb) in learning, she behaves well in study and never disappoints her parents. ____5____ seems that she has the incredible ability to live up to her parents’ ____6____ (expect). She is definitely romantic and appealing. ____7____ (brief), you’ll never feel awkward with her. Besides, she can combine her studies with extra-curricular ____8____(activity) and make the most scientific arrangements and she thinks after-class activities are an escape from the boredom of daily life. For example, she once put on a dazzling ballet performance on the talent show, where all the audience ____9____ (clap) and applauded her explosively. ____10____ is equally important is that she shoulders her responsibility bravely. In her spare time, she is on the edge of her seat when she enjoys every episode of romantic comedies and documentaries as well as Beijing Opera, in which the actors’ meaning can get across through exaggerated movements, mimes and backflip. To some extent, she becomes more and more excellent in her own right and she is absolutely the envy of everyone in almost every aspect.
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 grateful adj. 感谢的,感激的(gratefully adv. 感激地gratitude n. 感激)
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
11. 我热泪盈眶,感激地对出租车司机说:“我非常感谢你为我所做的一切。”
With my eyes brimming with tears, I said to the taxi driver ________, “I ________ what you have done for me.”
12. 我很感激被给予这次机会给这些交换生表演节目。
________ to put on the performance for these exchange students.
(应用文写作之求助信)
13. 如果我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物,我将非常感激。
________ my pet in my absence.
2 escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离;逃避,摆脱;被遗忘n. 逃脱;逃避
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
14. 我们不知道怎样从黑暗的山洞里逃出去,浑身发抖,牙齿打战。
Not knowing ________, we quivered all over, with our teeth chattering.
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
15. 虽然我们死里逃生,幸运地躲过了饥饿的北极熊的伤害,但我们还是吓得喘不过气来。
Although we ________, fortunately ________ by the hungry polar bear, we still panted with extreme fright.
(2025·北京卷)
16. 为了逃避越来越大的压力,我不顾一切地招供了。
In a desperate attempt to ________, I falsely confessed.
3 absorbed adj. 专心致志的(absorb vt. 吸收;理解;吸引,使专心;缓冲 absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的,引人入胜的)
17. As we all know, plants can definitely absorb nutrients ________ the earth around it. (用适当的词填空)
18. This kind of cream is easily absorbed ________ skin, which lives up to customers’ expectations. (用适当的词填空)
(2023·浙江1月,读后续写)
19. 蜂鸟发出一声吱吱的叫声,似乎是在试图吸引我的注意力。
The hummingbird uttered a squeaking call and it seemed as if she was trying to ________.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
20. 我全神贯注地为这场写作比赛写文章,几乎忘了吃饭和睡觉。
①I ________ and I almost forgot about eating or sleeping.
②________, I almost forgot about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
③________, I almost forgot about eating or sleeping.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
用法点拨 表示“专心于……;集中注意力于……”的短语还有:focus one’s attention on, apply oneself to, concentrate one’s attention on, be lost in, be buried in, be devoted to, be dedicated to等。
4 appealing adj. 有吸引力的,有趣的(appeal v. & n. 呼吁,恳请;有吸引力;上诉,申诉)
21. This episode of the fictional comedy is absolutely the most ________ (appeal) one I have ever watched and I am on the edge of my seat, unable to control my emotions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(应用文写作之倡议书)
22. 我们向学生会呼吁更多的课外活动,这不仅会丰富我们的校园生活,也会加强我们的友谊。
We ________________, which can not only enrich our campus life but also strengthen our friendship.
(2022·天津6月,书面表达)
23. 正如短片所展示的那样,英语口语俱乐部自成立以来吸引了无数的学生。几乎所有的俱乐部成员都能与外国人自由交流,所以我呼吁你们马上加入我们的俱乐部。
Just as is shown in the short video clip, the Spoken English Club ________________ since it was established. Almost all the club members can communicate with foreigners freely, so I ________________.
5 disappointed adj. 失望的,沮丧的(disappoint v. 使失望/沮丧 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. [U]失望;[C]令人失望的人或事物)
24. To my ________, my daughter behaved badly and facing her rude, awkward and ________ behavior, I was extremely overcome with anger and sadness. (disappoint) (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
25. 我很失望地发现,我被分配到一个竞争激烈、严肃的家伙身边工作,我几乎要哭了。虽然我对这个结果感到失望,但我必须鼓起勇气,坚持到底。
I ________________ I was assigned to work with the fiercely competitive and serious guy and I was on the edge of crying. While I ________________, I had to pluck up my courage and tough it out.
6 behave v. 表现[behavio(u)r n. 行为;表现;举止]
26. Explosive claps came for children’s good ________ (behave) and each child promised to behave well ________ others on every occasion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(话题写作之传统习俗)
27. 强烈建议你参加晚宴时,举止得体。作为举止得体的客人,你不应该把筷子插在食物里,或者用筷子指着其他人。
It is highly recommended that ________________ when attending feasts. ________________, you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.
7 absence n. 缺乏;没有(absent adj. 缺席的,不在场的;心不在焉的)
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
28. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(应用文写作之道歉信)
29. 我写这封信是为了向你道歉,因为没有参加英语俱乐部的活动。
I am writing to make an apology to you ________.
(读后续写之升华句)
30. 这就是我的妈妈,有时心不在焉、健忘,然而总是充满爱心。
Such is my mother, who ________, yet always loving.
用法点拨 absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
8 so... that... The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!
那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声音调之高,我觉得都能震碎玻璃了!
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
31. 听了他的话,我激动得目瞪口呆,两脚一动也不能动。
On hearing his words, ________ I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet couldn’t move an inch.
(2024·北京,书面表达)
32. 在过去的75年里,中国取得了如此多的杰出成就,以至于你不知道你应该关注哪个方面,所以我写信给你一些建议。
There are ________ you have no idea which aspect you should focus on, so I am writing to offer you some suggestions.
(2022·浙江6月,应用文写作)
33. 小组学习室是一个非常吸引人的地方,很多学生都会聚集在那里,以进一步提高他们的学习水平。
The group study room is ________ many students will gather there to further improve their learning level.
(图画作文)
34. 图片描绘了一个男孩背负着如此沉重的家庭作业,以至于他似乎再也无法忍受了。
As is shown in the picture, a boy is burdened with ________ it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Next month I will put on① a performance, but recently I have put on② some weight. As a result, every day I put on③ sunscreen, put on④ my sun hat, put on⑤ my sneakers and put on⑥ my favorite songs on my cellphone and begin to jog to lose weight.
①____35____②____36____③____37____④____38____⑤____39____⑥____40____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
My son has been absorbing① himself in absorbing② more knowledge by reading every day. Now he knows that one hectare of forest can absorb③ about 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year and that well-designed sports shoes should absorb④ the impact on the feet.
①____41____②____42____③____43____④____44____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
He appealed① the case five times, always losing, which appealed② to the public’s attention. So he made an appeal③ to the public to do him a favor.
①____45____②____46____③____47____
Ⅱ. 单元知识应用
48. It’s rude ________ the soldier to behave so proudly when people speak to him. (用适当的词填空)
49. We would be grateful ________ the data that you gave us without hesitation. (用适当的词填空)
50. ________ (absorb) in painting, the master painter didn’t notice evening approaching. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. We tried to persuade him to make ________ (arrange) for you to be met at the airport but failed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. All the volunteers who got involved in the race were young and ________ (energy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. I have created an ideal way to get my message ________ and I am writing to share it with you. (用适当的词填空)
54. Only by combining theory ________ practice can we achieve our ultimate goal. (用适当的词填空)
55. ________(disappoint) to learn that I couldn’t represent my school, I buried my face in my hands. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. I finally persuaded him not to be ________ (absence) from school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. It is normal for teenagers ________ (be) full of tension with the end-of-term examination approaching. (所给词的适当形式填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练—剧本改编
58. 假定你是李华,你和同学根据英语课文改编了一部短剧。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导。内容包括:
1. 剧情简介;
2. 指导内容;
3. 商定时间地点。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
59. 我写信是想就我们改编自英语课文的短剧征求您的帮助。(不定式作状语)(汉译英)
____________________________________________
60. 我们正在全神贯注地改编一个引人入胜的故事,故事开始于一个名叫哈克贝利费恩(Huckleberry Finn)的男孩,他离家出走,和他的朋友吉姆住在密西西比河(the Mississippi River)上的一个木筏上。(be absorbed in;appealing;定语从句)(汉译英)
____________________________________________
61. 吉姆被两个男人欺骗,被卖到农场,所以费恩和他的朋友汤姆索亚(Tom Sawyer)制定了一个计划来帮助他逃离农场。(escape from;过去分词短语作状语)(汉译英)
____________________________________________
62. 情节的词汇和语法是如此具有挑战性,我们迫切需要你的帮助。(so ... that ... 的倒装句)(汉译英)
____________________________________________
63. 如果您能给我们一些专业的建议,我们将不胜感激。(grateful)(汉译英)
____________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
____________________________________________
语料运用 【舞台表演】
____64____ (with的复合结构), I paced back and forth backstage. When my name was called, ____65____ (倒装句) I felt my throat tight, my mouth dry and my legs trembling uncontrollably. ____66____ (过去分词短语作状语), I almost wanted to escape from the stage. However, I wobbled onto the stage, ____67____ (独立主格). Awkward and nervous, I forced a smile and glanced at the audience. To encourage me, the audience clapped explosively, which melted away my inner anxiety. Beyond my expectations, my performance went smoothly and the audience were ____68____, ____69____ (独立主格).
我忐忑不安,心脏狂跳,手心冒汗,在后台来回踱步。当叫到我的名字时,我太紧张了,以至于感到喉咙发紧,口干舌燥,双腿不受控制地颤抖。由于极度不安,我几乎想逃离舞台。然而,我踉跄着走上舞台,心都提到嗓子眼儿了。我又尴尬又紧张,挤出一丝微笑,扫视了一下观众。为了鼓励我,观众们爆发出热烈的掌声,这消除了我内心的焦虑。出乎意料的是,我的表演很顺利,观众们非常激动,他们都为我的吸引人的表演喝彩。
必修第二册
UNIT 4 Stage and screen
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. to overcome
2. seeing 3. which
4. Absorbed
5. It 6. expectations
7. Briefly 8. activities
9. clapped 10. What
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了Tina乐观积极、全面发展的优秀品质。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:Tina不仅总是乐观且精力充沛,还尽最大努力克服自己的缺点。try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”,是固定搭配;不定式作目的状语。故填to overcome。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:每当看到别人极度愤怒、失望或遭受痛苦时,她总会努力转化他们的负面情绪。这里Whenever seeing others ...是省略结构,完整形式为Whenever she sees others ...;逻辑主语she与see为主动关系,故用现在分词;see的现在分词为seeing。故填seeing。
【3题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:她总会努力转化他们的负面情绪,说人们有情绪波动是正常的,对此很多人都心怀感激。根据句意可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,且关系词在从句中作介词for的宾语,指代前面整个句子“it is normal for people to have mood swings”。故填which。
【4题详解】
考查形容词。句意:全神贯注于学习,她在学业上表现优异,从不令父母失望。(be) absorbed in ...意为“全神贯注于……”是固定搭配,absorb的形容词形式为absorbed;作原因状语,修饰主语she,句首首字母大写。故填Absorbed。
【5题详解】
考查固定句型。句意:她似乎拥有不辜负父母期望的非凡能力。It seems that ... 意为“似乎……”是固定句型,It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,句首首字母大写。故填It。
【6题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:她似乎拥有不辜负父母期望的非凡能力。“parents’”是名词所有格,后接名词;expect的名词形式是expectation,常用复数形式expectations表示“期望”。故填expectations。
【7题详解】
考查副词。句意:简而言之,和她在一起你绝不会感到尴尬。空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式;brief的副词形式是briefly,句首首字母大写。故填Briefly。
【8题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:此外,她能将学习与课外活动结合起来,做出最科学的安排。extra-curricular activities是固定表达,意为“课外活动”;activity是可数名词,此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填activities。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:例如,她曾在才艺秀上表演了精彩的芭蕾,所有观众都热烈鼓掌喝彩。根据“once put on”和“applauded”可知,句子描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时;clap的过去式是clapped。故填clapped。
【10题详解】
考查主语从句。句意:同样重要的是,她勇敢地承担起自己的责任。根据句子结构可知,此处是主语从句,且空处作从句的主语,指物,用what;句首首字母大写。故填What。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 grateful adj. 感谢的,感激的(gratefully adv. 感激地gratitude n. 感激)
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【11题答案】
【答案】 ①. gratefully/ with gratitude ②. am so grateful to you for
【解析】
【详解】第一个空应填“感激地”,用副词或介词短语修饰said,即gratefully或with gratitude;第二个空应填“非常感谢你”,用be grateful to sb. for sth.结构,“非常感谢你”译为am so grateful to you for。
【12题答案】
【答案】I’m grateful to be given this chance
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。“感激”是说话人在现在的情绪和态度,用一般现在时;根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“我很感激被给予这次机会”,“我很感激”译为I’m grateful,grateful后常接不定式to do结构表达感激的原因,作原因状语,“被给予这次机会”译为to be given this chance,此处使用不定式的被动形式to be given,体现“被给予”的含义,this chance意为“这次机会”。故填I’m grateful to be given this chance。
(应用文写作之求助信)
【13题答案】
【答案】I would be very grateful if you could help me take care of
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和条件状语从句。如果我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物”可理解为条件状语从句,使用虚拟语气(could)表示委婉的请求,I作主语,谓语 “将非常感激”译为would be very grateful,从句中“你能帮我照顾”译为could help me take care of。故译为I would be very grateful if you could help me take care of。
2 escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离;逃避,摆脱;被遗忘n. 逃脱;逃避
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【14题答案】
【答案】how to escape from the dark cave
【解析】
【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“怎样从黑暗的山洞里逃出去”,可译为how to escape from the dark cave;“从……逃出去”译为to escape from,how to escape from ... 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构,在句中作knowing的宾语。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【15题答案】
【答案】 ①. had a narrow escape; ②. escaping being hurt
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。第一空表示“死里逃生”,这是一个固定表达,译为had a narrow escape,主句谓语panted为一般过去时,因此此处也使用一般过去时;第二空表示“躲过了……的伤害”,译为escaping being hurt,此处用现在分词短语escaping ... 作伴随状语,与主语we构成主动关系,“避免做某事”译为escape doing sth.,“躲过伤害”即“避免被伤害”,因此hurt需用被动形式being hurt作escape的宾语。故填①had a narrow escape;②escaping being hurt。
(2025·北京卷)
【16题答案】
【答案】escape the mounting pressure
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“逃避越来越大的压力”;“逃避”译为escape,空前有不定式to,用动词原形;“越来越大的压力”译为the mounting pressure,mounting形容词,意为“不断增加的、日益增长的”,修饰pressure。故填escape the mounting pressure。
3 absorbed adj. 专心致志的(absorb vt. 吸收;理解;吸引,使专心;缓冲 absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的,引人入胜的)
【17题答案】
【答案】from
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:众所周知,植物可以从周围的土壤中吸收营养。absorb nutrients from ...意为“从……中吸收营养”是固定搭配;介词from表示“来源”,说明营养的出处。故填from。
【18题答案】
【答案】into##by
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:这种面霜很容易被皮肤吸收,这符合顾客的预期。be absorbed by/into意为“被……吸收”是固定搭配。故填into/by。
(2023·浙江1月,读后续写)
【19题答案】
【答案】absorb my attention
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文对比可知,此处应填“吸引我的注意力”,翻译为absorb my attention,空前try to后接动词原形。故译为absorb my attention。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【20题答案】
【答案】 ①. absorbed myself in/was absorbed in writing my article for the writing contest; ②. Absorbing myself in writing my article for the writing contest; ③. Absorbed in writing my article for the writing contest
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定短语和非谓语动词。根据汉语意思可知,此处表示“我全神贯注地为这场写作比赛写文章”;第一空,根据“forgot”可知,此处用一般过去时保持时态一致;“全神贯注于”可译为 absorbed myself in 或 was absorbed in(后接动名词);“为这场写作比赛写文章”译为writing my article for the writing contest;第二空,结合题目要求可知,用现在分词作状语,逻辑主语与句子主语需一致,且表主动关系;主动结构 absorb oneself in 变为现在分词 Absorbing myself in,作原因状语,句首首字母需大写;“为这场写作比赛写文章”译为 writing my article for the writing contest;第三空,结合题目要求可知,用过去分词作状语,表被动; 被动结构 be absorbed in 省略 be 动词,变为过去分词 Absorbed in,作原因状语, 句首首字母需大写;“为这场写作比赛写文章”译为 writing my article for the writing contest。故填①absorbed myself in/was absorbed in writing my article for the writing contest;②Absorbing myself in writing my article for the writing contest;③Absorbed in writing my article for the writing contest。
用法点拨 表示“专心于……;集中注意力于……”的短语还有:focus one’s attention on, apply oneself to, concentrate one’s attention on, be lost in, be buried in, be devoted to, be dedicated to等。
4 appealing adj. 有吸引力的,有趣的(appeal v. & n. 呼吁,恳请;有吸引力;上诉,申诉)
【21题答案】
【答案】appealing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这部虚构喜剧的这一集绝对是我看过的最吸引人的一集,我看得坐立不安,情绪难以自控。“the most + 形容词”构成形容词最高级,用于修饰代词one(指代episode),因此需要将动词appeal变为形容词形式。appeal(动词,意为“吸引、呼吁”)的形容词形式是appealing,意为“吸引人的、有感染力的”。故填appealing。
(应用文写作之倡议书)
【22题答案】
【答案】appeal to the Student Council for more extra-curricular activities
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“向学生会呼吁更多的课外活动”。“向……呼吁”用固定搭配appeal to ... for ... 表达;“学生会”译为the Student Council;“更多的课外活动”译为more extra-curricular activities;句子陈述一般事实,用一般现在时,主语为We,谓语动词用原形。
(2022·天津6月,书面表达)
【23题答案】
【答案】 ①. has appealed to numerous students ②. appeal to you/make an appeal to you to join our club right away
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“吸引了无数的学生”和“呼吁你们马上加入我们的俱乐部”。①句中时间状语为since it was established,表示动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时;“吸引”译为has appealed to;“无数的学生”译为numerous students。②“呼吁某人做某事”译为appeal to sb. to do sth或者make an appeal to sb. to do sth;“加入我们的俱乐部”译为join our club;“马上”译为right away。
5 disappointed adj. 失望的,沮丧的(disappoint v. 使失望/沮丧 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. [U]失望;[C]令人失望的人或事物)
【24题答案】
【答案】 ①. disappointment ②. disappointing
【解析】
【详解】句意:令我失望的是,我女儿表现得很差,面对她粗鲁、尴尬又令人失望的行为,我感到无比愤怒和难过。第一空“to one’s + 名词”为固定结构,故用disappointment;第二空修饰名词behavior,表示“令人失望的”,用形容词disappointing。
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
【25题答案】
【答案】 ①. was disappointed to find that ②. was disappointed at/by/with the result
【解析】
【详解】句子陈述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。空处①应翻译“失望地发现”。“失望地做某事”用be disappointed to do sth.结构,谓语用过去时was disappointed;“发现”译为find that,后接宾语从句。空处②应翻译“对这个结果感到失望”。“对……感到失望”用be disappointed at/by/with sth.;“这个结果”译为the result。
6 behave v. 表现[behavio(u)r n. 行为;表现;举止]
【26题答案】
【答案】 ①. behaviour##behavior ②. to##towards
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和介词。句意:孩子们良好的行为赢得了热烈的掌声,每个孩子都承诺在任何场合都要对他人举止得体。第一空,children’s good后需要接名词作介词for的宾语,behave是动词,意为“表现”,其名词形式为behaviour(英式拼写)或behavior(美式拼写),表示“行为、举止”,不可数名词。第二空,behave well to/towards sb.是固定搭配,意为“对某人举止得体、对某人有礼貌”,因此此处填介词to或towards均可。故填①behavio(u)r;②to/towards。
(话题写作之传统习俗)
【27题答案】
【答案】 ①. you (should) behave yourself ②. As a well-behaved guest
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和固定搭配。表示“你”应用you;表示“举止得体”应用behave yourself,It is highly recommended that...为固定句型,it为形式主语,that引导主语从句,并且从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用should+动词原形,should可以省略;表示“作为举止得体的客人”应用as a well-behaved guest,句首单词首字母需大写。故填①you (should) behave yourself;②As a well-behaved guest。
7 absence n. 缺乏;没有(absent adj. 缺席的,不在场的;心不在焉的)
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
【28题答案】
【答案】absence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。此处为名词作宾语,根据空前的“thanks to (to为介词)”和定冠词“the”可知,此处应用absent的名词形式absence,为不可数名词,意为“缺乏,没有”,且the absence of...为固定搭配,意为“……的缺乏/不存在”,符合语境。故填absence。
(应用文写作之道歉信)
【29题答案】
【答案】for being absent from the activity of the English club/for my absence from the activity of the English club
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“因为没有参加英语俱乐部的活动”;“因为”可用介词for,引出道歉的原因,后可接动名词或名词作宾语;“没有参加”可译为being absent from(动名词短语)或my absence from(名词短语),两者均表示“缺席、未参加”;“英语俱乐部的活动”译为the activity of the English club。故填for being absent from the activity of the English club/for my absence from the activity of the English club。
(读后续写之升华句)
【30题答案】
【答案】is sometimes absent-minded, forgetful
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据中英文对比可知,空处缺“有时心不在焉、健忘”,此句时态为一般现在时。who引导的定语从句描述妈妈的状态,“有时心不在焉、健忘”译为is sometimes absent-minded, forgetful。故译为is sometimes absent-minded, forgetful。
用法点拨 absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
8 so... that... The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!
那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声音调之高,我觉得都能震碎玻璃了!
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【31题答案】
【答案】I was so thrilled that/so thrilled was I that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、状语从句与倒装句。根据英汉意思对比可知,设空处应填“我激动得”。句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。“激动得……”表示程度之深,用“so + 形容词 + that”结构,其中so修饰形容词thrilled“激动的”,that引导结果状语从句; 也可使用倒装结构,需将“so + 形容词”置于句首,句子采用部分倒装语序,即so thrilled was I that,两种结构均符合语法要求。故填I was so thrilled that/so thrilled was I that。
(2024·北京,书面表达)
【32题答案】
【答案】so many outstanding achievements China has made over the past 75 years that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“在过去75年,中国取得了如此多的杰出成就,以至于”,“如此……以至于……”译为so ... that ... ,引导结果状语从句;“在过去的75年里”译为over the past 75 years,是现在完成时的标志性标志;“许多的杰出成就”译为many outstanding achievements,作句子主语;“中国取得”译为China has made,主语China为第三人称单数,make的过去分词形式为made,故其现在完成时用has made;这里的“China has made over the past 75 years”修饰先行词achievements,其中关系代词that/which指代achievements,在定语从句中充当made的宾语时,可省略。故填so many outstanding achievements China has made over the past 75 years that。
(2022·浙江6月,应用文写作)
【33题答案】
【答案】such an appealing place that/so appealing a place that
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“一个如此吸引人的地方以至于……”;“如此……以至于……”可使用such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that + 结果状语从句或so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that + 结果状语从句;“非常吸引人的地方”译为an appealing place。故填such an appealing place that/so appealing a place that。
(图画作文)
【34题答案】
【答案】such heavy homework that
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“如此沉重的家庭作业,以至于”;固定句型such + (形容词) + 不可数名词 + that + 结果状语从句,用于强调结果;“沉重的家庭作业”译为heavy homework,homework是不可数名词。故填such heavy homework that。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ. 一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【35~40题答案】
【答案】35. 表演(节目)
36. 增加 37. 抹
38. 戴上 39. 穿上
40. 播放
【解析】
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:下个月我将上演一场表演,但最近我长胖了。根据宾语“a performance”可知,此处put on意为“表演(节目)”。故填:表演(节目)。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:同上。根据宾语“some weight”可知,此处put on意为“增加(体重)”。故填:增加。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:因此,我每天都会涂抹防晒霜,戴上太阳帽,穿上运动鞋,在手机上播放我最喜欢的歌曲,然后开始慢跑减肥。根据宾语“sunscreen”可知,此处put on意为“抹(防晒霜等)”。故填:抹。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:同上。根据宾语“my sun hat”可知,此处put on意为“戴上(帽子等)”。故填:戴上。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:同上。根据宾语“my sneakers”可知,此处put on意为“穿上(运动鞋等衣物)”。故填:穿上。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语词义。句意:同上。根据宾语“my favorite songs”可知,此处put on意为“播放(音乐等)”。故填:播放。
【41~44题答案】
【答案】41. vt. 吸引,使专心
42. vt. 理解,掌握
43. vt. 吸收 44. vt. 缓冲
【解析】
【41题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我儿子一直通过每天阅读来专心致志于吸收更多知识。“absorb oneself in”是固定搭配,意为“使某人专心于”,此处absorb为及物动词,表示“吸引,使专心”。故填:vt. 吸引,使专心。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。“absorb more knowledge”表示“吸收、掌握更多知识”,此处absorb为及物动词,侧重“理解、掌握(知识)”。故填:vt. 理解,掌握。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:现在他知道一公顷森林每年能吸收大约23吨二氧化碳,并且设计精良的运动鞋能缓冲对脚部的冲击力。“absorb carbon dioxide”是固定表达,意为“吸收二氧化碳”,此处absorb为及物动词,表示物理或化学层面的“吸收”。故填:vt. 吸收。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。“absorb the impact”是运动领域的常用搭配,意为“缓冲冲击力”,此处absorb为及物动词,表示“减轻、缓冲(外力冲击)”。故填:vt. 缓冲。
【45~47题答案】
【答案】45. vt. 上诉,申诉
46. vi. 有吸引力
47. n. 呼吁,恳请
【解析】
【45题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:他就这个案件上诉了五次,每次都败诉,这引起了公众的关注。appealed作谓语,后接宾语the case(案件),结合“就案件进行申诉”的语境,此处appeal为及物动词,意为“上诉,申诉”。故填:vt. 上诉,申诉。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。appealed作谓语,后接介词to,构成appeal to短语,结合“吸引公众注意力”的语境,此处appeal为不及物动词,意为“有吸引力(此处指引起关注)”。故填:vi. 有吸引力。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:于是他向公众发出呼吁,请他们帮他一个忙。appeal作made的宾语,构成make an appeal to sb. 固定搭配,结合“向公众提出请求”的语境,此处appeal为名词,意为“呼吁,恳请”。故填:n. 呼吁,恳请。
Ⅱ. 单元知识应用
【48题答案】
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:当人们和他说话时,这位士兵表现得如此傲慢是无礼的。本句使用It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.结构,其中形容词rude(无礼的)描述的是人的品质/性格特征,因此用介词of。故填of。
【49题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们非常感激你毫不犹豫提供给我们的数据。be grateful for sth.是固定搭配,意为“因某事或某物而感激”,此处介词for用于引出感激的对象。故填:for。
【50题答案】
【答案】Absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这位绘画大师全神贯注于绘画,没有注意到夜幕降临。be absorbed in是固定短语,意为“全神贯注于、沉浸于”,表示主语所处的状态。“didn’t notice”为谓语,此处需要用非谓语动词作原因状语,过去分词Absorbed,与句子主语the master painter构成逻辑上的被动关系(被吸引、沉浸其中),句首首字母需大写。故填Absorbed。
【51题答案】
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意:我们曾试图说服他为你安排机场接人,但最终失败了。make后需接名词作宾语,动词arrange的名词形式为arrangement。固定搭配make arrangements for表示“为……做安排”,此短语中arrangement“安排”为可数名词,须使用复数形式arrangements作宾语。故填arrangements。
【52题答案】
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:所有参加比赛的志愿者都很年轻,精力充沛。此处使用形容词energetic“精力充沛的”,作表语。故填energetic。
【53题答案】
【答案】across
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:我已经想出了一种理想的方法来传达我的信息,现在写信与你分享。固定搭配get one’s message across是一个常用习语,意为“使某人的信息被他人理解、传达清楚”,get + 宾语 + across结构中,across为副词。故填across。
【54题答案】
【答案】with##and
【解析】
【详解】考查介词的用法。句意:只有把理论和实践结合起来,我们才能实现我们的最终目标。根据短语“combine A with/and B”,译为“把……结合起来”,可知,此处填with/and。故填with/and。
【55题答案】
【答案】Disappointed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:得知我不能代表学校,我很失望,把脸埋进了手里。disappoint是动词,意为“使……失望”;根据句意可知,空处需用形容词作原因状语,修饰主语I,表达“感到失望的”状态,disappointed为形容词,表示“(人)感到失望的”;句首首字母大写。故填Disappointed。
【56题答案】
【答案】absent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我最终说服了他不要缺课。be动词后需要接形容词作表语,absence是名词,意为“缺席”,其形容词形式为absent。be absent from是固定短语,意为“缺席……、不在……”。故填absent。
【57题答案】
【答案】to be
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着期末考试临近,青少年紧张是很正常的。本句使用了It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.的固定句型,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式结构,be应变形为不定式to be。故填:to be。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练—剧本改编
【58题答案】
【答案】例文
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask for your help with our short play adapted from our English text.
We are absorbed in adapting an appealing story which starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim on a raft on the Mississippi River. Later, cheated by two men, Jim was sold to a farm, so Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to help him escape from the farm. However, so challenging are the vocabulary and grammar of the plot that we urgently need your help. If possible, shall we meet you in your office at 10 a.m. tomorrow?
We would be grateful if you could offer us some professional advice. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份,给外教Miss Evans写邮件,请求她帮忙指导根据英语课文改编的短剧,内容包括剧情简介、指导内容和商定时间地点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引人的:appealing → attractive
帮助:help → assist
紧急地:urgently → desperately
专业的:professional → expert
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:However, so challenging are the vocabulary and grammar of the plot that we urgently need your help.
拓展句:However, such is the difficulty of the vocabulary and grammar in the plot that we are in urgent need of your professional guidance.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to ask for your help with our short play adapted from our English text.(运用了过去分词短语作后置定语)
【高分句型2】We are absorbed in adapting an appealing story which starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim on a raft on the Mississippi River.(运用了which引导的定语从句)
【完成句子】
【59题答案】
【答案】I’m writing to ask for your help with our short play adapted from our English text.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。根据汉语意思可知,句子应用现在进行时。“我写信是想……”用I’m writing to ...结构,“征求您的帮助”译为to ask for your help,不定式作目的状语;介词with引出帮助所涉及的对象“我们的短剧”our short play;“改编自英语课文的”作后置定语修饰short play,“改编”adapt与short play为被动关系,故用过去分词短语adapted from,“英语课文”译为our English text。故译为I’m writing to ask for your help with our short play adapted from our English text.
【60题答案】
【答案】We are absorbed in adapting an appealing story which starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim on a raft on the Mississippi River.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词和定语从句。句子描述当前的动作,应用一般现在时;表示“全神贯注于做某事”应用固定短语be absorbed in doing sth.,主语为we,be动词用are,“改编”用adapt,变为动名词adapting;表示“引人入胜的故事”应用an appealing story,形容词appealing修饰名词story;第一个定语从句由which引导,修饰先行词story,在从句中作主语,从句谓语用starts with表示“开始于”;表示“名叫哈克贝利费恩的男孩”应用a boy named Huckleberry Finn,过去分词named作后置定语修饰boy;第二个非限定性定语从句由who引导,修饰先行词a boy,在从句中作主语,从句描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,“离家出走”用ran away from home,“和朋友住在木筏上”用lived with his friend Jim on a raft,“在密西西比河上”用on the Mississippi River。故翻译为We are absorbed in adapting an appealing story which starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim on a raft on the Mississippi River.
【61题答案】
【答案】Later, cheated by two men, Jim was sold to a farm, so Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to help him escape from the farm.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态、非谓语动词和动词短语。句子描述《哈克贝利・费恩历险记》中的故事情节,属于文学作品的过去事件叙述,用一般过去时;“之后,吉姆被两个男人欺骗,被卖到农场”译为Later, cheated by two men, Jim was sold to a farm,cheated by two men在句中作原因状语,逻辑主语为Jim,与cheat、sell构成被动关系,因此使用过去分词形式cheated和一般过去时的被动语态was sold,体现“被欺骗、被贩卖”的含义,句首首字母大写;分句主语“费恩和他的朋友汤姆索亚”译为Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer;“制定了一个计划”译为made a plan,用一般过去时体现过去发生的动作;“帮助他逃离农场”译为to help him escape from the farm,其中escape from是固定搭配,意为“从……逃离”。用so连接前后分句,体现“吉姆被贩卖”与“费恩和汤姆制定计划”之间的因果关系。故翻译为Later, cheated by two men, Jim was sold to a farm, so Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to help him escape from the farm.
【62题答案】
【答案】So challenging are the vocabulary and grammar of the plot that we urgently need your help.
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装结构、时态和结果状语从句。句子描述当前客观情况,应用一般现在时。so ... that ...的倒装结构需将“So + 形容词”置于句首,后接be 动词 + 主语,再接that引导的结果状语从句;表示“情节的词汇和语法”应用the vocabulary and grammar of the plot,作句子主语,是复数概念,故be动词用are;表示“如此具有挑战性”应用so challenging,置于句首构成倒装语序;表示“我们”应用we,在that引导的结果状语从句中作主语;表示“迫切需要你的帮助”应用urgently need your help,其中副词urgently修饰动词need。故翻译为So challenging are the vocabulary and grammar of the plot that we urgently need your help.
【63题答案】
【答案】We would be grateful if you could offer us some professional advice.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和虚拟语气。本句为礼貌请求场景,属于对对方可能性行为的委婉假设,采用虚拟语气;“如果您能给我们一些专业的建议”译为if you could offer us some professional advice,其中could比can更委婉礼貌;offer表示“提供”,professional advice表示“专业的建议”(advice为不可数名词)。“我们将不胜感激”译为We would be grateful,if从句体现客气语气,主句用“would be + 形容词”表达“将会……”的含义,grateful为形容词,核心含义是“感激的、感谢的”。故翻译为We would be grateful if you could offer us some professional advice.
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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语料运用 【舞台表演】
【64~69题答案】
【答案】64. With butterflies in my stomach, my heart pounding wildly and palms sweating
65. so nervous was I that
66. Overcome by extreme uneasiness
67. my heart in my mouth
68. on the edge of their seats
69. all of them applauding my appealing/dazzling performance
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上台表演前非常紧张,在观众鼓励下顺利完成表演的经历。
【64题详解】
考查with的复合结构。表示“忐忑不安”可用with butterflies in my stomach,表示“心脏狂跳”可用my heart pounding wildly,表示“手心冒汗”可用palms sweating,构成with复合结构,其中逻辑主语my heart与动词pound为主动关系,逻辑主语palms与动词sweat也为主动关系,因此用现在分词作伴随状语。故填With butterflies in my stomach, my heart pounding wildly and palms sweating。
【65题详解】
考查倒装句。表示“如此……以至于……”可用so ... that ...;“so + 形容词”置于句首时,句子用部分倒装;表示“紧张的”可用nervous,主语是I,整篇文章是一般过去时,因此be动词用was。故填so nervous was I that。
【66题详解】
考查非谓语动词。表示“因……而备受影响”可用be overcome by;表示“极度不安”可用extreme uneasiness;此句谓语动词是wanted,设空处要用过去分词短语作状语。故填Overcome by extreme uneasiness。
【67题详解】
考查独立主格结构。表示“心提到嗓子眼儿”可用my heart in my mouth;“名词 + 介词短语”构成独立主格作伴随状语。故填my heart in my mouth。
【68题详解】
考查固定短语。表示“非常激动、坐不住”可用on the edge of one’s seats,在句中作表语,此处指观众们,代词用their。故填on the edge of their seats。
【69题详解】
考查独立主格结构。表示“他们”可用all of them,表示“为……喝彩”可用applaud,表示“吸引人的表演”可用appealing/dazzling performance;逻辑主语和applaud之间是主动关系,因此用“代词 + 现在分词”构成独立主格作伴随状语。故填all of them applauding my appealing/dazzling performance。
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