内容正文:
选择性必修第四册
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The students were asked to talk about what left the deepest ___1___ (impress) on them.
What impressed Ben most was that his family moved frequently. There was a time when the household had to move bimonthly. He once lived in a neighbourhood ___2___ there were a clinic, a gallery, a grocery, a stadium and a bakery. The reason why Ben’s family moved frequently was ___3___ Ben dared hang out with other guys every night, which disturbed his neighbours and caused a chain of trouble. Filled with sorrow, his parents had to apologise to others and ask for forgiveness. Frictions often appeared.
Jay was an orphan. He remembered ___4___(live) in a small house in the outskirts with bare walls. It was freezing cold in winter. ___5___ no hot water, he hated the faucet, which sent him shivers through the bones in winter. His hands were often stiff because of the extreme cold.
To Jenny’s amazement, her mother burst into tears one night. She sighed with a tear-stained face, complaining about loans and debts all the time. Jenny ___6___(sob), pressed her face down into the pillow and clasped the bedclothes, feeling in the ___7___(deep) of despair.
Thomas remembered conflicting with his parents about his future career. His parents appealed to him ___8___(study) law, but he was tired of dealing with legal documents. This disagreement existed for a long time. As ___9___consequence, Thomas left home with a small parcel and resolutely ___10___(dive) into working with a sociologist ever since.
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 conflict n.抵触,冲突,矛盾vi.冲突;抵触
11. She found herself _________ conflict with her parents over her future career. (用适当的词填空)
12. 由于在孩子的教育问题上存在一些分歧,这对夫妇经常发生冲突。
________________ because of some disagreements on their children’s education.
13. 另一方面,时尚是我们生活的重要组成部分,它与我们的学习并不冲突。
For another, fashion is an essential part of our life, which ________________ our studies.
2 envy n.羡慕,忌妒vt.羡慕,妒忌(envious adj.羡慕的,忌妒的)
14. Knowing that you have got first prize in the speech competition, we are all ________ (envy) of you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15. 被一对善良而富有的夫妇收养后,他成了所有其他孤儿羡慕的对象。
Having been adopted by a kind and wealthy couple, ________________.
16. 海伦和她青梅竹马的恋人订婚了,这让她的所有朋友都羡慕不已。
Helen was engaged to her childhood sweetheart, ________________.
3 apologis(z) e vi.道歉,谢罪;辩白(apology n.道歉;歉意)
17. Additionally, I have been disturbing you by re-decorating my room, and as a consequence, I owe an apology ________ you. (用适当的词填空)
我要为错把你的包裹拿回家而向你道歉。我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉。盼望着你的原谅。
I have to ________18________ taking your parcel home by mistake. I sincerely hope ________19________. Looking forward to your forgiveness.
4 consequence n.后果;结果;重要性(consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的consequently adv.因此;结果)
由于老师的帮助,我掌握了如何润色我的文章的窍门。在接下来的日子里,我全身心地重写我的文章,直到它让我自己满意为止。因此,我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖,我几乎掩饰不住内心的激动。
________20________, I got the hang of how to polish my article. ________21________, I devoted myself to rewriting my essay until it satisfied myself. ________22________, I won first prize in the writing contest and I hardly concealed my inner excitement.
23. 既然你已经是成年人了,你就应该为自己的不当行为承担后果。
Now that you have grown up, ________________________________________________________.
5 appeal v. & n.呼吁,恳请;有吸引力;上诉,申诉(appealing adj.有吸引力的;恳求的)
24. He makes philosophical thought an ________ (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25. 正如短片所展示的那样,英语口语俱乐部自成立以来吸引了无数的学生。几乎所有的俱乐部成员都能与外国人自由交流,所以我呼吁你们马上加入我们的俱乐部。
Just as is shown in the short video clip, the Spoken English Club ________________ since it was established. Almost all the club members can communicate with foreigners freely, so I ________________.
26. 我们向学生会呼吁更多的课外活动,这不仅会丰富我们的校园生活,也会加强我们的友谊。
We ________________, which can not only enrich our campus life but also strengthen our friendship.
6 debt n.债务;欠款;人情债
27. With all their debts paid ________, the household could finally breathe a sigh of relief. (用适当的词填空)
28. 我突然想起我家负债的事实,因此我放下我最爱的玩具,撒腿往家跑去,希望我辛苦挣的钱可以帮助爸爸不再负债。
The fact that my family was ________________ occurred to me, so I dropped my favorite toy and sprang towards my home, hoping that my hard-earned money could help my father stay ________________.
7 hang out闲待,厮混;常去某处
根据汉语提示补全短文。
I ________29________ (闲逛) with my friends in the nearby woods when a scream of help came. We found that a boy fell into a small cliff, hanging from a tree branch. We knelt down on the ground and comforted him calmly, “________30________ (坚持) for a few moments! Do ________31________ (抓紧) the branch tightly.” With joint efforts, we pulled him over the cliff and we sighed in relief. Then we dialed his father’s cell phone number and after __________32__________ (挂断电话) , we kept the boy company until his parents arrived.
33. 到处都是鲜花——悬挂的篮子、窗台上的盒子和花盆——这正是你想象中的迷人的英国集镇。
Flowers are ________________ (everywhere-hang) baskets, window boxes, and planters — just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8 burst into闯入;突然发作;突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
34. 听到这个坏消息,她双手掩面,悲痛大哭起来。
Hearing the bad news, she buried her face in her hands, ________________ with deep sorrow.
35. 他勃然大怒,冲了进来,发出一声可怕的尖叫。一阵惊恐席卷了我的全身,我僵在原地,一动也不敢动。
He ________________ and ________________, letting out a terrifying shriek. ________________ swept over me and I was frozen to the spot, not daring to move an inch.
用法点拨 短语burst in中的in是副词,后面不接宾语;而burst into中的into是介词,后面应接宾语。
9 情态动词+ have done I might have expected it. I might have known it was all too beautiful to last. I might have known nobody really did want me.我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好,无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。
36. You ________ have revealed the truth to the public, or he couldn’t have cheated so many people. (用适当的词填空)
37. I could ________ (leave) a better impression in the interview, but I ignored something important. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. You ________ not have apologised to him, because it was not your fault. (用适当的词填空)
39. If you went to school on foot this morning, you ________ have avoided the accident. (用适当的词填空)
40. They ________ have worked out a solution to the problem, or they couldn’t be so relaxed and at ease. (用适当的词填空)
41. While many visitors have never been to a farm at all, let alone a sunflower farm, the unique setting allows them to leave the city for a while, breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound appreciation for agriculture, and maybe even reconnect with their farming roots and what they ________ have taken for granted for too long. (用适当的词填空)
10 介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装 To bed went Matthew. And to bed, when she had put her dishes away, went Marilla, frowning most resolutely.马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子,紧紧地皱着眉头,也回到房间休息了。
42. On the outskirts of the city ________ (lie) a new chemical factory.(所给词的适当形式填空)
43. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting ________ (be) the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.(所给词的适当形式填空)
44. 出席典礼的有许多老师和我们的校长,他们聚精会神地听我发言。
________________, who listened to me attentively.
45. 农场前流过一条小河,这条小河给周围的风景增添了更多的美。
________________, which adds more beauty to the surrounding scenery.
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
He appealed① the case five times, always losing, which appealed② to the public’s attention. So he made an appeal③ to the public to do him a favor.
①____46____②____47____③____48____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Since she adopted① the boy, she has been adopting② a positive and open attitude to educating him.
①____49____②____50____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
The committed doctor dived① into the hospital and immediately dived② into his work and this was why he was praised by his colleagues and patients.
①____51____②____52____
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
53. The twins come into conflict ________ each other frequently and it is not surprising that there is an outbreak of quarrel. (用适当的词填空)
54. The official apologised ________ abusing power in the court, but he failed to get others' forgiveness. (用适当的词填空)
55. He didn’t study the policy in a thorough and systematic way. ________ a consequence, he couldn’t answer the questions about it correspondingly. (用适当的词填空)
56. The experts appealed ________ school kids to have a healthy diet and keep away from junk food. (用适当的词填空)
57. It was really depressing that he was heavily ________ debt and didn’t have the capability to pay it off. (用适当的词填空)
58. I am really ________ (envy) of your good luck—it is a blessing to be offered help by a stranger when in trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. His daughter, who was opposed to the marriage, burst ________ crying with her face buried in her hands. (用适当的词填空)
60. Wendy kept warning his son not to hang ________ at midnight with his so-called friends. (用适当的词填空)
61. With an impatient frown on his face, he sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf ________ random. (用适当的词填空)
62. At the beginning of each paragraph ________ (be) two questions that provoke curiosity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——人际交往
63. 作为高三学生的你,肯定在适应高中生活和人际交往方面颇有心得,请你写一篇英语演讲稿,和高一的学弟学妹们谈一谈如何快速适应高中生活以及如何处理好人际关系。
注意:词数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
64. 当我们步入高中时,我们可能会遇到各种各样的困难,但没有必要为此感到焦虑。(状语从句的省略;there is no need to do ...) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
65. 在我们将遇到的所有事情中,有一个就是如何与我们的同学和老师好好相处,他们将在这段时间里发挥最大的作用。(介词短语置于句首的倒装句;who引导定语从句) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
66. 如果你在高中时没有朋友,你会觉得学校生活像死水一样无聊。(if引导虚拟条件句)(汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
67. 因此,我呼吁你要诚实,避免与同学和老师发生冲突。(consequence; appeal; conflict) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
68. 此外,一旦你与他人发生冲突,你应该足够勇敢地首先做出真诚的道歉。(apology)(汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
69. 最重要的是,我们必须尊重、关心和同情他人,毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人伸出援手。(分词短语作状语) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:圣诞聚会】
根据所给中文提示完成下面的短文。
___70___ (with复合结构) , the air was filled with joy and excitement. Everyone was overwhelmed by happiness, talking about the coming Christmas holiday and gifts, ___71___ (分词短语作状语) . Jenny, a girl growing up in an orphanage, was now staying in the corner in the classroom, ___72___ (独立主格), lost in thought ___73___ (状语从句的省略) . Fortunately, she finally attracted eyes of the monitor, ___74___ (who引导定语从句). She ___75___ and soon realized the reason and gathered her classmates secretly after class, trying to find a perfect way to please Jenny. Finally, they determined to hold a party especially for her.
随着圣诞节的临近,空气中充满了欢乐和兴奋。每个人都沉浸在幸福之中,谈论着即将到来的圣诞假期和礼物,却没有注意到珍妮泪眼中的悲伤。珍妮是一个在孤儿院长大的女孩,现在她呆在教室的角落里,眼睛盯着光秃秃的墙,陷入了沉思,仿佛处在极度的绝望中。幸运的是,她最终吸引了班长的目光,班长碰巧环顾四周,瞥见了珍妮。她直视着珍妮的眼睛,很快就意识到了原因,并在下课后秘密召集同学,试图找到一种完美的方式来取悦珍妮。最后,他们决定专门为她举办一场聚会。
选择性必修第四册
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. impression
2. where 3. that
4. living 5. With
6. sobbed 7. depths
8. to study
9. a 10. has dived
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了几位学生分享各自人生中留下最深刻印象的经历,包括频繁搬家、孤儿院生活、家庭困境和职业分歧等。
【1题详解】
考查名词。句意:学生们被要求谈论给他们留下最深刻印象的事情。leave a deep impression on sb是固定搭配,意为“给某人留下深刻印象”,此处用最高级deepest修饰名词,动词impress变形为名词形式impression,为不可数名词。
【2题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:他曾经住在一个有诊所、美术馆、杂货店、体育场和面包店的社区。先行词neighbourhood是地点名词,从句中缺少地点状语,用关系副词where引导定语从句。
【3题详解】
考查表语从句。句意:Ben一家频繁搬家的原因是Ben每晚都敢和其他男孩闲逛,打扰了邻居并引发了一连串麻烦。the reason why ... is that ...是固定句型,that引导表语从句,在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他记得自己曾住在郊区一间墙壁光秃秃的小房子里。remember doing sth是固定搭配,意为“记得做过某事”,表示动作已经发生,live变形为living。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意:没有热水,他讨厌水龙头,冬天它会让他冷得刺骨。此处应用介词with表伴随状态,意为“有”,句首首字母大写。
【6题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:Jenny抽泣着,把脸埋进枕头里,紧紧抓着被子,陷入了绝望的深渊。此处与后面的pressed、clasped并列作谓语,描述过去发生的连续动作,用一般过去时,sob的过去式为sobbed。
【7题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。in the depths of despair是固定搭配,意为“在绝望的深渊”。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他的父母恳求他学习法律,但他厌倦了处理法律文件。appeal to sb to do sth是固定搭配,意为“恳求某人做某事”,study应变形为不定式。
【9题详解】
考查冠词。句意:因此,Thomas带着一个小包裹离开了家,从那以后便毅然投身于和一位社会学家一起工作。as a consequence是固定搭配,意为“因此,结果”。
【10题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。ever since(从那以后)提示句子用现在完成时have/has +过去分词,主语Thomas是第三人称单数,助动词用has。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 conflict n.抵触,冲突,矛盾vi.冲突;抵触
【11题答案】
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:她发现自己在将来的职业问题上与父母存在分歧。固定短语 in conflict with意为“与……有冲突,与……有分歧”,符合句意。故填in。
【12题答案】
【答案】The couple frequently conflict with/come into conflict with each other
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“这对夫妇经常发生冲突”,句子描述经常性的动作,用一般现在时。“这对夫妇”译为The couple,作主语;“经常”译为frequently,置于谓语动词前修饰动词;“发生冲突”有两种常用表达,动词短语译为conflict with each other,名词短语译为come into conflict with each other;句首单词的首字母大写。
【13题答案】
【答案】doesn’t conflict with/ isn’t in conflict with
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“与……并不冲突”。“与……冲突”可用conflict with或be in conflict with表达;句子陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,which指代单数名词fashion,因此否定形式为doesn’t conflict with或isn’t in conflict with。
2 envy n.羡慕,忌妒vt.羡慕,妒忌(envious adj.羡慕的,忌妒的)
【14题答案】
【答案】envious
【解析】
【详解】句意:得知你在演讲比赛中获得一等奖,我们都很羡慕你。空处位于系动词are之后,需要用形容词作表语,构成固定搭配be envious of,意为“羡慕……、嫉妒……”; envy的形容词形式为envious。
【15题答案】
【答案】he becomes/became the envy of all other orphans
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“他成了所有其他孤儿羡慕的对象”。句子主语为he,“成了”可译为becomes(一般现在时,表客观事实)或became(一般过去时,表过去发生的事),两种时态均符合语境;“羡慕的对象”用固定表达the envy of ...;“所有其他孤儿”译为all other orphans。
【16题答案】
【答案】which made all her friends green with envy/envious of her
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“这让她的所有朋友都羡慕不已”;句子描述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时;此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整句话内容;“让某人……”用“make sb. + 形容词/介词短语结构”;“让她的所有朋友都”用made all her friends;“羡慕不已”可表达为green with envy 或envious of her。
3 apologis(z) e vi.道歉,谢罪;辩白(apology n.道歉;歉意)
【17题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】句意:此外,我一直在重新装修房间打扰到你,因此我应该向你道歉。空处填to构成固定搭配owe an apology to sb.,表示“向某人道歉”。
【18~19题答案】
【答案】18. apologise/make an apology to you for
19. you can accept my apology
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者因误拿他人包裹,向对方诚恳表达歉意,说明事由并希望获得对方谅解。
【18题详解】
空处应翻译“而向你道歉”。“向某人为某事道歉”用固定搭配apologise to sb. for sth.或make an apology to sb. for sth.,情态动词have to后接动词原形,“而向你道歉”翻译为apologise/make an apology to you for。
【19题详解】
空处应翻译“你能接受我的道歉”。本句为宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,省略引导词that,“你能”翻译成you can,“接受我的道歉”翻译为accept my apology,情态动词can后接动词原形。
4 consequence n.后果;结果;重要性(consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的consequently adv.因此;结果)
【20~22题答案】
【答案】20. As a consequence of/In consequence of/As a result of my teacher’s assistance
21. In consequent days
22. As a consequence/As a result/Consequently/In consequence
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在老师的帮助下掌握文章润色技巧,全身心修改作文并最终在写作比赛中荣获一等奖的经历。
【20题详解】
空处应翻译“由于老师的帮助”。“由于”用固定短语As a consequence of/In consequence of/As a result of,后接名词短语,句首单词首字母大写;“老师的帮助”翻译为my teacher’s assistance,构成介词短语作原因状语。
【21题详解】
空处应翻译“在接下来的日子里”。“接下来的”用形容词consequent修饰名词days“日子”,“在……日子里”用介词In,构成介词短语作时间状语,句首单词首字母大写。
【22题详解】
空处应翻译“因此”。表示结果可用副词或短语As a consequence/As a result/Consequently/In consequence,在句中作状语,承接上文因果关系,句首单词首字母大写。
【23题答案】
【答案】you should take the consequences for your improper behavior
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和情态动词。“承担后果”用固定短语take the consequences for ...;“不当行为”用improper behavior;“应该”用情态动词should,后接动词原形。主句用“should + 动词原形”结构。故填you should take the consequences for your improper behavior。
5 appeal v. & n.呼吁,恳请;有吸引力;上诉,申诉(appealing adj.有吸引力的;恳求的)
【24题答案】
【答案】appealing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他把哲学思考变成了一种有吸引力的练习,可以提高我们体验的质量,而且他在这样做的时候充满了幽默。形容词appealing作定语修饰名词。故填appealing。
【25题答案】
【答案】 ①. has appealed to numerous students ②. appeal to you/make an appeal to you to join our club right away
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“吸引了无数的学生”和“呼吁你们马上加入我们的俱乐部”。①句中时间状语为since it was established,表示动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时;“吸引”译为has appealed to;“无数的学生”译为numerous students。②“呼吁某人做某事”译为appeal to sb. to do sth或者make an appeal to sb. to do sth;“加入我们的俱乐部”译为join our club;“马上”译为right away。
【26题答案】
【答案】appeal to the Student Council for more extra-curricular activities
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“向学生会呼吁更多的课外活动”。“向……呼吁”用固定搭配appeal to ... for ... 表达;“学生会”译为the Student Council;“更多的课外活动”译为more extra-curricular activities;句子陈述一般事实,用一般现在时,主语为We,谓语动词用原形。
6 debt n.债务;欠款;人情债
【27题答案】
【答案】off
【解析】
【详解】句意:所有债务都还清后,这家人终于松了一口气。空处填off构成固定短语pay off,表示“还清(债务)”。
【28题答案】
【答案】 ①. in debt ②. out of debt
【解析】
【详解】第一空处应翻译“负债”,用固定短语in debt表达;空处应翻译“不再负债”,用固定短语out of debt表达。
7 hang out闲待,厮混;常去某处
【29~32题答案】
【答案】29. was hanging out/about/around/round
30. Hang on
31. hang on to
32. hanging up
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友在树林中偶遇一名遇险男孩,并合力施救、安抚直至其父母赶来的经历。
【29题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:我和朋友们在附近的树林里闲逛时,突然传来一声呼救。本句为when引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句需用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。“闲逛”用hang out/about/around/round表达,主语为I,be动词用was,hang的现在分词为hanging。
【30题详解】
考查祈使句与动词短语。句意:我们跪在地上,平静地安慰他:“再坚持一会儿!”本句为祈使句,需用动词原形开头表达指令语气。“坚持”用短语hang on表达,句首单词首字母大写。
【31题详解】
考查祈使句与动词短语。句意:紧紧抓住树枝。本句为祈使句,需用动词原形开头。“抓紧”用短语hang on to表达,后接宾语the branch。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:挂断电话后,我们陪着男孩直到他的父母赶来。介词after后需接动名词作宾语。“挂断电话”用短语hang up表达,其动名词形式为hanging up。
【33题答案】
【答案】everywhere-hanging
【解析】
【详解】空处修饰后面的名词baskets,需要用形容词形式,故hang变为hanging作定语,everywhere-hanging表示“悬挂着的”。
8 burst into闯入;突然发作;突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
【34题答案】
【答案】bursting into tears/bursting out crying
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“大哭起来”;“大哭起来”有两种固定表达,burst into tears/burst out crying;本句已有谓语动词buried,此处与逻辑主语she为主动关系,作伴随状语,需用现在分词形式,故burst变为bursting。
【35题答案】
【答案】 ①. burst with anger ②. burst in ③. A burst of panic/ fright/ terror
【解析】
【详解】空处①应翻译“勃然大怒”,译为burst with anger,句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,burst的过去式为burst。空处②应翻译“冲了进来”,译为burst in,与前文的burst with anger并列,共同作句子的谓语,形式保持一致,用burst。空处③应翻译“一阵惊恐”译为a burst of panic/fright/terror,其中a burst of表示“一阵、突发的”,可用于修饰表示情绪的名词,在句中作主语,位于句首首字母大写。
用法点拨 短语burst in中的in是副词,后面不接宾语;而burst into中的into是介词,后面应接宾语。
9 情态动词+ have done I might have expected it. I might have known it was all too beautiful to last. I might have known nobody really did want me.我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好,无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。
【36题答案】
【答案】should
【解析】
【详解】句意:你本应该向公众揭露真相的,否则他就不可能欺骗这么多人。空处考查情态动词+have done结构,should have done表示“本应该做某事(却没做)”。
【37题答案】
【答案】have left
【解析】
【详解】句意:我本可以在面试中给人留下更好的印象,但我忽略了一些重要的事情。这里虚拟语气结构could have done,表示“本可以做某事(但实际上没做)”,是对过去情况的虚拟; 句中but I ignored something important用了一般过去时,说明面试是过去发生的事,前半句是对过去的虚拟,因此leave要用have left的形式。
【38题答案】
【答案】need
【解析】
【详解】句意:你本不必向他道歉的,因为那不是你的错。固定搭配needn’t have done表示“本来不必做某事(但实际上已经做了)”,暗含对过去行为的委婉批评或说明,故用need。
【39题答案】
【答案】might
【解析】
【详解】句意:如果你今天早上步行上学的话,你或许已经避免了这场事故。这是一个为对过去情况的虚拟条件句,条件状语从句If you went to school on foot this morning是对过去情况的假设,主句you ... have avoided the accident则需要用情态动词might + have done的结构,表示对过去可能发生的结果的推测。
【40题答案】
【答案】must
【解析】
【详解】句意:他们一定已经想出了解决问题的办法,否则他们不会如此轻松自在。空处填must构成情态动词结构must have done,表示对过去事情的肯定推测“一定做过某事”。
【41题答案】
【答案】may
【解析】
【详解】句意:尽管许多游客从未去过农场,更不用说向日葵农场了,但独特的环境让他们暂时离开城市,呼吸新鲜空气,重新认识农业,甚至可能重新找回自己的农耕根源,以及那些或许长久以来可能被他们视为理所当然的东西。空处与后面的have taken for granted搭配,may have done意为“或许已经做了某事”,表示不太肯定的推测。
10 介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装 To bed went Matthew. And to bed, when she had put her dishes away, went Marilla, frowning most resolutely.马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子,紧紧地皱着眉头,也回到房间休息了。
【42题答案】
【答案】lies
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和倒装句。句意:在城市的郊区有一家新的化工厂。这是一个表示方位的介词短语置于句首引起的倒装句,句子的主语是“a new chemical factory”,单数名词,lie(位于,坐落在)是谓语动词,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,单数形式。故填lies。
【43题答案】
【答案】were
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意:在摆脱传统画风的画家中,有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。分析句子可知,本句前半部分Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting是一个表示肯定意义的介词短语置于句首,从而构成全部倒装句,而整句话的主语是the Impressionists,谓语用复数,且由后文可知,这里时态也应用一般过去时。故填were。
【44题答案】
【答案】Present at/Attending the ceremony were many teachers and our headmaster
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“出席典礼的有许多老师和我们的校长”;句子为完全倒装结构,根据“listened”可知,时态为一般过去时;表语提前置于句首,“出席典礼的”翻译为Present at/Attending the ceremony,本句已有谓语动词were,“出席”与“老师和校长”是逻辑上的主动关系,attend用现在分词结构attending,句首单词首字母大写;主语为many teachers and our headmaster“许多老师和我们的校长”,谓语动词用复数形式were。
【45题答案】
【答案】In front of the farm flows a small river
【解析】
【详解】空处应翻译“农场前流过一条小河”,“……的前面”是in front of,“农场”是the farm,“流过”是flow,“一条小河”是a small river,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语a small river是单数,flow用第三人称单数,表方位的介词短语in front of位于句首,位于句首的单词“In”首字母需大写,句子要全部倒装,即将flows提前到主语a small river的前面。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【46~48题答案】
【答案】46. vt.上诉,申诉
47. vi.有吸引力
48. n.呼吁,恳请
【解析】
【46题详解】
句意:他对这个案件上诉了五次,却一直败诉,这引起了公众的关注。appeal the case,意为“申诉案件”,appealed①在句中作谓语,词性为及物动词 ,意为“上诉,申诉”。
【47题详解】
句意同上。appeal to one’s attention,意为“引起某人的注意”,appealed②在句中作谓语,主语为which(指代前文整件事),此处词性为不及物动词,意为“有吸引力”。
【48题详解】
句意:因此他向公众呼吁,请求大家帮他一把。make an appeal to sb. to do sth.意为“向某人呼吁/恳请做某事”,appeal③在句中作made的宾语,前面有不定冠词an修饰,词性为名词,意为“呼吁,恳请”。
【49~50题答案】
【答案】49. vt.收养,领养
50. vt.采取某种方法、政策、态度等
【解析】
【49题详解】
句意:自从她收养了这个男孩,她就一直采取积极开放的态度来教育他。 adopt the boy意为“收养男孩”,adopted①在句中作谓语,主语为she,词性为及物动词,意为“收养,领养”。
【50题详解】
句意同上。adopt ... attitude意为“采取……态度”,adopting②在句中作谓语,主语为she,词性为及物动词,意为“采取某种方法、政策、态度等”。
【51~52题答案】
【答案】51. vi.扑向,急冲进
52. vi.投身于
【解析】
【51题详解】
句意:这位尽职尽责的医生冲进医院,立刻投入到工作中,这也是他受到同事和患者称赞的原因。短语dive into the hospital“冲进医院”,dived①在句中作谓语,主语为The committed doctor,词性为不及物动词 ,意为“扑向,急冲进”。
【52题详解】
句意同上。dived②在句中作谓语,主语仍为The committed doctor,考查固定搭配dive into work,表示“投身于,投入到工作中”,词性为不及物动词,意为“投身于”。
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
【53题答案】
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】句意:这对双胞胎经常发生冲突,他们爆发争吵也就不足为奇了。空处填with,构成固定搭配come into conflict with sb.,表示“与某人发生冲突”。
【54题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】句意:这名官员为在法庭上滥用职权道歉,但没能获得他人的原谅。短语apologize for,意为“为……道歉”,介词for用来引出道歉的原因。
【55题答案】
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】句意:因此,他无法相应地回答相关问题。固定搭配as a consequence,意为“因此,结果”,用于引出前文行为导致的结果,句首单词首字母需大写。
【56题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】句意:专家们呼吁学生们健康饮食,远离垃圾食品。固定搭配appeal to sb. to do sth.意为“呼吁某人做某事”。
【57题答案】
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】句意:他负债累累,又无力偿还,这真的很令人沮丧。固定搭配be in debt,意为“负债、欠债”。
【58题答案】
【答案】envious
【解析】
【详解】句意:我真羡慕你的好运——在困境中得到陌生人的帮助是一件幸事。空处放于am后,要填形容词,envy的形容词为envious“羡慕的,嫉妒的”,构成固定搭配be envious of,表示“羡慕,嫉妒”。
【59题答案】
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】句意:他的女儿反对这门婚事,双手捂着脸突然大哭起来。此处为固定搭配burst out crying,意为“突然大哭起来”,故用副词out。
【60题答案】
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】句意:温迪一直警告儿子不要在半夜和他所谓的朋友在外闲逛。空处填out构成固定搭配hang out,表示“闲逛,逗留”。
【61题答案】
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】句意:他脸上带着不耐烦的神情,坐在地上,从书架上随意抽出几本书。at random是一个固定短语,意为“随意地、随机地”,是表示“无目的性选择”的常用搭配。
【62题答案】
【答案】are
【解析】
【详解】句意:每段的开头都有两个能激发好奇心的问题。这是一个完全倒装句,句子的主语是two questions(复数),因此谓语动词be要用复数形式;从句that provoke curiosity用的是一般现在时,说明句子时态为一般现在时,故be动词用are。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——人际交往
【63题答案】
【答案】参考范文
Good afternoon, everyone!
It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to the senior school life and get along well with others. When stepping into the high school, we are likely to meet various difficulties, but there is no need to be anxious about it.
Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers who will make the biggest difference during this period. If you had no friends in high school, you would feel school life as boring as dead water. As a consequence, I make an appeal that you should be honest and avoid conflicting with your classmates and teachers. Besides, once you’ve come into conflict with others, you should be brave enough to make a sincere apology first. Most importantly, we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others, never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need.
Above are my thoughts and suggestions. I hope they will be beneficial to you. Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】题目要求高三学生以学长/学姐的身份,写一篇80词左右的英语演讲稿,向高一学弟学妹分享如何快速适应高中生活、处理好人际关系。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
适应:adjust to → adapt to
与……相处融洽:get along well with → get on well with
真诚的:sincere → genuine
有益的:beneficial → helpful
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:When stepping into the high school, we are likely to meet various difficulties, but there is no need to be anxious about it.
拓展句:When we step into high school, we may meet various difficulties, but there is no need for you to feel anxious about it.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers who will make the biggest difference during this period.(运用了定语从句)
【高分句型 2】Besides, once you’ve come into conflict with others, you should be brave enough to make a sincere apology first.(运用了时间状语从句)
【完成句子】
【64题答案】
【答案】When stepping into the high school, we are likely to meet various difficulties, but there is no need to be anxious about it.
【解析】
【详解】句子陈述普遍情况,用一般现在时。“当我们步入高中时”用状语从句的省略结构,译为When stepping into the high school,省略主语和be动词(When we are stepping into ...),句首单词的首字母大写;“我们可能会遇到”译为we are likely to meet,be likely to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“可能做某事”;“各种各样的困难”译为various difficulties;“但没有必要为此感到焦虑”用题目要求的there is no need to do ...结构,译为but there is no need to be anxious about it,be anxious about意为“为……感到焦虑”,it指代前文提到的遇到困难这件事。
【65题答案】
【答案】Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers who will make the biggest difference during this period.
【解析】
【详解】表示“在我们将遇到的所有事情中”应用介词短语Among all matters we will meet,置于句首时句子用完全倒装结构;表示“如何与我们的同学和老师好好相处”用how to get along well with our classmates and teachers,作主语;表示“将在这段时间里发挥最大的作用”用who引导定语从句修饰先行词our classmates and teachers,“发挥最大的作用”译为make the biggest difference。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为不定式短语,be动词用 is。
【66题答案】
【答案】If you had no friends in high school, you would feel school life as boring as dead water.
【解析】
【详解】“如果”用if引导与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句用一般过去时,“你在高中时没有朋友”译为you had no friends in high school;主句用would+动词原形,“你会觉得”译为you would feel;“学校生活像死水一样无聊”用“as … as …”原级比较结构,译为school life as boring as dead water。
【67题答案】
【答案】As a consequence, I make an appeal that you should be honest and avoid conflicting with your classmates and teachers.
【解析】
【详解】表示“因此”应用给定短语As a consequence,作状语;表示“我呼吁”用给定短语make an appeal,其后that引导的宾语从句需用虚拟语气,谓语用(should)+ 动词原形;表示“要诚实”译为be honest;表示“避免与同学和老师发生冲突”用avoid doing sth结构,“与……发生冲突”用给定短语conflict with,“你的同学和老师”译为your classmates and teachers。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词用原形。
【68题答案】
【答案】Besides, once you’ve come into conflict with others, you should be brave enough to make a sincere apology first.
【解析】
【详解】句子陈述一般性建议,主句用一般现在时;“此外”翻译为Besides,在句中作状语,句首单词首字母大写;“一旦你与他人发生冲突”用once引导时间状语从句,“与某人发生冲突”用固定搭配come into conflict with others,从句用现在完成时强调动作先发生,故用you’ve come into conflict with others;“你应该足够勇敢地首先做出真诚的道歉”中,“应该做某事”用should do sth.,“足够勇敢做某事”用be brave enough to do sth.,“做出真诚的道歉”用要求词汇apology的固定搭配make a sincere apology,“首先”翻译为first。
【69题答案】
【答案】Most importantly, we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others, never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need.
【解析】
【详解】句子陈述普遍的行为准则,用一般现在时。“最重要的是”译为Most importantly,作状语,句首首字母大写;“我们必须尊重、关心和同情他人”译为we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others;“毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人伸出援手”用现在分词短语作状语,译为never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need。
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:圣诞聚会】
【70~75题答案】
【答案】70. With Christmas approaching
71. not noticing/spotting the sorrow in Jenny’s tear-stained eyes
72. her eyes fixed on/glued to the bare wall
73. as if in the depths of despair
74. who happened to glance around and caught a glimpse of Jenny
75. looked Jenny straight in the eye
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了圣诞节来临之际,同学们发现孤儿珍妮的悲伤,并决定为她举办专属聚会的暖心故事。
【70题详解】
空处应翻译“随着圣诞节的临近”。Christmas与approach为主动关系,且动作正在进行,故用现在分词approaching,构成“with + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构,句首首字母大写。
【71题详解】
空处应翻译“没有注意到珍妮泪眼中的悲伤”。与逻辑主语Everyone为主动关系,故用现在分词的否定形式not noticing/spotting;“珍妮泪眼中的悲伤”译为the sorrow in Jenny’s tear-stained eyes。
【72题详解】
空处应翻译“眼睛盯着光秃秃的墙”。her eyes与fix on/glue to 为被动关系,故用过去分词fixed on/glued to,构成独立主格结构,“光秃秃的墙”译为the bare wall。
【73题详解】
空处应翻译“仿佛处在极度的绝望中”。as if引导的方式状语从句省略了主语和be动词she was,保留介词短语作表语,“处在极度的绝望中”译为in the depths of despair。
【74题详解】
空处应翻译“碰巧环顾四周,瞥见了珍妮”。先行词the monitor 指人,用who引导从句;“碰巧环顾四周”译为happen to glance around,“瞥见”译为catch a glimpse of,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时。
【75题详解】
空处应翻译“直视着珍妮的眼睛”。“直视某人的眼睛”用固定搭配 look sb straight in the eye;与后文realized和gathered并列作谓语,描述过去的动作,用一般过去时。
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