内容正文:
必修第一册
UNIT 3 CELEBRATIONS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
语法填空
The Spring Festival, an important occasion and event for Chinese people, falls on the first day of the first lunar month. ____1____ Chinese NewYear’s Eve, people enjoy spring gala, where every show is carefully selected. To celebrate ____2____, we often let off ____3____ (firecracker) to “scare the Nian monster away”, decorate houses with beautiful decorations, and sweep away dirt to get rid of bad luck. Besides, the character Fu ____4____ (attach) upside down. Apart from this, people in general hold gatherings, throughout ____5____ houses buzz with joy and people are surrounded by friends and relatives, greeting each other with “Happy New Year” congratulations and giving a specific account of what they have summarised from the past affairs. They also share future expectant goals in the following year. Children can get fortunate money ____6____ (wrap) in red envelopes and wear awesome neat suits. All the Chinese people’s happiness is beyond description. After this festival comes the Lantern Festival, when people put up ____7____ (vary) lanterns. It also features a kind of delicious snack— sticky rice balls, which are stuffed with meat, jujubes(枣) , and so on. The Dragon-Boat Festival happens on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, when people often hold dragon boat races in memory of Qu Yuan. However, with time ____8____ (go) by, the original customs of these festivals ____9____ (gradual) fade away. People begin to extend greetings such as “Merry Christmas” and “Happy Valentine’s Day”. As far as I’m concerned, young adults and teenagers should make an effort ____10____ (protect) our traditions. Otherwise, when our grandparents pass away, these interesting customs which represent our culture will no longer exist. Let’s take action immediately before they are nowhere to be found thoroughly.
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 occasion n.重要的社交活动;时刻,时候;盛会;场合(occasional adj.偶尔的;临时的occasionally adv.有时,偶尔,间或)
11. The kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means ________ (occasion) eating more cookies than carrots. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2022·浙江1月,应用文写作)
12. 我绝不会忘记我们两年前在“中国——爱尔兰文化节”第一次见面的时刻。就是在那个场合,你和我分享了很多关于你们国家的有趣的事情,通过这些,我了解了很多关于你们国家的食物、文化和历史。偶尔我会告诉你我们中国的传统和习俗,比如在整个元宵节和端午节期间我们要做什么。
________ will I forget the occasion ________ at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago. It was ________ that you shared with me many interesting things about your country, through which I learned a lot about your country’s food, culture and history. ________, I would tell you our Chinese customs and traditions, such as what we do throughout the Lantern Festival and Dragon-Boat Festival.
用法点拨 occasion作先行词时,定语从句一般用when引导。
2 congratulation n.恭喜,祝贺;贺词(congratulate vt.祝贺)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
13. After the award ceremony, my teacher hugged me tightly and uttered in a merry voice, “ ________ (congratulate)! I am thoroughly proud of you.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
(应用文写作之祝贺信)
14. 听说你在演讲比赛中获得了第一名,我写信对你的成功表示真诚的祝贺。
Hearing that you have won first prize in the speech contest, ________.
用法点拨 congratulation表示“祝贺”之意时应用复数形式,具有类似用法的词还有thanks, wishes, regards, greetings等。
3 account n.描述,报道;账目;账户vi. (数量、比例上) 占;是……的原因;解释(accountant n.会计)
15. After the meeting, the innocent ________ (account) immediately accounted ________ his behaviour to the manager. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2026·浙江1月听力)
16. In addition to your participation in class, which accounts ________ 10%, there will be a midterm test, 20%; a final exam, 30%; and a research paper, 40%. Any questions? (用适当的词填空)
(应用文写作之申请信)
17. 由于我之前的教学经验,我可以帮您很好地管理班级。如果您能考虑我的申请,我会不胜感激。
________, I can help you manage the class in an awesome way. I would appreciate it ________.
(2023·天津3月,书面表达)
18. 每当遇到陷入困境的人,一个“活雷锋”绝不会袖手旁观。
Whenever meeting anyone who is trapped in difficulties, ________. (倒装句)
用法点拨 表示“决不”的短语还有in no case, at no time, in no sense, in no way, by no means, on no condition, under no circumstances, on no occasion。
4 attach vt.贴;固定;附上;重视,认为……重要(attached adj.附着的;附属于;喜欢的,依恋的attachment n.附件;附属品;爱慕)
19. Please find my article in memory of Yuan Longping who passed away on May 22, 2021 in the ________ (attach). (所给词的适当形式填空)
20. 我是如此依恋我的父母,以至于在登上开往北京的火车之前,我使劲吞咽,试图抑制我的眼泪。(读后续写之情感描写)
I ________I swallowed hard before boarding the train for Beijing, trying to contain my tears.
(2022·北京,书面表达)
21. 我们学生非常重视有关如何提高英语写作的网上交流,所以你能接受我们的邀请给我们一些建议吗?如果你愿意,我将把你连接到腾讯会议,这是一款类似Zoom的视频应用程序。邮件附件是关于这次在线交流的具体信息。
________ the Internet-based talk about how to improve English writing, so could you be kind enough to accept our invitation to give us some advice? If you like, I ________ Tencent Meeting, a video app comparable to Zoom. ________ is the specific information about the online talk.
5 scare vt.吓唬;使(某人) 惊恐vi.受惊吓(scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的scary adj.吓人的;令人害怕的)
22. In western culture, dragons are ________ (scare) monsters and people are scared ________ them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. 她被老虎的吼声吓得蜷缩在一棵大树旁,她的心怦怦跳。
She ________ beside a big tree by the roars of tigers, with her heart pounding.
(读后续写之心理描写)
24. 我胆怯地低着头,不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。
I lowered my head timidly and ________.
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
25. 当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们的时候,我几乎要吓死了。我又担心又害怕,但还是鼓足勇气,努力想办法把熊吓跑。
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us again, I ________. ________, I gathered enough courage, making an effort to find a solution to ________.
6 surround vt.环绕,围绕(surrounding adj.周围的,附近的surroundings n.周围的环境)
(应用文写作之建议信)
26. 得知你很难适应不熟悉的环境,我很乐意给你提供一些建议。首先,和积极向上的人在一起,你会变得更加自信和乐观。其次,为什么不和你的同学一起探索周围的风景?这样你就可以更好地了解这个地方。
Learning that you have great difficulty ________, I willingly offer you some tips. Firstly, ________ and you will become more confident and optimistic. Secondly, ________ together with your classmates so that you can have a better understanding of the place?
(2023·浙江1月,应用文写作)
27. 在我们这些学生们的包围下,一位经验丰富的已经退休的植物专家耐心地给我们做了一些关于植物的介绍,从中我们对各种植物有了详细的了解。
________, an experienced retired plant expert gave us some information about plants with patience, from which we got a detailed account of a variety of plants.
7 fortunate adj.幸运的(fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的unfortunately adv.不幸地fortune n.一大笔钱;运气;命运misfortune n.不幸)
1.Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)
(读后续写之片段描写)
28. 两个月前他到一个大城市去碰运气,但不幸的是他没能发财。他一看见我,无助的泪水从他的脸上滑落。他把头靠在我的肩上,哭诉着他不幸的遭遇。
He ________ in a big city two months ago, but ________, he failed to ________. The moment he saw me, tears of helplessness rolled down his face. He rested his head on my shoulder, sobbing out the story of ________.
(应用文写作之申请信)
29. 如果我有幸获得组织这次活动的机会,我会努力不辜负您的期望。
If I ________ the chance to organize the event, I will make an effort to live up to your expectations.
8 put up张贴;留宿;建造;举起
(应用文写作之建议信)
用put短语的正确形式填空
You write that you ____30____ weight recently and that you are in a bad mood, so I ____31____ several tips for you. Firstly, I strongly suggest that you should ____32____ at least twenty minutes to work out every day indoors or outdoors. Secondly, why not ____33____ your weight loss goal on the wall of your bedroom? Finally, it would be a good idea if you could help your parents ____34____ daily supplies, which is also a kind of physical exercise. I do hope that you can take the above suggestions into account.
9 in general普遍地
用方框中的短语完成语段
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
用方框中的短语完成语段
in particular 特别,尤其
in general 通常来说
in all/total 总共
in common 共有的
in private 私下地
in vain 徒劳地
in short/brief 简言之
in public 公开地;当众
____35____, our teacher would assign project mates based on our choices. But this time somehow I was assigned to work with this guy, who was ____36____ competitive and extremely serious. What made matters worse was that the two of us had nothing ____37____. ____38____ I begged my teacher to get me another partner, but ____39____, a wave of frustration washing over me. However, I gradually got to know that the guy was indeed enthusiastic and warm- hearted. We had solved four problems ____40____ before we showcased our project ____41____. ____42____, we cooperated with each other more smoothly than we had expected.
10 It is+过去分词+ that...
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们相信“福”字被倒贴时,幸福就会到来。
(话题写作之传统文化)
43. 人们认为中国的传统节日和习俗很值得传播到世界各地。
________ traditional Chinese festivals and customs are well worth spreading all over the world.
(2021·全国乙,书面表达)
44. 希望学生提高自律性,家长加强引导,提高学生的在线学习效率。
________ students can improve their self-discipline and parents can strengthen their guidance to improve students’ online learning efficiency.
(2024·全国甲,书面表达)
45. 众所周知,中国的交通发生了显著的变化,为中国人提供了不同的出行方式。
________, offering the Chinese people different means of travelling.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
46. 听说你会在英语口语课上把学生随机分成两组,但我对这种方法有点担心。
________ in the oral English class, but I am slightly concerned about this method.
11 so... that...
David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn’t swallow.
大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁,以至于都吞不下去了。
(2021·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
47. Youth是如此有魅力的一份报纸以至于它非常受我们学生的欢迎。(汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________________________
(2024·北京,书面表达)
48. 在过去的75年里,中国取得了如此多的杰出成就,以至于你不知道你应该关注哪个方面,所以我写信给你一些建议。
There are ________ you have no idea which aspect you should focus on, so I am writing to offer you some suggestions.
(应用文写作之祝贺信)
49. 你取得了如此巨大的进步,因此我专门写信祝贺你。
You ________ I am specially writing to extend my congratulations to you.
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
50. 大卫非常沮丧,一句话也没说,只是坐在路边叹气。
________, just sitting on the roadside and sighing. (运用倒装句)
12 强调句型
When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it’s not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时,进入脑海的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。
51. He yelled in anger, “Is ________ you who broke my newly- bought vase?”(用适当的词填空)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
52. It was my teacher ________ offered me some specific awesome suggestions to rewrite my article and my gratitude was beyond description. (用适当的词填空)
53. 我惊奇地问:“是什么让你的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒?”
I asked in amazement, “________?”
(2023·全国乙,书面表达)
54. 正是在老师的指导和不断的练习下,我学会了如何做小笼包,一种里面有汤的蒸饺。
It was ________ I learned how to make xiao long bao, a type of steamed dumplings with soup inside.
(读后续写之助人与善举)
55. I didn’t realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.
→________ a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness. (用倒装句改写)
→________ I realized a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness. (用强调句改写)
13 形容词(短语) 作状语
Early in the morning, I woke up excited,一大早,我就兴奋地醒来了。
(读后续写之动作链描写)
56. 又好奇又激动,女孩打开盒子,拿出礼物,高兴地跳了起来。
________, the girl unwrapped the box, took out the gift and jumped to her feet with joy.
(应用文写作之告知信)
57. 很高兴知道你打算参加我们学校的围棋俱乐部,我写信通知你具体的信息。
________, I am writing to inform you of the specific information.
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
58. 害怕找不到回农场的路,我坐在树旁,紧紧地用胳膊抱着肩膀。
________, I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
The main character① of the book written in Chinese characters② is the description of famous characters③ in the sports field who have a strong character④. After all, sports are food for character⑤ building.
①____59____②____60____③____61____④____62____⑤____63____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
I was swallowing① my favourite ice- cream when I saw a swallow② flying towards me. I couldn’t swallow③ my amazement, exclaiming excitedly.
①____64____②____65____③____66____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Due to an unexpected accident, his wound was torn① and the pain caused by the tear② made him burst into tears③.
①____67____②____68____③____69____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
She helped me selflessly to extend① my company’s services to Hong Kong. I extended② my left hand, held her hand and wandered along the road extending③ to the river. While chatting, I extended④ my sincere thanks to her.
① ____70____ ② ____71____ ③ ____72____ ④ ____73____
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
74. ________ this special occasion, family members will gather around to admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. (用适当的词填空)
75. To my disappointment, my father didn’t attend my ________ (graduate) ceremony. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76. I send my sincere ________ (congratulate) to the athlete on winning a bronze medal in the badminton match. (所给词的适当形式填空)
77. His application was rejected, which accounted ________ his being upset this afternoon. (用适当的词填空)
78. My English teacher attaches great importance ________ good pronunciation, which is of benefit to remembering words in the long run. (用适当的词填空)
79. A car zoomed by and crashed into a big tree in front of her, and she was too ________ (scare) to speak. (所给词的适当形式填空)
80. ________ (surround) by the enthusiastic audience, the champion felt excited and happy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
81. I’m ________ (fortune) to be blessed with such a good teacher who can cheer me up when I feel down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
82. I have an announcement to make! It was our monitor who put ________ such an awesome idea to solve the problem. (用适当的词填空)
83. It ________(believe) that taking exercise regularly will defend you against diseases. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84. His father blamed him ________ sharply that he couldn’t help shedding tears. (用适当的词填空)
85. It was his lack of confidence ________ made him quit the program halfway. (用适当的词填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——春节
86. 假定你是李华,你的澳大利亚笔友William给你发电子邮件,询问你的春节假期过得怎么样。请你给他回一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.介绍你的春节假期情况;
2.询问他澳大利亚的特色节日。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
87. 很高兴得知你对我的春节假期感兴趣,我写信告诉你一些关于它的事情。(形容词短语作状语) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________
88. 人们认为春节是中国最重要、最有意义的节日。(It is thought that ...) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________
89. 中国人期待着这个特殊的时刻,在这个时刻他们会看春节联欢晚会,逛集市,贴春联等。(occasion;定语从句;put up) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________
90. 我被这些庆祝活动深深吸引,甚至都不想回家了。(attract; so … that …)(汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________
91. 你在澳大利亚是如何度过这个节日的,而且你能介绍一下这个节日在你们国家的特别之处吗? (强调句型) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_________________________________________________
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:圣诞夜】
On Christmas Eve, when we checked into a dark and dirty hotel, ____92____ (无灵主语句). It was raining and cold when we went out to eat; ____93____. My wife ordered our meal in French, but the waiter served us the wrong thing, and I complained to my wife. She buried her face in her hands, ____94____ (独立主格). The boys defended her, but I was at a loss, ____95____ (形容词短语作状语). All of us just sat there, ____96____ (现在分词短语作状语). It was at that time that a boy greeted us with a bright smile, tucked some beautiful roses into my wife’s hands and then waved goodbye to us, which filled our hearts with great joy. ____97____ and then we said to each other, “Merry Christmas!”
圣诞夜,当我们入住一家又黑又脏的旅馆时,一股悲伤和孤独涌上心头。我们出去吃饭时,正下着雨,天气很冷;我们感到一阵悲伤,几乎要哭出来了。我妻子用法语点了餐,但服务员端上来的东西不对,我向妻子抱怨。她双手掩面,眼泪顺着脸颊淌了下来。男孩子们为她辩护,而我不知所措,悲伤得麻木了。我们大家都只是坐在那里,沉浸在巨大的悲伤中。就在那时,一个男孩带着灿烂的微笑问候我们,把一些美丽的玫瑰塞到我妻子的手中,然后向我们挥手告别,这让我们的心里充满了极大的喜悦。我们沉重的心被融化了,然后我们互道:“圣诞快乐!”
必修第一册
UNIT 3 CELEBRATIONS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. On 2. it
3. firecrackers
4. is attached
5. which 6. wrapped
7. various##varied
8. going 9. gradually
10. to protect
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗、相关庆祝活动以及传统习俗逐渐淡化的现状,并呼吁年轻人采取行动保护传统文化。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意:除夕之夜,人们欣赏春晚,每一个节目都经过精心挑选。在具体的某一天(除夕)前,需用介词On,句首首字母大写。故填On。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意:为了庆祝它(春节),我们会燃放鞭炮来“驱赶年兽”,用精美的装饰来布置房屋,并扫除灰尘以驱除霉运。此处代词it指代前文提到的“The Spring Festival(春节)”,在句中作动词celebrate的宾语,避免重复指代。故填it。
【3题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:同上。谓语let off后接名词作宾语,firecracker(鞭炮)是可数名词,“燃放鞭炮”通常是复数概念,因此需使用其复数形式firecrackers。故填firecrackers。
【4题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:此外,“福”字被倒着贴。主语the character Fu与动词attach(贴)之间是被动关系(字被贴),且描述的是春节的常规习俗,用一般现在时,attach的过去分词形式为attached,故用一般现在时的被动语态is attached。故填is attached。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:除此之外,人们通常会举办聚会,在整个聚会期间,房子里充满了欢声笑语,人们被亲朋好友包围,互相拜年,送上对过去一年的总结,并在来年分享对未来的期许。先行词是gatherings,指代物,且介词throughout提前,因此需用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:孩子们能得到包裹在红包里的幸运钱,并穿上帅气的新衣。can get和wear是谓语,此处应用非谓语形式。宾语fortunate money与动词wrap(包裹)之间是被动关系(钱被包),因此用wrap的过去分词形式wrapped作后置定语,表被动。故填wrapped。
【7题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这个节日之后便是元宵节,届时人们会挂上各种各样的灯笼。此处修饰名词lanterns需用形容词,形容词various(各种各样的)和varied(多彩的、各式各样的)均符合语义,可作定语修饰灯笼。故填various/varied。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,随着时间的流逝,这些节日原本的习俗逐渐消失了。此处是“with + 宾语 + 宾补”的复合结构,宾语time与动词go(流逝)之间是主动关系,因此用go的现在分词going作宾补。故填going。
【9题详解】
考查副词。句意:然而,随着时间的流逝,这些节日原本的习俗逐渐消失了。此处修饰动词短语fade away(消失)需用副词,gradually(逐渐地)是形容词gradual的副词形式,符合语法要求。故填gradually。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:就我而言,年轻人和青少年应该努力保护我们的传统。make an effort to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“努力做某事”,因此此处用动词不定式to protect。故填to protect。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 occasion n.重要的社交活动;时刻,时候;盛会;场合(occasional adj.偶尔的;临时的occasionally adv.有时,偶尔,间或)
【11题答案】
【答案】occasionally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:孩子们自己决定要吃什么、吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃饼干比吃胡萝卜更多。此处需要修饰动词eating,应使用副词形式,occasion的副词形式是occasionally“偶尔、间或”。故填occasionally。
(2022·浙江1月,应用文写作)
【12题答案】
【答案】 ①. On no occasion ②. when we first met ③. on that occasion ④. On occasion(s)/Occasionally
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者回忆与外国朋友在文化节初次相遇的美好时刻,以及两人互相交流两国文化习俗的经历。
【12题详解】
考查介词短语。空处应填表示“绝不”的否定短语on no occasion,句首单词首字母大写。故填On no occasion。
【13题详解】
考查时态和定语从句。空处应填“我们第一次见面的时刻”,先行词为the occasion,表示时间,需用关系副词when引导定语从句,在从句中作时间状语,“第一次见面”翻译为we first met,时态为一般过去时,与时间状语two years ago一致。故填when we first met。
【14题详解】
考查介词短语。空处应填表示“在那个场合”,用固定短语on that occasion,在句中作地点状语。故填on that occasion。
【15题详解】
考查介词短语和副词。空处应填表示“偶尔”的词或短语,可用副词Occasionally,或固定短语On occasion(s),在句中作时间状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填On occasion(s)/Occasionally。
用法点拨 occasion作先行词时,定语从句一般用when引导。
2 congratulation n.恭喜,祝贺;贺词(congratulate vt.祝贺)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【13题答案】
【答案】Congratulations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:颁奖典礼结束后,我的老师紧紧抱住我,用欢快的声音说道:“恭喜你!我为你感到无比骄傲。”在口语交际中,表达“恭喜、祝贺”时,常用名词Congratulations,位于句首首字母大写。故填Congratulations。
(应用文写作之祝贺信)
【14题答案】
【答案】I am writing to extend/express my sincere congratulations on your success/I am writing to congratulate you on your success sincerely
【解析】
【详解】考查时态及固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我写信对你的成功表示真诚的祝贺”。句子表示当前的动作,用现在进行时;“我写信做某事”译为I am writing to do sth.;“向某人表示真诚的祝贺”常用短语express/extend one’s sincere congratulations on sth.或congratulate sb. on sth. sincerely;“你的成功”译为your success。故填I am writing to extend/express my sincere congratulations on your success/I am writing to congratulate you on your success sincerely。
用法点拨 congratulation表示“祝贺”之意时应用复数形式,具有类似用法的词还有thanks, wishes, regards, greetings等。
3 account n.描述,报道;账目;账户vi. (数量、比例上) 占;是……的原因;解释(accountant n.会计)
【15题答案】
【答案】 ①. accountant ②. for
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和介词。句意:会后,这位无辜的会计立即向经理解释了自己的行为。第一空,句中缺少主语,且被形容词innocent修饰,需用表人的名词形式作主语,account表人的名词为accountant(会计);第二空,此处是固定搭配account for,意为“解释、说明(行为/原因)”,需填介词for。故填①accountant;②for。
(2026·浙江1月听力)
【16题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:除了占10%的课堂参与度之外,还会有占20%的期中考试、占30%的期末考试,以及占40%的研究论文。有什么问题吗?根据固定搭配account for“(在数量、比例上)占……”,此处应填介词for。故填for。
(应用文写作之申请信)
【17题答案】
【答案】 ①. On account of my previous teaching experience ②. if you could take my application into account/consideration
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、宾语从句和固定搭配。第一空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“由于”,在句中作原因状语,且后接名词短语,用介词短语On account of意为“由于、因为”表示,“我之前的教学经验”的英文表达为my previous teaching experience;第二空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表达“如果您能考虑我的申请”,是前文“I would appreciate it”的宾语,it作形式宾语,替代后面的从句内容,避免句子结构失衡,表“如果”用if引导,其引导的宾语从句作真正的宾语;“考虑”的固定搭配为take ... into account/consideration,句中“你能”用you和情态动词could后接动词原形表示,“我的申请”的英文表达为my application。故填①On account of my previous teaching experience;②if you could take my application into account/consideration。
(2023·天津3月,书面表达)
【18题答案】
【答案】on no account will a living Lei Feng stand by
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处要表达 “一个‘活雷锋’绝不会袖手旁观”,“绝不”译为on no account,“活雷锋” 译为 a living Lei Feng; “会袖手旁观” 译为will stand by,其正常语序为A living Lei Feng will on no account stand by.;结合题目要求,将on no account 提至句首,把情态动词will提前到主语a living Lei Feng之前。故填on no account will a living Lei Feng stand by。
用法点拨 表示“决不”的短语还有in no case, at no time, in no sense, in no way, by no means, on no condition, under no circumstances, on no occasion。
4 attach vt.贴;固定;附上;重视,认为……重要(attached adj.附着的;附属于;喜欢的,依恋的attachment n.附件;附属品;爱慕)
【19题答案】
【答案】attachment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:请在附件中查找我为纪念2021年5月22日逝世的袁隆平先生所写的文章。根据“in the ...”可知,设空处需填名词形式,attach的名词是attachment,意为“附件”,in the attachment是固定表达,表示“在附件中”。故填attachment。
【20题答案】
【答案】was so attached to my parents that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“我是如此依恋我的父母,以至于……”,“如此……以至于……”的英文表达为so ... that ... 结构,引导结果状语从句;“依恋”用固定搭配be attached to表达,主语为I,结合后文过去式swallowed的语境,be动词用was。故填was so attached to my parents that。
(2022·北京,书面表达)
【21题答案】
【答案】 ①. We students attach great importance/significance to ②. will attach you to ③. Attached to the email
【解析】
【导语】本文是一封英文邀请邮件。旨在邀请对方为学生提供关于提升英语写作的建议。
【详解】考查时态、介词搭配以及非谓语。“我们学生非常重视”的主语“我们学生”用We students,谓语“非常重视”用attach great importance/significance to,句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,该句翻译为“We students attach great importance/significance to”;“将把你连接到”,谓语“把……连接到”用attach ... to,该句为一般将来时,因此该句翻译为“will attach you to”;“邮件附件”句为可理解为倒装结构,正常语序为The specific information about the online talk is attached to the email,为了强调“附件”,将表语attached to the email提前,即“随邮件附上”,首字母需大写。故填:①We students attach great importance/significance to;②will attach you to;③Attached to the email。
5 scare vt.吓唬;使(某人) 惊恐vi.受惊吓(scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的scary adj.吓人的;令人害怕的)
【22题答案】
【答案】 ①. scary ②. of
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和介词。句意:在西方文化中,龙是令人害怕的怪物,人们都害怕它们。第一空,修饰名词monsters需要用形容词,表示事物“令人害怕的”属性,用scare的形容词scary;第二空,后接宾语them,其前为固定搭配be scared of意为“害怕……”,介词of符合语境。故填①scary;②of。
【23题答案】
【答案】was scared into crouching
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和非谓语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“被……吓得蜷缩在”;句子描述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时;“被吓得做某事”常见表达为be scared into doing sth.,主语She为第三人称单数,be变形为was,“蜷缩”译为crouch,变形为crouching,作介词into的宾语。故填was scared into crouching。
(读后续写之心理描写)
【24题答案】
【答案】was scared to look at/of looking at my father’s cloudy face
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸”。根据“I lowered”可知,句子为一般过去时,and连接并列谓语;“不敢做某事”译为be scared to do sth.或be scared of doing sth.,主语是I,be动词用was;“看”译为look at;“爸爸那张阴云密布的脸”译为my father’s cloudy face。故填was scared to look at/of looking at my father’s cloudy face。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【25题答案】
【答案】 ①. was nearly scared to death/out of my wits ②. Concerned and scared ③. scaring the bear off/away
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,围绕“遭遇熊袭击”这一紧急事件,生动展现了主人公在意识到熊再次来袭时极度恐惧的心理,以及在担忧与害怕中仍鼓起勇气、设法驱离熊的勇敢表现。
【详解】考查被动语态、形容词作状语和非谓语。根据英汉意思对比可知,第一空应填“几乎要吓死了”,“害怕”用be scared to,根据realized可知是一般过去时态,“几乎”用nearly,因此译为“was nearly scared to death”;也可用习语be scared out of one’s wits表示“吓得魂不附体”,因此也可译为“was nearly scared out of my wits”;第二空应填“又担心又害怕”,形容词短语作状语,首字母需大写,因此译为“Concerned and scared”;第三空应填“把熊吓跑”,“把……吓跑”用“scare ... off/away”,“熊”用bear,表示特指,空前to介词,用动名词。故填①was nearly scared to death/out of my wits;②Concerned and scared;③scaring the bear off/away。
6 surround vt.环绕,围绕(surrounding adj.周围的,附近的surroundings n.周围的环境)
(应用文写作之建议信)
【26题答案】
【答案】 ①. adapting (yourself) to the unfamiliar surroundings ②. surround yourself with positive people ③. why not explore the surrounding scenery
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。写信人得知对方难以适应新环境,主动提供两条实用建议:一是与积极的人相处以提升心态;二是和同学一起探索周边以熟悉环境,语言亲切实用。
【26题详解】
考查固定搭配和动名词用法。“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”是固定结构,译为“做某事有困难”,其中in可省略,后接动名词形式。“适应”用固定短语adapt to表达,此处需变为动名词adapting;“不熟悉的环境”译为the unfamiliar surroundings,其中unfamiliar为形容词,修饰名词surroundings。故翻译为adapting (yourself) to the unfamiliar surroundings。
【27题详解】
考查祈使句和动词短语。“和积极向上的人在一起”用surround yourself with positive people表达,其中surround oneself with sb.是固定动词短语,意为“使自己围绕在某人身边”,在句中作祈使句,用动词原形开头,“积极向上的人”译为positive people。故翻译为surround yourself with positive people。
【28题详解】
考查提建议句型和动词短语。“为什么不……”用提建议句型why not do sth.表达,后接动词原形;“探索周围的风景”译为explore the surrounding scenery,其中 surrounding 为形容词,修饰名词 scenery。故翻译为why not explore the surrounding scenery。
(2023·浙江1月,应用文写作)
【27题答案】
【答案】Surrounded by us students
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,设空处应填“在我们这些学生们的包围下”。表示“包围”用动词surround,位于句首首字母需大写,其逻辑主语为句子主语an experienced retired plant expert,二者之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语;表示“我们这些学生们”用短语us students;表示“在……的包围下”用固定结构(be) surrounded by ...,此处省略be动词,直接用过去分词短语作状语。故填Surrounded by us students。
7 fortunate adj.幸运的(fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的unfortunately adv.不幸地fortune n.一大笔钱;运气;命运misfortune n.不幸)
1.Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)
(读后续写之片段描写)
【28题答案】
【答案】 ①. sought/ tried his fortune ②. unfortunately ③. make a fortune ④. his unfortunate experience
【解析】
【导语】本文是一段记叙文,讲述了一个人前往大城市碰运气却遭遇不顺,见到熟人后流露无助、哭诉遭遇的场景。
【详解】考查固定短语、副词、非谓语动词及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,分别应填“去碰运气”、“不幸的是”、“发财”及“他不幸的遭遇”。根据“two months ago”可知,句子为一般过去时。第一空缺谓语动词,“碰运气”翻译为seek/try one’s fortune,其过去式为sought/ tried;第二空“不幸的是”翻译为unfortunately,副词修饰整个句子;第三空“发财”翻译为make a fortune,fail to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“未能做某事”,此处make填原形;第四空“他不幸的遭遇”翻译为his unfortunate experience。故填①sought/tried his fortune;②unfortunately;③make a fortune;④his unfortunate experience。
(应用文写作之申请信)
【29题答案】
【答案】am fortunate enough to gain
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“有幸获得”;be fortunate enough to do意为“足够幸运去做某事”;“获得”可用gain表示;句子是对将来情况的假设,条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来,再根据主语I可知,be动词为am。故填am fortunate enough to gain。
8 put up张贴;留宿;建造;举起
(应用文写作之建议信)
【30~34题答案】
【答案】30. have put on;
31. put forward;
32. put aside;
33. put up;
34. put away
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了作者针对对方最近体重增加、心情不佳的情况,从锻炼、制定目标、帮做家务三个方面,给出了具体的建议,以此帮助对方保持健康并拥有积极的心态。
【30题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意:你写道你最近体重增加了,而且心情也不好,所以我给你提出几条建议。put on weight是固定短语,意为“体重增加、发胖”。句中时间状语是recently(最近),表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,需用现在完成时,主语是you,助动词用have,put的过去分词形式为put。故填have put on。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意:同上。put forward意为“提出、提议”,符合语境中“给出建议”的含义;句中主语是I,且前面的so连接的是并列句,时态需与前文保持一致,用一般现在时;主语为第一人称,因此用短语的动词原形形式put forward。故填put forward。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:首先,我强烈建议你每天至少留出二十分钟在室内或户外锻炼。put aside意为“留出、拨出(时间/金钱)”,符合“留出时间锻炼”的语义;情态动词should后接动词原形。故填put aside。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:其次,为什么不把你的减肥目标贴在你卧室的墙上呢?put up意为“张贴、挂起”,对应“把目标贴在墙上”的动作;固定句型why not do sth.(为什么不做某事呢)后接动词原形。故填put up。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:最后,如果你能帮父母购买日常用品会是个不错的主意,这也是一种体育锻炼。put away意为“收拾、整理、放好”,符合“收拾日常用品”的语境;固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事)中,to可省略,此处直接用动词原形即可。故填put away。
9 in general普遍地
用方框中的短语完成语段
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
【35~42题答案】
【答案】35. In general
36. in particular
37. in common
38. In private
39. in vain
40. in all##total
41. in public
42. In short##brief
【解析】
【导语】文章讲述了作者与性格迥异的同学搭档做项目,从抵触到磨合,最终顺利完成、合作超预期的经历。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:通常来说,我们的老师会根据我们的选择分配项目搭档。此处位于句首作状语,介词短语in general修饰整个句子,置于句首首字母需大写。
【36题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:但这次不知怎么的,我被分到和这个家伙一组,他特别好胜,而且极其严肃。此处修饰形容词competitive,需用副词性短语作状语,“in particular”修饰形容词表程度。
【37题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:更糟糕的是,我们俩毫无共同之处。介词短语in common作宾语补足语,用来补充说明宾语的性质。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:私下里,我求老师给我换个搭档,但这都是徒劳的。介词短语in private位于句首作状语,表“私下地”,首字母大写。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:私下里,我求老师给我换个搭档,但这都是徒劳的。介词短语in vain作表语,表“徒劳无功”。
【40题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:在我们公开展示我们的项目之前,我们总共解决了四个问题。介词短语in all/total位于数词后作状语,表“总共”。
【41题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:在我们公开展示我们的项目之前,我们总共解决了四个问题。介词短语in public修饰动词showcased,作状语表“公开地”。
【42题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:简言之,我们彼此的合作比预期的要顺畅得多。此处位于句首总结上文,需用概括性短语In short/brief,置于句首首字母需大写。
10 It is+过去分词+ that...
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们相信“福”字被倒贴时,幸福就会到来。
(话题写作之传统文化)
【43题答案】
【答案】It is believed/thought that
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和被动语态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“人们认为”;句子结构为It is believed/thought that ...,这是英语中常用的形式主语被动句型,It作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句traditional Chinese festivals and customs are well worth spreading all over the world; 句子描述普遍观点,时态为一般现在时,故用is;句首单词首字母需大写。故填It is believed/thought that。
(2021·全国乙,书面表达)
【44题答案】
【答案】It is hoped that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“(人们普遍)希望……”,常用一般现在时被动语态的形式主语结构It is hoped that ... 来表达这种客观、正式的愿望,避免模糊主语people;It作形式主语,句首首字母大写,that从句作真正的主语,被动语态is hoped能让句子更客观、正式,是英语中表达“大家希望……”的地道写法。故填It is hoped that。
(2024·全国甲,书面表达)
【45题答案】
【答案】It is well-known that Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“众所周知,中国的交通发生了显著的变化”,句子陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时;“众所周知”常见表达为It is well-known that,作主句,其中It为形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语;“中国的交通发生了显著的变化”在句中作that引导的主语从句,主语为“中国的交通”:Chinese transport,谓语动词“发生了”用现在完成时has undergone;显著的变化:remarkable transformations。故填It is well-known that Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
【46题答案】
【答案】It is said that you will randomly assign students into pairs
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“听说你会在英语口语课上把学生随机分成两组”;“听说……”常用固定句型It is said that ...表达,it作形式主语,that引导主语从句;“会”表示将来的动作,从句时态为一般将来时,用will + 动词原形;“把学生随机分成两组”翻译为randomly assign students into pairs,其中randomly作副词修饰动词assign,表示“随机地”,assign ... into ...表示“把……分成……”。句首单词首字母大写,故填It is said that you will randomly assign students into pairs。
11 so... that...
David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn’t swallow.
大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁,以至于都吞不下去了。
(2021·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
【47题答案】
【答案】Youth is so charming a newspaper that it is very popular with/ among us students/ Youth is such a charming newspaper that it is very popular with/ among us students.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、结果状语从句和固定短语。句子陈述事实,时态用一般现在时。“如此……以至于……”可用固定短语“so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that ...”或“such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that ...”结构表达,其中that引导结果状语从句;“有魅力的”为charming,“报纸”为newspaper,“受……欢迎”用固定短语be popular with/among表达,“我们学生”用us students表达,us作介词宾语,students作us的同位语;主语Youth为报纸名称,be动词用第三人称单数形式is。故翻译为Youth is so charming a newspaper that it is very popular with/ among us students/ Youth is such a charming newspaper that it is very popular with/ among us students.
(2024·北京,书面表达)
【48题答案】
【答案】so many outstanding achievements China has made over the past 75 years that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“在过去75年,中国取得了如此多的杰出成就,以至于”,“如此……以至于……”译为so ... that ... ,引导结果状语从句;“在过去的75年里”译为over the past 75 years,是现在完成时的标志性标志;“许多的杰出成就”译为many outstanding achievements,作句子主语;“中国取得”译为China has made,主语China为第三人称单数,make的过去分词形式为made,故其现在完成时用has made;这里的“China has made over the past 75 years”修饰先行词achievements,其中关系代词that/which指代achievements,在定语从句中充当made的宾语时,可省略。故填so many outstanding achievements China has made over the past 75 years that。
(应用文写作之祝贺信)
【49题答案】
【答案】have made such great progress that
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、结果状语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“取得了如此巨大的进步,因此……”;“取得进步”常用短语make progress表达,句子强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,时态用现在完成时,主语为You,助动词用have,即have made progress;“如此巨大的进步”翻译为such great progress,progress为不可数名词,用such修饰;“因此”用that引导结果状语从句,构成 such ... that ...固定句型,表示“如此……以至于……”。故填have made such great progress that。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【50题答案】
【答案】So frustrated was David that he didn’t speak a word
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句、状语从句及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“大卫非常沮丧,一句话也没说”。句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。本句为so ... that ...结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于”,so + 形容词置于句首时,主句需部分倒装;“非常沮丧”翻译为so frustrated,位于句首首字母大写;主语是David,be动词用was,且需部分倒装;“一句话也没说”翻译为he didn’t speak a word。故填So frustrated was David that he didn’t speak a word。
12 强调句型
When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it’s not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时,进入脑海的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。
【51题答案】
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意:他愤怒地大喊:“是你打碎了我新买的花瓶吗?本句为一般现在时的强调句型疑问句“Is it + 被强调部分 + who/that ...”。故填it。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【52题答案】
【答案】who##that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意:正是我的老师给了我一些具体绝妙的建议去重写我的文章,我的感激之情难以言表。根据句意可知,此处考查It is/was ... that/who ... 强调句型,本句被强调部分为my teacher(指人),且主句为一般过去时It was,故可填入who或that。故填who/that。
【53题答案】
【答案】What is it that makes your eyes twinkle with excitement
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型和固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“是什么让你的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒”;句子为特殊疑问句,且使用强调句型What is it that ... 来加强语气,突出“究竟是什么”;“让”用makes,主语是疑问词What,视为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;“你的眼睛”翻译为your eyes,在句中作宾语;“闪烁着兴奋的光芒”翻译为twinkle with excitement,在句中作宾语补足语,用make sth. do结构,故twinkle用原形;句首单词首字母大写。故填What is it that makes your eyes twinkle with excitement。
(2023·全国乙,书面表达)
【54题答案】
【答案】under the guidance of my teacher and constant practice that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句及固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“在老师的指导和不断的练习下”。本句为It was ... that ...强调句型,强调方式状语;“在老师的指导下”译为under the guidance of my teacher;“和不断的练习”译为and constant practice。故填under the guidance of my teacher and constant practice that。
(读后续写之助人与善举)
【55题答案】
【答案】 ①. Not until I experienced the event did I realize ②. It was not until I experienced the event that
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句和强调句。句意:直到我经历了这件事,我才意识到一个小小的关怀举动可以融化人们的孤独。第一空考查否定词置于句首,主句需采用部分倒装结构,因此将表示否定意义的Not until从句置于句首,同时将助动词did提到主语I之前,实义动词realized还原为原形realize即可;第二空考查强调句,结构为It is/was +被强调部分+ that +其他部分,本句强调时间状语Not until从句,且原句时态为一般过去时,故用 It was ... that ... 结构。故填①Not until I experienced the event did I realize;②It was not until I experienced the event that。
13 形容词(短语) 作状语
Early in the morning, I woke up excited,一大早,我就兴奋地醒来了。
(读后续写之动作链描写)
【56题答案】
【答案】Curious and thrilled
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“又好奇又激动”;句子描述女孩的情绪状态,此处用形容词短语作原因状语,修饰主语the girl;“好奇的”翻译为curious,“激动的、兴奋的”翻译为thrilled,二者为并列关系,用and连接;置于句首,句首单词首字母大写。故填Curious and thrilled。
(应用文写作之告知信)
【57题答案】
【答案】Delighted to know that you’ve intended to join the Weiqi Club in our school
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、形容词短语和宾语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“很高兴知道你打算参加我们学校的围棋俱乐部”;“很高兴知道”表达为Delighted to know that ...,在句中作原因状语;“你打算”用现在完成时you’ve intended to强调“已经打算”的状态;intend to do表示“打算做某事”;“参加(俱乐部/社团)”用join;“围棋俱乐部”翻译为Weiqi Club;“我们学校”用in our school作后置定语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Delighted to know that you’ve intended to join the Weiqi Club in our school。
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
【58题答案】
【答案】Afraid of not finding the way to the farm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语作状语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“害怕找不到回农场的路”。本句“sat and held”作谓语;“害怕做某事”常见表达为afraid of doing sth,形容词短语在句中作状语;“回农场的路”译为the way back to the farm,作宾语。故填Afraid of not finding the way back to the farm。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【59~63题答案】
【答案】59. n.特色,特征
60. n.字,字体 61. n.人物,角色
62. n.性格 63. n.品性
【解析】
【59题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:这本用汉字写成的书的主要特色是对体育界有着坚强性格的知名人物的描写。根据“The main character of the book”可知,此处character为名词,指“书的主要特色/特征”。故填:n. 特色,特征。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:这本用汉字写成的书的主要特色是对体育界有着坚强性格的知名人物的描写。根据“Chinese characters”可知,此处characters为名词,指“汉字、字体”。故填:n. 字,字体。
【61题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:这本用汉字写成的书的主要特色是对体育界有着坚强性格的知名人物的描写。根据“famous characters in the sports field”可知,此处characters为名词,指“体育界的知名人物、角色”。故填:n. 人物,角色。
【62题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:这本用汉字写成的书的主要特色是对体育界有着坚强性格的知名人物的描写。根据“a strong character”可知,此处character为名词,指“人物的性格”。故填:n. 性格。
【63题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:毕竟,体育是品性塑造的养料。根据“character building(品性塑造)”可知,此处character为名词,指“品性、品格”。故填:n. 品性。
【64~66题答案】
【答案】64. vt.吞下,咽下
65. n.燕子 66. vt.抑制
【解析】
【64题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我正吃着最爱的冰淇淋时,看到一只燕子朝我飞来。was swallowing后接宾语my favourite ice-cream,表吞咽食物的动作,因此swallow是及物动词,意为“吞下,咽下”。故填:vt.吞下,咽下。
【65题详解】
考查名词词义。句意同上。根据“a swallow flying”可知,此处描述会飞的生物,swallow是名词,意为“燕子”。故填:n.燕子。
【66题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我难掩心中的惊讶,激动地大叫起来。swallow后接my amazement作宾语,表克制情绪,swallow是及物动词,意为“抑制,忍住”。故填:vt.抑制。
【67~69题答案】
【答案】67. vt.撕裂
68. n.撕裂(伤口)
69. n.眼泪,泪水
【解析】
【67题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“his wound was torn”可知,此处torn为谓语动词,是tear的过去分词形式,指“撕裂”。故填:vt. 撕裂。
【68题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“the pain caused by the tear”可知,此处tear为名词,指“撕裂(伤口)”。故填:n. 撕裂(伤口)。
【69题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:由于一场意外事故,他的伤口被撕裂了,由撕裂造成的疼痛让他突然哭了起来。根据“burst into tears”可知,此处tears为名词,指“眼泪,泪水”。故填:n. 眼泪,泪水。
【70~73题答案】
【答案】70. vt. (使)扩大, (使)扩展
71. vt.伸出,伸开
72. vi.延伸(距离)
73. vt.提供,给予,表示
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”在他人无私帮助下将公司业务拓展至香港,随后与对方携手漫步河边,并向其表达诚挚谢意的温馨经历。
【70题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:她无私地帮助我把公司的业务扩展到香港。句中“extend my company’s services to Hong Kong”表示将公司业务范围扩大至香港,extend为及物动词,意为“(使)扩大,(使)扩展”。故填:vt.(使)扩大,(使)扩展。
【71题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我伸出左手,握住她的手,沿着那条延伸向河边的路漫步。句中“extended my left hand”描述肢体动作,extended为及物动词,意为“伸出,伸开”。故填:vt.伸出,伸开。
【72题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:同上。此处“extending to the river”作后置定语修饰road,表道路向远方延展的状态,extending为不及物动词,意为“延伸(距离)”。故填:vi.延伸(距离)。
【73题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:聊天时,我向她表达了诚挚的谢意。句中“extended my sincere thanks to her”表示向对方传递感谢的情感,extended为及物动词,意为“提供,给予,表示”。故填:vt.提供,给予,表示。
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
【74题答案】
【答案】On
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:在这个特殊的时刻,家人们会聚集在一起赏月、吃月饼。固定搭配on this special occasion表示“在这个特殊的场合/时刻”,句首首字母需大写。故填On。
【75题答案】
【答案】graduation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:令我失望的是,我父亲没有参加我的毕业典礼。修饰ceremony需要用表“用途/类别”的名词形式作定语,表示“毕业”这一事件,用graduate的名词形式graduation,不可数名词。故填graduation。
【76题答案】
【答案】congratulations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:我向这位在羽毛球比赛中获得铜牌的运动员致以诚挚的祝贺。形容词sincere后需接名词,congratulate的名词形式是congratulation“祝贺、恭喜”,常用复数形式构成固定搭配send one’s sincere congratulations to sb.,表示“向某人致以诚挚的祝贺”,符合语境。故填congratulations。
【77题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:他的申请被拒绝了,这也是他今天下午心情不好的原因。根据句意可知,此处考查固定短语account for,意为“是……的原因;解释”,介词for符合语境。故填for。
【78题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我的英语老师非常重视良好的发音,因为从长远来看,良好的发音有助于我们更好地记住单词。此处为介词的固定搭配:attach great importance to意为“非常重视”。故填to。
【79题答案】
【答案】scared
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:一辆汽车从她身边飞驰而过,撞到了她面前的一棵大树,她吓得说不出话来。此处为“too + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构,表示“太……而不能做某事”;所给词scare的形容词形式scared表示“感到害怕的、受惊的”,用于描述人的感受,在句中作表语。故填scared。
【80题答案】
【答案】Surrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被热情的观众包围着,这位冠军感到兴奋和快乐。句子的谓语动词是felt,此处需填非谓语动词;surround“包围”与其逻辑主语the champion之间是被动关系,因此应用过去分词形式作状语;句首单词首字母大写。故填Surrounded。
【81题答案】
【答案】fortunate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我很幸运能有幸遇到这样一位好老师,在我情绪低落时他能鼓励我。根据句意可知,此处位于系动词I’m之后,作表语,需填入fortune的形容词形式fortunate,构成be fortunate to do sth(幸运地做某事)的固定搭配。故填fortunate。
【82题答案】
【答案】forward
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我有一则消息要宣布!是我们的班长提出了这样一个绝妙的主意来解决这个问题。根据句意可知,此处需要表达“提出(主意、建议等)”的含义,固定短语put forward符合语境。故填forward。
【83题答案】
【答案】is believed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:人们认为定期锻炼可以预防疾病。结合句意以及It可知,此处为固定句型It is believed that ...,意为“人们认为……;据说……”,使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is believed。
【84题答案】
【答案】so
【解析】
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意:他的父亲如此严厉地责备他,以至于他忍不住流下了眼泪。根据“... sharply that he couldn’t help shedding tears”可知,此处需用so修饰副词sharply,构成“so + 副词 + that从句”的固定结构,表 “如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故填so。
【85题答案】
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意:正是他缺乏自信,才让他中途放弃了这个项目。该句型的结构为:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分,此处被强调的是事物,所以用that。故填that。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——春节
【86题答案】
【答案】参考范文
Dear William,
How is it going? I am more than glad to have received your email during the Chinese Spring Festival, which is one of the best wishes I’ve ever got. Delighted to learn that you are interested in my Spring Festival holiday, I am writing to tell you something about it.
It is thought that the Spring Festival is the most important and meaningful festival in China. The Chinese people look forward to the special occasion when they watch the Spring Festival Gala, visit fairs and put up couplets and so on. So deeply was I attracted to the celebrations that I didn’t even want to get back home. How was it that you spent the festival in Australia and would you please introduce something special about it in your country?
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给澳大利亚笔友回一封电子邮件,介绍自己的春节假期情况,并询问澳大利亚的特色节日。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的:glad → delighted
对……感兴趣:be interested in → show interest in
期待:look forward to → expect
介绍:introduce → demonstrate
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:I am looking forward to your reply.
同义句:I am expecting your early reply.
【点睛】[高分句型1] So deeply was I attracted to the celebrations that I didn’t even want to get back home. (运用了so ... that ...结构和部分倒装)
[高分句型2] The Chinese people look forward to the special occasion when they watch the Spring Festival Gala, visit fairs and put up couplets and so on. (运用了when引导的定语从句)
【完成句子】
【87题答案】
【答案】Delighted to learn that you are interested in my Spring Festival holiday, I am writing to tell you something about it.
【解析】
【详解】Delighted to learn that ...为形容词短语作原因状语,that引导宾语从句;“对……感兴趣”用固定搭配 be interested in;“春节假期”译为Spring Festival holiday;主句时态为现在进行时,I am writing to do sth表示“正在写信做某事”,体现写信目的;“告诉你一些关于它的事情”译为 tell you something about it。
【88题答案】
【答案】It is thought that the Spring Festival is the most important and meaningful festival in China.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、形容词最高级和名词。本句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。“人们认为……”用固定句型“It is thought that…”;表达,其中 It 为形式主语,that 引导主语从句。“春节”译为the Spring Festival,是专有名词,首字母需大写。“最重要、最有意义的”用形容词最高级“the most important and meaningful”表达,修饰名词festival(节日)。“在中国”译为“in China”,在句中作地点状语。故翻译为 It is thought that the Spring Festival is the most important and meaningful festival in China.
【89题答案】
【答案】The Chinese people look forward to the special occasion when they watch the Spring Festival Gala, visit fairs and put up couplets and so on.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。根据句意可知,句子描述的是春节期间中国人的传统习俗,这是每年重复发生的习惯性行为,因此用一般现在时来表示;“中国人”译为The Chinese people,作主语时,谓语用复数,句首首字母大写;“期待着”译为look forward to;结合题目要求,“这个特殊的时刻”译为the special occasion,occasion此处为先行词,应用关系副词when引导定语从句;“看春节联欢晚会”译为watch the Spring Festival Gala,“逛集市”译为visit fairs,“贴春联”译为put up couplets,这三者构成并列关系,且都作定语从句中谓语动词的并列成分,用and连接,主语“他们”用they,谓语用复数;“等”译为and so on。故翻译为The Chinese people look forward to the special occasion when they watch the Spring Festival Gala, visit fairs and put up couplets and so on.
【90题答案】
【答案】So deeply was I attracted to the celebrations that I didn’t even want to get back home.
【解析】
【详解】考查结果状语从句、时态、固定短语和倒装结构。句子描述过去发生的动作,时态为一般过去时。题干要求使用so ... that ...结构,表达“深深吸引”用deeply be attracted to;当so + 形容词置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装,句中主语是I,把be动词was提到主语之前,构成So deeply was I attracted to;“庆祝活动”对应名词celebrations;that引导结果状语从句,“甚至都不想回家了”翻译为I didn’t even want to get back home,其中“回家”用固定短语get back home。故翻译为So deeply was I attracted to the celebrations that I didn’t even want to get back home.
【91题答案】
【答案】How was it that you spent the festival in Australia and would you please introduce something special about it in your country?
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、强调句和并列句。这句话描述的是过去的过节经历,用一般过去时;“你在澳大利亚是如何度过这个节日的”译为How was it that you spent the festival in Australia,结合题目要求,使用强调句型的特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词 + was/is + it + that + 原句剩余部分,How置于句首时,首字母要大写;“而且你能介绍一下这个节日在你们国家的特别之处吗”译为and would you please introduce something special about it in your country,表请求“你能……?”用would you please表示;句子包含两个并列的问句:①询问过去的过节方式;②请求介绍节日特别之处,两者属于并列递进关系,用并列连词and衔接,共同构成一个完整的疑问句。故翻译为How was it that you spent the festival in Australia and would you please introduce something special about it in your country?
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_________________________________________________
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:圣诞夜】
【92~97题答案】
【答案】92. a wave of sorrow and loneliness washed over us
93. we felt ourselves seized by a burst of sadness and were on the verge of tears
94. tears rolling down her cheeks
95. numb with sorrow
96. abandoning ourselves to great sadness
97. Our sinking hearts were melted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在圣诞夜入住糟糕旅馆后接连遭遇不顺,心情跌入谷底,最终因一个陌生男孩的善意举动重获温暖与喜悦的故事。
【92题详解】
考查无灵主语句。“一股悲伤和孤独涌上心头”需用无灵主语句,即用无生命事物作主语,也就是“一股悲伤和孤独”作主语,译为a wave of sorrow and loneliness,“涌上心头”用短语wash over sb,根据checked可知是一般过去时。故译为a wave of sorrow and loneliness washed over us。
【93题详解】
考查时态。“我们感到一阵悲伤,几乎要哭出来了”,第一个谓语“感到一阵悲伤”可表达为feel ourselves seized by a burst of sadness,过去分词作宾语补足语表示“被悲伤席卷”,第二个谓语“几乎要哭出来了”可以用用固定句型be on the verge of tears,句子时态为一般过去时。故译为we felt ourselves seized by a burst of sadness and were on the verge of tears。
【94题详解】
考查独立主格结构。“眼泪顺着脸颊淌了下来”在句中作状语,因为句中已有谓语buried,所以用独立主格结构,主语“眼泪”用tears,动词“流淌下来”用roll down ... ,表示主动,因此是现在分词形式,宾语“脸颊”用her cheeks。故译为tears rolling down her cheeks。
【95题详解】
考查形容词。“悲伤得麻木了”用形容词短语numb with sorrow,在句中作伴随状语。故译为numb with sorrow。
【96题详解】
考查非谓语动词。“沉浸在巨大的悲伤中”,“沉浸在”用abandon oneself to ... ,“巨大的悲伤”用great sadness,此句已有谓语sat,因此是非谓语,主语All of us与其逻辑主语abandon为主谓关系,因此用现在分词短语作状语。故译为abandoning ourselves to great sadness。
【97题详解】
考查非谓语动词。“我们沉重的心被融化了”中“沉重的心”用our sinking hearts,“被融化了”用被动语态be melted,句子时态为一般过去时且主语为复数。故译为Our sinking hearts were melted。
第1页/共1页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$