Welcome Unit Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（课件）英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦基本句型结构（SV、SVO等）及句子成分（主、谓、宾等），通过“语法作用提问+长短句对比”导入，搭建“句子成分识别—句型分类—文本分析”的学习支架，衔接基础认知与语用应用。 其亮点是任务设计梯度化，从句型匹配到语篇分析，结合思维导图总结与自评表，培养语言能力和思维品质。如Task 3分析语篇句子结构，提升学生分析与运用能力，为教师提供结构化教学资源，提高教学效率。

Welcome Unit 高中英语人教版必修第一册 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures Learning objectives Students can have a good understanding of the basic sentence structures and basic components of a sentence. Students are able to identify the basic sentence structures—SV; SVO; SP; SV IO DO; SVOC; There be... Students can learn to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text. Students can master and use the basic sentence structures flexibly. Contents 1. Lead in 2. Members of a sentence 3. Simple sentence structures 4. Text exercises 5. Summary 6. Assessment 7. Assessment 01. Lead in Lead in What do you think of grammar? Grammar plays an essential role in language learning. Why ? The role of grammar is to help us organize words in order, so we can make correct sentences. Lead in short sentences long sentences I love you. Your life only lasts for a few decades, so be sure that you don’t leave any regrets. Laugh or cry as you like, and it’s meaningless to oppress yourself. To study grammar, we start with simple sentences. forward [ˈfɔːwəd] adv. 向前adj. 向前的 flash [flæʃ] n. 光；vi. 闪光；vt. 使闪耀 organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] vt. 组织；筹备；vi. 组建 strategy [ˈstrætədʒi] n. 策略；策划 goal [ɡəʊl] n. 目标；球门；射门 partner [ˈpɑːtnə(r)] n. 同伴；配偶；合伙人 improve [ɪmˈpruːv] vi. & vt. 改进；改善 take notes 记笔记 在线学单词 Lead in 02. Members of a sentence Members of a sentence P DO O A C (subject) S V (verb) (object) (predicative) (adverbial) (direct object) I0 (object complement) (indirect object) （同位语） appositive （定语） attribute 主语 状语 宾语补足语 直接宾语 表语 宾语 间接宾语 谓语 主语 表示句子主要说明的人或事物。用“S”表示。 Members of a sentence Country music has become mmore and more popular. We often speak English in class. One-third of the students are girls. To swim in the pool is a pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health. The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have a day off has not been decided. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 名词 代词 数词 动词不定式 形容词名词化 动名词 句子作主语， 主语从句 it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语 主语 (S-subject): 表明句子说的是谁或什么情况，一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句等充当。 谓语 说明主语动作、状态或特征。用“V”表示。 Members of a sentence We study to create a better world. I can speak some English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing. 简单谓语 复合谓语 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语： a.由情态动词+动词原形或其他助动词加动词某种形式构成。 He can speak English. b.助动词：帮助构成时态和语态，不同时态有不同的助动词,后加动词的某种形式构成谓语。 They are talking about something. I have seen the film before. 助动词和情态动词须和 实义动词一起构成谓语 宾语 表示动作行为指向的对象。用“O”表示。 Members of a sentence  He reads a book.  He loves her.  He wants three.  He likes swimming.  She wants to fly.  He waits for the chance.  He bought her a coat. 名词 代词 数词 动名词 不定式 her：间接宾语；a coat：直接宾语 名词 (介宾) 宾语（跟在动词或介词后面） 宾语 (O-object): 表示动作、行为的对象；宾语一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式等充当；及物动词后称为动词宾语，介词后称为介词宾语；有些动词可接双宾语 (即直接宾语 → 常指物，和间接宾语 → 常指人)。 宾语 表示动作行为指向的对象。用“O”表示。 Members of a sentence 在动词后方所跟的双宾语中，表示物的叫做直接宾语direct object（简称“直宾”）， 表示人的叫做间接宾语(indirect object)。 He read us the text. → He read the text to us. My sister wrote me a letter. → My sister wrote a letter to me. Henry teaches us English. → Henry teaches English to us. My mother bought me a watch. → My mother bought a watch for me. 直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语indirect object 双宾语 人是间接宾语，物是直接宾语 系动词 状态系动词，表示主语的状态、身份等。 Members of a sentence 系动词起连接主语和表语作用，本身有一定词义，它和实义动词一样有时态变化，也受主语人称和数的影响。 The day turns long. He gets angry. He seems ill. It remains a mystery. 常见的系动词： 1.be 动词：am, is, are 2.状态类系动词：stay, keep, remain, get 等 3.感官系动词：feel, smell, taste, sound等 4. 变化类系动词：get, become, grow, go, turn等 5. “看起来，似乎”系动词：seem, look, appear 表语 位于系动词后，说明主语身份、状态等。用“P”表示。 Members of a sentence My sister is a doctor. Are these pens yours? The weather has turned cool. The speech is exciting. The price of the shirt is $8. His job is to edit some articles. The pencil is in your box. Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he breaks the glass. 名词 代词 形容词 形容词 数词 动词不定式 介词短语 副词 表语从句 表语 (P-predicative)：用在系动词之后, 说明主语“是什么” “怎么样”；一般可由名词、形容词、动名词、动词不定式、代词、数词、介词短语等充当。 宾补 补充说明宾语。用“C”表示。 Members of a sentence His father named him Tutu. The workers painted the walls white. You cannot force him to do something. We saw him entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order. 宾语补足语 (Object complement): 用来补充说明宾语的情况。 英语中有些及物动词接宾语后，意义仍然不完整，还需要一个句子成分来补充说明宾语的意义，状态等，这就是宾语补足语。 名词 形容词 动词不定式 动名词 介词短语 定语 对名词或代词起修饰，限定作用。 Members of a sentence 定语 (attribute)：用来修饰或限制名词或代词的成分; 一般可由形容词、非谓语动词、名词、数词、 冠词、介词短语等充当。  a nice girl  three cups  something to eat  a sleeping baby  the burnt food  a cat in the room  a shoe shop 形容词 现在分词 名词 不定式 数词 介词短语 过去分词 状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。用“A”表示。 Members of a sentence 1. How about meeting again at six? 2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. 3. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 4. Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. 5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 6. She sat there, reading a book. 7. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 8. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 9. she works very hard though she is old. 10. I am taller than he is. 时间 原因 条件 地点 方式 伴随 目的 结果 让步 比较 03. Simple sentence structures Simple sentence structures 主谓 (SV) 主谓宾 (SVO) 主系表 (SP) 主谓双宾 (S V IO DO) 5. 主谓宾+宾补 (SVOC) 6. 主谓状 (SVA) 7. 主谓宾状 (SVOA) 8. there be …  The sun was shining.  The moon rose.  The universe remains.  Who cares? 1. 主谓 (SV)：S+Vi （不及物动词）  Who knows the answer?  He enjoys reading.  They ate what was left over.  I want to have a cup of tea. 2. 主谓宾 (SVO)：S+Vt (及物动词)+O Simple sentence structures SV 主语+谓语(不及物动词) 此句型中 “主语+不及物动词/词组”构成句子的主体部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。 注意：有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。 例1 Class begins. 例3 Her mother has gone abroad. 例2 The rain has stopped. 例4 The red sun rise in the east. SV SV SVA SVA Simple sentence structures SVO 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整。 注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物动词，之后可加宾语。 例1 You must listen to your teacher. 例2 My father arrived in London yesterday. 例3 He is laughing at the crippled woman. 例4 I’ll write about my football team in myfuture books. Simple sentence structures SVP 主语+系动词+表语 此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态的表语，才能表达完整的意思。 例1 She became a singer. 例2 My brother is out now. 例3 Breakfast smells good. Simple sentence structures SV IO DO 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 常见的可接双宾语的动词有：give, send, bring, owe, take, offer, pass, lend, tell, return, promise, show, write, throw, hand, award, grant等 例2 I bought Tom a birthday gift. 间接宾语 直接宾语 例1 I showed her my photos. 间接宾语 直接宾语 Simple sentence structures SVOC 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加一个宾补才能表达完整的意思。 常见的可做宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词，介词短语，动词不定式,不带to的动词不定式等  They appointed him manager.  They painted the door green.  This set them thinking.  They found the house deserted. Simple sentence structures SVOA 主谓宾+状语 在主谓宾句型的基础上补充时间，地点，原因，条件，方式等信息。 I have my first class at senior high school . 状语 Simple sentence structures There be …  There are three people in my uncle’s family.  There is a pen and two books on the desk.  There isn’t a boy in the room.  There aren’t any books on the desk.  There’s a lot to explore at senior high.  There’s a boy sitting under the tree. 该句型可以表示“某地有(存在)某物”， 或当我们不知道是谁有……时，也可用该句型。 04. Text exercises Text exercises Task 1 Study the sentence structures. Sentence structure Sentences Your Sentences SV All of us laughed. SVO I miss my grandma. SP The teacher was kind and friendly S V IO DO He told us a funny story. SVOC I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. SVA He talked too much. SVOA I had my first maths class at senior high school. There be … There’s a lot to explore at senior high. Text exercises Task 2 Read the sentences and analyse the structures. 1. The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. S 主语 V 谓语 A 状语 2. We must act. S 主语 V 谓语 3. The maths homework looks easy. S 主语 P 系表 4. The teacher found the classroom empty. S 主语 V 谓语 O 宾语 C 宾补 这所有着一百年历史的学校坐落于市中心 我们必须行动起来。 数学作业看起来挺简单。 老师觉得教室空荡荡的。 Text exercises Task 2 Read the sentences and analyse the structures. 5. My mum bought me a new dictionary. 6. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. 7. There is an English Corner at our school. 8. We had chemistry in the newly built lab. S 主语 V 谓语 DO 直宾 IO 间宾 S 主语 V 谓语 O 宾语 有 某物 某地 S 主语 V 谓语 O 宾语 A 状语 There be 句型 我妈妈给我买了一本新的字典。 汤姆期盼遇见一位新的交换生。 在我们学校有一个新的英语角。 在新建的实验室里我们上了一节化学课。 Text exercises Task 3 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship. There's always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea! Text exercises Task 3 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. that dream has come true! Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! 主谓（S+V） 主语(S)：that dream 谓语(V)：has come true（不及物动词短语，无宾语） 主谓（S+V+状语） 主语(S)：Tim and his classmates 谓语(V)：are living 地点状语：on a ship Text exercises Task 3 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. They also learn about ships and the sea. 主谓宾（S+V+O） 主语(S)：They 谓语(V)：learn about 宾语(O)：ships and the sea Text exercises Task 3 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. 两个并列分句 ① Tim writes his parents an email every week 句型：主谓双宾（S+V+间接宾语+直接宾语） 主语：Tim；谓语：writes；间接宾语：his parents；直接宾语：an email；时间状语：every week ② (Tim) tells them what happened on the ship 主语承前省略；谓语：tells；间接宾语：them；直接宾语：宾语从句 what happened on the ship Text exercises Task 3 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. There's always something exciting to do. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun. there be 真正主语：something exciting to do 定语：exciting / to do（修饰不定代词something） 主系表（S+Link.V+P） 主语(S)：Studying and doing homework（动名词短语作主语） 系动词(Link.V)：seem 表语(P)：much more fun 05. Summary Summary Period 3 06. Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to identify the basic sentence structures. 2.After learning, I am able to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text. 3.After learning, I am able to master and use the basic sentence structures flexibly. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 Assessment 07. Homework Draw a mind map of sentence members and structures. Homework Thank you for your listening < > goal [ɡəʊl] n. 目标；球门；射门 🔊发音 归纳 ➤ set a goal 设定目标 ➤ learning goals 学习目标 ➤ score a goal 得一分 ➤ achieve one's goal / reach his goal 实现目标 goal [ɡəʊl] n. 目标；球门；射门 🔊发音 拓展 ①Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal earning a nursing degree. ②One fall, my wife Elli and I had single goal: to photograph polar bears. ③Your goal is not (be) a perfect public speaker. ④有志者事竟成。 A strong-willed soul can . $null