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人教版英语四年级上册 Unit 1 Helping at home 知识清单
一、单元主题概述
本单元围绕“在家帮忙”(Helping at home)这一主题展开,主要学习用英语谈论家庭成员的职业,以及表达自己能在家做哪些事情。通过本单元的学习,学生将能够询问和介绍家人的工作,主动提出在家分担家务,体会家庭责任与关爱。
二、核心词汇
(一)职业类词汇(重点掌握)
doctor 医生
nurse 护士
farmer 农场主;农民
worker 工人
factory worker 工厂工人
office worker 公司职员;办公室职员
PE teacher 体育老师
cook 厨师(名词);烹饪(动词)
teacher 老师
(二)家务活动类词汇
clean the room 打扫房间
sweep the floor 扫地
cook food 做饭
look after 照顾;照料
do chores 做家务
make a gift 制作礼物
help at home 在家帮忙
(三)其他常用词汇
job 工作;职业
busy 忙碌的
tired 疲惫的
together 在一起
helpful 有帮助的
family 家庭;家人
room 房间
floor 地板;地面
词汇学习小提示:职业类单词在生活中很常见,可以让孩子用英语介绍家人的职业,边指边练,记忆更牢固。
三、重点短语
1. help at home —— 在家帮忙
2. clean the room —— 打扫房间
3. sweep the floor —— 扫地
4. look after my sister —— 照顾我的妹妹/弟弟
5. do some chores —— 做一些家务
6. make a gift —— 制作礼物
7. cook together —— 一起做饭
8. have fun together —— 一起玩得开心
9. be busy and tired —— 又忙又累
10. work in a hospital —— 在医院工作
11. work in a factory —— 在工厂工作
12. teach Chinese —— 教汉语
四、核心句型
(一)询问和回答职业
—What’s your father’s job? —He’s a doctor.
解析:这是本单元最重要的句型之一,用于询问对方的父亲/母亲/某人是做什么工作的。回答用“He’s/She’s + a/an + 职业名词”。注意:职业名词前要用不定冠词a/an。
例句:
- —What’s your mother’s job? ——你妈妈是做什么工作的?
- —She’s a nurse. ——她是一名护士。
- —What’s your grandpa’s job? ——你爷爷是做什么工作的?
- —He’s a farmer. ——他是一名农民。
(二)询问家人身份
—Is this your father? —Yes, it is. He’s a PE teacher.
解析:“Is this...?”用于询问“这是……吗?”,回答用“Yes, it is.”或“No, it isn’t.”。
(三)询问能为家人做什么
—What can we do for them? —We can do some chores.
解析:这是本单元另一个重点句型,用于询问“我们能为他/她们做什么”。回答用“We/ I can + 动词原形 + 其他”。注意:can是情态动词,后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。
例句:
- —What can you do for your mum? ——你能为你妈妈做什么?
- —I can clean the room and sweep the floor. ——我能打扫房间和扫地。
- —What can we do for our grandparents? ——我们能为我们爷爷奶奶做什么?
- —We can make a gift for them. ——我们可以为他们制作一份礼物。
(四)描述家庭活动
We often cook together and have fun.
解析:用“We often + 动词原形 + 其他”来描述家庭成员经常一起做的事。“often”意为“经常”。
例句:
- We often do some chores together. ——我们经常一起做家务。
- I often look after my sister. ——我经常照顾我妹妹。
五、核心语法要点
(一)情态动词 can 的用法
can 是情态动词,意为“能;可以”,后面必须接动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化,无论主语是谁,都用 can。
- 肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形。
- I can clean the room. 我能打扫房间。
- 否定句:主语 + can’t (cannot) + 动词原形。
- I can’t cook. 我不会做饭。
- 一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
- Can you sweep the floor? 你会扫地吗?
- 肯定回答:Yes, I can. 否定回答:No, I can’t.
(二)名词所有格
表示“……的”,在名词后面加 ’s。
- father’s job —— 父亲的工作
- mother’s job —— 母亲的工作
- Sarah’s family —— Sarah的家庭
- grandpa’s chair —— 爷爷的椅子
(三)职业名词前的不定冠词
职业名词前要用 a 或 an:
- 以辅音音素开头用 a:a doctor, a nurse, a farmer, a worker, a teacher, a cook
- 以元音音素开头用 an:an office worker(office以元音音素开头)
(四)动词第三人称单数(了解即可)
一般现在时中,主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it/单个人名)时,动词要加 -s 或 -es。
- make → makes(如:My grandpa makes chairs.)
- teach → teaches(如:She teaches Chinese.)
六、语音知识:字母组合 ch 的发音
本单元重点学习字母组合ch在单词中的发音,发 /tʃ/ 音。
发音要领:舌尖轻轻抵住上牙齿龈后部,形成阻碍,气流冲破阻碍,摩擦成音,声带不振动。
例词:
- teacher(老师)
- chair(椅子)
- lunch(午餐)
- China(中国)
- Chinese(汉语;中国人)
- peach(桃子)
- teach(教)
- kitchen(厨房)
- child(孩子)
- chicken(鸡肉)
练习小提示:家长可以和孩子一起读这些单词,感受 ch 发 /tʃ/ 的规律,看到含有 ch 的新单词时可以试着拼读出来。
配套暑假预习练习
一、根据汉语提示补全句子。(10分)
1. —What’s your ________’s job?(爸爸) —He’s a doctor.
2. —What’s your mother’s ________?(工作) —She’s a teacher.
3. Mum and Dad are ________ and ________.(又忙又累)
4. I can ________ the room.(打扫)
5. I can ________ the floor.(扫地)
6. We can ________ some chores.(做)
7. We can also ________ a gift.(制作)
8. Can you ________ after your sister?(照顾)
二、连词成句,注意大小写和标点。(10分)
1. is / your / What / father’s / job (?)
________________________________________________
2. a / is / doctor / He (.)
________________________________________________
3. can / clean / I / the / room (.)
________________________________________________
4. can / do / We / some / chores (.)
________________________________________________
5. is / your / this / father (?)
________________________________________________
三、单项选择。(10分)
( ) 1. —What’s your mother’s job? —________
A. She’s a nurse. B. He’s a nurse. C. She’s nurse.
( ) 2. My father is ________ office worker.
A. a B. an C. the
( ) 3. I can ________ the floor at home.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping
( ) 4. —What can you do for your mum? —I can ________.
A. clean the room B. cleans the room C. cleaning the room
( ) 5. Mum and Dad are busy and ________.
A. happy B. tired C. helpful
( ) 6. My grandpa ________ chairs.
A. make B. makes C. making
( ) 7. —Can you cook? —________.
A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I am. C. Yes, I can.
( ) 8. We often do some chores ________.
A. together B. tired C. busy
( ) 9. —Is this your father? —________.
A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, he is. C. No, he isn’t.
( ) 10. My sister is a baby. I look ________ her.
A. at B. after C. for
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空。(5分)
1. What ________ (be) your father’s job?
2. She is a ________ (work). She works in a factory.
3. My sister ________ (can) clean the room.
4. We can do some ________ (chore) at home.
5. They ________ (be) my parents.
五、根据情景选择正确的句子。(10分)
( ) 1. 你想问“你妈妈是做什么工作的?”,你应该说:
A. What’s your mother’s job? B. What’s your father’s job? C. What’s your job?
( ) 2. 你想说“我会扫地”,你应该说:
A. I can clean the room. B. I can sweep the floor. C. I can cook.
( ) 3. 你想问“我们能为他/她们做什么?”,你应该说:
A. What can we do for them? B. What can we do for you?
C. What can you do for us?
( ) 4. 你想说“我们可以做一些家务”,你应该说:
A. We can do some homework. B. We can do some chores. C. We can do some shopping.
( ) 5. 当别人对你说“Can you help me?”时,你可以回答:
A. No, I don’t. B. Yes, I can. C. Yes, I am.
六、根据中文提示补全对话。(10分)
情景:Mike和弟弟Matt在商量能为爸妈做什么。
Mike: Mum and Dad are 1. ________ and 2. ________.(又忙又累)
What can we do for 3. ________?(他们)
Matt: We can do some 4. ________.(家务)
Mike: I can 5. ________.(做饭)
Matt: I can 6. ________ the 7. ________.(打扫房间)
Mike: We can also 8. ________ a 9. ________.(制作礼物)
Matt: Great idea!
(他们一起说:)We are 10. ________!(有帮助的)
七、阅读短文,判断句子正(T)误(F)。(10分)
Hello, I’m Lily. I have a happy family. My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. He is very busy. My mother is a nurse. She works in the same hospital. My brother is a student. I’m a student, too. We often do some chores at home.
On weekends, my father can cook food for us. My mother can clean the room. My brother can sweep the floor. I can look after my little sister. We are all helpful at home. We have fun together.
( ) 1. Lily’s father is a nurse.
( ) 2. Lily’s mother works in a hospital.
( ) 3. Lily’s brother can cook food.
( ) 4. Lily can look after her little sister.
( ) 5. They are not helpful at home.
八、小练笔——写一写你的家庭。(15分)
要求:请用英语写出3-5句话,介绍你的家庭成员(至少介绍两位家人)的职业,以及你在家能帮忙做什么。
参考句型:
- I have a happy family.
- My father/mother is a/an...
- I can...
参考答案
一、根据汉语提示补全句子
1. father 2. job 3. busy; tired 4. clean 5. sweep 6. do 7. make 8. look
二、连词成句
1. What is your father’s job?
2. He is a doctor.
3. I can clean the room.
4. We can do some chores.
5. Is this your father?
三、单项选择
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. is 2. worker 3. can 4. chores 5. are
五、根据情景选择正确的句子
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B
六、根据中文提示补全对话
1. busy 2. tired 3. them 4. chores 5. cook
6. clean 7. room 8. make 9. gift 10. helpful
七、阅读理解
1. F(Lily的爸爸是医生,不是护士)
2. T
3. F(Lily的哥哥会扫地,不是做饭)
4. T
5. F(文中说“We are all helpful at home.”)
八、小练笔
(答案不唯一,合理即可)
参考范文:
I have a happy family. My father is a worker. My mother is a nurse. I can help at home. I can clean the room and sweep the floor. We have fun together.
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