Unit 4 Part 3 Discovering Useful S true tures-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

英语必修第一册 4.He speaks English fluently he were a!V.课文语法填空 native speaker. Several days before July 28,1976,many 5.The heavy rain the roof of the house strange things happened in Tangshan.But people in the past week. in the city,1. were asleep as usual that V.完成句子 night,didn't think much of these.At 3:42 a.m., 1.到目前为止，这本小说你看了多少？ one of the most 2. (dead)earthquakes of Up to now,how much of the novel the 20th century broke out.In less than one minute,Tangshan 3. (lie)in ruins.The 2.他就是这样一个将会不遗余力做好本职工作 number of people who were killed or 4. 的人。 (terrible)injured in the quake 5. (be) He is such a person who would more than 400,000.Water,food,and electricity were hard 6. (get).But all the hope on his post. 3.在各个领域似乎不努力就没有成就。 wasn't lost.Soon after the quakes,teams 7. (organise)to dig out the trapped and bury It seemed without making the dead.Many more people,including workers any efforts in all fields. and doctors,came to provide help.Through all 4.在困难时期，那时有太多的苦难，甚至连食物都： the 8. (effort),the city began to 很难找到。 breathe again.Today,9. new Tangshan During the difficult time,when there are too was built upon the earthquake ruins,which has many sufferings,even proved 10. the entire world that in 5.今年，我们公司努力工作的人有90%得到了 times of disaster,people must unify and show the 奖励。 wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter This year,ninety percent of the people future. have been awarded some prize in 温馨提示 请做课时分层检测（十七） our company. Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures 图解·语法脉络 定义→复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 分类→限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限 1.who指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 制 关系 2.whom指人，在从句中作宾语 性 代词 3.whose指人或物，在从句中作定语 定 的用 4.which指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 语 法 5.that指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 从 句 使用 1.定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致 注意 事项 2.定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词 2.The number of people who/that were killed or 感知·语法规律 badly injured in the quake was more than 1.Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the 400,000. most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had 3.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 begun,a quake that/which even caused damage soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. trapped and to bury the dead. 92 Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose Please pass me the book whose cover is green. homes had been destroyed. =Please pass me the book the cover of which is 5.The man (whom/who/that)I have to phone green. lives in Canada. 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。 [即时训练1]用适当的关系代词填空 精讲·语法知识 ①The girl graduated from 一、定语从句的定义与分类 Cambridge University is called Amanda. 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语： ②This is the person you should 从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句 thank for helping your son. 一般放在先行词的后面。 ③Any student family is too poor to l.关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom, go to school can get help from the government. whose,as)和关系副词(when,where,why): ④I like those books topics are about 两类。 history. 2.根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分！4.that和which的用法 为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者： (1)which指物，that既可指人也可指物；它们 紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不： 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在 可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补： 从句中作宾语时可以省略。 充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 Please find a room which/that is big enough for I'd really like to find a friend who I can trust all of us to live in. completely.(限制性定语从句) 请找一间足够大能住下我们所有人的房间。 我真的很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。 This is the house (which/that)we bought last The children,who were injured in a car month. accident,are being treated in the hospital now. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 (非限制性定语从句) This is the thief (that)we have been looking 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受： for these days. 治疗。 这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。 二、关系代词的用法 [即时训练2]用适当的关系代词填空 1.who的用法：who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾 DI still keep the letter she wrote 语和表语，作宾语时可省略。 to me. There is a girl who wants to see you. ②Many westerners come to China 有个女孩儿想见你。 cook much less than in their own countries. 2.whom的用法：whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可 3Do you still remember the chicken farm 省略，此时也可用who代替。 we visited three months ago? The old man (who/whom)you saw yesterday is ④The film you are looking forward a thinker. to seeing will be on tomorrow. 你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。 (2)在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能 3.whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从 用that而不用which的情况。 句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前： ①当先行词是all,little,few,none,anything, 置所有格。它可以转化为“the+名词+of: something,everything,nothing等不定代词时。 which/whom”和“of which/whom+the+名词”： Can you give me anything that has no sugar 的形式。 inside？能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西？ This is the scientist whose name is known all ②当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数 over the country. 词或形容词最高级修饰时。 =This is the scientist the name of whom is This is the first two-storey bus that runs in our known all over the country. city. 这就是那位全国知名的科学家。 这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。 93 英语必修第一册 ③当先行词被the only,the very,the same,;三，使用定语从句的注意事项 the right等修饰时。 :1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的 This is the very scarf that mother has been 谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is looking for. hers. 这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。 ④当先行词既有人又有物时。 [名师点津]“one of-+复数名词”作先行词，定 We often talk about the persons and things that 语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one we remember. of十复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by (3)句中其他位置已出现与关系代词相同的疑 Charles Dickens. 问词时，应避免重复。 这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本 Which is the car that has overtaken us? He is the only one of the boys in our class who 哪辆车超过我们了？ : has learned French. [即时训练3]补全句子 他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的 ①桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。 2.关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、 宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现 Guilin is the most beautiful city 关系代词所替代的名词或代词。 [译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。 ②她把她感兴趣的物和人都拍摄了下来。 []The film (that/which)we saw it last night She took photographs of the things and people is very frightening. [E]The film (that/which)we saw last night ③写作是她唯一感兴趣的事。 is very frightening. Writing was 温馨提示 请做课时分层检测（十八） interested her. Part 4 Listening and Talking 词汇句式识记 默写单词 二、识记短语 1. 电力供应；能量；力量；控：1. 自然灾害 制力 阻止…做某事 0 n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 vi.&vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 3. 列安全清单 93 n. 管子；管道 握住不放；坚持住 4. vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声 5. 下降到 it. 吹口哨 6 躲避；离……远点 哨子（声）；呼啸声 7. 远离 6 n. 突发事件；紧急情况 空地；露天场所 adj. 镇静的；沉着的 使平静；使镇静 一只救援犬 vt. 7. 援助；帮助；救援物资 10. n. 一个幸运儿 vi.vt. 帮助；援助 三、掌握重点句式 8 n. 成套工具；成套设备 1.I'd like to know what we can do 9. 急救箱 10. 现有（尤指帮助） 我想知道我们能做什么来预防自然灾害。 944.Dmake a greater effort to study hard 2spare no effort to finish 写作训练 Write a summary the task 5.①sufferings ②sufferers ③suffering from④suffered巩固专练 great losses [参考范文] 6.①经历②审查③穿过：经过④通过⑤仔细检查⑥完成 Your attitude,which may influence your future,plays an 第二板块 important role in your daily life.1)To improve your attitude, 1.was too young to understand you should be with the persons with a positive attitude and act with 2.①were②had been③asif/though he didn't care about an exact goal.2)In addition,it doesn't make sense to compare 巩固提升演练 yourself with others.3)Lastly,using polite words like I.1.electricity 2.revived 3.floods 4.disasters 5.damage “please”and“thank you”often and learning to be grateful for 6.context 7.shocked 8.Wisdom 9.death 10.survivors whatever you have will contribute to improving your attitude. lI.1.breath 2.revival 3.wisdom 4.from 5.was trapped 点4) 6.shocking shocked 7.Burying 8.are is 9.ruins 学以致用 10.to drive 参考范文： Ill.1.in shock 2.in ruins 3.suffered from 4.as if 5.has done People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.1) damage to For a long time in history,people of some European countries,such IV.1.have you gone through 2.spare no efforts to do a good job as France,believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. 3.as if there is no achievement 4.food is hard to find 5.who 2)However,people began to change their attitudes to dirt about worked hard i 200 years ago.People have been told that washing dirt off our body V.1.who 2.deadly 3.lay 4.terribly 5.was 6.to get can keep us healthy.3).Some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system,though.(4) 7.were organised 8.efforts 9.a 10.to 核心词汇集释 Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures :l,①t.(钟)敲②ut.侵袭③t.突然想到④t(suddenly) 精讲·语法知识 struck me that 即时训练1 t2.(l)①stand by②stand for③stand out④stand up for (2)⑤stand for ①who②who/whom③whose④whose 3.D was invited to deliver a speech 2to deliver my letters to 即时训练2 ①that/which②who/that③that/which④that/which 巩固提升演练 即时训练3 I.1.flooded 2.disaster 3.buried 4.percent 5.rescued ①that I have ever visited②that she was interested in③the only 6.shelter 7.slid 8.damage 9.efforts 10.contexts II.1.destroyed 2.a 3.struck 4.affect 5.which/that thing that 6.Buried 7.to breathe 8.to track Part 4 Listening and Talking IlI.1.more than 2.At least 3.as many as 4.The number of 5.swept away 6.are expected to 7.thousands of 词汇句式识记 IV.1.powerful 2.killing 3.which 4.off 5.at 6.many 7.is expected 8.higher 9.dangerous 10.it 1.power 2.tap 3.pipe 4.whistle 5.emergency 6.calm 写作专项训练 7.aid 8.kit 9.first aid kit 10.on hand 二、 净角流 To make us students know about how to protect ourselves 1.natural disasters 2.keep...from doing sth 3.make a safety list 4.hold on 5.drop down onto 6.stay away from 7.move during an earthquake,our school organized an earthquake emergency evacuation drill today. away from 8.an open space 9.a rescue dog 10.a lucky dog Before the drill started,our teachers gave us some basic and useful instructions on what to do during an earthquake.When the 1.to prevent natural disasters 2.keep them from becominga ranstudents left the teaching building in order.Within a disasters 3.Hold on to the desk 4.after an earthquake 5.being minute,all of the students gathered in the playground,for which we a rescue dog were praised by our headmaster. 核心词汇集释 This drill is really meaningful and helpful,from which we have ①down②himself③keep calm to solve the problem eaed ome related skills in dealing with emergences inn Part 5 Reading for Writing earthquake. Ⅱ.参考范文： 词汇句式识记 A terrible earthquake which happened in the Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yushu in southern Qinghai caused great 1.crash 2.sweep 3.wave 4.strike 5.deliver 6.summary damage.1)The earthquake affected about 100,000 people and 7.effect 8.length 9.sweep away 10.at least 11.reach a lots of houses and roads there became in ruins after the earthquake. magnitude of...12.off the west coast 13.the quake center 2)Governments,organizations,enterprises and individuals 14.the number of...15.stand at 16.as many as 17.run to went all out to fight against the terrible disaster,supplying the safety 18.be expected to 19.dangerous conditions 20.deliver disaster-stricken areas with donations of money and materials. food and supplies 点3) 240