Unit 4 课时1 Section A 1a-2d（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，Unit 4课时1分层设计覆盖基础达标、能力提升、拓展培优、思维进阶，从词汇句型到语篇应用，构建语言能力与思维品质培育路径。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、词组及基础句型|单词/词组默写、汉语提示填空，强化语言能力基础| |能力提升|语法应用与简单语篇|适当形式填空、短文填空，衔接课堂语法点| |拓展培优|语篇理解与信息提取|阅读还原、阅读理解，提升语篇分析能力| |思维进阶|综合思维与表达|完形填空及读写任务，培养批判性思维与学习能力|

Unit 4 Our Memory 课时1 Section A (1a-2d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 position n. 位置；地方v. 安置；使处于 memorize (=memorise) v. 记住；记忆 tick v. 给…… 打钩 n. 对号；钩号 sadness n. 悲伤 react v. 作出反应；回应 chain n. 链条 retell v. 复述 lecture n. 讲座；讲课 stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的 run out (of sth)用完；耗尽 mix up混淆；弄乱 in one's mind在心里 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（事情未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做） leave sth. at home 把某物落在家里 ay put sth to good use有效使用（利用）某物 link...with... 把…… 和…… 联系起来 attention to (doing) sth. 注意；重视 premind sb about (doing) sth 提醒某人（做）某事 句型 1.-What's up?怎么了？出什么事了？ -I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. 我记不清你让我买的东西了。 2.I wonder how I forgot about the sugar. 我都不知道我怎么把买糖这件事忘了。 3.I left my homework at home . 我把作业落在家里了。 4.I thought it was 9:30! 我原本以为是 9 点半！ 5.Knowledge is like a chain, and new knowledge is best remembered by linking it with old knowledge. 知识就像一条链条，新知识通过将其与旧知识联系起来，记忆效果最好。 6. The more links you create, the more you remember. 你建立的联结越多，记住的内容就越多。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；地方v. 安置 2. ________ /ˈsædnəs/ n. 悲伤 3. __________ /riˈækt/ v. 作出反应；回应 4. ________ /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条 5. ________ /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的；稳固的 6. _______ /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n. 讲座；讲课 7. ________ /ˌriːˈtel/ v. 复述 8. ________ /ˈmeməraɪz/ v. 记住；记忆 9. ________ /tɪk/ v. 给…… 打钩n. 对号；钩号 二、词组默写。 1. 用完；耗尽 _______________________ 2. 忘记去做某事（事情未做）_______________________ 3.忘记做过某事（事情已做） ________________ 4. 把某物落在家里_______________________ 5.把…… 和…… 联系起来___________________ 6. 混淆；弄乱_______________________ 7.注意；重视__________________ 8. 有效使用（利用）某物_______________________ 9.提醒某人（做）某事_______________________10. 在某人脑海中；在心里_______________________ 三、汉语提示填空题 1. 她告诉我他们快要没有时间准备考试了。 She tells me that they ______ ______ ______ ______ time to prepare for the test. 2. 我忘了在祖母生日那天给她打电话，对此我感到很难过。 I ______ ______ ______ my grandmother on her birthday, and I feel terrible about it. 3. 将新词汇与图像联系起来有助于更好地记忆它们。 It's helpful ______ ______ new vocabulary ______ images to memorize them better. 4.我总是把这两个新生的名字混在一起，因为他们听起来太像了。 I always ______ ______ the names of the two new students because they sound so similar. 5.老师告诉我们，我们应该更加注重把新旧知识联系起来。 Teachers tell us that we should ______ ______ ____ ______ ____ new knowledge with old knowledge. 6.他决定把旧电脑捐给学校，好好利用它。 He decided to ______ his old computer ______ ______ ____ by giving it away to a school. 7.她提醒儿子在看电视之前要完成作业。 She ______ her son ______ ______ his homework before watching TV. 8.在我心中，没有比我的家乡更好的地方了。 ______ ______ ____, there is no place better than my hometown. 9. 我相信只要我们足够细心，我们就能避免犯错。 I believe that we can ______ ______ if we are careful enough. 10.You’d better ______ ______. The lecture will begin soon. 你最好快点，讲座马上就要开始了。 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. You must pay attention to ________ (pronounce) the words correctly. 2. She is so ________ (forget) that she often leaves her things everywhere. 3. You can improve your study by ________ (link) knowledge. 4.The teacher reminded them about ________ (review) their lessons. 5. My mother forgot ________ (buy) some vegetables on her way back home from work. 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 exactly, turns, worries, think, creative, high, advice, less, new, discover, however Dreams may make you smart. This was 1 by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream 2 ? Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your 3 experiences with the old memories. As your brain connects things, it 4 them into a story, and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with 5 and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become 6 painful. And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn a lot. This idea is supported by a study. So some scientists 7 you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get 8 marks. Dreams may make you more 9 , too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. 10 , dreams alone can’t bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time 11 about the song before the dreams. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play. 六、阅读还原。 There are many reasons why people read. Sometimes we read because we have to for school. 1 A group of experts from England and China found out that reading for fun is really good for people’s brains later. The experts studied more than 10,000 kids. 2 The first group started reading for fun between the ages of 2 and 9. The other group never read for fun or started much later. It turned out that the first group did better on memory and language tests. 3 She works at Cambridge University in England. She said there’s a strong connection between reading for fun during childhood and doing well in school. The kids with the best results read 12 hours each week. But that’s not all. 4 They felt less stressed and spent less time on their phones. Do you read for fun? If not, you can start now! Remember, you don’t have to read only one kind of book. 5 Find books that make your imagination run wild. You can ask your teachers, parents, or librarians for help. Reading is really good for both your thinking and well-being. Just do it! A．But many people read for fun! B．They put them into two groups. C．You can read anything you like! D．Barbara Sahakian is one of the experts. E．Reading is the best way to improve your memory. F. The study also found that these kids felt happier. 七、阅读理解。 Do you ever notice how one song can make your day? That’s because music doesn’t just enter your ears, it also works on your brain. It can actually impact both your feelings and your memory. Like a special gift may make you feel warm and always remember the day you got it. Music can lift your spirits in a great way. This is because music turns on a part of the brain called the amygdala（杏仁核）, and it sends out special chemicals known as hormones (荷尔蒙). One powerful hormone is dopamine (多巴胺), which helps people feel happy. Music also encourages the brain to produce another kind of hormone called oxytocin (催产素), which helps people feel close to each other. Music also works on memory because when you listen to music, a memory area called the hippocampus （海马体）becomes active. It helps store and recall information. Songs with fixed beats or repeated melodies (旋律) make the hippocampus more active. As a result, the brain can group, repeat and remember information better. Some language courses use this idea. They teach words and sentences with pleasant songs. What music does to our brain makes it very useful. Many people play soft background music while working, because it helps them relax and keep their mind on work. Students can also use music to review words: say them to the beat, or make a new song with the word list. In hospitals, music is sometimes used to help patients with memory problems. Songs from childhood can bring back old memories and help them feel safe. Next time when you feel stressed out or forget what you have just learned, turn to music. Pick a song that matches your purpose, and let your brain reset. 1．What does the underlined word “impact” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Discover. B．Influence. C．Store. D．Collect. 2．Which is the right process from music to feelings according to Paragraph 2? A．music → amygdala → hormones (dopamine) → feel happy B．music → amygdala → hormones (oxytocin) → feel happy C．music → hormones (dopamine) → amygdala → feel close D．music → hormones (oxytocin) → amygdala → feel close 3．According to Paragraph 3, songs _________ help language learners remember words better. A．with simple lyrics B．full of feelings C．with repeated melodies D．full of information 4．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about _________. A．how music was created B．different kinds of music C．music and brain parts D．real-life uses of music 5．The best title for the passage is _________. A．The Power of Music B．Music Around the World C．Music and Feelings D．Music for Fast Learning 八、完形填空。 Do you know some people can “see” with their ears? People make clicking sounds with their tongues. When the sound waves hit a (n) 1 . they come back as echoes (回声). Then people listen to the differences in the echoes and tell 2 the thing is in the dark so they can find their way. This is called echolocation. By practicing this, blind people now can do many things, including riding bikes alone or playing basketball! All these used to be 3 for them without this skill. In the past, scientists thought only blind people could learn echolocation. According to a research, after a person loses sight (视力), there are some changes in his brain. So his brain works 4 compared with the past. Scientists believed this was the key to learning echolocation. But now a new study 5 that sighted people can learn it too! In the study, both blind and sighted people were 6 for 10 weeks, learning to make clicking sounds and use them to navigate （导航）in the dark. With practice, both groups improved! What’s the 7 behind this? While studying their brains after training, scientists found that the visual cortex (视觉皮层) became more 8 when people listened. This happened to both blind and sighted people! Scientists guess this part of brain doesn’t just process what people see—it also 9 information from other senses, like hearing, smell and taste. For blind people, echolocation is more than a skill that makes their lives easier. Even more, this discovery shows how 10 our brains are. Even if you can’t see, your brain can learn new skills, using sounds to help you “see” the world. 1．A．subject B．object C．project D．island 2．A．how B．when C．where D．why 3．A．impossible B．amazing C．boring D．useless 4．A．slowly B．effectively C．differently D．carefully 5．A．shows B．replies C．causes D．hopes 6．A．tested B．trained C．served D．prepared 7．A．problem B．purpose C．advantage D．reason 8．A．bright B．nervous C．active D．tiring 9．A．gives up B．stands for C．focuses on D．deals with 10．A．popular B．forgetful C．powerful D．usual Part 1: Read and Explore All through grade school (小学), I got extra help with schoolwork. If I got a D, I was very happy. If I got a C minus, I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdom I could never enter. Once my teacher, Miss Mills, gave me a list of ten spelling words. My mother and I went over the list until I knew those words. I felt great. I thought, “Wow! This time, I’m going to pass.” The next day, I went into the classroom and began to write down the words. The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor—I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm—I knew there was an r. Suburban—I wrote s-u-b. My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D minus grades. Where did the words go? Some people talk about information sliding off （溜走）your brain. That was my life. I was an under-achiever (未能充分发挥学习潜力者). Now I know I have dyslexia (诵读困难症). A person with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness. Today when I visit schools as an actor, director, and co-author of children’s books, I tell children that everyone has something special inside. It’s our job to find out what that is, get it out, and give it to the world as a gift. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why did the writer’s confidence fail on the spelling test? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What problem does the writer have now? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 结合文章，完成宾语从句改写： Where did the words go? The writer wondered ______________________________________________. Task 2: Complete the chart below： Time & Moment Things the writer did / experienced Feelings & Changes In grade school Only hoped for low grades 1.________________________ Before the spelling test Went over spelling words with mom 2.________________________ During the spelling test Forgot many words 3.________________________ As an adult Encourage kids to find their special points Positive and confident Task 3: Creative Project Everyone learns differently. Please write a short reply with three points： Point 1: One fact about dyslexia from the passage Point 2: One difficulty the writer met at school Point 3: Your advice for students who learn differently I learn that people with dyslexia ________________________________________. The writer used to ______________________________________________________. In my opinion, we should _______________. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 课时1 Section A (1a-2d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 position n. 位置；地方v. 安置；使处于 memorize (=memorise) v. 记住；记忆 tick v. 给…… 打钩 n. 对号；钩号 sadness n. 悲伤 react v. 作出反应；回应 chain n. 链条 retell v. 复述 lecture n. 讲座；讲课 stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的 run out (of sth)用完；耗尽 mix up混淆；弄乱 in one's mind在心里 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（事情未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做） leave sth. at home 把某物落在家里 ay put sth to good use有效使用（利用）某物 link...with... 把…… 和…… 联系起来 attention to (doing) sth. 注意；重视 premind sb about (doing) sth 提醒某人（做）某事 句型 1.-What's up?怎么了？出什么事了？ -I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. 我记不清你让我买的东西了。 2.I wonder how I forgot about the sugar. 我都不知道我怎么把买糖这件事忘了。 3.I left my homework at home . 我把作业落在家里了。 4.I thought it was 9:30! 我原本以为是 9 点半！ 5.Knowledge is like a chain, and new knowledge is best remembered by linking it with old knowledge. 知识就像一条链条，新知识通过将其与旧知识联系起来，记忆效果最好。 6. The more links you create, the more you remember. 你建立的联结越多，记住的内容就越多。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；地方v. 安置 2. ________ /ˈsædnəs/ n. 悲伤 3. __________ /riˈækt/ v. 作出反应；回应 4. ________ /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条 5. ________ /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的；稳固的 6. _______ /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n. 讲座；讲课 7. ________ /ˌriːˈtel/ v. 复述 8. ________ /ˈmeməraɪz/ v. 记住；记忆 9. ________ /tɪk/ v. 给…… 打钩n. 对号；钩号 【答案】 1.position 2.sadness 3.react 4.chain 5.stable 6.lecture 7.retell 8.memorize (=memorise) 9.tick 二、词组默写。 1. 用完；耗尽 _______________________ 2. 忘记去做某事（事情未做）_______________________ 3.忘记做过某事（事情已做） ________________ 4. 把某物落在家里_______________________ 5.把…… 和…… 联系起来___________________ 6. 混淆；弄乱_______________________ 7.注意；重视__________________ 8. 有效使用（利用）某物_______________________ 9.提醒某人（做）某事_______________________10. 在某人脑海中；在心里_______________________ 【答案】1. run out (of sth) 2. forget to do sth. 3. forget doing sth. 4. leave sth. at home 5. link...with... 6. mix up 7. pay attention to (doing) sth. 8. put sth to good use 9. remind sb about (doing) sth 10. in one's mind 三、汉语提示填空题 1. 她告诉我他们快要没有时间准备考试了。 She tells me that they ______ ______ ______ ______ time to prepare for the test. 2. 我忘了在祖母生日那天给她打电话，对此我感到很难过。 I ______ ______ ______ my grandmother on her birthday, and I feel terrible about it. 3. 将新词汇与图像联系起来有助于更好地记忆它们。 It's helpful ______ ______ new vocabulary ______ images to memorize them better. 4.我总是把这两个新生的名字混在一起，因为他们听起来太像了。 I always ______ ______ the names of the two new students because they sound so similar. 5.老师告诉我们，我们应该更加注重把新旧知识联系起来。 Teachers tell us that we should ______ ______ ____ ______ ____ new knowledge with old knowledge. 6.他决定把旧电脑捐给学校，好好利用它。 He decided to ______ his old computer ______ ______ ____ by giving it away to a school. 7.她提醒儿子在看电视之前要完成作业。 She ______ her son ______ ______ his homework before watching TV. 8.在我心中，没有比我的家乡更好的地方了。 ______ ______ ____, there is no place better than my hometown. 9. 我相信只要我们足够细心，我们就能避免犯错。 I believe that we can ______ ______ if we are careful enough. 10.You’d better ______ ______. The lecture will begin soon. 你最好快点，讲座马上就要开始了。 【答案】1. are running out of 2. forgot to call 3. to link; with 4. mix up 5. pay more attention to connecting 6. put；to good use 7. reminded；about finishing 8. In my mind 9. avoid mistakes 10. hurry up 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. You must pay attention to ________ (pronounce) the words correctly. 2. She is so ________ (forget) that she often leaves her things everywhere. 3. You can improve your study by ________ (link) knowledge. 4.The teacher reminded them about ________ (review) their lessons. 5. My mother forgot ________ (buy) some vegetables on her way back home from work. 【答案】 1. pronouncing 2. forgetful 3. linking 4. reviewing 5. to buy 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 exactly, turns, worries, think, creative, high, advice, less, new, discover, however Dreams may make you smart. This was 1 by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream 2 ? Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your 3 experiences with the old memories. As your brain connects things, it 4 them into a story, and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with 5 and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become 6 painful. And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn a lot. This idea is supported by a study. So some scientists 7 you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get 8 marks. Dreams may make you more 9 , too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. 10 , dreams alone can’t bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time 11 about the song before the dreams. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play. 【答案】 1．discovered 2．exactly 3．new 4．turns 5．worries 6．less 7．advise 8．higher 9．creative 10．However 11．thinking 【导语】本文主要讲述了梦境可能让人变聪明，具体表现在帮助处理忧虑恐惧、助力学习、提升创造力等方面，同时强调了尽管梦境有一定作用，但努力工作对创造力也很重要。 1．句意：这是研究梦境的科学家们发现的。根据“Dreams may make you smart. This was...by scientists who do research on dreams.”可知，原文中提到科学家对梦境的研究，“This”指代前面提到的“Dreams may make you smart”这个观点，是被科学家发现的，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，结合所给单词，动词要用过去分词形式discovered“发现”。故填discovered。 2．句意：梦到底是什么？根据“What is a dream...?”可知，这里需要一个副词来强调疑问，exactly“确切地，到底”符合语境。故填exactly。 3．句意：它试图将你的新经历与旧记忆联系起来。根据“It tries to connect your...experiences with the old memories.”可知，与old相对应，结合所给单词，new“新的”符合语境，用来描述经历的属性。故填new。 4．句意：当你的大脑将事物联系起来时，它会把它们变成一个故事，然后你就会做梦。根据“it...them into a story”可知，描述大脑处理信息形成梦的过程，结合所给单词，turn...into...“把……变成……”是固定短语，这里主语it是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，动词要用第三人称单数形式turns。故填turns。 5．句意：梦可能帮助你处理忧虑和恐惧。根据“Dreams may help you deal with...and fears.”可知，这里需要一个与fears并列的名词，结合所给单词，worry“忧虑”符合语境，要用复数形式worries。故填worries。 6．句意：在那里，不好的记忆变得不那么痛苦了。根据“There the bad memories become...painful.”可知，这里需要一个比较级，表示痛苦减轻，less“更少地”符合语境，故填less。 7．句意：所以一些科学家建议你不要通宵学习，尤其是在考试来临的时候。根据“So some scientists...you not to stay up all night studying”可知，基于梦对学习有帮助的观点，科学家给出不要通宵学习的建议，结合所给单词，结合所给单词，这里可以用advice的动词形式advise“建议”，句子主语scientists是复数，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形advise。故填advise。 8．句意：他们说一个美梦可能会帮助你取得更高的分数。根据“a sweet dream might help you get...marks.”可知，提到梦对学习的帮助，可以取得更高分，结合所给单词，这里可以用high的比较级higher“更高的”，表示比之前更高的分数。故填higher。 9．句意：梦也可能让你更有创造力。根据“Dreams may make you more...”可知，这里是说梦对人的影响，此处需要填写一个形容词，构成比较级，结合所给单词，creative“有创造力的”符合句意，作宾补，故填creative。 10．句意：然而，仅靠梦想不能带来创造力。分析空前后句关系可知，空处表转折，因空后有逗号，故需副词however“然而”，放句首时，首字母大写。故填However。 11．句意：事实上，这位词曲作者在做梦之前花了很多时间思考这首歌。根据“the songwriter spent a lot of time...about the song before the dreams.”可知，原文中提到词曲作者在梦中得到灵感，但强调在这之前也花了很多时间思考，结合所给单词提示，think“想”符合句意，固定搭配spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，故空处需动名词。故填thinking。 六、阅读还原。 There are many reasons why people read. Sometimes we read because we have to for school. 1 A group of experts from England and China found out that reading for fun is really good for people’s brains later. The experts studied more than 10,000 kids. 2 The first group started reading for fun between the ages of 2 and 9. The other group never read for fun or started much later. It turned out that the first group did better on memory and language tests. 3 She works at Cambridge University in England. She said there’s a strong connection between reading for fun during childhood and doing well in school. The kids with the best results read 12 hours each week. But that’s not all. 4 They felt less stressed and spent less time on their phones. Do you read for fun? If not, you can start now! Remember, you don’t have to read only one kind of book. 5 Find books that make your imagination run wild. You can ask your teachers, parents, or librarians for help. Reading is really good for both your thinking and well-being. Just do it! A．But many people read for fun! B．They put them into two groups. C．You can read anything you like! D．Barbara Sahakian is one of the experts. E．Reading is the best way to improve your memory. F. The study also found that these kids felt happier. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了阅读的原因，重点阐述为乐趣而阅读对大脑有益，通过一项研究说明童年为乐趣阅读的孩子在记忆、语言测试中表现更好，与学校表现好有联系，还会感觉更快乐、压力更小且花在手机上时间更少，最后鼓励读者为乐趣阅读。 1．根据“A group of experts from England and China found out that reading for fun is really good for people’s brains later.”可知，来自英国和中国的一组专家发现，为乐趣而阅读对人们以后的大脑真的有好处。根据此句的句意可以推测出前句是关于阅读很有趣，所以A选项“但是许多人是为了乐趣而阅读！” 与该部分的主题契合。故选A。 2．根据第二段已经给出的前后两句“The experts studied more than 10,000 kids. ”和“The first group started reading for fun between the ages of 2 and 9. The other group never read for fun or started much later. It turned out that the first group did better on memory and language tests.”可知，专家将1万多的儿童分成了两组类别进行测试，所以B选项“他们把他们分成两组。” 与该部分的主题契合。故选B。 3．根据“She works at Cambridge University in England.”可知，这里的“She”应该是其中的一个专家，所以D选项“Barbara Sahakian是其中一位专家。” 与该部分的主题契合。故选D。 4．根据第四段“But that’s not all.”和“They felt less stressed and spent less time on their phones.”可知，部分儿童感觉压力减少了且很少花时间在手机上，从此句的句意可以推测出这项研究还发现这些儿童感觉更快乐，所以F选项“研究还发现，这些孩子感觉更快乐。” 与该部分的主题契合。故选F。 5．根据“Remember, you don’t have to read only one kind of book.”和“ Find books that make your imagination run wild.”可知，你不必只读一本书，你可以寻找那些可以激发你想象力的书籍。从此句的句意可以推测出，建议你读任何书只要你喜欢的书，所以C选项“你可以阅读任何你喜欢的东西！”与该部分的主题契合。故选C。 七、阅读理解。 Do you ever notice how one song can make your day? That’s because music doesn’t just enter your ears, it also works on your brain. It can actually impact both your feelings and your memory. Like a special gift may make you feel warm and always remember the day you got it. Music can lift your spirits in a great way. This is because music turns on a part of the brain called the amygdala（杏仁核）, and it sends out special chemicals known as hormones (荷尔蒙). One powerful hormone is dopamine (多巴胺), which helps people feel happy. Music also encourages the brain to produce another kind of hormone called oxytocin (催产素), which helps people feel close to each other. Music also works on memory because when you listen to music, a memory area called the hippocampus （海马体）becomes active. It helps store and recall information. Songs with fixed beats or repeated melodies (旋律) make the hippocampus more active. As a result, the brain can group, repeat and remember information better. Some language courses use this idea. They teach words and sentences with pleasant songs. What music does to our brain makes it very useful. Many people play soft background music while working, because it helps them relax and keep their mind on work. Students can also use music to review words: say them to the beat, or make a new song with the word list. In hospitals, music is sometimes used to help patients with memory problems. Songs from childhood can bring back old memories and help them feel safe. Next time when you feel stressed out or forget what you have just learned, turn to music. Pick a song that matches your purpose, and let your brain reset. 1．What does the underlined word “impact” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Discover. B．Influence. C．Store. D．Collect. 2．Which is the right process from music to feelings according to Paragraph 2? A．music → amygdala → hormones (dopamine) → feel happy B．music → amygdala → hormones (oxytocin) → feel happy C．music → hormones (dopamine) → amygdala → feel close D．music → hormones (oxytocin) → amygdala → feel close 3．According to Paragraph 3, songs _________ help language learners remember words better. A．with simple lyrics B．full of feelings C．with repeated melodies D．full of information 4．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about _________. A．how music was created B．different kinds of music C．music and brain parts D．real-life uses of music 5．The best title for the passage is _________. A．The Power of Music B．Music Around the World C．Music and Feelings D．Music for Fast Learning 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要从科学角度解释了音乐如何通过影响大脑特定区域和激素分泌来调节人的情绪和增强记忆，并介绍了音乐在生活中的实际应用。 1．词句猜测题。根据“It can actually impact both your feelings and your memory.”以及后文具体解释音乐如何影响情绪和记忆可知，“impact”在这里表示“影响”的意思。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“This is because music turns on a part of the brain called the amygdala, and it sends out special chemicals known as hormones. One powerful hormone is dopamine, which helps people feel happy.”可知，正确的过程是：音乐激活杏仁核，杏仁核释放激素（多巴胺），从而让人感到快乐。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Songs with fixed beats or repeated melodies make the hippocampus more active... the brain can group, repeat and remember information better.”可知，具有固定节拍或重复旋律的歌曲有助于语言学习者更好地记忆单词。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。第四段首句“What music does to our brain makes it very useful.”是主题句，随后列举了人们在工作、学生复习单词、医院帮助病人等实际场景中如何利用音乐，因此本段主要讨论的是音乐在现实生活中的应用。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。全文从科学原理（影响情绪和记忆）到实际应用，系统性地阐述了音乐对人的积极作用，因此最佳标题是“音乐的力量”。故选A。 八、完形填空。 Do you know some people can “see” with their ears? People make clicking sounds with their tongues. When the sound waves hit a (n) 1 . they come back as echoes (回声). Then people listen to the differences in the echoes and tell 2 the thing is in the dark so they can find their way. This is called echolocation. By practicing this, blind people now can do many things, including riding bikes alone or playing basketball! All these used to be 3 for them without this skill. In the past, scientists thought only blind people could learn echolocation. According to a research, after a person loses sight (视力), there are some changes in his brain. So his brain works 4 compared with the past. Scientists believed this was the key to learning echolocation. But now a new study 5 that sighted people can learn it too! In the study, both blind and sighted people were 6 for 10 weeks, learning to make clicking sounds and use them to navigate （导航）in the dark. With practice, both groups improved! What’s the 7 behind this? While studying their brains after training, scientists found that the visual cortex (视觉皮层) became more 8 when people listened. This happened to both blind and sighted people! Scientists guess this part of brain doesn’t just process what people see—it also 9 information from other senses, like hearing, smell and taste. For blind people, echolocation is more than a skill that makes their lives easier. Even more, this discovery shows how 10 our brains are. Even if you can’t see, your brain can learn new skills, using sounds to help you “see” the world. 1．A．subject B．object C．project D．island 2．A．how B．when C．where D．why 3．A．impossible B．amazing C．boring D．useless 4．A．slowly B．effectively C．differently D．carefully 5．A．shows B．replies C．causes D．hopes 6．A．tested B．trained C．served D．prepared 7．A．problem B．purpose C．advantage D．reason 8．A．bright B．nervous C．active D．tiring 9．A．gives up B．stands for C．focuses on D．deals with 10．A．popular B．forgetful C．powerful D．usual 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了回声定位技术，同时，文章还揭示了背后的原理，即大脑视觉皮层在这一过程中变得活跃，它不仅能处理视觉信息，还能处理其他感官信息，这一发现也展示了人类大脑的强大。 1．句意：当声波撞击一个物体时，它们会以回声的形式返回。 subject学科；object物体；project项目；island岛屿。根据“they come back as echoes (回声)”可知，声音波遇到物体后会反射回来形成回声，所以此处是指物体。故选B。 2．句意：然后人们听回声的差异，并在黑暗中判断这个东西在哪里，这样他们就可以找到路。 how怎样；when什么时候；where哪里；why为什么。根据“so they can find their way”可知，是要判断物体的位置才能找到路，所以此处表示“在哪里”。故选C。 3．句意：没有这项技能，所有这些对他们来说曾经都是不可能的。 impossible不可能的；amazing令人惊奇的；boring无聊的；useless无用的。根据“By practicing this, blind people now can do many things, including riding bikes alone or playing basketball!”可知，在没有回声定位这项技能之前，盲人做这些事情是不可能的。故选A。 4．句意：所以他的大脑与过去相比工作方式不同。 slowly缓慢地；effectively有效地；differently不同地；carefully仔细地。根据“According to a research, after a person loses sight (视力), there are some changes in his brain.”可知，人失去视力后大脑有变化，所以大脑的工作方式与之前不同了。故选C。 5．句意：但现在一项新的研究表明，有视力的人也可以学会它！ shows表明；replies回复；causes引起；hopes希望。根据“that sighted people can learn it too!”可知，这里是新研究表明的内容。故选A。 6．句意：在这项研究中，盲人和有视力的人都接受了10周的训练，学习发出咔哒声并在黑暗中用它们来导航。 tested测试；trained训练；served服务；prepared准备。根据“learning to make clicking sounds and use them to navigate in the dark. With practice, both groups improved!”可知，他们是进行了训练，通过练习有了进步。故选B。 7．句意：这背后的原因是什么呢？ problem问题；purpose目的；advantage优势；reason原因。根据“While studying their brains after training, scientists found that the visual cortex (视觉皮层) became more...when people listened.”可知，这里是在解释背后的原因。故选D。 8．句意：在训练后研究他们的大脑时，科学家发现当人们听的时候，视觉皮层变得更加活跃。 bright明亮的；nervous紧张的；active活跃的；tiring令人疲惫的。根据“Scientists guess this part of brain doesn't just process what people see-it also...information from other senses, like hearing, smell and taste.”可知，视觉皮层不仅处理视觉信息，还处理其他感官信息，所以当人们听的时候它变得更活跃了。故选C。 9．句意：科学家猜测大脑的这一部分不只是处理人们看到的东西 —— 它也处理来自其他感官的信息，比如听觉、嗅觉和味觉。 gives up放弃；stands for代表；focuses on专注于；deals with处理。根据“information from other senses, like hearing, smell and taste.”可知，这里是说大脑处理来自其他感官的信息。故选D。 10．句意：更重要的是，这一发现展示了我们的大脑是多么强大。 popular受欢迎的；forgetful健忘的；powerful强大的；usual通常的。根据“Even if you can’t see, your brain can learn new skills, using sounds to help you ‘see’ the world.”可知，大脑即使在人失去视力的情况下也能学习新技能，所以说明大脑是强大的。故选C。 Part 1: Read and Explore All through grade school (小学), I got extra help with schoolwork. If I got a D, I was very happy. If I got a C minus, I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdom I could never enter. Once my teacher, Miss Mills, gave me a list of ten spelling words. My mother and I went over the list until I knew those words. I felt great. I thought, “Wow! This time, I’m going to pass.” The next day, I went into the classroom and began to write down the words. The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor—I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm—I knew there was an r. Suburban—I wrote s-u-b. My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D minus grades. Where did the words go? Some people talk about information sliding off （溜走）your brain. That was my life. I was an under-achiever (未能充分发挥学习潜力者). Now I know I have dyslexia (诵读困难症). A person with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness. Today when I visit schools as an actor, director, and co-author of children’s books, I tell children that everyone has something special inside. It’s our job to find out what that is, get it out, and give it to the world as a gift. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why did the writer’s confidence fail on the spelling test? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What problem does the writer have now? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 结合文章，完成宾语从句改写： Where did the words go? The writer wondered ______________________________________________. Task 2: Complete the chart below： Time & Moment Things the writer did / experienced Feelings & Changes In grade school Only hoped for low grades 1.________________________ Before the spelling test Went over spelling words with mom 2.________________________ During the spelling test Forgot many words 3.________________________ As an adult Encourage kids to find their special points Positive and confident Task 3: Creative Project Everyone learns differently. Please write a short reply with three points： Point 1: One fact about dyslexia from the passage Point 2: One difficulty the writer met at school Point 3: Your advice for students who learn differently I learn that people with dyslexia ________________________________________. The writer used to ______________________________________________________. In my opinion, we should _______________. 【答案】 Task 1 1. Because he forgot many spelling words during the test. 2. He has dyslexia and his brain learns differently. 3. where the words went Task 2 1. Satisfied / Happy with low grades 2. Confident / Full of hope 3. Upset / Less confident Task 3（开放参考版） I learn that people with dyslexia may see words in wrong orders. The writer used to struggle with spelling and remembering words. In my opinion, we should respect different learning styles and believe in ourselves. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $