Unit3语法(人称代词主格和宾格)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年译林版英语七年级上册暑假衔接

Unit3 Welcome to our school!语法讲解与练习 人称代词主格&宾格 超详细完整版精讲 一、人称代词基础定义 人称代词是用来代替人或事物名词的词汇，避免句子名词重复、啰嗦。 根据在句子中的作用，分为两种核心形式（考试唯一区分标准）： 1. 主格：句子的动作发出者，只能作主语 2. 宾格：句子的动作接收者，只能作宾语 二、人称代词主格&宾格完整对照表（必背） 共8组人称代词，分单数、复数，精准对应，无遗漏考点 人称分类 中文含义 主格 （作主语） 宾格 （作宾语） 变形特点 第一人称单数 我 I me 变形变化大 第二人称单数 你 you you 主宾同形 第三人称单数 他 he him 变形变化大 第三人称单数 她 she her 变形变化大 第三人称单数 它 it it 主宾同形 第一人称复数 我们 we us 变形变化大 第二人称复数 你们 you you 主宾同形 第三人称复数 他们/她们/它们 they them 变形变化大 超好用记忆口诀（永久不混） I变me，we变us，he变him，she变her they变them，you、it不用移 主格做主站句首，宾格做客跟动介 三、主格 超详细用法（满分规则+课本例句） 1. 核心使用规则 人称代词主格，只能在句中作主语，位置固定：句首/谓语动词之前 通用公式：主格+ be动词/实义动词+其他成分 2. 分人称单元原句例句（贴合Unit3校园话题） 1. I love our school. 我热爱我们的学校。（主语+实义动词） 2. She shows me around our school. 她带我参观我们的学校。（三单主格,动词变形） 3. It looks very modern. 它看起来很现代化。（it代指学校/建筑） 4. We have a big hall and a library. 我们有大礼堂和图书馆。 5. They are my nice classmates. 他们是我友善的同学。 3. 主格必考细节 ✅ 人称代词 I 无论在句子任何位置，必须大写，无小写形式 ✅ 第三人称单数主格（he/she/it）后接实义动词，动词必须变三单 四、宾格 超详细用法（重难点+易错核心） 1. 核心使用规则 人称代词宾格，只能在句中作宾语，固定两大位置： ① 实义动词后面（动词的承受者） ② 介词后面（with/at/to/for/in/on 等所有介词） 通用公式：动词/介词 + 宾格 2. Unit3 课本必考固定搭配（宾格专属，考试高频） 1. show sb(宾格) around 带某人参观 show me around 带我参观/show him around 带他参观/show her around 带她参观 2. help sb(宾格) 帮助某人 help us 帮助我们 / help them 帮助他们 3. play with sb(宾格) 和某人玩耍 4. talk with sb(宾格) 和某人交谈 5. look at sb(宾格) 看着某人 3. 对错对比精讲（根治扣分） ✅ The girl helps me. 这个女孩帮助我。（动词后用宾格） ❌ The girl helps I. （绝对错误，动后不用主格） ✅ I often play with them. 我经常和他们一起玩。（介词后用宾格） ❌ I often play with they. （绝对错误，介后不用主格） 五、主格&宾格 逐组精准辨析（零基础吃透） 1. I（主，我） / me（宾，我） I am new here. / The teacher knows me. 2. he（主，他） / him（宾，他） He studies hard. / We like him. 3. she（主，她） / her（宾，她） She is kind. / We often help her. 4. we（主，我们） / us（宾，我们） We love our school. / The school welcomes us. 5. they（主，他们） / them（宾，他们） They are students. / I talk with them. 6. you/it 特殊不变：主格宾格完全一致，只需判断位置 六、拓展必考知识点（中等偏上难度，拉分考点） 1. 人称代词并列排序规则（改错、翻译必考） ✅ 单数并列：二、三、一（you → he/she → I） 例句：You and I are good friends. 你和我是好朋友。 ✅ 复数并列：一、二、三（we → you → they） ✅ 承认错误、承担责任时，第一人称I/me放前面 2. 简答省略句规则（高频陷阱） 单独回答问题、省略句中，只用宾格，不用主格 —Who is in the classroom? —Me. （√） / I. （×） 3. 指代用法细分 ✅ it 指代：单数物品、学校、建筑、动物、天气、时间 ✅ they 指代：复数人、复数物品、多个事物 七、顶级易错点汇总（七年级90%错题来源） 易错1：句首、动词前必用主格；动词后、介词后必用宾格，绝对不能混用 易错2：he/him、she/her、we/us、they/them 是最高频混淆组合，做题优先变形 易错3：介词with/at/to/for后，一律强制宾格，无例外 易错4：I 永远大写，me 小写，书写严格扣分 易错5：切记：be动词前用主格，实义动词后不用主格 八、终极做题万能口诀（直接秒杀所有题型） 句首谓语前，主格上前站； 动介后面站，宾格不用换； You、it最省心，主宾相同不用分； 其余代词要变形，做题细心不丢分。 【巩固练习】 一、用所给代词的正确形式填空 解题提示：句首谓语前用主格；动词、介词后面一律用宾格，注意书写规范 1. ________ (I) am a new student. Can you help ________ (I)? 2. ________ (she) is my deskmate. We all like ________ (she). 3. ________ (he) studies hard. Teachers all love ________ (he). 4. ________ (we) have a big school. The school welcomes ________ (we). 5. ________ (they) are kind. We often play with ________ (they). 6. This is my new classroom. ________ (it) looks clean. I like ________ (it). 7. ________ (you) are good at English. Miss Li often helps ________ (you). 8. My friend shows ________ (I) around his new school. 9. Let ________ (we) go to the library together. 10. Please look at ________ (he). He is running fast. 11. The girl is nice. We want to make friends with ________ (she). 12. These books are interesting. I like ________ (they) very much. 13. ________ (I) often read books. ________ (they) help ________ (I) learn new things. 14. Simon is tall. ________ (he) plays football. We all like ________ (he). 15. The school is modern. ________ (it) has a big hall. We love ________ (it). 16. ________ (we) are classmates. Our teachers teach ________ (we) well. 17. Let ________ (me) help ________ (you) with your lessons. 18. Listen to ________ (she). Her voice is beautiful. 19. Don’t look at ________ (they). Look at the blackboard. 20. ________ (you) look happy. Can you tell ________ (me) why? 21. My mum likes ________ (I) and ________ (my) brother. 22. ________ (he) and ________ (I) are good friends. 23. The new library is great. ________ (it) makes ________ (we) happy. 24. Amy often plays with ________ (they) after school. 25. ________ (we) study in Grade Seven. Teachers are kind to ________ (we). 26. Please show ________ (he) around our playground. 27. ________ (she) doesn’t know ________ (me) very well. 28. The boys are strong. ________ (they) can help ________ (us). 29. ________ (I) want to talk with ________ (you). 30. This cat is cute. ________ (it) likes to play with ________ (me). 二、单项选择 1. ______ am new here. Please help ______. A. I; me B. Me; I C. My; I D. I; my 2. She is my friend. I often play with ______. A. she B. her C. he D. him 3. The school looks modern. ______ has a big library. A. It B. He C. She D. They 4. Let ______ show ______ around our classroom. A. I; you B. me; you C. me; your D. I; your 5. ______ are students. Teachers are good to ______. A. We; us B. Us; we C. We; our D. Us; ours 6. My brother likes football. ______ plays it every day. We like ______. A. He; he B. Him; he C. He; him D. Him; him 7. Please listen to ______. ______ is singing. A. she; She B. her; She C. her; Her D. she; Her 8. —Who is in the hall? —______. A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine 9. These books are nice. I like ______ very much. A. they B. them C. it D. its 10. ______ you welcome to our school? We are glad to see ______. A. Are; you B. Do; you C. Are; your D. Do; your 11. Let ______ help ______ with your English. A. we; you B. us; you C. us; your D. we; your 12. The little dog is lovely. ______ runs after ______ every day. A. It; me B. It; I C. They; me D. They; I 13. ______ are my classmates. I often play with ______. A. They; them B. Them; they C. They; they D. Them; them 14. My teacher knows ______ very well. A. I B. me C. my D. mine 15. ______ and Tom are good friends. We help ______. A. I; each other B. Me; each other C. I; us D. Me; we 16. Please show ______ your new school. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 17. —Does she like the playground? —Yes, ______ likes ______ very much. A. she; it B. her; it C. she; them D. her; them 18. Don’t worry. ______ can help ______. A. We; your B. Us; you C. We; you D. Us; your 19. The hall is big. ______ can hold all of ______. A. It; we B. It; us C. They; we D. They; us 20. ______ all study hard and teachers praise ______. A. We; us B. Us; we C. We; our D. Us; ours 三、句型转换 1. I help him with his lessons.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ help ______ with his lessons? 2. She shows me around the school.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ ______ around the school. 3. They play with us after class.（改为一般疑问句并肯定回答） —______ they ______ with ______ after class? —Yes, ______ ______. 4. The school welcomes us.（用It替换主语改写句子） ______ ______ ______. 5. We like them very much.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ like very much? 6. He helps me a lot.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ ______ a lot. 7. You look happy.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ look? 8. I play with her after school.（改为一般疑问句并否定回答） —______ ______ ______ with ______ after school? —No, ______ ______. 9. They are good to us.（改为否定句） They ______ ______ good to ______. 10. It looks very modern.（改为复数句） ______ ______ very modern. 11. My classmates help me study hard.（用They替换主语） ______ ______ ______ study hard. 12. She knows him well.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she ______ well? 13. We love our new school.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ our new school. 14. The teacher shows us the library.（用She替换主语） ______ ______ ______ the library. 15. He plays football with me.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ football with? 四、汉译英句子翻译 1. 她每天带我参观我们的学校。 ___________________________________________________ 2. 我们喜欢我们的新图书馆，它看起来很漂亮。 ___________________________________________________ 3. 老师们对我们很好，他们经常帮助我们。 ___________________________________________________ 4. 我经常和他们一起在操场玩耍。 ___________________________________________________ 5. 他不认识我，但是我认识他。 ___________________________________________________ 6. 让我帮你学习英语吧。 ___________________________________________________ 7. 这所学校很大，我们都喜欢它。 ___________________________________________________ 8. 你可以和她一起去图书馆。 ___________________________________________________ 9. 他们是我的好朋友，我经常和他们聊天。 ___________________________________________________ 10. 请听我讲，不要看他们。 ___________________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. I; me 2. She; her 3. He; him 4. We; us 5. They; them 6. It; it 7. You; you 8. me 9. us 10. him 11. her 12. them 13. I; They; me 14. He; him 15. It; it 16. We; us 17. me; you 18. her 19. them 20. You; me 21. me 22. He; I 23. It; us 24. them 25. We; us 26. him 27. She; me 28. They; us 29. I; you 30. It; me 二、单项选择 1-5: ABABA 6-10: CBBBA 11-15: BAABA 16-20: BACBA 三、句型转换 1. Do you; him 2. doesn’t show me 3. Do; play; us; they do 4. It welcomes us 5. Who do you 6. doesn’t help me 7. How do you 8. Do you play; her; I don’t 9. are not; us 10. They look 11. They help me 12. Who does; know 13. don’t love 14. She shows us 15. Who does; play 四、汉译英 1. She shows me around our school every day. 2. We like our new library. It looks very beautiful. 3. Teachers are kind to us and they often help us. 4. I often play with them on the playground. 5. He doesn’t know me, but I know him. 6. Let me help you with your English. 7. This school is very big. We all like it. 8. You can go to the library with her. 9. They are my good friends. I often talk with them. 10. Please listen to me. Don’t look at them. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $