专题六 冠词 课件-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“冠词”专题，覆盖不定冠词a/an、定冠词the、零冠词三大核心考点，依据高考评价体系明确语境中冠词使用的考查要求。通过分类梳理用法（如不定冠词表泛指、具体化，定冠词表特指、专有名词等），结合常考短语归纳，对接语法填空题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+真题训练+技巧提炼”，如针对不定冠词“元音音素开头用an”（例“an estimated 95,000”）、定冠词“特指上文提及事物”（例“the process”）等高频考点，通过42道题解析培养学生语言运用能力和逻辑思维。教师可依托易错点分析（如固定搭配“at a loss”）指导复习，助力学生高效掌握答题技巧，提升得分率。

专题六　冠词 1 1.不定冠词a/an 不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在发音以辅音音素开头的词前,an用在发音以元音音 素开头的词前。 (1)用于第一次出现的单数可数名词前,表示泛指 Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.最著名的案例 是,一位于20世纪50年代初举家迁居曼哈顿的加拿大记者领导了一场阻止当地公园遭 破坏的运动。 Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. 食物浪费是餐饮、超市和供应链行业日益关注的一个问题。 He met an old lady on his way to the office. 他在上班路上遇到了一位老妇人。 (2)用于某些抽象名词前,表示具体化 ①表示情绪、情感的抽象名词:pleasure, pity, surprise等 ②表示特性、状态的抽象名词:success, failure, danger, beauty, reality等 What made Wang Shu's career a success?王澍事业成功的秘诀是什么? (3)用于“某些不可数名词(如knowledge, understanding等)+of...”前 Wang Shu's works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. 王澍的作品展现了其对现代建筑和对传统的深刻理解。 (4)用于某些专有名词前,表示“类似……的一个” In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.去年上九年级写作课时, 我遇见了这样的三个人物:一位拯救小镇的牛仔,一位要求儿子全科拿A的严父,还有一 位现代版朱丽叶——因父母不同意她青涩的爱恋而心碎离世。 (5)用于序数词前,表示“又一,再一” Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.每个孩子都被告知,如果他们等待15分钟再吃好吃的,就会再得到一份。 (6)含不定冠词的常考短语 as a matter of fact 事实上 in a way 从某种程度上说 make a living 谋生 as a result 结果 in a sense 在某种意义上 keep an eye on 照看;留意 as a whole 总的来说 in a mess 杂乱不堪 turn a blind eye to 对……视而不见 at a loss 不知所措 in a word 总而言之 make a difference 起作用 at a discount 打折 in a hurry 匆忙 make an apology 道歉 on a diet 节食 for a while 一会儿 pay a visit 拜访 2.定冠词the (1)用于上文已提及的人或事物前,说话双方所熟悉的人或事物前或被限制性修饰语所 限定的人或事物前,表示特指 Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 对大多数人来说,写作文是个难题。不过只要掌握三个简单技巧,就能轻松搞定。 To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. 对我来说,兵马俑的故事简直令人难以置信。 (2)用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前 When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose.当太阳悄悄滑到群山之后,群山都笼罩着一片玫瑰色的余晖。随后,一轮 满月升起。 (3)用于姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇二人 The Greens were having lunch when the strangers broke into their house. 格林一家正在吃午饭,这时陌生人闯进了他们的房子。 (4)用于表示年代、朝代的名词以及逢十的复数形式的数词前 In the early 1600s, Galileo was the first to use his telescope to explore the sky. 在17世纪初,伽利略是第一个使用望远镜探索天空的人。 English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. 讲英语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌,尤其是唐朝的诗歌。 (5)用于表示江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛等名称的专有名词前 the Yellow River黄河　 the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉 (6)用于表示某些国家、组织、机构等的名词前 the United Kingdom/the UK英国 the United Nations联合国 the Foreign Ministry外交部 (7)用于表示报纸、杂志、书籍、会议、条约等的名词前 the Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》    The Book of Songs《诗经》 (8)含定冠词的常考短语 all the way 一直 by the way 顺便说一句 for the sake of 由于,为了 in the way 挡道 on the horizon 即将发生 in the long run从长远看 in the end 最终 on the spot 当场 out of the question 不可能 by the hour以小时计 the other day 前几天 under the circumstances 在这种情况下 3.零冠词 (1)表示类指的不可数名词和复数名词前,用零冠词 By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. 孩子们通过童谣中的词来学习语言。 Nature brings beauty into our lives.大自然给我们的生活带来了美。 (2)表示月份、季节、星期、节假日、三餐、球类、学科、棋类的名词前,用零冠词 During autumn, these mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost. 在秋天,这些山脉是金色的,而在冬天,它们被白霜覆盖。 (3)表示称呼语、头衔或独一无二的职务的名词作表语、宾补或同位语时,用零冠词 Mr. Smith, chairman of the committee, is going to present the winner with the prize. 委员会主席史密斯先生将为优胜者颁奖。 (4)可数名词单数用于系动词turn后作表语时,用零冠词 After graduation, the ambitious young man turned engineer. 毕业后,那位志向远大的年轻人成了一名工程师。 (5)可数名词单数用于某些独立结构时,用零冠词 I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone.平时,我 开始注意她,手里拿着篮球,独自打球。 (6)使用零冠词的常考短语 master and servant主仆 husband and wife夫妻 father and son父子 sun and moon日月 day and night夜以继日 from bad to worse每况愈下 from morning till night从早到晚 on second thought(s)转念一想 come to light暴露;为人所知 come to power(=take office)执政,当权 give birth to生育,使诞生 ahead of time提前 side by side/shoulder to shoulder肩并肩 hand in hand手拉手 1. The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District, which was ______ great source of inspiration for his poems. 解析　句意:英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯在湖区长大,那里是他诗歌创作的重要灵 感之源。此处泛指“一个来源”,故用a。 　a     考点针对练 2. AI is transforming the classroom environment at ______ rapid rate. 解析　句意:人工智能正以迅猛的速度改变着课堂环境。at a rapid rate为固定搭配,意 为“以很快的速度”。故填a。 　a     3. The domestic women's champion of ________ Beijing Marathon said that those marathons are drawing more attention from young people. 解析　句意:北京马拉松国内女子组冠军表示,这些马拉松赛事正吸引越来越多年轻人 的关注。Beijing Marathon为专有名词,应用定冠词the。 　the     4. As modern entertainment options like movies and digital games gained popularity, shadow puppetry experienced ______ decline in previous years. 解析　句意:随着电影和数字游戏等现代娱乐方式的普及,皮影戏在过去几年中逐渐式微。experience a decline意为“经历衰退”。 　a     5. Technological contributions represented ______ notable 60% of agricultural growth in 2023. 解析　句意:在2023年,技术贡献在农业增长中占比显著,达到60%。此处表示“一个显 著的比例”,应用不定冠词a。 　a     6. These “living libraries” contain _______ estimated 95,000 garden plants. 解析　句意:这些“活体图书馆”含有约95000株园艺植物。此处表示“一个估计的数 量”,为泛指,estimated以元音音素开头,故应用不定冠词an。 　an     7. In India, Xuanzang spent the main portion of his time at significant Buddhist sites. All ________ while, he engaged in scholarly debates. 解析    句意:在印度期间,玄奘在重要的佛教圣地度过大部分时间,同时积极参与学术辩 论。all the while表示“一直,始终”。     the     8. But after growing up, Hao Liyan understood the value of craftsmanship and felt ______ duty to preserve these skills. 解析　句意:但长大后,郝立岩深刻体会到匠艺的价值,并萌生了传承这些技艺的责任 感。此处泛指“一种责任”,应用不定冠词a。 　a     9. Decades later, Raymond King, _______ entrepreneur based in Oregon, US, found the relic in a New York apartment. 解析　句意:数十年后,美国俄勒冈州企业家雷蒙德·金在纽约某公寓中发现了这件文物。设空处在以元音音素开头的可数名词entrepreneur前,表示泛指,故用an。 　an     10. Modern aesthetics (审美), combined with scientific and technological means, make nut carving works more up-to-date and push the craft to ______ new height. 解析　句意:现代美学与科学技术手段相结合,使核雕作品更具现代感,并将这一工艺推 向新高度。此处表示“一个新高度”,为泛指。故填a。 　a     11. Mastering the pipa requires years of practice and ______ good understanding of Chinese music. 解析　句意:掌握琵琶需要多年的练习和对中国音乐的良好理解。a good understanding of表示“对……的良好理解”。 　a     12. During her doctoral studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Wang studied under renowned mathematician Larry Guth, ______ leading authority in geometric measure theory, whose guidance greatly shaped her academic development. 解析　句意:王在麻省理工学院攻读博士学位期间,师从几何测度理论方面的权威,著名 数学家拉里·古斯。古斯的指导对她的学术发展产生了深远影响。设空处所在部分为 Larry Guth的同位语,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词a。 　a     13. The failure was ______ big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 解析　句意:这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击,但他并未气馁,很快他就又像以前一样 充满了热情。blow作名词,意为“打击”。a blow泛指“一个打击”。 　a     14. “During a 21km trial, a screw (螺丝) connecting the ankle motor and linkage broke at the 15km mark. We reinforced (加固) ________ part with three positioning pins—no issues since,” recalled Cui Wenhao, leader of the Xuanfeng Xiaozi Team. 解析　句意:“在21公里的测试中,连接踝关节电机与连杆的螺丝在15公里处断裂。我 们用三个定位销加固了这个部位——此后未再出现故障。”旋风小子队的负责人崔 文昊回忆道。此处特指之前提到的断裂的部分,应用定冠词the。 　the     15. The game's rich historical roots blend seamlessly with the modern-day diversity of the city, sparking curiosity, fostering dialogue, and offering ______ glimpse into the strategic brilliance and cultural depth of China. 解析　句意:这款游戏深厚的历史底蕴与城市现代多元风貌完美融合,既激发好奇心、 促进交流,又让人得以一窥中国的战略智慧与文化底蕴。a glimpse into意为“一瞥”。 　a     16. It was in _______ attempt to promote the cultural heritage's integration into modern life and showcase its unique charm through cross-cultural exchanges on an international scale. 解析　句意:此举旨在通过国际范围内的跨文化交流,促进文化遗产融入现代生活,并展 现其独特魅力。in an attempt to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“试图/努力做某事”。 　an     17. If people are similar and tend to make ________ same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. 解析　句意:如果大家的思维方式都差不多且往往会犯相同的错误,那么他们的错误就 不会相互抵消。same为形容词,意为“相同的”,其前通常加定冠词 the,“the same+名 词”表示“同一个/同一类事物”。 　the     18. In April last year, I saw a post on ________ PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. 解析　句意:去年四月,我在 PNP(Pilots N Paws)的官网上看到了一条来自托皮卡市一个 家庭的帖子。此处需加 the,特指PNP网站,而非泛指任意网站。 　the     19. Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期) comes to _______ end. 解析　句意:Terri现在与朋友在伦敦西南部的Wandsworth合租了一套房子,她表示DIY 也能使她避免在租期结束时损失押金。come to an end为固定搭配,意为“结束”。 　an     20. With ______ workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. 解析　句意:有了一个健身伙伴,你会更努力地训练,因为会存在一种微妙的竞争。partner 是可数名词单数形式,此处泛指“一个健身伙伴”,且workout发音以辅音音素开头,需用不 定冠词 a。 　a     21. It might sound like one long, expensive vacation, but the couple has _______ unusual way to make their travel affordable. 解析    句意:这听起来或许像是一场漫长而昂贵的假期,但这对夫妇有一个不寻常的方 法,能让他们负担得起这次旅行。设空处后的名词way为单数可数名词,此处表泛指,意 为“一个不寻常的方法”,且unusual发音以元音音素开头,故填an。 　an     22. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on ________ young. 解析　句意:未来取决于创造力,而创造力取决于年轻人。固定用法“the+形容词”可 表示一类人,此处the young指“年轻人”这一群体。 　the     23. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook ________ rest of the porridge. 解析　句意:Jenna让Jeff把它清理干净,这样他们就可以继续煮剩下的粥了。the rest of 是固定搭配,意为“剩下的……”。 　the     24. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at ______ loss and out of place. 解析　句意:没有了我钟爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天,我感到不知所措、格格不入。at a loss 是固定短语,意为“困惑,不知所措”。 　a     25. ________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 解析　句意:1856 年,林肯一家将房子扩建为完整的两层,以满足他们日益壮大的家庭的 需求。固定表达“the+姓氏复数”表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。 　The     26. Then he made ______ U-turn, circling back to take another look. 解析　句意:然后他掉了个头,绕回来又看了一眼。固定短语make a U-turn表示“掉头”。U-turn是单数可数名词,其发音以辅音音素开头,前面应使用不定冠词 a。 　a     27. Despite their varied sizes and designs, these skywells are typically square and located in ________ heart of the house. 解析　句意:尽管这些天井大小和设计各异,但它们通常是方形的,且位于房屋的中心位 置。in the heart of是固定短语,意为“在……的中心/核心”。 　the     28. Confucius stresses that self-discipline is ______ must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren. 解析　句意:孔子强调,自我约束是践行礼仪规范和实现“仁”的必备条件。a must是固 定短语,意为“必需的事物,必不可少的要求”。 　a     29. I, as a BBC food writer, traveled China last year. Then I fell in love with the hairy crab, which is one of ________ most prized Chinese dishes. 解析　句意:作为一位BBC美食作家,我去年游历了中国。随后我爱上了大闸蟹,它是最 受珍视的中国菜肴之一。“one of the most+形容词+复数名词”表示“最……的…… 之一”,故填the。 　the     30. Just one month later, another basketball match reawakened ________ passion for the sport in the hearts of Guizhou residents. 解析　句意:仅一个月后,另一场篮球比赛重新点燃了贵州居民心中对这项运动的热情。 此处特指“贵州居民心中对篮球这项运动的热情”,需用定冠词the。 　the     31. The technology refers to a reconfigurable(可重新配置的) intelligent surface, _______ AI-empowered artificial material. 解析　句意:这项技术指的是一种可重新配置的智能表面,一种由人工智能驱动的人造 材料。名词material为可数名词单数形式,此处需用不定冠词泛指“一种材料”,且AI- empowered发音以元音音素开头,故填an。 　an     32. These towering peaks, each being more than 6,000 meters, provide ______ dramatic setting for the attractive landscapes below. 解析　句意:这些高耸的山峰,每一座都超过6000米,为下方迷人的景观提供了极其壮观 的背景。 setting意为“背景,环境”,是可数名词单数形式,此处表泛指,且dramatic 发音 以辅音音素开头,故填 a。 　a     33. It's a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, _________ UNESCO World Heritage Site. 解析　句意:这是一场与时间的赛跑,敦煌研究院一代代的文化遗产保护者竭力保护莫 高窟——一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产地——的艺术魅力。Site意为“地点,场所”, 是可数名词单数形式,此处表示泛指,说明莫高窟是“一处世界遗产地”,且UNESCO以 辅音音素开头,故填a。 　a     34. “Long-term statistics will play _______ essential role in connecting changes in biodi- versity with environmental changes,” says Luisa Orsini, who studies evolutionary biosys- tems at the University of Birmingham, UK. 解析　句意:在英国伯明翰大学研究进化生物系统的Luisa Orsini表示:“长期统计数据 将在把生物多样性变化与环境变化联系起来的方面发挥至关重要的作用。”“play a/ an+形容词+role”意为“扮演……的角色;起到……的作用”。essential发音以元音音 素开头,其前需用 an。 　an     35. The videos are selected by the production crew over the course of a year from ______ total of more than 50,000 video clips(片段). 解析　句意:这些视频是制作团队在一年时间里从总共5万多个视频片段中挑选出来 的。a total of...为固定短语,意为“总共……”。 　a     36. Researchers have found that happy people tend to be energetic, decisive, flexible, creative, and sociable and tend to look at ________ brighter side of life. 解析　句意:研究人员发现,快乐的人往往精力充沛、果断、灵活、有创造力、善于社 交,并且往往能看到生活中更光明的一面。此处特指“生活中更加光明的一面”,应用 定冠词the。 　the     37. They are transition zones where the flow of water, the cycling of nutrients and the energy of the sun meet to produce ______ unique and special ecosystem characterized by hydrology, soils and vegetation—making these areas very important features of a watershed. 解析　句意:它们是过渡带,在这里,水流、养分循环和太阳能交汇,形成了一种以水文、 土壤和植被为特征的独特的生态系统——这使得这些区域成为流域中非常重要的组成 部分。空后的ecosystem是可数名词单数形式,此处表示“一种独特的生态系统”,属于 泛指。unique发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。 　a     38. At the 2024 China Ice and Snow Tourism Development Forum held in Harbin on Friday, Harbin Ice and Snow World was recognized by Guinness World Records as ________ largest ice and snow park in the world, with an area of 816,682.5 square meters. 解析　句意:在周五于哈尔滨举行的2024中国冰雪旅游发展论坛上,哈尔滨冰雪大世界 被吉尼斯世界纪录认证为全球最大的冰雪公园,其面积达816,682.5平方米。空后为形 容词最高级largest,需加定冠词the。 　the     39. However, ______ handful of third-tier and lower-tier cities were also included in artists' schedules. 解析　句意:然而,少数三线及以下城市也被列入了艺术家们的行程安排中。a handful of是固定短语,意为“少量的、少数的”。 　a     40. “They provide ______ sense of identity and continuity for communities, groups and individuals concerned,” states a document from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to UNESCO. 解析　句意:“它们为相关社区、群体和个人提供了一种认同感和连续感。”文化和 旅游部给联合国教科文组织的一份文件中说道。a sense of...是固定短语,意为“一种 ……感/意识”。 　a     41. Now, the beauty of Baiyangdian Lake resembles that described in “Zhang Ga the Soldier Boy”, attracting visitors who hope to take ______ glance at the vivid lotuses, flourish- ing reeds and the clear lake water. 解析　句意:如今,白洋淀的美景与《小兵张嘎》中所描述的景象相似,吸引着那些希望 一睹鲜艳的荷花、茂密的芦苇和清澈湖水的游客们。 take a glance at...为固定短语,意 为“瞥一眼,看一眼”。 　a     42. And there is another saying that you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in _______ hour. 解析　句意:还有另一种说法:一年之内很难交到一个朋友,但一小时之内却很容易得罪 一个朋友。hour 为可数名词单数,此处表泛指,且其发音以元音音素开头,故填an。 　an     43. Due to ________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 解析　句意:由于与环境相关的旅行和探险旅行日益受欢迎,如今各种类型的旅行都被 归入了生态旅游的范畴。此处特指“与环境相关的旅行和探险旅行”的受欢迎程度, 应用定冠词the。 　the     44. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often on- ly revealed after the boxes are opened, adding _______ element of surprise to the dining experience. 解析　句意:然而后一种选择不太常见。盲盒里的内容通常要在盒子打开后才会揭晓, 这为用餐体验增添了一些惊喜感。空后的element是可数名词单数,此处表泛指,且element发音以元音音素开头,故填an。 　an     $