Unit 1 Life Choices 动词不定式（核心语法精练）英语北师大版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式，构建“知识回顾-专项突破-综合跃升”三阶训练体系，融合高考真题与方法提炼，提升语言应用能力与思维逻辑性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A考点概览·知识回顾|不定式构成与作用系统梳理|“名师点津”归纳不定式作宾补等用法技巧|从定义-形式-作用层层递进，夯实语法基础| |B考点夯基·专项突破|高考真题+30道语法填空+10道完成句子|结合真题解析不定式在语境中的应用|从单一用法到语境应用的迁移，强化语言能力| |C综合攻坚·能力跃升|2篇语法填空模考真题+2篇阅读理解|综合题型中不定式与篇章理解的结合|语言能力与思维品质的综合提升，贴近备考需求|

Unit 1 Life Choices 核心语法精练（动词不定式） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、动词不定式高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 16 一、不定式的构成 定义 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式to＋do构成。没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可作主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。 形式 时态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing — 完成进行式 to have been doing — 否定式：否定词(not/never)＋动词不定式 二、 不定式的作用 1．作主语 不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。 It took us two hours to finish the job. 2．作宾语 (1)动词＋不定式。 He managed to escape from the fire. I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语) (2)动词＋疑问词＋to，“特殊疑问句＋不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。 I don't know what to do next/how to do it next. [名师点津]　不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。 I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 3．作宾语补足语 (1)动词＋宾语＋不定式(to do )。 He warned me to be careful. [名师点津]　可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask，tell，order，want，get，would like，like，advise，invite，allow，help，wish，warn，expect，would prefer，encourage。 (2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词＋宾语＋ to be 的不定式结构。 We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态) (3)there ＋不定式。 We didn't expect there to be so many people there. (4)在动词feel (一感)，hear, listen to(二听)，have, let, make(三让)，notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。 They saw the boy fall off the tree. 4．作定语 不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。 I have a lot of work to do.(动宾关系) He is looking for a room to live in.(动状关系) He is the first person to think of the idea.(主谓关系) He has got a chance to go abroad.(同位关系) [名师点津]　(1)不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。 Do you have anything else to say? (2)如果作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词。 I need a pen to write with.(I will write with the pen.) I have a little baby to look after.(I must look after the little baby.) 5．作状语 作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to，so as to，so...as to，such...as to，enough to，too...to等。 (1)作目的状语，just to，only to(仅仅为了)，in order to，so as to，so/such...as to...(如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. (2)作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed. (3)作原因状语。 We were very excited to hear the news. (4)作条件状语。 To turn to the left, you could find a post office. 6．作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。 The question is how to put it into practice. [名师点津]　(1)不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。 (2)当主语是不定式时，表语不能用v.­ing形式，可用不定式。 To see is to believe.(眼见为实)(Seeing is believing.) 一、高考真题 2026年高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 2.（2026年全国二卷）At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still being early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian ____65____ (meet) another life force: coffee. 3.（2026年浙江1月）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) ____36____ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 2025年高考真题 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 2.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 二、语法填空 1． (speed) up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 2．He started his career as a high school history teacher in the 1980s, using computer simulations and digital images (teach) ancient history. 3．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children (walk) safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. 4．John is still too young (realise) that there is a connection between education and his future. 5．I was once ashamed (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling because I can face it bravely. 6．It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. 7．It took scholars and experts over two decades (complete) this ambitious project, which involved reproducing the world’s largest ancient encyclopedia. 8．Kevin learned an important lesson that day: always verify the facts before taking action, but never hesitate (help) those in need. 9．My plan is (invite) my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills. 10．I encourage my daughter (make) healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. 11．Governors of Sichuan Province are preparing an application (include) Sanxingdui Ruins on the World Cultural Heritage List. 12．We need more practical ways (reduce) energy consumption in the classroom. 13．Brian, an experienced sailor, knew they needed to find a safe place (escape) the storm immediately to stay safe. 14．More volunteers are likely (surround) the playground to keep order during the sports meeting. 15．The major aim of the mental health campaign is (absorb) the positive energy and release the negative emotions. 16．Henry can’t attend the party (hold) at Tom’s house tomorrow because he has a presentation to prepare. 17．Last Monday, our teacher assigned us (write) a report on climate change, focusing on the impact of rising sea levels. 18．The teacher permitted the students (refer) to their dictionaries when they were stuck on difficult words in the homework. 19．The teacher asked Tom (withdraw) his incorrect comment from the class discussion to avoid misunderstanding. 20．She wanted her hand-painted environmental posters (notice) by more students, so she put them up in the hallway. 21．She found a creative way (solve) the problem without asking for help. 22．With a lot of homework (do) this evening, he can’t go to the movies with us. 23．The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly (notice). 24．The desire (stand) out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. 25．There is no doubt that (achieve) a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities. 26．The noise from outside often made it hard for him (concentrate) on the thing that brought him joy. 27．We believe that by the year 2030, we will have learned (adapt) better to the continual and rapid changes of modern society. 28． (reduce) air pollution, the government has introduced stricter environmental laws. 29．Many young people in the 19th century left their hometowns (seek) their fortunes in the gold mines. 30．Whether to participate in that competition remains (discuss) and decided. 三、完成句子 31．我们早起以便能赶上第一班火车。 We got up early ________ ________ ________ catch the first train. 32．他处理这个问题的能力很强。 He has a strong ability ________ ________ the problem. 33．Many people choose to ________ ________ ________ charities during the holiday season. 许多人在节日期间选择向慈善机构捐钱。 34．防止不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 ________________ harmful habits ________________ a teenager’s life is essential. 35．________ the UN’s initiative for global teenagers. 我很高兴听到你想参加联合国全球青少年倡议。 36．你应该告诉汤姆什么时候去做这件事。 You should tell Tom ______________________________. 37．我父母对我的期望是努力学习，进入一所好大学。 What my parents expect of me is _________ 38．她隔着街道向他挥手，但他假装没有看见。 She waved at him across the street, but he ______________. 39．她只想冲回家，倒在她的小床上大哭一场! She was just desperate to rush home and ________________! 40．我们很少有机会穿中国传统服装。 We seldom have an opportunity ________________. 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·四川成都·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is 1 famous saying ”Good habits lead to good endings”, 2 shows the importance of habits. “An apple a day keeps a doctor away.” also shows that our body 3 (build) up by developing a healthy everyday Habit. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, 4 (include ) high scores and abundant (丰富的) knowledge. At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes to the content of our learning. 5 (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important 6 I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits — keep a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by 7 (write), learning summaries and remember to record something 8 (impress) and meaningful. If we can gain this good learning habit, we 9 (benefit) a lot from it. What’s more, I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only focus on reading for a short time and I will overcome this problem by spending more time 10 concentration practice in future. （25-26高一上·河北秦皇岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Marko, going off to college meant 1 (stay) focused on academics and athletics. However, arriving on campus, he felt at a loss and lonely at times. The amount of work 2 (require) outside of class was more than he expected. Marko had close friends in high school, but because of his demanding new schedule, he lost touch 3 many of them. Sadness set in and over winter break, Marko felt very depressed. 4 (unfortunate), Marko’s story is not unique. The sudden change that 5 (occur) with this transition (过渡) is a reality for most freshmen. They must learn how 6 (balance) parties and studying; they may also be battling homesickness. As parents, how can you support your teenagers? First, help them find a trusted adult mentor (导师) 7 can provide a unique point of view. Second, work with your teenager to master some everyday skills, such as doing laundry and managing money. If basic skills 8 (deal) with before starting college life, another level of stress will be removed. Finally, spend time talking about ways to deal with 9 (anxious). Hearing about highs and lows from your own experiences normalizes their challenges. Remember the college transition is a journey of growth for 10 entire family. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一下·山东青岛·期中）Cooking tutorials (教程) on the social media, which dish out entertaining, accessible cooking directions by and for young people, have millions of viewers, making it a major generational hobby and source of pride. 18-year-old Mia Kristensen is one of them. Cooking is something she enjoys, and preparing dinner all by herself has become an achievement. According to Mary Bliss, who researches habits among young people, saving money is an additional motivation to keep cooking. Indeed, knowing how to cook — even if it began as an economic consideration — has become a key identity marker for the young, who tend to define themselves through hobbies, like cooking. Cooking, as a hobby, can signal a number of values, noted researcher Kathy Sheehan. Young adults are particularly concerned with building their favorite lives, say, someone is interested in different cultures, or prefer local and seasonal produce. And cooking reflects this. As a creative act, cooking serves as a quiet break largely free from technology. For young people who’ve spent nearly their whole life with the internet, cooking can be calming. “It grounds you in a world that’s real,” Roberta Katz, a cultural professor said. Cooking means more to young people like Celeste Mosley, 21. After finding a rice pudding recipe on TikTok, making it has become the only thing that gets her out of bed and comforts her. This isn’t a surprise and Nicole Farmer who is studying behavior and nutrition has proved it: The process of cooking can improve one’s mood and relieve one’s anxiety and depression. Simply, cooking commands your full attention and all of your senses. You must balance various skills, whether properly slicing, cognitively planning, or creatively constructing leftovers into a new sweet dish. Besides, cooking boosts self-confidence and strengthens social bonding especially when meals are shared. Now in my 40s, I still remember one college summer. After long hours of working at a bakery, I proudly walked out with a bag of unsold bread, which were both filling and free for my roommates and me. Among the skills I acquired in the ups and downs of young adulthood, baking bread was the greatest one. 1．What does the underlined “this” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Exploring diverse cultures. B．Tasting produce in season. C．Live a life as they wish. D．Planning for their future. 2．What is implied in Nicole Farmer’s studies? A．Cooking cures those who are physically ill. B．Cooking stops the young from getting up late. C．Cooking prepares the young to be great chefs. D．Cooking calls for all-round skills and minds. 3．For the author, baking is ________ A．a reminder of growth. B．a way to make friends. C．a symbol of success. D．a must to survive. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Let the young cook B．TikTok: source of recipes C．Why do humans cook? D．Researches on cooking （25-26高一上·广东惠州·期中）A challenge is a situation that tests your abilities. It needs hard work and courage to get through. Challenges come from many sources, and knowing where they come from is the first step toward dealing with them well. The sources of challenges are often two-part: external (外部的) and internal. External challenges come from the world around you such as moving to a new school, getting used to new study methods, or facing more competition from classmates. Unexpected things, like sudden exams or group project pressure, can also be external challenges. Internal challenges come from yourself. They might be not having enough skills, not knowing some knowledge, or feeling frightened and unsure about yourself — these things can slow down your progress. Often, the hardest challenges mix both external pressure and internal worries. Successfully managing challenges requires a step-by-step method. First, look at the situation clearly and honestly. If a challenge feels too big, divide it into small, easy-to-do tasks. For example, instead of being unconfident with a big project, focus on finishing the first small research. Secondly, actively look for resources (资源) and support. This could be about learning new knowledge through study, improving skills with practice, or depending on the guidance of teachers and the encouragement of friends. Having people to support you gives not only useful tips but also courage and strength. Finally, build resilience. Setbacks (挫折) are a certain part on the path to any meaningful goal — they might make you feel down. The key is to stand up again, learn from what went wrong, and keep moving toward your goal. In short, challenges are something you can’t avoid, and they’re necessary for growth. By understanding where they come from, designing a strategic plan, and carrying on with it without giving up, you can turn difficulties into chances to become better — both in your studies and personal life. 1．Which can be considered an internal source of challenges? A．Uncertainty about the future. B．The development of AI technology. C．Difficult Gaokao questions. D．A new living environment. 2．What should we do firstly when learning to use a video editing app according to the passage? A．Wait to see if it becomes easier. B．Learn new editing skills with practice. C．Master its basic uses one by one. D．Ask friends for encouragement. 3．What does the underlined word “resilience” in paragraph 3 mean? A．The gift for solving problems. B．The knowledge of setting goals. C．The decision to keep going. D．The ability to get back up. 4．What is the writer’s opinion on challenges? A．They set back one’s growth. B．They are a must for success. C．They can be managed wisely. D．They come from inner thoughts. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Life Choices 核心语法精练（动词不定式） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、动词不定式高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 16 一、不定式的构成 定义 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式to＋do构成。没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可作主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。 形式 时态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing — 完成进行式 to have been doing — 否定式：否定词(not/never)＋动词不定式 二、 不定式的作用 1．作主语 不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。 It took us two hours to finish the job. 2．作宾语 (1)动词＋不定式。 He managed to escape from the fire. I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语) (2)动词＋疑问词＋to，“特殊疑问句＋不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。 I don't know what to do next/how to do it next. [名师点津]　不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。 I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 3．作宾语补足语 (1)动词＋宾语＋不定式(to do )。 He warned me to be careful. [名师点津]　可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask，tell，order，want，get，would like，like，advise，invite，allow，help，wish，warn，expect，would prefer，encourage。 (2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词＋宾语＋ to be 的不定式结构。 We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态) (3)there ＋不定式。 We didn't expect there to be so many people there. (4)在动词feel (一感)，hear, listen to(二听)，have, let, make(三让)，notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。 They saw the boy fall off the tree. 4．作定语 不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。 I have a lot of work to do.(动宾关系) He is looking for a room to live in.(动状关系) He is the first person to think of the idea.(主谓关系) He has got a chance to go abroad.(同位关系) [名师点津]　(1)不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。 Do you have anything else to say? (2)如果作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词。 I need a pen to write with.(I will write with the pen.) I have a little baby to look after.(I must look after the little baby.) 5．作状语 作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to，so as to，so...as to，such...as to，enough to，too...to等。 (1)作目的状语，just to，only to(仅仅为了)，in order to，so as to，so/such...as to...(如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. (2)作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed. (3)作原因状语。 We were very excited to hear the news. (4)作条件状语。 To turn to the left, you could find a post office. 6．作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。 The question is how to put it into practice. [名师点津]　(1)不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。 (2)当主语是不定式时，表语不能用v.­ing形式，可用不定式。 To see is to believe.(眼见为实)(Seeing is believing.) 一、高考真题 2026年高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2.（2026年全国二卷）At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still being early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian ____65____ (meet) another life force: coffee. 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 3.（2026年浙江1月）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) ____36____ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 2025年高考真题 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 答案：to present。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 2.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 答案：to discover。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 二、语法填空 1． (speed) up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 【答案】To speed 【详解】句意：为加快流程，请确保你通过 ILL申请表提交的信息准确无误。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式to speed，句首单词首字母大写。 2．He started his career as a high school history teacher in the 1980s, using computer simulations and digital images (teach) ancient history.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to teach 【详解】句意：20世纪80年代，他开始了高中历史教师的职业生涯，使用计算机模拟和数字图像教授古代历史。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”，不定式在此表示目的。 3．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children (walk) safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. 【答案】to walk 【详解】句意：很多家长称，路上车流量太大，孩子们步行上学并不安全，于是他们便开车接送孩子。此处为固定结构：too + 名词/形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说太……，以至于无法做某事”，该结构中必须使用动词不定式作结果状语，因此空格处为不定式to walk。 4．John is still too young (realise) that there is a connection between education and his future. 【答案】to realise 【详解】句意：约翰年纪还太小，没有意识到教育和他的未来之间存在联系。此处为固定句型“too...to do”，意为“太……而不能……”，此处需使用动词不定式形式to realise作结果状语。 5．I was once ashamed (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling because I can face it bravely. 【答案】to admit 【详解】句意：我曾经羞于承认自己的弱点，但现在我没有这种感觉了，因为我可以勇敢地面对它。 be ashamed to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“羞于做某事”，用不定式to admit作原因状语。 6．It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：过去，农舍，尤其是长江下游地区的农舍，通常都带有一个绘有花卉图案的灶头。“It was +形容词+for... to do sth”是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，此处用不定式形式to have作主语。 7．It took scholars and experts over two decades (complete) this ambitious project, which involved reproducing the world’s largest ancient encyclopedia. 【答案】to complete 【详解】句意：学者和专家们花了二十多年的时间才完成了这项雄心勃勃的工程，该工程涉及复制世界上最大的古代百科全书。此处考查固定句型“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语，所以空处需要动词不定式。 8．Kevin learned an important lesson that day: always verify the facts before taking action, but never hesitate (help) those in need. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：凯文那天学到了一个重要教训：在采取行动之前，务必核实事实，但绝不能犹豫帮助有需要的人。此处为短语hesitate to do sth.表示“犹豫做某事”。 9．My plan is (invite) my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：我的计划是周末邀请朋友们到我家来，向他们展示我新学会的技能。当主语是plan(计划), aim(目标), goal(目标), idea(想法)这类表示“计划、打算、意图”的名词时，常用动词不定式作表语来表示具体将要发生的动作。 10．I encourage my daughter (make) healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我鼓励女儿选择健康的零食，并且常常劝阻她再吃一份甜点。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，因此用动词不定式形式to make作宾补。 11．Governors of Sichuan Province are preparing an application (include) Sanxingdui Ruins on the World Cultural Heritage List. 【答案】to include 【详解】句意：四川省政府官员正在准备将三星堆遗址列入世界文化遗产名录的申请。根据“application”可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词application，application to do sth表示“做某事的申请”。 12．We need more practical ways (reduce) energy consumption in the classroom. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】句意：我们需要更多切实可行的方法来减少教室里的能源消耗。way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，本空用不定式to reduce，作定语。 13．Brian, an experienced sailor, knew they needed to find a safe place (escape) the storm immediately to stay safe. 【答案】to escape 【详解】句意：经验丰富的水手布莱恩知道，他们必须立刻找一处安全之地躲避暴风雨以保全自身。分析句子可知，此处为固定结构：a place to do sth “做某事的地方”，此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰place，表目的：躲避暴风雨的安全之地。 14．More volunteers are likely (surround) the playground to keep order during the sports meeting. 【答案】to surround 【详解】句意：运动会期间，可能会有更多志愿者守在操场周围维持秩序。分析句子结构可知，这里考查固定搭配be likely to do sth.，表“有可能做某事”，应用不定式to surround，符合语境。 15．The major aim of the mental health campaign is (absorb) the positive energy and release the negative emotions. 【答案】to absorb 【详解】句意：心理健康活动的主要目的是吸收积极能量，释放负面情绪。由aim可知，表示“目的”的抽象名词作主语，空格处用不定式作表语。 16．Henry can’t attend the party (hold) at Tom’s house tomorrow because he has a presentation to prepare. 【答案】to be held 【详解】句意：Henry无法参加明天在Tom家举办的聚会，因为他要准备一个演示。本句谓语为can’t attend，此处为非谓语动词，且the party与hold为被动关系，且由tomorrow可知动作尚未发生，应用不定式的被动语态to be held，作后置定语。 17．Last Monday, our teacher assigned us (write) a report on climate change, focusing on the impact of rising sea levels. 【答案】to write 【详解】句意：上周一，老师布置我们写一篇关于气候变化的报告，重点讨论海平面上升的影响。固定短语assign sb. to do sth.，表示“分配某人做某事”，本空用不定式to write作宾语补足语。 18．The teacher permitted the students (refer) to their dictionaries when they were stuck on difficult words in the homework. 【答案】to refer 【详解】句意：老师允许学生们在作业中遇到生词时查阅词典。permit sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to refer作宾语补足语。 19．The teacher asked Tom (withdraw) his incorrect comment from the class discussion to avoid misunderstanding. 【答案】to withdraw 【详解】句意：老师要求汤姆撤回课堂讨论中从不当言论，以免产生误解。ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。 20．She wanted her hand-painted environmental posters (notice) by more students, so she put them up in the hallway. 【答案】to be noticed 【详解】句意：她希望自己手绘的环保海报能被更多同学看到，便将海报张贴在了走廊。此处为固定结构want sth to be done，notice与逻辑主语posters之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动词不定式的被动形式to be noticed作宾补。 21．She found a creative way (solve) the problem without asking for help. 【答案】to solve 【详解】句意：她想到了一个不用求助就能解决这个问题的创新方法。a way to do sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事的方法”，此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词way。 22．With a lot of homework (do) this evening, he can’t go to the movies with us. 【答案】to do 【详解】句意：今晚有很多作业要做，他不能跟我们一起去看电影了。此处为with的复合结构，do应以非谓语的形式出现，根据后文“he can’t go to the movies with us”可知，作业还未完成，用不定式表示将来，该非谓语动词与逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，应不定式的一般形式to do。 23．The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly (notice). 【答案】to be noticed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英式英语和美式英语在词汇和语法上的差异是如此微小和稀少，以至于很难被注意到。“so...as to do...”为固定结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，其中动词不定式作结果状语，又因notice(注意)与其逻辑主语“The vocabulary and grammatical differences”之间为被动关系，即“差异被注意到”，因此应使用不定式的被动形式to be done。故填to be noticed。 24．The desire (stand) out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. 【答案】to stand 【详解】句意：想要脱颖而出的渴望占据了我的内心，驱使我做出了一个令人后悔的决定。desire to do“做……的渴望”是常用搭配，不定式作定语修饰抽象名词desire。 25．There is no doubt that (achieve) a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities. 【答案】to achieve 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，要想实现目标，一个人不仅需要知识，还需要良好的品格。宾语从句中已有谓语动词needs，空处应用非谓语动词，表目的，应用不定式to achieve。 26．The noise from outside often made it hard for him (concentrate) on the thing that brought him joy. 【答案】to concentrate 【详解】考查不定式。句意：外界的噪音常常使他难以专心于能给他带来快乐的事情上。make it hard for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“使某人难以做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，故填to concentrate。 27．We believe that by the year 2030, we will have learned (adapt) better to the continual and rapid changes of modern society. 【答案】to adapt 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们相信，到2030年，我们将学会更好地适应现代社会持续而快速的变化。此处为固定搭配learn to do sth.，adapt用不定式形式to adapt意为“适应”。故填to adapt。 28． (reduce) air pollution, the government has introduced stricter environmental laws. 【答案】To reduce 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为减少空气污染，政府已出台了更为严格的环保法规。分析句子可知，此处用不定式To reduce 作目的状语，表示“为了减少空气污染”，符合句子逻辑。故填To reduce。 29．Many young people in the 19th century left their hometowns (seek) their fortunes in the gold mines. 【答案】to seek 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪，许多年轻人离开家乡，前往金矿寻求财富。句子已有谓语动词left，此处需用非谓语动词；离开家乡的目的是去金矿寻求财富，因此用不定式to seek作目的状语，故填to seek。 30．Whether to participate in that competition remains (discuss) and decided. 【答案】to be discussed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：是否参加那项比赛还需进一步讨论并做出决定。短语remain to do sth.，且discuss与Whether to participate in that competition构成被动关系，用to be done形式。故填to be discussed。 三、完成句子 31．我们早起以便能赶上第一班火车。 We got up early ________ ________ ________ catch the first train. 【答案】 so as to 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“以便”，可用固定短语so as to，后接动词原形，构成不定式，表示目的。 32．他处理这个问题的能力很强。 He has a strong ability ________ ________ the problem. 【答案】 to handle 【详解】表示“处理”可用动词handle，且ability后接不定式作后置定语。 33．Many people choose to ________ ________ ________ charities during the holiday season. 许多人在节日期间选择向慈善机构捐钱。 【答案】 donate money to 【详解】表示“捐钱”用固定短语donate money to，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。 34．防止不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 ________________ harmful habits ________________ a teenager’s life is essential. 【答案】 To prevent from dominating 【详解】表示“防止做某事”短语为prevent from doing sth.，此处为不定式作主语；表示“支配”用动名词dominating。句首单词首字母大写。 35．________ the UN’s initiative for global teenagers. 我很高兴听到你想参加联合国全球青少年倡议。 【答案】I’m glad to hear that you want to take part in 【详解】根据句意，主句表示“我很高兴听到”用I’m glad to hear that，that引导宾语从句；从句表示“想要参加”为want to take part in，结合句意以及主句谓语动词可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语用动词原形。 36．你应该告诉汤姆什么时候去做这件事。 You should tell Tom ______________________________. 【答案】when to do the thing 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，本题应翻译“什么时候去做这件事”，作tell的宾语； “什么时候去做这件事”用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构表达，“什么时候”译为when，“去做这件事”译为to do the thing，整合为when to do the thing。 37．我父母对我的期望是努力学习，进入一所好大学。 What my parents expect of me is _________ 【答案】to study hard and get into a good university 【详解】“努力学习”译为study hard；“进入一所好大学”可译为get into a good university，二者为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。空处应用不定式短语to study hard and get into a good university作表语，表示将要去做的动作或具体要去做的事。 38．她隔着街道向他挥手，但他假装没有看见。 She waved at him across the street, but he ______________. 【答案】pretended not to notice 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处要翻译“假装没有看见”；but前面的谓语动词用了过去式waved，所填内容在but分句后面作谓语，要用过去式；表示“假装没做某事”用pretend not to+动词原形，“假装”用过去式pretended，“看见”用notice表示，即pretended not to notice。 39．她只想冲回家，倒在她的小床上大哭一场! She was just desperate to rush home and ________________! 【答案】throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly 【详解】“倒在……上”可表达为throw oneself onto...，这里主语是She，所以用throw herself onto；“她的小床”是little bed；“大哭一场”，“大哭”用weep，wildly表示程度，“疯狂地”。and连接两个并列动作，rush home与throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly并列，位于动词不定式符号to后面，都用动词原形。 40．我们很少有机会穿中国传统服装。 We seldom have an opportunity ________________. 【答案】to wear traditional Chinese costume 【详解】此处为固定结构：have an opportunity to do sth“有机会做某事”，后接不定式作定语，表示“穿中国传统服装”应为动词短语wear traditional Chinese costume。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·四川成都·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is 1 famous saying ”Good habits lead to good endings”, 2 shows the importance of habits. “An apple a day keeps a doctor away.” also shows that our body 3 (build) up by developing a healthy everyday Habit. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, 4 (include ) high scores and abundant (丰富的) knowledge. At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes to the content of our learning. 5 (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important 6 I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits — keep a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by 7 (write), learning summaries and remember to record something 8 (impress) and meaningful. If we can gain this good learning habit, we 9 (benefit) a lot from it. What’s more, I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only focus on reading for a short time and I will overcome this problem by spending more time 10 concentration practice in future. 【答案】 1．a 2．which 3．is built 4．including 5．Obviously 6．that 7．writing 8．impressive 9．will benefit 10．on 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍学习习惯对学习效果的影响，并倡导养成记学习日记等良好学习习惯。 1．考查冠词。句意：有一句名言：“好习惯成就好结局”，这体现了习惯的重要性。saying为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一句名言”为泛指，且famous是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查定语从句。句意：有一句名言：“好习惯成就好结局”，这体现了习惯的重要性。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词saying指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：“一天一苹果，医生远离我”也表明，养成健康的日常习惯可以增强我们的体质。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语our body与build为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以用is built。故填is built。 4．考查介词。句意：因此，良好的学习习惯能帮助我们取得优异的学习成果，包括高分和丰富的知识。此处表示“包括”，后接名词作宾语，所以用介词including。故填including。 5．考查副词。句意：显而易见，好习惯能帮助我们更快地达成目标。此处修饰整个句子，用obvious的副词形式obviously意为“显而易见地”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obviously。 6．考查连词。句意：正如我们所见，养成好习惯如此重要，因此我想介绍一种好的学习习惯——每天记学习日记。此处为固定句型so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，所以用连词that。引导结果状语从句。故填that。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以通过写学习总结来开始这个习惯，并记得记录下令人印象深刻且有意义的内容。此处位于介词by后，后接动名词形式，所以用writing。故填writing。 8．考查形容词。句意：我们可以通过写学习总结来开始这个习惯，并记得记录下令人印象深刻且有意义的内容。此处与meaningful并列修饰不定代词something，用impress的形容词形式impressive意为“印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 9．考查动词时态。句意：如果我们能养成这个良好的学习习惯，我们将从中受益匪浅。此处为谓语动词，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，所以用will benefit。故填will benefit。 10．考查介词。句意：我只能短时间集中注意力阅读，今后我会通过花更多时间进行专注力训练来克服这个问题。此处为固定搭配spend time on sth.，意为“在某事上花费时间”，所以用介词on。故填on。 （25-26高一上·河北秦皇岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Marko, going off to college meant 1 (stay) focused on academics and athletics. However, arriving on campus, he felt at a loss and lonely at times. The amount of work 2 (require) outside of class was more than he expected. Marko had close friends in high school, but because of his demanding new schedule, he lost touch 3 many of them. Sadness set in and over winter break, Marko felt very depressed. 4 (unfortunate), Marko’s story is not unique. The sudden change that 5 (occur) with this transition (过渡) is a reality for most freshmen. They must learn how 6 (balance) parties and studying; they may also be battling homesickness. As parents, how can you support your teenagers? First, help them find a trusted adult mentor (导师) 7 can provide a unique point of view. Second, work with your teenager to master some everyday skills, such as doing laundry and managing money. If basic skills 8 (deal) with before starting college life, another level of stress will be removed. Finally, spend time talking about ways to deal with 9 (anxious). Hearing about highs and lows from your own experiences normalizes their challenges. Remember the college transition is a journey of growth for 10 entire family. 【答案】 1．staying 2．required 3．with 4．Unfortunately 5．occurs 6．to balance 7．who/that 8．are dealt 9．anxiety 10．the 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何帮助青少年适应大学生活。 1．考查动名词。句意：对Marko来说，上大学意味着专注于学业和运动。本空作meant的宾语，mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，本空用动名词staying，作宾语。故填staying。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：课外所需的工作量比他预期的要多。本空修饰名词work，require与work之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词required，作后置定语，故填required。 3．考查介词。句意：Marko在高中时有亲密的朋友，但由于新的日程安排很紧张，他与他们中的许多人失去了联系。lose touch with sb.表示“与某人失去联系”，with为介词。故填with。 4．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，Marko的故事并不罕见。本空修饰句子，作状语，用副词unfortunately“不幸的是”，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种过渡所带来的突然变化是大多数大一新生的现实。此处描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语that指代先行词change，为单数形式，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式occurs，故填occurs。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们必须学会如何平衡聚会和学习；他们可能还在与思乡之情作斗争。learn how to do sth.表示“学会如何做某事”，本空用不定式to balance，故填to balance。 7．考查定语从句。句意：首先，帮助他们找到一个值得信赖的成年导师，他能提供独特的观点。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词mentor，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导，故填who/that。 8．考查时态语态。句意：如果在开始大学生活之前处理好基本技能，就会消除另一层压力。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，basic skills与deal with之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are，故填are dealt。 9．考查名词。句意：最后，花时间讨论如何处理焦虑。本空作介词with的宾语，用名词anxiety“焦虑”，故填anxiety。 10．考查冠词。句意：记住，大学过渡是整个家庭成长的旅程。family是可数名词，此处表特指，用定冠词the，故填the。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一下·山东青岛·期中）Cooking tutorials (教程) on the social media, which dish out entertaining, accessible cooking directions by and for young people, have millions of viewers, making it a major generational hobby and source of pride. 18-year-old Mia Kristensen is one of them. Cooking is something she enjoys, and preparing dinner all by herself has become an achievement. According to Mary Bliss, who researches habits among young people, saving money is an additional motivation to keep cooking. Indeed, knowing how to cook — even if it began as an economic consideration — has become a key identity marker for the young, who tend to define themselves through hobbies, like cooking. Cooking, as a hobby, can signal a number of values, noted researcher Kathy Sheehan. Young adults are particularly concerned with building their favorite lives, say, someone is interested in different cultures, or prefer local and seasonal produce. And cooking reflects this. As a creative act, cooking serves as a quiet break largely free from technology. For young people who’ve spent nearly their whole life with the internet, cooking can be calming. “It grounds you in a world that’s real,” Roberta Katz, a cultural professor said. Cooking means more to young people like Celeste Mosley, 21. After finding a rice pudding recipe on TikTok, making it has become the only thing that gets her out of bed and comforts her. This isn’t a surprise and Nicole Farmer who is studying behavior and nutrition has proved it: The process of cooking can improve one’s mood and relieve one’s anxiety and depression. Simply, cooking commands your full attention and all of your senses. You must balance various skills, whether properly slicing, cognitively planning, or creatively constructing leftovers into a new sweet dish. Besides, cooking boosts self-confidence and strengthens social bonding especially when meals are shared. Now in my 40s, I still remember one college summer. After long hours of working at a bakery, I proudly walked out with a bag of unsold bread, which were both filling and free for my roommates and me. Among the skills I acquired in the ups and downs of young adulthood, baking bread was the greatest one. 1．What does the underlined “this” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Exploring diverse cultures. B．Tasting produce in season. C．Live a life as they wish. D．Planning for their future. 2．What is implied in Nicole Farmer’s studies? A．Cooking cures those who are physically ill. B．Cooking stops the young from getting up late. C．Cooking prepares the young to be great chefs. D．Cooking calls for all-round skills and minds. 3．For the author, baking is ________ A．a reminder of growth. B．a way to make friends. C．a symbol of success. D．a must to survive. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Let the young cook B．TikTok: source of recipes C．Why do humans cook? D．Researches on cooking 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述如今年轻人热衷下厨做饭，介绍做饭省钱、舒缓情绪、提升自信等多重意义与价值。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Young adults are particularly concerned with building their favorite lives, say, someone is interested in different cultures, or prefer local and seasonal produce. And cooking reflects this.(年轻人尤其热衷于打造自己心仪的生活，比如有人喜爱多元异域文化，有人偏爱本土应季食材，而烹饪恰好能体现出这类生活追求)”可知，前文点明年轻人追求打造属于自己喜爱的生活，后文举例说明这类生活的具体表现，代词this指代前文所说的按照自己的心意去过想要的生活。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“You must balance various skills, whether properly slicing, cognitively planning, or creatively constructing leftovers into a new sweet dish.(你需要兼顾各类本领，无论是精准切配食材、理性统筹安排，还是巧用剩菜创意制作出新的甜品)”可知，研究表明烹饪需要全方位的技巧与思维能力。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Among the skills I acquired in the ups and downs of young adulthood, baking bread was the greatest one.(在青年时期起起落落的岁月里学到的诸多本领中，烤面包是我收获最珍贵的一项)”可知，烘焙对于作者而言是成长路上的印记，是成长的见证。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是首段中的“Cooking tutorials (教程) on the social media, which dish out entertaining, accessible cooking directions by and for young people, have millions of viewers, making it a major generational hobby and source of pride.(社交媒体上面向年轻人的烹饪教程受众众多，做饭已然成为当代年轻人的主流爱好与骄傲)”可知，文章围绕年轻人喜爱烹饪展开，全面阐述烹饪带给年轻人的诸多好处与积极影响，所以“Let the young cook(让年轻人下厨)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。 （25-26高一上·广东惠州·期中）A challenge is a situation that tests your abilities. It needs hard work and courage to get through. Challenges come from many sources, and knowing where they come from is the first step toward dealing with them well. The sources of challenges are often two-part: external (外部的) and internal. External challenges come from the world around you such as moving to a new school, getting used to new study methods, or facing more competition from classmates. Unexpected things, like sudden exams or group project pressure, can also be external challenges. Internal challenges come from yourself. They might be not having enough skills, not knowing some knowledge, or feeling frightened and unsure about yourself — these things can slow down your progress. Often, the hardest challenges mix both external pressure and internal worries. Successfully managing challenges requires a step-by-step method. First, look at the situation clearly and honestly. If a challenge feels too big, divide it into small, easy-to-do tasks. For example, instead of being unconfident with a big project, focus on finishing the first small research. Secondly, actively look for resources (资源) and support. This could be about learning new knowledge through study, improving skills with practice, or depending on the guidance of teachers and the encouragement of friends. Having people to support you gives not only useful tips but also courage and strength. Finally, build resilience. Setbacks (挫折) are a certain part on the path to any meaningful goal — they might make you feel down. The key is to stand up again, learn from what went wrong, and keep moving toward your goal. In short, challenges are something you can’t avoid, and they’re necessary for growth. By understanding where they come from, designing a strategic plan, and carrying on with it without giving up, you can turn difficulties into chances to become better — both in your studies and personal life. 1．Which can be considered an internal source of challenges? A．Uncertainty about the future. B．The development of AI technology. C．Difficult Gaokao questions. D．A new living environment. 2．What should we do firstly when learning to use a video editing app according to the passage? A．Wait to see if it becomes easier. B．Learn new editing skills with practice. C．Master its basic uses one by one. D．Ask friends for encouragement. 3．What does the underlined word “resilience” in paragraph 3 mean? A．The gift for solving problems. B．The knowledge of setting goals. C．The decision to keep going. D．The ability to get back up. 4．What is the writer’s opinion on challenges? A．They set back one’s growth. B．They are a must for success. C．They can be managed wisely. D．They come from inner thoughts. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挑战的定义、内外来源，以及应对挑战的步骤，阐明挑战对成长的必要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Internal challenges come from yourself. They might be not having enough skills, not knowing some knowledge, or feeling frightened and unsure about yourself — these things can slow down your progress.(内在挑战源于你自身。它们可能是技能不足、知识欠缺，或是对自己感到恐惧和不确定——这些都会减缓你的进步)”推知，对未来的不确定属于源于自身的内在挑战。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Successfully managing challenges requires a step-by-step method. First, look at the situation clearly and honestly. If a challenge feels too big, divide it into small, easy-to-do tasks.(成功应对挑战需要循序渐进的方法。首先，清晰诚实地审视现状。如果一个挑战看起来太大，就把它分解成小而容易完成的任务)”可推断，学习使用视频剪辑软件时，首先应将其分解，逐一掌握基本用法。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Setbacks (挫折) are a certain part on the path to any meaningful goal — they might make you feel down. The key is to stand up again, learn from what went wrong, and keep moving toward your goal.(挫折是实现任何有意义目标道路上的必然部分——它们可能会让你情绪低落。关键是重新站起来，从错误中学习，继续朝着目标前进)”可知，前文提及培养resilience，后文具体解释面对挫折要重新振作，由此猜测resilience意为“恢复力，重新振作的能力”，与D项“重新站起来的能力”意思相近。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In short, challenges are something you can’t avoid, and they’re necessary for growth. By understanding where they come from, designing a strategic plan, and carrying on with it without giving up, you can turn difficulties into chances to become better.(总之，挑战是无法避免的，它们对成长至关重要。通过了解挑战的来源、制定策略计划并坚持不懈地执行，你可以将困难转化为变得更好的机会)”可知，作者认为挑战可以被明智地应对和管理。故选C项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $