Unit 2 Natural Disasters 语法Grammar 动词不定式作定语和结果状语练习-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural Disasters 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 一、单句语法填空 1．As a young artist, she brings with her everywhere a small notebook in which (record) her fleeting thoughts and flashes of inspiration. 2．Once (form), bad habits are hard to get rid of. 3．When (propose) a plan, we should include things such as start and end dates, objectives and goals. 4．The project will proceed as planned, unless (suspend) due to unforeseen circumstances beyond our current control. 5． The e-mail started off: “Dear Mr. Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than (expect).” 6．When deeply (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. 7．Disappointed at the competition, the host won't attend the event, even if (invite). 8．Though (live) a poor life, the teacher often spares some money to the poor. 9．When (measure) the field, he found a strange creature. 10．A balanced diet can be better for our health when (combine) with regular exercise. 11．Liu Xiang became the first Asian (win) the gold medal in the men’s hurdles. 12．Practice is the best way to (sharp) your language skills. 13．The decision (make) at the meeting tomorrow will affect the whole company. 14．I firmly believe in the power of technology (transform) lives. 15．The school adopted a new method (teach) English. 16．When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it’s important to know the right and wrong things (do). 17．The best way (ease) pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. 18．Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city (host) the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou. 19．His eagerness (get) back home was quite obvious. 20．If you have the nationality of a particular country, you’ll have the legal right (be) a citizen. 21．However, as time passed, he saw fewer young people willing to learn the art as the income was too low (attract) them. 22．The soil in this part of the world is not rich enough (sustain) a large population. 23．From my point of view, Jane was too young (proceed) with the next job. 24．You might be too upset (think) straight, or you might not have all the information you need to address the problem. 25．Would you be kind enough (accommodate) us for the night in your home? 26．Tom worked hard, only (fail) the examination again at last. 27．The adult was too excited (speak) when he heard the news. 28．The plants generate enough energy (power) a town of 6,000 people. 29．A car was coming towards the girl quickly and she was too frightened by the sight (move). 30．The road being under construction, the citizens have no choice but (ride) bicycles to go to work or go to school. 二、完成句子 31．过马路时，请务必小心。 the road, please be very careful. 32．虽然被警告过很多次，他还是犯了同样的错误。 many times, he still made the same mistake. 33．尽管下着雨，开学典礼还是如期举行了。 Despite the heavy rain, the school opening ceremony started . 34．在等公交时，我遇到了一位老朋友。 , I met an old friend. 35．我相信他有成为一个好的舞蹈家的潜能。 I believe he make a good dancer. 36．关键是你的工作能力，而不是你从哪里来或你是谁。 , not where you come from or what you are. 37．他总是吃苦在前, 享受在后。 He is always hardships and comforts. 38．我有英语演讲比赛要参加。 I have an English speech contest . 39．她很聪明，不会中圈套去做任何困难的工作。 She is too clever . 40．我太紧张了，以至于他自我介绍时我没注意。 I’m nervous pay attention when he introduced himself. 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Natural Disasters 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 一、单句语法填空 1．As a young artist, she brings with her everywhere a small notebook in which (record) her fleeting thoughts and flashes of inspiration. 【答案】to record 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：作为一名年轻的艺术家，她总是随身携带一个小小的笔记本，用来记录那些稍纵即逝的想法和灵感迸发的瞬间。此处为定语从句的省略，当定语从句的主语与主句主语一致（此处均为 she），且从句中含有情态动词can/will等表目的或功能的含义时，可将从句简化为“介词+关系代词+不定式” 的结构，省略主语和情态动词，使表达更简洁，完整的从句为in which she can record her her fleeting thoughts and flashes of inspiration。故填to record。 2．Once (form), bad habits are hard to get rid of. 【答案】formed 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：一旦形成，坏习惯就很难改掉。分析句子结构可知，Once引导状语从句，主从句主语一致，为bad habits，动词form与bad habits是动宾关系，状语从句是Once they are formed，they指代bad habits，从句主语和be动词可省略，此空填过去分词formed。故填formed。 3．When (propose) a plan, we should include things such as start and end dates, objectives and goals. 【答案】proposing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在提出计划时，我们应该包括开始和结束日期、目标和目的等内容。when引导的时间状语从句，主语是we，完整的从句是when we are proposing，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，只保留分词，因此空格处是proposing。故填proposing。 4．The project will proceed as planned, unless (suspend) due to unforeseen circumstances beyond our current control. 【答案】suspended 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：该项目将按计划推进，除非因目前无法控制的不可预见情况而暂停。分析句子结构可知，The project will proceed as planned为主句，unless引导的为条件状语从句；由于从句主语与主句主语一致，故可将从句中的主语和be动词一同省略，仅保留过去分词suspended，其完整形式为：unless (the project is) suspended...。故填suspended。 5． The e-mail started off: “Dear Mr. Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than (expect).” 【答案】expected 【详解】考查时态，被动语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：这封电子邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”及“审核过程比预期的要长。”process是被预计，描述事实，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态it is expected，状语从句中主语是it，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是expected。故填expected。 6．When deeply (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注于工作时，他常常会忘记吃饭或睡觉，他经常这样。“be absorbed in”是固定短语，意为“全神贯注于”，在when引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，此处省略了“he was”，用形容词化的过去分词形式。故填absorbed。 7．Disappointed at the competition, the host won't attend the event, even if (invite). 【答案】invited 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：对比赛感到失望，即使被邀请，主持人也不会参加活动。分析句子结构可知，此处为“even if”引导的让步状语从句中省略，省略了主语“the host”和be动词，主语与invite之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填invited。 8．Though (live) a poor life, the teacher often spares some money to the poor. 【答案】living 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然过着贫穷的生活，但老师经常给穷人一些钱。连词when，though，if，once等可连接省略的状语从句，从句中的主语必须与主句中的主语一致且从句中要含有助动词be，此时可省去从句中的主语和助动词be。此句中live的逻辑主语是the teacher，与主句的主语一致，因此though后省略“主语+be”。故填living。 9．When (measure) the field, he found a strange creature. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他测量场地时，他发现了一个奇怪的生物。when引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，此句中measure和逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，完整形式是When he was measuring the field，省略后为When measuring the field。故填measuring。 10．A balanced diet can be better for our health when (combine) with regular exercise. 【答案】combined 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：均衡的饮食与规律的锻炼相结合时，对我们的健康会更有益。分析句子可知，此处是when引导时间状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be动词，此处为省略从句主语A balanced diet和be动词is，完整形式为“when it is combined”。逻辑主语“A balanced diet”与“combine”之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词“combined”。故填combined。 11．Liu Xiang became the first Asian (win) the gold medal in the men’s hurdles. 【答案】to win 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：刘翔成为首位在男子跨栏项目中赢得金牌的亚洲人。根据空前的“the first Asian”可知，此处为“the+序数词+名词+to do sth.”，表示“第几个做某事的人”，所以空处需用动词不定式to win作后置定语。故填to win。 12．Practice is the best way to (sharp) your language skills. 【答案】sharpen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：练习是提升语言技能的最佳途径。修饰名词way，需用动词不定式作后置定语，空处需填动词原形sharpen和to构成动词不定式。故填sharpen。 13．The decision (make) at the meeting tomorrow will affect the whole company. 【答案】to be made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天会议上作出的决定将影响整个公司。句子谓语动词是will affect，空处应填非谓语动词的形式，make与逻辑主语The decision之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语tomorrow可知，动作还未发生，应用动词不定式的被动形式作后置定语。故填to be made。 14．I firmly believe in the power of technology (transform) lives. 【答案】to transform 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我坚信技术有改变生活的力量。the power of sb/sth to do sth为固定搭配，表示“某人/某物做某事的能力”，所以空处应使用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词power。故填to transform。 15．The school adopted a new method (teach) English. 【答案】to teach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这所学校采用了一种新的英语教学方法。a method to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，此处需用不定式to teach作后置定语，修饰名词method。故填to teach。 16．When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it’s important to know the right and wrong things (do). 【答案】to do 【详解】考查动词不定式作后置定语。 句意：当你去世界不同地方的餐厅时，知道要做的正确和错误的事情很重要。主句中已有谓语动词is，空处应用非谓语，表示“要去做的事情”应用不定式作后置定语。故填to do。 17．The best way (ease) pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. 【答案】to ease 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：缓解旅游过度饱和目的地压力的最佳方法是前往其他地方。the best way to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的最佳方式”，动词不定式to ease作后置定语。 故填to ease。 18．Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city (host) the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou. 【答案】to host 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杭州将成为继北京和广州之后，第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。名词city前面有序数词修饰，需用动词不定式to host，作后置定语。故填to host。 19．His eagerness (get) back home was quite obvious. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他渴望回家的心情显而易见。修饰名词eagerness，需用动词不定式to get，作后置定语。故填to get。 20．If you have the nationality of a particular country, you’ll have the legal right (be) a citizen. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你拥有某个国家的国籍，你就有成为公民的合法权利。空格处需填入动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词right，表示“有做……的权利”用have the right to do sth.，为固定短语。故填to be。 21．However, as time passed, he saw fewer young people willing to learn the art as the income was too low (attract) them. 【答案】to attract 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，他发现越来越少的年轻人愿意学习这门艺术，因为收入太低，无法吸引他们。too…to…为固定搭配，表示“太……而不能……”，空处需填动词attract“吸引”的不定式。故填to attract。 22．The soil in this part of the world is not rich enough (sustain) a large population. 【答案】to sustain 【详解】考查动词不定式。 句意：世界上这片地区的土壤不够肥沃，无法维持大量人口。be +形容词+enough to do sth, 不定式作结果状语。故填to sustain。 23．From my point of view, Jane was too young (proceed) with the next job. 【答案】to proceed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，简太年轻了，不能从事下一份工作。根据句意和空格前的too young可知，此处考查“too...to...(太……以至于不能……)”结构，所以，空格处应该用不定式作结果状语。故填to proceed。 24．You might be too upset (think) straight, or you might not have all the information you need to address the problem. 【答案】to think 【详解】考查不定式。句意：你可能太沮丧而无法思考，或者你可能没有解决问题所需的所有信息。too...to...为固定句型，意为“太……而不能……”，符合句意，其后用不定式形式作结果状语，故填to think。 25．Would you be kind enough (accommodate) us for the night in your home? 【答案】to accommodate 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：你能否好心在你家里让我们过夜？句子使用固定句型“be +adj.+ enough to do sth”表示“足够……去做某事”，不定式作结果状语。故填to accommodate。 26．Tom worked hard, only (fail) the examination again at last. 【答案】to fail 【详解】考查不定式。句意：汤姆努力学习，结果考试又不及格。由Tom worked hard和fail the examination again可知，他考试又不及格是出乎意料的结果，表出乎意料的结果要用“only+不定式”，因此空格处是不定式to fail。故填to fail。 27．The adult was too excited (speak) when he heard the news. 【答案】to speak 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：大人听到这个消息激动得说不出话来。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定句型“too…to do sth.”意为“太……而不能……”符合句意，所以此处使用不定式形式作结果状语。故填to speak。 28．The plants generate enough energy (power) a town of 6,000 people. 【答案】to power 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工厂产生的能量足以为一个拥有6000人的小镇供电。本句谓语为generate，此处应用非谓语动词，故应用power“驱动，供应电力”的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填to power。   29．A car was coming towards the girl quickly and she was too frightened by the sight (move). 【答案】to move 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车快速地向这个女孩驶来,她被这个场景吓得不能动了。本句中的“too...to...”表示“太……以至于不能……”，其中to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填to move。 30．The road being under construction, the citizens have no choice but (ride) bicycles to go to work or go to school. 【答案】to ride 【详解】考查固定用法。have no choice but后跟动词不定式：非...不可,除...之外别无他法，所以此处填to ride。 二、完成句子 31．过马路时，请务必小心。 the road, please be very careful. 【答案】 When crossing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“过马路时”为when引导的时间状语从句，翻译为“When crossing the road”是“When you are crossing the road”的省略形式。当主从句主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。故填When crossing。 32．虽然被警告过很多次，他还是犯了同样的错误。 many times, he still made the same mistake. 【答案】 Though warned 【详解】考查让步状语从句的省略用法。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为连词Though表示“虽然”引导让步状语从句的省略用法，表示“警告”为动词warn；此处为“Though + 过去分词”是“让步状语从句的省略结构”，完整形式为“Though he was warned”。当从句主语与主句主语一致（均为“he”），且从句含 be 动词时，可省略“主语 + be 动词”，直接用“连词 + 过去分词”作状语。Though warned让步状语从句省略（连词 + 过去分词）强调被动状态。故分别填Though；warned。 33．尽管下着雨，开学典礼还是如期举行了。 Despite the heavy rain, the school opening ceremony started . 【答案】as scheduled 【详解】考查状语从句省略形式。主句主语为the school opening ceremony，空处为状语从句，完整形式为as it was scheduled。由于从句主语it指代主句主语，且谓语包含was，因此可省略it was，保留as scheduled，表示“如期”。故填as scheduled。 34．在等公交时，我遇到了一位老朋友。 , I met an old friend. 【答案】While waiting for the bus 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“在等公交时”应用while waiting for the bus，为省略结构，完整从句为“while I was waiting for the bus”，由于时间状语从句中主语“I”与主句主语一致，且从句含be动词“was”，可省略从句主语和be动词，且句首时首字母应大写。故填While waiting for the bus。 35．我相信他有成为一个好的舞蹈家的潜能。 I believe he make a good dancer. 【答案】has the potential to 【详解】考查短语。表示“有……的潜能”短语为have the potential to，不定式作后置定语，修饰potential。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用三单形式。故填has the potential to。 36．关键是你的工作能力，而不是你从哪里来或你是谁。 , not where you come from or what you are. 【答案】It is your ability to do the job that matters 【详解】考查强调句型、非谓语动词。表示“关键是……”用强调句型it is/was...that...，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is；表示“你的能力”用your ability，作主语；表示“工作”用do the job，用不定式，作定语，修饰your ability；表示“有关系，重要”用matter，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式matters。故填It is your ability to do the job that matters。 37．他总是吃苦在前, 享受在后。 He is always hardships and comforts. 【答案】 the first to bear the last to enjoy 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。分析句子成分可知，从always开始到句末为表语，由连词and连接两个并列的表语结构，结合句意，可用“the+序数词+不定式”结构，其中不定式作后置定语修饰“the+序数词”构成的名词性短语。“吃苦在前”可理解为“第一个吃苦的人”，“第一（人）”译为the first，“吃苦”用不定式译为to bear hardships，作后置定语修饰the first，第一空填the first to bear。“享受在后”可理解为“最后一个享乐的人”，“最后一个（人）”用序数词，译为the last，“享乐”用不定式译为to enjoy comforts，作后置定语修饰the last，第二空填the last to enjoy。故填①the first to bear；②the last to enjoy。 38．我有英语演讲比赛要参加。 I have an English speech contest . 【答案】to participate in 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“参加”使用动词短语participate in，此处使用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰an English speech contest，表示将来，故填to participate in。 39．她很聪明，不会中圈套去做任何困难的工作。 She is too clever . 【答案】to fall into the trap of doing any hard work 【详解】考查固定结构、动词短语和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“不会中圈套去做任何困难的工作”，结合“too clever”可知，此处用“too+形容词/副词+to do sth.”表示“太……以至于不会……”，“中……的圈套”可用动词短语fall into the trap of doing，“做任何困难的工作”可用动词短语do any hard work。故填to fall into the trap of doing any hard work。 40．我太紧张了，以至于他自我介绍时我没注意。 I’m nervous pay attention when he introduced himself. 【答案】 too to 【详解】考查固定结构。对比中英文可知，空处表示“太……以至于没……”，且第二空后为动词短语pay attention，因此用固定结构too… to…表示。故填①too②to。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $