选择性必修二课文语法填空及解析-2025-2026学年下学期英语期末复习（人教版）

选择性必修二 Unit 1

Unit 1 John Snow Defeats "King Cholera" (Reading and Thinking)

Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed (1) ______ it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, (2) ______ even death. In the early 19th century, when (3) ______ outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose (4) ______ (become) a famous doctor, and even attended (5) ______ Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.

In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories (6) ______ (explain) how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an (7) ______ (infect) from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed (8) ______ the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed (9) ______ (prove). Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was (10)______ severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.

Snow began by marking on a map the exact places (11)______ all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They (12)______ (give) free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was (13)______ (blame). What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it (14)______ (deliver) to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump (15)______ (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.

The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other (16)______ (case) of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely (17)______ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or (18)______ (boil) water.

Through Snow's (19)______ (tire) efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. (20)______ (fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, (21)______ (thank) to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. (22)______ this reason, Snow (23)______ (consider) the father of modern epidemiology.

课文解析

题号	考点类别	答案	详细解析
(1)	从句连接词（宾语从句）	how	showed后接宾语从句，how表示“如何”。
(2)	连词（并列）	and	连接diarrhoea, dehydration, death三个并列名词。
(3)	冠词（泛指）	an	an outbreak表示“一次爆发”，outbreak以元音音素开头。
(4)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to become	rose to become表示“成长为”。
(5)	冠词（特指）	to	attend to sb.为固定搭配，意为“照料/护理某人”。
(6)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to explain	不定式作定语，修饰theories。
(7)	词性转换（动→名词）	infection	an infection from germs表示“来自细菌的感染”。
(8)	介词（固定搭配）	to	subscribe to为固定搭配，意为“同意/支持”。
(9)	非谓语动词（不定式被动）	to be proved	needed to be proved表示“需要被证明”。
(10)	副词（固定搭配）	so	so...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。
(11)	定语从句（关系副词）	where	引导定语从句修饰places，在从句中作地点状语。
(12)	动词时态语态（过去完成时被动）	had been given	“被给予免费啤酒”发生在过去动作之前，用过去完成时被动。
(13)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to blame	be to blame为固定搭配，意为“应受责备”。

题号	考点类别	答案	详细解析
(14)	非谓语动词（过去分词）	delivered	have sth. done结构，表示“让人把水送到她家”。
(15)	非谓语动词（过去分词）	removed	have sth. done结构，表示“让人把泵把手移除”。
(16)	名词复数	cases	other cases表示“其他病例”。
(17)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to get	be likely to do sth.为固定搭配。
(18)	词性转换（动→形容词）	boiled	boiled water表示“烧开过的水”。
(19)	词性转换（名→形容词）	tireless	tireless efforts表示“不懈的努力”。
(20)	词性转换（形→副词）	Fortunately	副词修饰整个句子，表示“幸运的是”。
(21)	介词（固定搭配）	thanks	thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了”。
(22)	介词（固定搭配）	For	for this reason为固定搭配，意为“出于这个原因”。
(23)	动词时态语态（一般现在时被动）	is considered	Snow被公认为现代流行病学之父，表示客观事实。

Unit 1 The Father of China's Aerospace / A World of Pure Thought (Using Language)

THE FATHER OF CHINA'S AEROSPACE

Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science (1)______ Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen (2)______ a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit" who was (3)______ (patriot) and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.

Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University (4)______ (study) Railway Mechanical Engineering. However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major (5)______ aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.