选择性必修三课文语法填空及解析-2025-2026学年下学期英语期末复习（人教版）

选择性必修三 Unit 1

Unit 1 A Short History of Western Painting (Reading and Thinking)

What is Western art? It is hard to give a precise (1) ______ (define). As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is (2) ______ (possible) to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way (3) ______ (understand) Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.

The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)

During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was (4) ______ (teach) people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much (5) ______ (large) than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). (6) ______ his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart (7) ______ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.

The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)

New ideas and values gradually replaced old (8) ______ from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less (9) ______ religious themes. They began to adopt a (10) ______ (much) humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428). (11) ______ (influence) painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations (12) ______ (produce) some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.

(13) ______ innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its (14) ______ (high) with Rembrandt (1606-1669), who gained a reputation (15) ______ a master of shadow and light.

In subject matter, the (16) ______ (emphasize) increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people (17) ______ high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings (18) ______ (show) important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look (19) ______.

Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)

The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve (20) ______ people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) (21) ______ (call) Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monet's aim was (22) ______ (convey) the light and movement in the scene — the subjective impression the scene gave him — but not a (23) ______ (detail) record of the scene itself.

(24) ______ many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. (25) ______ (like) the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He (26) ______ (seek) to show not just the outer image of his subjects, (27) ______ their inner warmth and humanity as well.

Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)

After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, "What do we do next?" Painters such as Picasso (1881-1973) tried to analyse the shapes (28) ______ existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned (29) ______ abstract art. (30) ______ they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, "What is art?"

课文解析

题号	考点类别	答案	详细解析
(1)	词性转换（动→名词）	definition	形容词precise后接名词，表示“精确的定义”。
(2)	词性转换（加否定前缀）	impossible	it is impossible to do sth.表示“不可能做某事”。
(3)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to understand	the best way to do sth.为固定搭配，不定式作定语。
(4)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to teach	不定式作表语，表示目的“是为了教人们”。
(5)	形容词比较级	larger	与than连用，表示“更大”。
(6)	连词（让步）	While/Though	引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。

题号	考点类别	答案	详细解析
(7)	介词（固定搭配）	from	be set apart from为固定搭配，意为“与……区分开来”。
(8)	代词（指代）	ones	ones指代前面的ideas and values。
(9)	介词（固定搭配）	on	concentrate on为固定搭配，意为“专注于”。
(10)	形容词比较级	more	more humanistic表示“更加人性化的”。
(11)	词性转换（动→形容词）	Influential	修饰painters，表示“有影响力的”，首字母大写。
(12)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to produce	不定式作目的状语。
(13)	代词（另一个）	Another	another innovation表示“另一项创新”。
(14)	词性转换（形→名词）	height	reached its height表示“达到顶峰”。
(15)	介词（作为）	as	gain a reputation as为固定搭配，意为“获得……的名声”。
(16)	词性转换（动→名词）	emphasis	定冠词the后接名词，the emphasis表示“重点”。
(17)	介词（具有）	of	people of high rank表示“地位高的人”。
(18)	非谓语动词（不定式）	showing	paintings showing...，现在分词作定语。
(19)	介词（固定搭配）	at	look at为固定搭配，意为“看”。
(20)	从句连接词（宾语从句）	what	作preserve的宾语，what在从句中作like的宾语。
(21)	非谓语动词（过去分词）	called	the painting called...表示“被称为……的画”。
(22)	非谓语动词（不定式）	to convey	不定式作表语，表示目的。
(23)	词性转换（名→形容词）	detailed	a detailed record表示“详细的记录”。