Unit 1 Information and Media 被动语态（核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“构成-用法-特殊情形”三维体系系统构建被动语态知识网络，通过分层训练提升语言运用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1模块|时态对照表对比主动被动结构，分点解析用法场景|从概念（主被动关系）到原理（时态构成）再到特殊情形（双宾语转换等）| |考点夯基|2题型/35题|填空聚焦时态判断，句型转换强化主动被动转换规则|对应构成表核心考点，覆盖高频易错点| |综合提升|3题型/多篇真题|语法选择结合语境应用，填空/选词侧重语篇中语态辨析|从单句到语篇，实现知识迁移与综合运用|

Unit 1 Information and Media 核心语法精练 （被动语态） 目录 知识回顾 1 考点夯基 3 一．根据句意，请用括号内的词的合适形式填空。 3 二．句型转换（改为被动语态） 4 综合提升 5 一．语法选择 5 二．语法填空 10 三．选词填空 13 一、被动语态的构成 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。以下是各种时态的主动语态和被动语态对照表： 时态 构成 例句 一般现在时 主动：do/does 被动：am/is/are + done 主动：They don’t use the computer. 被动：The computer is not used by them. 一般过去时 主动：did 被动：was/were + done 主动：He wrote many stories last year. 被动：Many stories were written by him last year. 一般将来时 主动：shall/will do 被动：shall/will be + done 主动：We will read a poem tomorrow. 被动：A poem will be read by us tomorrow. 主动：am/is/are going to 被动：am/is/are going to be done 主动：We are going to read a poem tomorrow. 被动：A poem is going to be read by us tomorrow. 现在完成时 主动：has/have done 被动：has/have been done 主动：She has learned some English songs. 被动：Some English songs have been learned by her. 情态动词 主动：can/may/must/should do 被动：can/may/must/should be done 主动：We must obey the school rules. 被动：The school rules must be obeyed. 二、被动语态的用法 1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：The task was finished. 任务已经被完成。 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The homework must be handed in on time. 作业必须按时交上来。 3.说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语态。 常用句型有：It is said that... 据说...；It is reported that ... 据报道...; It is hoped that ... 希望...; It is believed that ... 人们相信... 4.当动作的执行者有较长的修饰语时，需要用被动语态。 例如：The plan was supported by those who lived far away from the factory. 那个计划得到了那些住得离工厂远的人的支持。 3、 被动语态的特殊情形 1.双宾语结构的主动语态变被动语态时，有两种常见转换方式：以间接宾语（人）作被动句的主语，此时直接宾语直接保留在被动句中，无需加介词；以直接宾语（物）作被动句的主语，此时间接宾语前通常需加介词to或for（具体介词由动词决定）。 例如：He gave me a book. = I was given a book by him. = A book was given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。 She bought me a gift. = A gift was bought for me (by her). 她给我买了一份礼物。 2.feel, hear, listen to, have, make, let, look at, watch, see, notice 这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to, 但在变被动语态时必须加to。 例如：I saw her go into the office building. = She was seen to go into the office building (by me). 她被（我）看见走进了那栋办公楼。 3.动词短语变被动语态时，不能去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。这类动词短语有：look after, look at, take care of, pay attention to, laugh at 等。 例如：My mother looks after my family well. = My family is looked after well by my mother. 我的家被我妈妈照顾得很好。 4.有些动词表物体本身的特性，不强调动作，特别是当主语为物时。常见的动词有sell, write, wash 等。 例如：The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写。This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料很容易洗。 5.连系动词如feel, look, smell, taste, sound 没有被动形式。 例如：The fish tastes good. 这鱼尝起来味道不错。 6.不及物动词（短语）happen, take place, break out 没有被动语态。 例如：Great changes have taken place in Shenzhen in the past few years. 过去几年里，深圳发生了巨大的变化。 7.“want/need/require + 动名词” “be worth doing” 用主动形式表被动的含义。 例如：The door is broken, ad it needs repairing. = The door is broken, and it needs to be repaired. 这扇门坏了，需要被修理。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 一．根据句意，请用括号内的词的合适形式填空。 1.Our classroom _______________ (clean) by us every day. 2.His father __________________ (ask) to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. 3.Hundreds of jobs __________________ (lose) if the factory closes. 4.Every day, too much water _______________ (waste) in our school. We should save it. 5.Hurry up! The exam must _________________ (finish) in 100 minutes. 6.So far, the moon ______________________ (visit) by man already. 7.A talk on Chinese history _________________ (give) in the school hall next week. 8.Our room must _______________ (keep) clean. 9.English ________________ (speak) in Canada. 10.Children under 9 ________________ (can/take) to the cinema by their parents on Children’s Day. 11.This English song ______________ (sing) by the girls after class every Thursday. 12.The lost dog ____________________ (not/find) by his owner so far. 13.The gift for his birthday ___________________ (must/buy) today because tomorrow is his birthday. 14.Should the shopping bags _______________ (use) in the supermarket? 15.Teenagers ___________________ (educate) to take care of themselves from now on. 16._______ the boy _________ (hurt) on this road by a car last week? 17.I _________________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I would accept the advice. 18.A new cinema _________________ (build) here. They hope to finish it next year. 19.The old man is badly hurt in the accident. He ______________ (must/send) to the hospital. 20.All the preparations for the trip ______________________ (complete), and we are ready to start. 21.The 2026 World Cup ________ (hold) in the United States, Canada and Mexico. 22.So far, more than 200 community service stations ________ (set up) in our city. 23.The hand-made toys ________ (sell) well in the local market because of their unique design. 24.Students ________ (encourage) to take part in after-school sports activities every term. 25.This old building ________ (not repair) yet, but the repair plan has been approved. 26.The international conference ________ (attend) by experts from over 40 countries next month. 27.The missing cat ________ (find) by a kind neighbor yesterday morning. 28.Mobile phones ________ (must not use) in the examination room during the exam. 29.The research paper ________ (write) by the team for two months and it will be finished soon. 30.These valuable cultural relics ________ (protect) by the government since they were discovered. 【答案】1.is cleaned 2.was asked 3.will be lost 4.is wasted5.be finished 6.has been visited 7.will be given8.be kept 9.is spoken10.can be taken11.is sung 12.hasn’t been found13.must be bought14.be used15.will be educated 16.Was; hurt 17.was given18.will be built19.must be sent20.have been completed21.will be held 22.have been set up 23.sell24.are encouraged 25.hasn't been repaired 26.will be attended 27.was found 28.must not be used 29.has been being written 30.have been protected 二．句型转换（改为被动语态） 31.People have planted thousands of trees in the mountain area.（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 32.Can we solve this math problem with the help of a calculator?（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 33.When will the school organize the spring outing?（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.The teacher told us to finish the homework before Friday.（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.My father bought me a new computer as a birthday gift.（改为被动语态，物作主语） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】31.Thousands of trees have been planted in the mountain area (by people). 32.Can this math problem be solved with the help of a calculator (by us)? 33.When will the spring outing be organized by the school? 34.We were told to finish the homework before Friday (by the teacher). 35.A new computer was bought for me as a birthday gift (by my father). 一．语法选择 （1） （2026·广东广州·二模）Beth and Dan would never forget the day their new teacher walked in—Mr. Arty, a robot. Mr. Arty 1 solve every maths problem perfectly. 2 soon they found that Mr. Arty had no feelings at all. Yes, he was just a machine. One morning, when Beth finished 3 a wonderful English article, she showed it to Mr. Arty 4 . “This article contains 320 words, and there 5 still some mistakes,” Mr. Arty commented coldly. He didn’t say 6 nice at all. Later Dan was nervous before giving a speech in history class. “Your heart rate is 115 beats per minute,” Mr. Arty added. He never asked 7 Dan felt okay. All students felt sad about Mr. Arty’s coldness. They wanted to change it. “Let’s help him become a real teacher,” Beth said. And they searched for ways to improve the robot. Finally they decided 8 new instructions into Mr. Arty’s system and trained the robot with 9 students. The next day, Beth raised her hand. “Mr. Arty, could you say ‘good try’ when we make mistakes?” Mr. Arty accepted it and the request 10 into the computer system. The next class, Dan purposely gave a wrong answer. To 11 surprise, Mr. Arty said, “Good try, Dan.” Dan tried again and got it right. Mr. Arty’s screen showed 12 smiling face. And for a moment, Mr. Arty seemed more 13 a human. Day by day, thanks to the instructions his students had given him, Mr. Arty could keep encouraging students to try 14 they made it. Mr. Arty is still a robot, but he is much 15 than before. His students help build his “heart”—the kindness in his program. 1．A．could B．should C．must D．might 2．A．And B．So C．Or D．But 3．A．write B．to write C．written D．writing 4．A．excited B．exciting C．excitedly D．excitement 5．A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 7．A．when B．what C．whether D．why 8．A．add B．to add C．adding D．to adding 9．A．another B．other C．others D．the others 10．A．enter B．entered C．is entered D．was entered 11．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 12．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．A．of B．for C．like D．with 14．A．until B．once C．because D．if 15．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了机器人老师Mr. Arty起初冰冷机械，学生们通过给他添加人性化指令，让他学会了鼓励学生，变得温暖的故事。 【详解】1．句意：Mr. Arty能完美地解决每一道数学题。 根据语境，机器人老师具备解题的能力，could表示“能够”，符合语境，should“应该”、must“必须”、might“可能”均不符。 2．句意：但很快他们发现Mr. Arty完全没有感情。 前文提到机器人老师解题完美，后文说他没有感情，前后是转折关系，But符合语境，And表并列、So表结果、Or表选择，均不符。 3．句意：一天早上，Beth写完一篇很棒的英语文章后，兴奋地拿给Mr. Arty看。 固定搭配finish doing sth.表示“完成做某事”，writing符合语境，write/to write/written均不符合搭配。 4．句意：一天早上，Beth写完一篇很棒的英语文章后，兴奋地拿给Mr. Arty看。 此处修饰动词showed，需要用副词，excitedly符合语境，excited/exciting是形容词，excitement是名词，均不符。 5．句意：“这篇文章有320个单词，还有一些错误。”，Mr. Arty冷冷地评论道。 there be句型中主语some mistakes是复数，且句子时态为一般现在时，are符合语境，is/was/were均不符。 6．句意：他一点好话都没说。 否定句中表示“任何事物”用anything，符合语境，something用于肯定句，nothing表示“没有事物”，everything表示“一切事物”，均不符。 7．句意：他从不问Dan是否感觉还好。 whether表示“是否”，符合语境，when“什么时候”、what“什么”、why“为什么”均不符。 8．句意：最后他们决定给Mr. Arty的系统添加新指令，并用其他学生来训练这个机器人。 固定搭配decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，to add符合语境，add/adding/to adding均不符合搭配。 9．句意：最后他们决定给Mr. Arty的系统添加新指令，并用其他学生来训练这个机器人。 other后接复数名词，表示“其他的”，符合语境，another后接单数名词，others和the others后不接名词，均不符。 10．句意：Mr. Arty接受了这个请求，并且这个请求被输入了计算机系统。 主语the request和enter是被动关系，且句子时态为一般过去时，was entered符合语境，enter/entered/is entered均不符。 11．句意：令他惊讶的是，Mr. Arty说：“Dan，做得不错。” 固定搭配to one's surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”，his符合语境，he/him/himself均不符合搭配。 12．句意：Mr. Arty的屏幕上出现了一个笑脸。 smiling是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a，符合语境，an/the/均不符。 13．句意：那一刻，Mr. Arty看起来更像一个人了。 固定搭配seem like表示“看起来像”，like符合语境，of/for/with均不符合搭配。 14．句意：日复一日，多亏了学生们给他的指令，Mr. Arty能够一直鼓励学生尝试，直到他们成功。 until表示“直到”，符合语境，once“一旦”、because“因为”、if“如果”均不符。 15．句意：Mr. Arty仍然是一个机器人，但他比以前温暖多了。 much后接形容词比较级，warmer符合语境，warm/warmest/the warmest均不符。 （2） （2026·广东广州·二模）My grandma’s garden is 1 place I know. Last spring, she said to me, “Would you like to grow 2 own vegetables?” I agreed without hesitation. “ 3 carefully, my boy,” Grandma began. “There 4 a few simple rules to follow in a garden.” The first lesson was about the soil. “Remember,” she said, “The soil 5 be loose enough for the roots to breathe, or the plants won’t grow well.” The work of preparing it was much 6 than I had imagined. After a while, my arms ached. I 7 there, feeling tired, when Grandma placed her hand on my shoulder. “Patience,” she said. We planted seeds. Every day, I took care of the garden. Two weeks later, tiny green shoots appeared 8 ! I was so excited that I jumped up. Grandma smiled but warned, “Our job isn’t done. We must remove the weeds.” One day, I noticed that some leaves 9 by insects. I was worried. “What can I do?” I asked. Grandma pointed to 10 small cup of soapy water. “Use this,” she said calmly. Months later, we picked our first red tomato! That night, the salad we made tasted better than anything from a store. I realized the real reward wasn’t just the food 11 the sweat and learning that came with it. I’m thankful to Grandma for 12 me this gift. It’s a lesson that the best things in life are the ones you work for with your own hands. 13 you put love and effort into something, you will see it grow. Now, whenever I see a garden, I remember 14 Grandma taught me about hard work and nature. It is a memory that I will carry 15 me forever. 1．A．most peaceful B．the most peaceful C．more peaceful D．the peaceful 2．A．you B．yourself C．yours D．your 3．A．Listen B．To listen C．Listening D．Listens 4．A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．A．can B．may C．must D．would 6．A．tough B．tougher C．toughest D．the toughest 7．A．stand B．stands C．was standing D．am standing 8．A．sudden B．suddenly C．more sudden D．most suddenly 9．A．are eaten B．were eaten C．ate D．eats 10．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 11．A．and B．so C．or D．but 12．A．give B．gives C．giving D．gave 13．A．If B．Unless C．Although D．Before 14．A．where B．what C．which D．when 15．A．in B．on C．with D．for 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者在奶奶的花园里学习种植蔬菜的经历，通过这次劳动，作者明白了付出努力的意义，懂得了生活中最珍贵的事物需要用自己的双手去创造。 【详解】1．句意：我奶奶的花园是我知道的最宁静的地方。 根据空后“I know”可知此处表示在已知范围内的最高程度，应使用形容词最高级，且形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，应选用the most peaceful。若用most peaceful则缺少定冠词“the”，不符合最高级语法规则。 2．句意：你想种你自己的蔬菜吗？ 根据空后“own vegetables”可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语，表示所属关系，应选用your。若用yourself是反身代词，不能修饰名词，不符合语法要求。 3．句意：仔细听，我的孩子。 根据句子结构可知本句为祈使句，祈使句应以动词原形开头，应选用Listen。To listen是动词不定式，不能用于祈使句开头，不符合句式要求。 4．句意：在花园里有一些简单的规则要遵守。 根据there be句型的主谓一致规则，be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，空后“a few simple rules”是可数名词复数，且本句为一般现在时，应选用are。若用is，则与复数名词rules不匹配，不符合主谓一致规则。 5．句意：土壤必须足够疏松，让根能够呼吸，否则植物长不好。 根据语境可知此处强调土壤疏松是植物生长的必要条件，表示“必须”，应选用must。can“能够”，不符合此处强调必要性的语境。 6．句意：准备土壤的工作比我想象的要艰难得多。 根据空后“than”可知，此处需要使用形容词比较级，表示两者之间的比较，应选用tougher。toughest是最高级，用于三者及以上的比较，不符合此处语境。 7．句意：我正站在那里，感觉很累，这时奶奶把手放在了我的肩膀上。 根据语境可知此处表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应使用过去进行时，主语是I，对应的be动词用was，应选用was standing。stand是一般现在时，不符合过去的时间语境。 8．句意：两周后，小小的绿芽突然冒出来了！ 根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词修饰动词appeared，表示动作发生的状态，应选用suddenly。sudden是形容词，不能修饰动词，不符合语法要求。 9．句意：有一天，我注意到一些叶子被虫子吃掉了。 根据空后“by insects”可知本句为被动语态，表示叶子被虫子吃掉，且动作发生在过去，主语leaves是复数，应选用were eaten。ate是主动语态，不符合此处被动的逻辑关系。 10．句意：奶奶指着一小杯肥皂水。 根据空后“small cup”可知，small以辅音音素开头，表示泛指“一个”用不定冠词a，应选用a。the是定冠词，此处是第一次提到这杯肥皂水，不需要特指，不符合语境。 11．句意：我意识到真正的回报不只是食物，还有随之而来的汗水和收获。 根据固定搭配not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，用于连接两个并列的成分，应选用but。and表示并列，不符合此处转折对比的逻辑。 12．句意：我很感谢奶奶给了我这份礼物。 根据固定搭配thank sb. for doing sth.表示“感谢某人做某事”，介词for后需要接动名词形式，应选用giving。give是动词原形，不符合介词后接动名词的语法规则。 13．句意：如果你把爱和努力投入到某件事中，你就会看到它成长。 根据句子逻辑可知，前半句是后半句的条件，应使用if引导条件状语从句，应选用If。Unless“除非”，不符合此处的逻辑关系。 14．句意：现在，每当我看到花园，我就会想起奶奶教给我的关于努力和自然的道理。 根据句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作taught的宾语，表示“……的事情/道理”，应选用what。which“哪一个”，不符合此处语境。 15．句意：这是一段我将永远珍藏的回忆。 根据固定搭配carry with sb.表示“某人随身携带、珍藏”，应选用with。in“在……里面”，不符合该固定搭配的用法。 二．语法填空 （1） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 （2026·河北沧州·三模）Our lives are a story that goes on forever. Our time here is only a part of it. I was reminded of this recently when I saw a quote in a book: “Death is not a period, only a comma.” This made me think about how we view life and 1 (die). In many cultures, death is seen as an end. But in others, it is just a pause 2 the journey continues. For example, some believe that life goes on in another form or place. These 3 (believe) can help people feel less afraid and more hopeful. When I was a child, my grandmother 4 (tell) me stories about our ancestors. She said they were still watching over us, like stars in the sky. This idea always comforted me. It made me feel that I was never 5 (true) alone. Now, as a teenager, I still find 6 (I) thinking about these things. Sometimes life feels short and uncertain. But remembering that there is more beyond what we see can give us 7 (much) courage to live fully. I think it’s important to talk about death openly. It helps us understand life 8 (good) and appreciate every moment. We shouldn’t be afraid to share our feelings or ask questions. After all, death is a part of life, and understanding it can help us live 9 (wise). What about you? How 10 your culture view death? What do you believe? I encourage you to talk with your family or friends about it. You might be 11 (surprise) by what you learn. Let’s remember: life is a long story, and every comma is just a chance to take 12 breath before continuing. So let’s make 13 most of our time here, and write a story 14 is full of love, hope, and meaning. That is the best way to honor 15 (we) lives and the lives of those who came before us. 【答案】1．death 2．before 3．beliefs 4．told 5．truly 6．myself 7．more 8．better 9．wisely 10．does 11．surprised 12．a 13．the 14．that/which 15．our 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对“死亡”的看法。作者认为，谈论死亡可以帮助我们更好地理解生活，珍惜每一刻，鼓励我们充分利用时间，去书写一个充满爱、希望与意义的故事。 【详解】1．句意：这让我思考我们该如何看待生命与死亡。 空处与名词“life”并列，需用die的名词形式death，表示“死亡”。 2．句意：但在另一些文化里，它只是旅程继续前的一次暂停。此处需要填入连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“死亡在旅程继续之前的一次暂停”，用连词before符合逻辑。 3．句意：这些‌信念‌能帮助人们少一些恐惧，多一些希望。these后接可数名词复数，believe是动词，变为名词复数beliefs。 4．句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的祖母‌给我讲过‌关于我们祖先的故事。句中“When I was a child”是明确的过去时间状语，说明动作发生在过去，用动词tell的过去式told。 5．句意：这让我觉得自己从来都不是‌真正‌孤单的。空处修饰形容词alone，需用true的副词形式truly。 6．句意：现在，作为一名青少年，我仍然发现‌自己‌会想起这些事情。find oneself doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“发现自己正在做某事”，主语是I，对应的反身代词为myself，用来指代主语自身。 7．句意：但要记住，我们所见之外还有更广阔的世界，这能赋予我们‌更多‌勇气，去充实地生活。隐含比较含义，指比没有认知时给予更多勇气，用much的比较级more。 8．句意：它能帮我们‌更好地‌理解生命，珍惜每一个瞬间。句中暗含“公开谈论死亡后，相比之前能更透彻理解生命”的比较逻辑，需用good的比较级better，修饰动词understand。 9．句意：毕竟，死亡是生命的一部分，理解它能帮助我们‌明智地‌生活。此处需要用副词修饰动词live，形容词wise的副词形式为wisely。 10．句意：你的文化是如何看待死亡的？这是一个由how引导的特殊疑问句，空处缺少助动词，主语“your culture”是第三人称单数，助动词用does。 11．句意：你可能会对自己了解到的内容感到惊讶。此处修饰人，表示“感到惊讶的”，用-ed结尾的形容词surprised。 12．句意：让我们记住：人生是一段漫长的故事，每一个逗号都只是你在继续前行前喘口气的机会。take a breath是固定搭配，意为“喘口气”，故填不定冠词a。 13．句意：所以让我们充分利用在这里的时光，书写一个充满爱、希望与意义的故事。make the most of是固定搭配，意为“充分利用”，形容词最高级most前加定冠词the。 14．句意：所以让我们充分利用在这里的时光，书写一个充满爱、希望与意义的故事。这是一个定语从句，先行词是story（指物），从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词that或者which。 15．句意：这是致敬我们的生命，以及那些先于我们离去的先辈生命的最佳方式。空处修饰名词lives，用we的形容词性物主代词our。 （2） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 （2026·河北唐山·模拟预测）I have a happy family. But I don’t think I am a(n) 1 (luck) girl. I often feel sad about small things, like the boring housework. My little sister always argues with me because of 2 (toy). One afternoon, my neighbor Mrs. Brown 3 (invite) me to her house. She showed me a short video 4 her phone while we were talking. It was the 5 (one) time I had realized how warm our home looked from the outside. In the video, my mom was cleaning the table, my little sister 6 (run) around the garden, and I was helping my dad water the flowers. I smiled 7 my little sister handed me a small flower. I couldn’t believe what I saw. “I like to record the little moments like this, Sara,” Mrs. Brown said. “They help me remember that 8 life isn’t always easy, there are many happy moments.” I had 9 (complete) forgotten that day. In my mind, it was just 10 common busy day. But now I see 11 (me) laughing so happily with my family. Now I understand—the housework 12 (help) me become more independent. The noisy home 13 (fill) with love. Even arguments teach me to understand others much 14 (well). I have learned an important lesson—happiness hides in small things. From that day on, I decided 15 (value) every beautiful moment in my mind. I will keep the lesson in my life. 【答案】1．lucky 2．toys 3．invited 4．on 5．first 6．was running 7．when 8．although/though 9．completely 10．a 11．myself 12．helps 13．is filled 14．better 15．to value 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了女孩原本总因小事低落，邻居布朗太太用一段家庭视频让她发现生活藏着许多幸福瞬间，明白了幸福藏在细碎小事中，要珍惜每一刻美好。 【详解】1．句意：但我认为我不是一个幸运的女孩。空格处修饰名词girl，需用形容词，名词luck的形容词形式为lucky。 2．句意：我的妹妹总因为玩具和我吵架。toy是可数名词，此处表泛指各类玩具，需用复数形式toys。 3．句意：一天下午，我的邻居布朗太太邀请我去她家。句中“One afternoon”为过去时间，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词invite需用过去式形式invited。 4．句意：我们聊天时，她在手机上给我看了一段短视频。固定搭配on one’s phone，表示“在某人手机上”，此处需用介词on。 5．句意：这是我第一次从外面意识到我们家看起来多么温馨。固定搭配the first time，表示“第一次”，one为基数词，此处需变为序数词first。 6．句意：视频里，我的妈妈在擦桌子，我的妹妹在花园里跑来跑去，我在帮我的爸爸浇花。前后分句均为过去进行时，主语“my little sister”是单数，be动词用was，run的现在分词为running，应填was running。 7．句意：当我的妹妹递给我一朵小花时，我笑了。此处引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，需用连词when。 8．句意：它们让我记住虽然生活不总是一帆风顺，但仍有很多幸福时刻。前后存在让步逻辑，意为“虽然、尽管”，although和though均有“虽然、尽管”之意，引导让步状语从句，应填although/though。 9．句意：我已经彻底忘记那一天了。空格处修饰动词forgotten，需用副词，形容词complete的副词形式为completely。 10．句意：在我心里，那只是普通又忙碌的一天。day是可数名词单数，common以辅音音素开头，此处需用不定冠词a，表示泛指。 11．句意：但现在我看见自己和家人笑得那么开心。主语和宾语是同一个人，需用人称代词me的反身代词myself，表示“我自己”。 12．句意：如今我明白了——家务帮我变得更加独立。主语“the housework”为不可数名词，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数helps。 13．句意：吵闹的家里充满了爱。固定搭配be filled with表示“充满……”，主语“the noisy home”是单数，句子时态为一般现在时，应填is filled。 14．句意：哪怕争吵也教会我更好地理解他人。much后接形容词/副词比较级，well的比较级为better。 15．句意：从那天起，我决定铭记心中每一个美好的瞬间。固定搭配decide to do sth.，意为“决定做某事”，此处需用动词不定式形式to value。 三．选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词或词组限用一次。 （2026·四川凉山·中考真题） fast,   weak,   want,   result,   ones,   politely,   with,   depend   on,   create,   if With the development of technology, our life is a lot easier and more convenient than before. Some can write stories, make music and even create art independently. But if we 1 technology too much, we may not live a normal life. For example, some people aren’t able to write well 2 pens. Others even find it hard to read words on books. One of the biggest problems is that we will become 3 in communication. When going outside, we may often use the maps on our phones. As long as we put the address on the app, we can get some 4 easily after pressing “Search”. But what can we do 5 we leave our phones at home or our phones run out of power? We need to ask strangers about the directions. How can we start the conversation? We should make requests 6 instead of asking them the direct questions, but we may forget how to use them in real life. Another problem is that our true feelings or special styles will disappear in pictures. Many of us are getting used to 7 pictures with AI. AI can draw pretty pictures by looking at lots of real 8 . But it often fails to show how we truly feel and what personal style we really 9 . Instead, human painters can only use a brush to show their thoughts and feelings at that moment. Technology is great at many things. Although it comes to many tasks, it can’t replace humans. Technology will develop much 10 and make our life more convenient if we use them properly. 【答案】1．depend on 2．with 3．weak 4．results 5．if 6．politely 7．creating 8．ones 9．want 10．faster 【导语】本文讨论过度依赖科技可能带来的沟通能力下降、情感表达缺失等问题，并提出正确使用科技的建议。 【详解】1．句意：但如果我们过度依赖科技，我们可能无法过上正常的生活。空处在if引导的条件状语从句中作谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语是we，空处谓语动词用原形；结合下文“we may not live a normal life”可知，过度“依赖”科技会带来问题，depend on意为“依赖、依靠”，符合语境。 2．句意：例如，有些人无法用笔写好字。空处构成短语“write with pens”，意为“用笔写字”，with表示使用某种工具，符合语境。 3．句意：最大的问题之一是我们会在沟通方面变得薄弱。空处位于become之后作表语，需填形容词；结合下文人们依赖手机地图、忘记如何向陌生人问路可知，沟通能力会变得“薄弱”，weak符合语境。 4．句意：只要我们在应用程序上输入地址，按“搜索”后就能轻松得到一些结果。空处作宾语，需填名词，由some可知，应用名词复数；结合“Search”可知，搜索后得到的是“结果”，result意为“结果”，复数形式results符合语境。 5．句意：但如果我们把手机忘在家里或手机没电了，我们该怎么办？结合上下文假设手机不在身边的情景，空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，if符合语境。 6．句意：我们应该礼貌地提出请求，而不是直接问他们问题，但我们可能会忘记如何在现实生活中使用它们。空处修饰动词短语make requests，需填副词；结合“instead of asking direct questions”可知，问路时应“礼貌地”请求，politely意为“礼貌地”，符合语境。 7．句意：我们中的许多人已经习惯用AI创作图片。空处构成固定短语“get used to doing sth.”，意为“习惯做某事”，故空处应用动名词；结合上文“our true feelings or special styles will disappear in pictures”以及下文“AI can draw pretty pictures by looking at lots of real ones”可知，许多人已经“习惯”用AI来创作图片，create意为“创作”，其动名词creating符合语境。 8．句意：AI通过观看大量真实的图片来绘制漂亮的图画。结合“looking at lots of real...”可知，AI学习的是“真实的”图片，空处作宾语，指代前文的“pictures”，需用代词ones避免重复。 9．句意：但它常常无法展示我们真实的感受和我们真正想要的个人风格。空处作谓语，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语we为复数，谓语动词用原形；结合上文“our true feelings or special styles will disappear in pictures”以及“AI can draw pretty pictures... But it often fails to show”可知，AI无法体现个人“想要”的风格偏好，want意为“想要”，符合语境。 10．句意：如果我们正确使用科技，科技会发展得更快，让我们的生活更加便利。空处修饰动词develop，需填副词；结合后文“make our life more convenient”以及对比关系可知，科技会“更快地”发展，fast的比较级faster符合语境。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Information and Media 核心语法精练 （被动语态） 目录 知识回顾 1 考点夯基 3 一．根据句意，请用括号内的词的合适形式填空。 3 二．句型转换（改为被动语态） 4 综合提升 5 一．语法选择 5 二．语法填空 10 三．选词填空 13 一、被动语态的构成 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。以下是各种时态的主动语态和被动语态对照表： 时态 构成 例句 一般现在时 主动：do/does 被动：am/is/are + done 主动：They don’t use the computer. 被动：The computer is not used by them. 一般过去时 主动：did 被动：was/were + done 主动：He wrote many stories last year. 被动：Many stories were written by him last year. 一般将来时 主动：shall/will do 被动：shall/will be + done 主动：We will read a poem tomorrow. 被动：A poem will be read by us tomorrow. 主动：am/is/are going to 被动：am/is/are going to be done 主动：We are going to read a poem tomorrow. 被动：A poem is going to be read by us tomorrow. 现在完成时 主动：has/have done 被动：has/have been done 主动：She has learned some English songs. 被动：Some English songs have been learned by her. 情态动词 主动：can/may/must/should do 被动：can/may/must/should be done 主动：We must obey the school rules. 被动：The school rules must be obeyed. 二、被动语态的用法 1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：The task was finished. 任务已经被完成。 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The homework must be handed in on time. 作业必须按时交上来。 3.说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语态。 常用句型有：It is said that... 据说...；It is reported that ... 据报道...; It is hoped that ... 希望...; It is believed that ... 人们相信... 4.当动作的执行者有较长的修饰语时，需要用被动语态。 例如：The plan was supported by those who lived far away from the factory. 那个计划得到了那些住得离工厂远的人的支持。 3、 被动语态的特殊情形 1.双宾语结构的主动语态变被动语态时，有两种常见转换方式：以间接宾语（人）作被动句的主语，此时直接宾语直接保留在被动句中，无需加介词；以直接宾语（物）作被动句的主语，此时间接宾语前通常需加介词to或for（具体介词由动词决定）。 例如：He gave me a book. = I was given a book by him. = A book was given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。 She bought me a gift. = A gift was bought for me (by her). 她给我买了一份礼物。 2.feel, hear, listen to, have, make, let, look at, watch, see, notice 这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to, 但在变被动语态时必须加to。 例如：I saw her go into the office building. = She was seen to go into the office building (by me). 她被（我）看见走进了那栋办公楼。 3.动词短语变被动语态时，不能去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。这类动词短语有：look after, look at, take care of, pay attention to, laugh at 等。 例如：My mother looks after my family well. = My family is looked after well by my mother. 我的家被我妈妈照顾得很好。 4.有些动词表物体本身的特性，不强调动作，特别是当主语为物时。常见的动词有sell, write, wash 等。 例如：The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写。This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料很容易洗。 5.连系动词如feel, look, smell, taste, sound 没有被动形式。 例如：The fish tastes good. 这鱼尝起来味道不错。 6.不及物动词（短语）happen, take place, break out 没有被动语态。 例如：Great changes have taken place in Shenzhen in the past few years. 过去几年里，深圳发生了巨大的变化。 7.“want/need/require + 动名词” “be worth doing” 用主动形式表被动的含义。 例如：The door is broken, ad it needs repairing. = The door is broken, and it needs to be repaired. 这扇门坏了，需要被修理。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 一．根据句意，请用括号内的词的合适形式填空。 1.Our classroom _______________ (clean) by us every day. 2.His father __________________ (ask) to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. 3.Hundreds of jobs __________________ (lose) if the factory closes. 4.Every day, too much water _______________ (waste) in our school. We should save it. 5.Hurry up! The exam must _________________ (finish) in 100 minutes. 6.So far, the moon ______________________ (visit) by man already. 7.A talk on Chinese history _________________ (give) in the school hall next week. 8.Our room must _______________ (keep) clean. 9.English ________________ (speak) in Canada. 10.Children under 9 ________________ (can/take) to the cinema by their parents on Children’s Day. 11.This English song ______________ (sing) by the girls after class every Thursday. 12.The lost dog ____________________ (not/find) by his owner so far. 13.The gift for his birthday ___________________ (must/buy) today because tomorrow is his birthday. 14.Should the shopping bags _______________ (use) in the supermarket? 15.Teenagers ___________________ (educate) to take care of themselves from now on. 16._______ the boy _________ (hurt) on this road by a car last week? 17.I _________________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I would accept the advice. 18.A new cinema _________________ (build) here. They hope to finish it next year. 19.The old man is badly hurt in the accident. He ______________ (must/send) to the hospital. 20.All the preparations for the trip ______________________ (complete), and we are ready to start. 21.The 2026 World Cup ________ (hold) in the United States, Canada and Mexico. 22.So far, more than 200 community service stations ________ (set up) in our city. 23.The hand-made toys ________ (sell) well in the local market because of their unique design. 24.Students ________ (encourage) to take part in after-school sports activities every term. 25.This old building ________ (not repair) yet, but the repair plan has been approved. 26.The international conference ________ (attend) by experts from over 40 countries next month. 27.The missing cat ________ (find) by a kind neighbor yesterday morning. 28.Mobile phones ________ (must not use) in the examination room during the exam. 29.The research paper ________ (write) by the team for two months and it will be finished soon. 30.These valuable cultural relics ________ (protect) by the government since they were discovered. 二．句型转换（改为被动语态） 31.People have planted thousands of trees in the mountain area.（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 32.Can we solve this math problem with the help of a calculator?（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 33.When will the school organize the spring outing?（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.The teacher told us to finish the homework before Friday.（改为被动语态） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.My father bought me a new computer as a birthday gift.（改为被动语态，物作主语） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 一．语法选择 （1） （2026·广东广州·二模）Beth and Dan would never forget the day their new teacher walked in—Mr. Arty, a robot. Mr. Arty 1 solve every maths problem perfectly. 2 soon they found that Mr. Arty had no feelings at all. Yes, he was just a machine. One morning, when Beth finished 3 a wonderful English article, she showed it to Mr. Arty 4 . “This article contains 320 words, and there 5 still some mistakes,” Mr. Arty commented coldly. He didn’t say 6 nice at all. Later Dan was nervous before giving a speech in history class. “Your heart rate is 115 beats per minute,” Mr. Arty added. He never asked 7 Dan felt okay. All students felt sad about Mr. Arty’s coldness. They wanted to change it. “Let’s help him become a real teacher,” Beth said. And they searched for ways to improve the robot. Finally they decided 8 new instructions into Mr. Arty’s system and trained the robot with 9 students. The next day, Beth raised her hand. “Mr. Arty, could you say ‘good try’ when we make mistakes?” Mr. Arty accepted it and the request 10 into the computer system. The next class, Dan purposely gave a wrong answer. To 11 surprise, Mr. Arty said, “Good try, Dan.” Dan tried again and got it right. Mr. Arty’s screen showed 12 smiling face. And for a moment, Mr. Arty seemed more 13 a human. Day by day, thanks to the instructions his students had given him, Mr. Arty could keep encouraging students to try 14 they made it. Mr. Arty is still a robot, but he is much 15 than before. His students help build his “heart”—the kindness in his program. 1．A．could B．should C．must D．might 2．A．And B．So C．Or D．But 3．A．write B．to write C．written D．writing 4．A．excited B．exciting C．excitedly D．excitement 5．A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 7．A．when B．what C．whether D．why 8．A．add B．to add C．adding D．to adding 9．A．another B．other C．others D．the others 10．A．enter B．entered C．is entered D．was entered 11．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 12．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．A．of B．for C．like D．with 14．A．until B．once C．because D．if 15．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest （2） （2026·广东广州·二模）My grandma’s garden is 1 place I know. Last spring, she said to me, “Would you like to grow 2 own vegetables?” I agreed without hesitation. “ 3 carefully, my boy,” Grandma began. “There 4 a few simple rules to follow in a garden.” The first lesson was about the soil. “Remember,” she said, “The soil 5 be loose enough for the roots to breathe, or the plants won’t grow well.” The work of preparing it was much 6 than I had imagined. After a while, my arms ached. I 7 there, feeling tired, when Grandma placed her hand on my shoulder. “Patience,” she said. We planted seeds. Every day, I took care of the garden. Two weeks later, tiny green shoots appeared 8 ! I was so excited that I jumped up. Grandma smiled but warned, “Our job isn’t done. We must remove the weeds.” One day, I noticed that some leaves 9 by insects. I was worried. “What can I do?” I asked. Grandma pointed to 10 small cup of soapy water. “Use this,” she said calmly. Months later, we picked our first red tomato! That night, the salad we made tasted better than anything from a store. I realized the real reward wasn’t just the food 11 the sweat and learning that came with it. I’m thankful to Grandma for 12 me this gift. It’s a lesson that the best things in life are the ones you work for with your own hands. 13 you put love and effort into something, you will see it grow. Now, whenever I see a garden, I remember 14 Grandma taught me about hard work and nature. It is a memory that I will carry 15 me forever. 1．A．most peaceful B．the most peaceful C．more peaceful D．the peaceful 2．A．you B．yourself C．yours D．your 3．A．Listen B．To listen C．Listening D．Listens 4．A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．A．can B．may C．must D．would 6．A．tough B．tougher C．toughest D．the toughest 7．A．stand B．stands C．was standing D．am standing 8．A．sudden B．suddenly C．more sudden D．most suddenly 9．A．are eaten B．were eaten C．ate D．eats 10．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 11．A．and B．so C．or D．but 12．A．give B．gives C．giving D．gave 13．A．If B．Unless C．Although D．Before 14．A．where B．what C．which D．when 15．A．in B．on C．with D．for 二．语法填空 （1） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 （2026·河北沧州·三模）Our lives are a story that goes on forever. Our time here is only a part of it. I was reminded of this recently when I saw a quote in a book: “Death is not a period, only a comma.” This made me think about how we view life and 1 (die). In many cultures, death is seen as an end. But in others, it is just a pause 2 the journey continues. For example, some believe that life goes on in another form or place. These 3 (believe) can help people feel less afraid and more hopeful. When I was a child, my grandmother 4 (tell) me stories about our ancestors. She said they were still watching over us, like stars in the sky. This idea always comforted me. It made me feel that I was never 5 (true) alone. Now, as a teenager, I still find 6 (I) thinking about these things. Sometimes life feels short and uncertain. But remembering that there is more beyond what we see can give us 7 (much) courage to live fully. I think it’s important to talk about death openly. It helps us understand life 8 (good) and appreciate every moment. We shouldn’t be afraid to share our feelings or ask questions. After all, death is a part of life, and understanding it can help us live 9 (wise). What about you? How 10 your culture view death? What do you believe? I encourage you to talk with your family or friends about it. You might be 11 (surprise) by what you learn. Let’s remember: life is a long story, and every comma is just a chance to take 12 breath before continuing. So let’s make 13 most of our time here, and write a story 14 is full of love, hope, and meaning. That is the best way to honor 15 (we) lives and the lives of those who came before us. （2） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 （2026·河北唐山·模拟预测）I have a happy family. But I don’t think I am a(n) 1 (luck) girl. I often feel sad about small things, like the boring housework. My little sister always argues with me because of 2 (toy). One afternoon, my neighbor Mrs. Brown 3 (invite) me to her house. She showed me a short video 4 her phone while we were talking. It was the 5 (one) time I had realized how warm our home looked from the outside. In the video, my mom was cleaning the table, my little sister 6 (run) around the garden, and I was helping my dad water the flowers. I smiled 7 my little sister handed me a small flower. I couldn’t believe what I saw. “I like to record the little moments like this, Sara,” Mrs. Brown said. “They help me remember that 8 life isn’t always easy, there are many happy moments.” I had 9 (complete) forgotten that day. In my mind, it was just 10 common busy day. But now I see 11 (me) laughing so happily with my family. Now I understand—the housework 12 (help) me become more independent. The noisy home 13 (fill) with love. Even arguments teach me to understand others much 14 (well). I have learned an important lesson—happiness hides in small things. From that day on, I decided 15 (value) every beautiful moment in my mind. I will keep the lesson in my life. 三．选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词或词组限用一次。 （2026·四川凉山·中考真题） fast,   weak,   want,   result,   ones,   politely,   with,   depend   on,   create,   if With the development of technology, our life is a lot easier and more convenient than before. Some can write stories, make music and even create art independently. But if we 1 technology too much, we may not live a normal life. For example, some people aren’t able to write well 2 pens. Others even find it hard to read words on books. One of the biggest problems is that we will become 3 in communication. When going outside, we may often use the maps on our phones. As long as we put the address on the app, we can get some 4 easily after pressing “Search”. But what can we do 5 we leave our phones at home or our phones run out of power? We need to ask strangers about the directions. How can we start the conversation? We should make requests 6 instead of asking them the direct questions, but we may forget how to use them in real life. Another problem is that our true feelings or special styles will disappear in pictures. Many of us are getting used to 7 pictures with AI. AI can draw pretty pictures by looking at lots of real 8 . But it often fails to show how we truly feel and what personal style we really 9 . Instead, human painters can only use a brush to show their thoughts and feelings at that moment. Technology is great at many things. Although it comes to many tasks, it can’t replace humans. Technology will develop much 10 and make our life more convenient if we use them properly. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $