Unit 1 Information and Media 人与社会：信息与媒体（单元阅读精练）英语新教材北师大版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“信息与媒体”为主题，通过时文、真题及模拟阅读构建“现象-影响-应对”的递进式知识逻辑，强化说明文阅读理解能力与跨文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇（微短剧、“Be Chinese”潮流）|说明文阅读理解，考查细节与主旨|聚焦媒体现象（微短剧发展、文化潮流），渗透文化意识| |真题示例|2篇（文化传播、社交媒体影响）|中考真题，含观点辨析与结构分析|从文化传播到社交媒体影响，培养批判性思维| |模拟演练|6篇（新规、IP地址、信息素养等）|多维度说明文，覆盖信息安全与素养|从法规到技术再到素养，构建“现象-问题-解决”逻辑链，提升信息处理能力|

Unit 1 Information and Media 信息与媒体 单元阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 本文介绍了中国微短剧的迅速发展、受到国内外观众欢迎的原因以及未来面临的挑战。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了全球社交媒体上兴起的“Be Chinese”潮流 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲述了Pornpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 要介绍澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的新规定，包括内容、目的、执行方式及各方看法。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍关于IP地址的概念、作用、安全隐患和应用建议。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了网络错误信息的传播现状、成因（包括认知偏见、社交媒体特性和算法影响），并给出了防范错误信息的具体建议。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了信息素养的重要性，以Manganello为例，说明如何教学生批判性地看待网络信息，避免被误导。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了现在越来越多的骗子使用高科技来欺骗人们，并介绍了一些防止被骗的建议。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 讲述了人们的个人信息是如何在网上被获取以及被贩卖的，并介绍了欧盟的一项关于保护互联网用户信息安全的一项法律规定。 It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老 Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知 Early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃 No cross, no crown.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。 Plain dealing is praised more than practiced.正大光明者，说到的多，做到的少。 Passage A（中国微短剧） On the subway, by the bus stop... We often see people watching micro-dramas (微短剧) on apps like Kuaishou and Douyin. These dramas have been on the rise over the past few years. In 2023, micro-dramas made 37.39 billion yuan, equal to 70 percent of the money made by China’s film industry, reported China Daily on Sept 27. Chinese micro-dramas are also going strong around the world. Sensor Tower, a US company, said that over 40 apps for watching the dramas have entered the global market. By early 2024, these apps already had around 55 million downloads. One of them, ReelShort, has been downloaded more times than Netflix on the Apple Store in the US, reported Reuters. International viewers find these micro-dramas exciting to watch, reported Xinhua. The stories are usually fast-paced (快节奏) and have many surprising twists (转折). This keeps people’s attention and makes them fun, Liu Jinlong, head of the app ShortTV, told Xinhua. The short length of the dramas adds to their popularity. Each episode (集) may last from only tens of seconds to two minutes. People can finish a micro-drama in short periods of time, such as on their way to work. Also, most micro-dramas are filmed vertically (竖向地). This allows people to watch them comfortably without having to turn their phone screen. Going forward, micro-dramas could open new doors for China’s cultural exports (输出), noted MIT Technology Review. However, one challenge to be addressed is that many of them have similar themes. The dramas should cover more topics, not just the usual ones like time travel, Li Jiang, head of Dianzhong Tech, a company in Beijing, told China Daily. 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Micro-dramas. B．Apps. C．Phone screens. D．Vertical filming. 2．Which of the following are the reasons for the popularity of micro-dramas? ① Their fast-paced and surprising twists. ② Their short length, making them easy to watch on the go. ③ They are filmed horizontally, allowing for better viewing. ④ They can be watched comfortably without turning the phone screen. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What challenge does the article mention for the future of micro-dramas? A．Lack of funding. B．Limited audience reach. C．Similar themes among many dramas. D．Technical difficulties in production. 4．What suggestion does Li Jiang give for improving micro-dramas? A．To increase their runtime. B．To cover more diverse topics. C．To reduce their production costs. D．To change their filming style. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The development of China’s film industry. B．The popularity of social media apps in China. C．The challenges faced by Chinese cultural exports. D．The rise of micro-dramas in China and their global influence. 长难句解析 原句：The dramas should cover more topics, not just the usual ones like time travel, Li Jiang, head of Dianzhong Tech, a company in Beijing, told China Daily. 译文：北京迪安中科技公司负责人李江向《中国日报》表示，这些剧集应涵盖更多主题，而不仅仅是时间旅行等常见题材。 译文 在地铁站、公交站旁……我们常能看到人们在快手、抖音等应用上观看微剧（微短剧）。这类剧集近年来发展迅速。据《中国日报》9月27日报道，2023年微剧票房收入达373.9亿元，占中国电影产业总票房的70%。 中国微剧在全球范围内也势头强劲。美国公司Sensor Tower数据显示，已有超过40款观剧类应用进入全球市场；截至2024年初，这些应用的下载量已达到约5500万次。据路透社报道，其中一款名为ReelShort的应用在苹果商店中的下载量已超越Netflix。 新华社报道称，国际观众认为这些微剧观看起来十分精彩。ShortTV应用负责人刘金龙向新华社表示，这些剧集通常节奏紧凑（快节奏），且充满出人意料的转折（转折），既能保持观众注意力，又极具观赏性。 这些微剧的短时长进一步提升了其受欢迎程度。每集（集）时长仅数十秒至两分钟，观众可在短时间内（例如通勤途中）轻松看完。此外，大多数微剧采用竖屏拍摄（竖向地），观众无需旋转手机屏幕即可舒适观看。 《麻省理工科技评论》指出，未来微剧有望为中国文化出口（输出）开辟新途径。但需解决的一个挑战是，这些剧集主题往往雷同。北京迪安中科技公司负责人李江向《中国日报》表示，微剧应涵盖更多题材，而不仅限于时间旅行等常见主题。 Passage B（全球社交媒体上兴起的“Be Chinese”潮流） （2026·湖北襄阳·一模）Have you noticed? A new trend (潮流) is sweeping social media all over the world. People from different countries are sharing videos of themselves trying to live like Chinese people. They drink warm water instead of cold, learn to make Chinese porridge, and even practice traditional Chinese exercises like Tai Chi. This trend, called “Be Chinese” online, isn’t about changing one’s nationality (国籍). It’s about embracing a different lifestyle. Many find it healthy and wise. A young lady from America said that drinking warm water helped treat her stomach problems. Another foreigner regards Baduanjin as a way to stay fit. On TikTok, people share their “Chinese life checklists” and encourage others to try. This cultural exchange is mainly led by common people online. Since the topic of “cultural check” appeared on Xiaohongshu, both Chinese and foreigners have shared their differences. This new form of communication is becoming more and more popular. People come together because of the wish for a better and healthier life. As one American netizen (网友) said, “We think being Chinese is cool and healthy.” What makes this trend special is how it shows a new side of China. For a long time, people around the world only knew some symbols like pandas, the Great Wall, or kung fu. Now, through daily life videos, they see a more modern and lively picture: convenient mobile payments, smart home apps, and useful life wisdom. These changes are helping to break people’s old views of China. As Chinese teenagers, we should take pride in this. We don’t force our culture on others. Instead, we share it with an open and understanding attitude. Let’s pass on our cultural treasures, tell good Chinese stories, and let the world see the beauty of China. 1．Which activity is mentioned as part of the “Be Chinese” trend in the passage? A．B．C．D． 2．What does the underlined word “embracing” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Refusing. B．Accepting. C．Comparing. D．Explaining. 3．Why do foreigners want to live like the Chinese, according to the passage? A．Because they are required by social media. B．Because they want to change their nationality. C．Because they want to learn kung fu and see pandas. D．Because they think the Chinese lifestyle is wise and healthy. 4．What can we know about this trend according to the passage? A．It forces Chinese culture on others. B．It takes the place of the old symbols. C．It is the most popular among young foreigners. D．It is spread through people’s daily sharing online. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To compare Chinese and American living habits. B．To introduce popular apps like TikTok and Xiaohongshu. C．To encourage Chinese people to pass on our cultural treasures. D．To explain how to make Chinese porridge and practice Tai Chi. 长难句解析 原句： Since the topic of “cultural check” appeared on Xiaohongshu, both Chinese and foreigners have shared their differences. 自从“文化碰撞”这一话题在小红书上出现以来，中国用户和外国用户都纷纷分享了各自的看法差异。 译文 你是否注意到？一种新趋势（潮流）正在全球社交媒体上迅速蔓延。来自不同国家的人们纷纷分享自己尝试过中国式生活方式的视频：他们喝温水而非冷水，学习制作中式粥，甚至练习太极拳等传统中国健身运动。 这种被称为“在线做中国人”的趋势，并非指改变国籍（国籍），而是关于拥抱一种不同的生活方式。许多人认为这种做法既健康又明智。一位来自美国的年轻女士表示，饮用温水有助于缓解她的胃部问题；另一位外国人则将八段锦视为保持健康的方式。在抖音上，人们分享自己的“中国生活清单”，并鼓励他人尝试。 这种文化交流主要由普通网民在线推动。自“文化互鉴”这一话题在小红书上出现以来，中国网友与外国网友都分享了彼此的文化差异。这种新型交流方式正日益普及。人们因追求更美好、更健康的生活而聚集在一起。正如一位美国网友（网友）所说：“我们认为做中国人既酷又健康。”这一趋势的独特之处在于它展现了中国的新面貌。长期以来，全球民众仅了解熊猫、长城或功夫等象征性形象；如今通过日常生活视频，他们看到了更加现代、生动的中国图景：便捷的移动支付、智能家居应用以及实用的生活智慧。这些变化正帮助打破人们对中国的固有印象。 作为中国青少年，我们应当为此感到自豪。我们不会将自己的文化强加于他人，而是以开放和理解的态度分享它。让我们传承我们的文化瑰宝，讲述精彩的中国故事，让世界领略中国的魅力。 Passage1 （2024·浙江·中考真题）Pompawee is a fan of traditional Chinese culture. She is among thousands of young people in Thailand who have learned Mandarin (普通话). And she has been watching Mandarin in a creative way, making learning more enjoyable. In recent years, more young people in Thailand are trying to learn about China through social media, movies and TV programs, and hanfu is very popular with Pompawee’s students. That’s where she has got her new idea of teaching. She shares with them this latest Chinese fashion (时尚) in class, helping them learn about the culture as well as the language itself. “Mandarin is like a key, helping me to open the door to understand China,” she said. Pompawee developed a love for the Chinese language at the age of 13. When she was in high school, she made an important decision-learning Mandarin at college. Now 35-year-old Pompawee has taught Mandarin for over 10 years. Pompawee visited China for the first time while she was in the university. She found Chinese food so great. Before travelling to China, Pompawee had only heard of a few Chinese dishes, such as hot pot and jiaozi. She was amazed by the kinds, the tastes and the Chinese ways of cooking. “Chinese people are very kind to foreigners. During my first visit to China, my Chinese friends and their families always took good care of me and kept asking whether I was used to the life,” she recalled (回忆). So far, Pompawee has visited several Chinese cities, “China is such a large country,” she said. “My trip to China will never end and I’d like to introduce more to people of my country.” 1．What is Pompawee’s new way to teach Mandarin? A．Giving online lessons. B．Taking part in TV shows. C．Making movies about China. D．Sharing the fashion of hanfu. 2．When did Pompawee become a Mandarin teacher? A．At the age of thirteen. B．Over ten years ago. C．At the age of thirty-five. D．When she was at college 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Pompawee’s first visit to China B．Pompawee’s deep love for Mandarin. C．Pompawee’s favorite Chinese dishes. D．Pompawee’s life in different Chinese cities 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain a better way of teaching Mandarin. B．To show opinions about protecting local language. C．To introduce a foreigner who spreads Chinese culture. D．To list reasons why Chinese fashion is popular in Thailand. Passage2 （2024·贵州·中考真题）Some people are worried about the effect that social media has on the lives of young people. The following text was written by a reporter: He tried to find out whether social media has a positive or negative effect on children. 1. Social media websites are communities where users can share photos and talk to each other online.Theyare very popular—millions of people use social media every day. Although some people think social media is a positive thing, many are worried about the negative effects it can have on young people. 2. James, a 15-year-old student, thinks that social media has many benefits. “I get very nervous when I talk to people in real life—I find it so much easier to express myself when I use social media. Another advantage is that I hardly ever forget anyone’s birthday now because I can look it up online!” Lots of users agree that social media helps young people stay connected to their friends and make new friends from around the world. 3. However, social media also has many problems. Social media may help young people find friends, but it also makes it easier for bullies to hurt them. Some parents believe that social media makes it harder for families to spend time together. They say their children are so crazy about social media that they ignore (忽视) the rest of their family. Many teachers think social media can distract (使某人分心) their students from schoolwork. 4. There is no doubt that social media has some problems, and it is very important to avoid spending too much time online. However, generally speaking, social media can be a positive thing for young people. It is a way for nervous people to make friends and for young people to stay connected. 1．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph I refer to? A．The photos shared online. B．The social media users. C．The social media websites. 2．What does James think of social media? A．It makes him ignore his family. B．It distracts him from schoolwork. C．It helps him express himself better. 3．Which is the correct structure of this text? (P1=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Why Is Social Media So Popular? B．Is Social Media Really a Problem? C．What Is the Future of Social Media? Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·广东惠州·期末）In December 2025, Australia made a new law. Young people under 16 can’t have their own social media accounts (账号) any more. Apps such as TikTok, YouTube, Snapchat and others must check users’ ages now. And they need to take away the accounts of those under 16. Companies (公司) shouldn’t break this rule, or they may have to pay a lot of money. Many parents, teachers and child-safety experts have been worried about the effects of social media on young people. Some Internet risks like cyberbullying, wrong information and long screen time. The government hopes the rule will protect young people’s health and encourage real-world activities. Under the rule, social media companies must use technology like age-checking videos and ID checks to guess a user’s age. If someone seems under 16, their account will be closed. The way isn’t perfect, and some young people may still find ways around it, but it tries its best to decrease the number of users under 16. ______ Some families welcome the change because it makes the internet a safer place. Others are afraid that it may cut off young people from friends and support groups online. Tech companies also say age checks are hard to carry out and may encourage children to move to smaller or riskier apps. Australia will watch how the rule works and see how much it helps young people. Other countries are watching closely, thinking about starting similar laws too. This Australian new plan may influence how the world protects children online in the future. 1．What must social media companies do if they find users under 16 in Australia? A．Warn their parents. B．Close their accounts. C．Limit their time online. D．Send them warnings. 2．Why did Australia make the new law? A．To help social media companies make more money. B．To let young people spend more time online. C．To protect young people’s health and encourage real-world activities. D．To make young people move to smaller and riskier apps. 3．What does the underlined word “decrease” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Reduce. B．Drive. C．Create. D．Find. 4．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 4? A．Social media companies support the rule. B．Young people all agree with the government’s decision. C．Every person likes the new law. D．Different people have different opinions. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How children in Australia use social media. B．A new Australian rule on social media for under 16s. C．The history of social media in Australia. D．Different social media apps popular among children. Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·重庆·期末）①If you share a photo on Weibo, others will know you are in Chongqing. Chinese social media platforms now show their users’ locations. All this information is based on our IP addresses. So, what exactly is an IP address? Can others exactly locate us through our IP addresses? ②You may compare your IP address to your home address. Your friends can find your home with your home address. Similarly, with your IP address, other devices (设备) can “find” your device. Without your IP address, Bilibili wouldn’t know where to send that cute cat video you just clicked (点击) on. But your IP address doesn’t directly give away your name, phone number or home address. It only shows your general location. ③ ▲ Everything you do online is being watched, whether by social media platforms or your browser (浏览器). This data is often linked to your IP address. It is stored on servers (服务器) across the world. But some bad guys can know your online activities just by having your IP address even if you use a password to lock your device. ④Cybercriminals (网络罪犯) can steal your information by hacking into certain servers. Companies’ servers get hacked every day, so the chance of this happening is never zero. ⑤Skilled hackers can also reach your device if they know your IP address. This is especially true if you are connected to public Wi-Fi networks. The hackers can then install malware (恶意软件) on your devices. These malware can steal your information without you knowing about it. ⑥If you are worried about what will happen if someone gets your IP address, you may consider changing your online habits. For example, do not share any personal information on social media. Regularly (定期地) changing your IP address can also make it harder for anyone to steal your information. You can do so by turning off your router (路由器) for a minute and turning it on again. 1．Why does the writer mention sharing a photo on Weibo in Paragraph 1? A．To explain how to use Weibo. B．To show the popularity of Weibo. C．To warn readers not to share photos online. D．To lead into the topic of IP addresses. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．IP addresses can show your exact home address. B．IP addresses help devices communicate with each other. C．People can get your phone number directly with your IP address. D．A stranger can know your name quickly from your IP address. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．And it’s easy to hide your IP address. B．But this can make your life happier. C．However, plenty of risks are still there. D．So people like sharing their daily life online. 4．According to the last paragraph, what can we do to protect our IP addresses? ① Use a password to lock the device. ② Turn off the router for a minute and then restart it. ③ Share less personal information on social media. ④ Change the IP address once a week. A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ Passage 3 （2026·江苏淮安·一模）Whether it’s about politics, health or society, the online world is full of misinformation (错误信息), and it can have a serious influence on how people see the world. The problem has become worse with new AI tools easily creating lifelike images, videos and text that can be used to share fake (假的) information. And there are plenty of smart people who fall for fake news — so what exactly is going on? One of the reasons is “confirmation bias (确认偏见)”, which refers to how we usually believe things that confirm a belief we already have. Similar to this is a “familiarity bias (熟悉偏见)”, which is how we are also more likely to believe something if we see or hear it a lot. There is also “availability bias (可得性偏见)” — we tend to believe things that are easy to remember. A lot of misinformation is sensational (耸人听闻的) and shocking, so our brains remember it more easily. The way social media works has made it perfect for spreading misinformation too. Research has found that posts (帖子) that cause a lot of strong negative (负面的) feelings, like fear or anger, get much more attention than neutral (中立的) or positive posts. Algorithms (算法) reward people’s likes, comments and shares. So getting a lot of likes, comments and shares will often mean a post gets shown to more people — whether or not it has true information. This can mean misinformation gets spread and repeated very quickly. This also means that even if you comment on a post to challenge or fact-check it, you may end up helping bring the misinformation to more people. So what can you do to protect yourself and your community from misinformation? Take time to check if the information is true before you share it, especially if it seems really shocking. Ask yourself if the person or organization that posted it has any biases or if they are really an expert on the topic. Then look for the same facts on other trusted websites. And if you still have doubts—don’t like, comment or share! 1．What does the underlined part “fall for” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Understand. B．Forget. C．Discover. D．Believe. 2．How does the writer show what kind of posts get more attention in Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By telling a story. D．By asking questions. 3．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Shocking news is always worth sharing. B．Algorithms help spread true information. C．We should check a post before sharing it. D．We should comment to correct fake news. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．AI and Social Media Problems B．Why People Believe Fake News C．How to Check Information Online D．How AI Creates Fake News Online Passage 4 （2026·河南周口·模拟预测）The library at South Brunswick High School has more than just rows of books. Students can also see a collection of helpful guides on how to use the Internet wisely. Many posters with “Smart Social Networking” tips are on the walls. They were made by Lisa Manganello. The librarian has been teaching information literacy (信息素养) for nearly 20 years. Her goal is clear: to equip (使有能力) teens with the skills to safely explore the big but often confusing world of the Internet. These days, many kids get their news from the Internet. That’s not necessarily a problem. But there is also a lot of misinformation. Such information can confuse children. Worryingly, two-thirds of high school students in a U.S. survey couldn’t tell the difference between a news article and an ad. “No matter what you read online, look at it critically (批判性地),” Manganello often tells her students. “You can have an opinion on either side. But you must be able to support it with a fact-based article.” In her class, Manganello and her students discuss the pictures that come with news stories: Are they neutral (中立的) or not? Students also learn to compare different news stories on the same topic to see which ones are close to facts. Olga Polites is a retired English teacher. She believes it’s important to teach kids to be critical of what they see online. “When cars were first invented, we could hardly see discussions about car safety. Seat belts weren’t required,” she said, “Phones are like cars. We need to teach young people how to be smarter consumers (消费者) of information.” 1．Who is Lisa Manganello? A．An English teacher at South Brunswick High School. B．A reporter from South Brunswick High School magazine. C．A student at South Brunswick High School. D．A librarian at South Brunswick High School. 2．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Manganello has been teaching information literacy at her school for 12 years. B．News online is wrong and it’s a problem for kids to get news from the Internet. C．Manganello tells her students to read things online with a critical eye. D．Olga Polites created a collection of helpful guides on how to use the Internet. 3．Polites compared ________ to cars. In her opinion, ________ is/are like the seat belts in the cars. A．phones; information literacy B．phones; teachers C．Internet; information literacy D．Internet; teachers 4．What does “information literacy” mean? A．You can use social media apps. B．You can voice opinions on information. C．You can read and understand information. D．You can find, judge and use information wisely. 5．Why did the writer write this article? A．To ask people to focus on Internet safety and make some changes. B．To introduce the idea of information literacy in the information age. C．To tell us the importance of information literacy and the need to teach it in schools. D．To tell us Manganello’s hard work to teach information literacy skills to her students. Passage 5 （2024·湖北武汉·二模）A worker in Hong Kong received a video call from, what appeared to be, coworkers and his company’s CFO. Everyone looked and sounded real, but it turned out everyone on the call was a deepfake (深度伪造). The employee was scammed (诓骗) into paying out over $25 million to unknown cheaters.     At first, the worker worried that this was a scam, but after the video call, he believed it and sent the money. In the multi-person video meeting, it turned out that everyone he saw was fake. The worker recognized several people on the call, who all looked and sounded like his coworkers. He only found out it was a scam when he checked in with the head office later that week. The meeting’s participants were digitally recreated.      Recently, there haye been more scammers using hi-tech to scam people, For example, they use AI to create very realistic videos or audio recordings, of people saying or doing things they never actually said or did.       ★ According to the experts, be careful about what information you share online, as scammers can use videos and images posted on social media to, create deepfakes. During a video call, have the other party wave their hands in front of their faces, or get them to press their noses or cheeks. This will help you tell if they, are real people or deepfakes. Not sure about the people calling, ask them questions that only the real person would be able to answer. 1．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．why the worker believed the cheaters B．how the worker found out the truth C．who attended the video meeting D．what kind of the video call it was 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Is everything about online not true? B．Try our best to keep our money safe. C．Keep away from strangers’ calls and requests. D．But how can we avoid being tricked by such scams? 3．Which are the experts’ suggestions? ①Call the police.     ②Ask ones to wave hands before faces. ③Ask ones to press the noses.     ④Use AI less.     ⑤Ask special questions. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤ 4．The underlined word “party” refers to ________. A．the people on the other end B．a family get-together C．a group of people in argument D．a political organization 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Nothing Is Impossible. B．AI Will Tell You More. C．Seeing Is Not Believing. D．Be Careful While Calling. Passage 6 （2024·广东珠海·一模）Did you know that when you surf the web, websites in some countries put secret software (软件) on your computer? The software collects information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be assembled from social media. There are many ways your information can be used. First, companies collect your information and record all your online habits. They find out where you live and what you do online. With the information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess how old you are and what your interests are. Your personal information could also be sold. When someone sells your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Your personal information can also be collected through social media. Even if you don’t use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. If someone knows too much about you, he might steal your personal information. Then he can buy things online and post messages while pretending (假装) to be you. ▲ The law is finally changed when it comes to technology. In the European Union, for example, according to a rule, Internet users can now ask companies to show them what information they have about them and even make them delete it. If other countries do the same, the Internet could soon be a much safer place. 1．What does the underline word “assembled” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Compared. B．Changed. C．Collected. D．Provided. 2．What will the companies know by collecting your information? ①age and hobbies    ②online activities    ③addresses    ④risks A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Some Internet companies can make little money by selling personal information. B．Some Internet companies can’t get any information from a video with our name. C．Our personal information can’t be collected if we don’t use social media. D．If all the countries make laws about personal information, the Internet could soon be a safer place. 4．What can be put in ________ the in the last paragraph? A．However, it’s not all bad news. B．Anyway, every coin has two sides. C．Actually, different people have different opinions. D．In fact, people believe things are changing for the worse. 5．What is the writer’s purpose according to the passage? A．To let people know how their personal information is sold on the Internet. B．To ask people to pay attention to the safety of their personal information online. C．To let people not worry too much about the safety of their personal information online. D．To ask people to keep away from social media to protect their personal information. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Information and Media 信息与媒体 单元阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 本文介绍了中国微短剧的迅速发展、受到国内外观众欢迎的原因以及未来面临的挑战。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了全球社交媒体上兴起的“Be Chinese”潮流 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲述了Pornpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 要介绍澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的新规定，包括内容、目的、执行方式及各方看法。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍关于IP地址的概念、作用、安全隐患和应用建议。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了网络错误信息的传播现状、成因（包括认知偏见、社交媒体特性和算法影响），并给出了防范错误信息的具体建议。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了信息素养的重要性，以Manganello为例，说明如何教学生批判性地看待网络信息，避免被误导。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了现在越来越多的骗子使用高科技来欺骗人们，并介绍了一些防止被骗的建议。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 讲述了人们的个人信息是如何在网上被获取以及被贩卖的，并介绍了欧盟的一项关于保护互联网用户信息安全的一项法律规定。 It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老 Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知 Early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃 No cross, no crown.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。 Plain dealing is praised more than practiced.正大光明者，说到的多，做到的少。 Passage A（中国微短剧） On the subway, by the bus stop... We often see people watching micro-dramas (微短剧) on apps like Kuaishou and Douyin. These dramas have been on the rise over the past few years. In 2023, micro-dramas made 37.39 billion yuan, equal to 70 percent of the money made by China’s film industry, reported China Daily on Sept 27. Chinese micro-dramas are also going strong around the world. Sensor Tower, a US company, said that over 40 apps for watching the dramas have entered the global market. By early 2024, these apps already had around 55 million downloads. One of them, ReelShort, has been downloaded more times than Netflix on the Apple Store in the US, reported Reuters. International viewers find these micro-dramas exciting to watch, reported Xinhua. The stories are usually fast-paced (快节奏) and have many surprising twists (转折). This keeps people’s attention and makes them fun, Liu Jinlong, head of the app ShortTV, told Xinhua. The short length of the dramas adds to their popularity. Each episode (集) may last from only tens of seconds to two minutes. People can finish a micro-drama in short periods of time, such as on their way to work. Also, most micro-dramas are filmed vertically (竖向地). This allows people to watch them comfortably without having to turn their phone screen. Going forward, micro-dramas could open new doors for China’s cultural exports (输出), noted MIT Technology Review. However, one challenge to be addressed is that many of them have similar themes. The dramas should cover more topics, not just the usual ones like time travel, Li Jiang, head of Dianzhong Tech, a company in Beijing, told China Daily. 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Micro-dramas. B．Apps. C．Phone screens. D．Vertical filming. 2．Which of the following are the reasons for the popularity of micro-dramas? ① Their fast-paced and surprising twists. ② Their short length, making them easy to watch on the go. ③ They are filmed horizontally, allowing for better viewing. ④ They can be watched comfortably without turning the phone screen. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What challenge does the article mention for the future of micro-dramas? A．Lack of funding. B．Limited audience reach. C．Similar themes among many dramas. D．Technical difficulties in production. 4．What suggestion does Li Jiang give for improving micro-dramas? A．To increase their runtime. B．To cover more diverse topics. C．To reduce their production costs. D．To change their filming style. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The development of China’s film industry. B．The popularity of social media apps in China. C．The challenges faced by Chinese cultural exports. D．The rise of micro-dramas in China and their global influence. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国微短剧的迅速发展、受到国内外观众欢迎的原因以及未来面临的挑战。 【详解】1．根据第四段中“People can finish a micro-drama in short periods of time”以及“Also, most micro-dramas are filmed vertically (竖向地). This allows people to watch them comfortably without having to turn their phone screen.”可知，竖屏拍摄使人们能够舒适地观看微短剧，因此them指代前文提到的“micro-dramas”。 2．根据第三段中“The stories are usually fast-paced and have many surprising twists.”可知①正确；根据第四段中“People can finish a micro-drama in short periods of time, such as on their way to work.”可知②正确；根据“This allows people to watch them comfortably without having to turn their phone screen.”可知④正确；而文中提到的是“most micro-dramas are filmed vertically (竖向地)”，不是横屏拍摄，因此③错误。 3．根据最后一段中“However, one challenge to be addressed is that many of them have similar themes.”可知，微短剧未来面临的挑战是许多作品主题相似。 4．根据最后一段中“The dramas should cover more topics, not just the usual ones like time travel”可知，李江建议微短剧涵盖更多样化的话题，而不仅仅局限于常见题材。 5．通读全文可知，文章先介绍微短剧在中国的发展和受欢迎程度，又介绍其在海外市场的成功及未来发展方向，因此“The rise of micro-dramas in China and their global influence.”最适合作为标题。 长难句解析 原句：The dramas should cover more topics, not just the usual ones like time travel, Li Jiang, head of Dianzhong Tech, a company in Beijing, told China Daily. 译文：北京迪安中科技公司负责人李江向《中国日报》表示，这些剧集应涵盖更多主题，而不仅仅是时间旅行等常见题材。 译文 在地铁站、公交站旁……我们常能看到人们在快手、抖音等应用上观看微剧（微短剧）。这类剧集近年来发展迅速。据《中国日报》9月27日报道，2023年微剧票房收入达373.9亿元，占中国电影产业总票房的70%。 中国微剧在全球范围内也势头强劲。美国公司Sensor Tower数据显示，已有超过40款观剧类应用进入全球市场；截至2024年初，这些应用的下载量已达到约5500万次。据路透社报道，其中一款名为ReelShort的应用在苹果商店中的下载量已超越Netflix。 新华社报道称，国际观众认为这些微剧观看起来十分精彩。ShortTV应用负责人刘金龙向新华社表示，这些剧集通常节奏紧凑（快节奏），且充满出人意料的转折（转折），既能保持观众注意力，又极具观赏性。 这些微剧的短时长进一步提升了其受欢迎程度。每集（集）时长仅数十秒至两分钟，观众可在短时间内（例如通勤途中）轻松看完。此外，大多数微剧采用竖屏拍摄（竖向地），观众无需旋转手机屏幕即可舒适观看。 《麻省理工科技评论》指出，未来微剧有望为中国文化出口（输出）开辟新途径。但需解决的一个挑战是，这些剧集主题往往雷同。北京迪安中科技公司负责人李江向《中国日报》表示，微剧应涵盖更多题材，而不仅限于时间旅行等常见主题。 Passage B（全球社交媒体上兴起的“Be Chinese”潮流） （2026·湖北襄阳·一模）Have you noticed? A new trend (潮流) is sweeping social media all over the world. People from different countries are sharing videos of themselves trying to live like Chinese people. They drink warm water instead of cold, learn to make Chinese porridge, and even practice traditional Chinese exercises like Tai Chi. This trend, called “Be Chinese” online, isn’t about changing one’s nationality (国籍). It’s about embracing a different lifestyle. Many find it healthy and wise. A young lady from America said that drinking warm water helped treat her stomach problems. Another foreigner regards Baduanjin as a way to stay fit. On TikTok, people share their “Chinese life checklists” and encourage others to try. This cultural exchange is mainly led by common people online. Since the topic of “cultural check” appeared on Xiaohongshu, both Chinese and foreigners have shared their differences. This new form of communication is becoming more and more popular. People come together because of the wish for a better and healthier life. As one American netizen (网友) said, “We think being Chinese is cool and healthy.” What makes this trend special is how it shows a new side of China. For a long time, people around the world only knew some symbols like pandas, the Great Wall, or kung fu. Now, through daily life videos, they see a more modern and lively picture: convenient mobile payments, smart home apps, and useful life wisdom. These changes are helping to break people’s old views of China. As Chinese teenagers, we should take pride in this. We don’t force our culture on others. Instead, we share it with an open and understanding attitude. Let’s pass on our cultural treasures, tell good Chinese stories, and let the world see the beauty of China. 1．Which activity is mentioned as part of the “Be Chinese” trend in the passage? A．B．C．D． 2．What does the underlined word “embracing” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Refusing. B．Accepting. C．Comparing. D．Explaining. 3．Why do foreigners want to live like the Chinese, according to the passage? A．Because they are required by social media. B．Because they want to change their nationality. C．Because they want to learn kung fu and see pandas. D．Because they think the Chinese lifestyle is wise and healthy. 4．What can we know about this trend according to the passage? A．It forces Chinese culture on others. B．It takes the place of the old symbols. C．It is the most popular among young foreigners. D．It is spread through people’s daily sharing online. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To compare Chinese and American living habits. B．To introduce popular apps like TikTok and Xiaohongshu. C．To encourage Chinese people to pass on our cultural treasures. D．To explain how to make Chinese porridge and practice Tai Chi. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了全球社交媒体上兴起的“Be Chinese”潮流，即外国人通过分享视频体验并学习中国人的生活方式，以及这一文化交流现象的意义和中国青少年的应对态度。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段“...sharing videos of themselves trying to live like Chinese people. They drink...Tai Chi.”原文明确列举了“喝温水代替冷饮”、“学做中国粥”、“练太极”等活动。图C是太极，是文中提到的。 2．原文第二段“It’s about embracing a different lifestyle. Many find it healthy and wise.”文中说这种潮流是关于“embracing”一种不同的生活方式，紧接着说人们发现它“健康且明智”，说明人们是在积极“接纳/拥抱”这种生活方式。Accepting“接受/接纳”意思最接近。 3．原文第二段“Many find it healthy and wise.”以及第三段“We think being Chinese is cool and healthy.”文中明确提到外国人觉得这种生活方式“healthy and wise”健康且明智以及“cool and healthy”酷且健康，与选项D吻合。 4．原文第三段“This cultural exchange is mainly led by common people online... people share their differences.”以及“As one American netizen said...”文章指出这种文化交流主要由网上的普通民众引领，这说明它是通过人们在网上的日常分享传播的。D项“It is spread through people’s daily sharing online.”它通过人们的日常在线分享传播，是准确的描述。 5．最后一段“As Chinese teenagers, we should take pride in this... Let’s pass on our cultural treasures, tell good Chinese stories, and let the world see the beauty of China.”文章前四段介绍了现象，最后一段落脚到中国青少年应如何做，明确呼吁大家“pass on our cultural treasures”传承我们的文化瑰宝，这与选项C“To encourage Chinese people to pass on our cultural treasures.”鼓励中国人民传承我们的文化瑰宝，所描述的主旨完全一致。 长难句解析 原句： Since the topic of “cultural check” appeared on Xiaohongshu, both Chinese and foreigners have shared their differences. 自从“文化碰撞”这一话题在小红书上出现以来，中国用户和外国用户都纷纷分享了各自的看法差异。 译文 你是否注意到？一种新趋势（潮流）正在全球社交媒体上迅速蔓延。来自不同国家的人们纷纷分享自己尝试过中国式生活方式的视频：他们喝温水而非冷水，学习制作中式粥，甚至练习太极拳等传统中国健身运动。 这种被称为“在线做中国人”的趋势，并非指改变国籍（国籍），而是关于拥抱一种不同的生活方式。许多人认为这种做法既健康又明智。一位来自美国的年轻女士表示，饮用温水有助于缓解她的胃部问题；另一位外国人则将八段锦视为保持健康的方式。在抖音上，人们分享自己的“中国生活清单”，并鼓励他人尝试。 这种文化交流主要由普通网民在线推动。自“文化互鉴”这一话题在小红书上出现以来，中国网友与外国网友都分享了彼此的文化差异。这种新型交流方式正日益普及。人们因追求更美好、更健康的生活而聚集在一起。正如一位美国网友（网友）所说：“我们认为做中国人既酷又健康。”这一趋势的独特之处在于它展现了中国的新面貌。长期以来，全球民众仅了解熊猫、长城或功夫等象征性形象；如今通过日常生活视频，他们看到了更加现代、生动的中国图景：便捷的移动支付、智能家居应用以及实用的生活智慧。这些变化正帮助打破人们对中国的固有印象。 作为中国青少年，我们应当为此感到自豪。我们不会将自己的文化强加于他人，而是以开放和理解的态度分享它。让我们传承我们的文化瑰宝，讲述精彩的中国故事，让世界领略中国的魅力。 Passage1 （2024·浙江·中考真题）Pompawee is a fan of traditional Chinese culture. She is among thousands of young people in Thailand who have learned Mandarin (普通话). And she has been watching Mandarin in a creative way, making learning more enjoyable. In recent years, more young people in Thailand are trying to learn about China through social media, movies and TV programs, and hanfu is very popular with Pompawee’s students. That’s where she has got her new idea of teaching. She shares with them this latest Chinese fashion (时尚) in class, helping them learn about the culture as well as the language itself. “Mandarin is like a key, helping me to open the door to understand China,” she said. Pompawee developed a love for the Chinese language at the age of 13. When she was in high school, she made an important decision-learning Mandarin at college. Now 35-year-old Pompawee has taught Mandarin for over 10 years. Pompawee visited China for the first time while she was in the university. She found Chinese food so great. Before travelling to China, Pompawee had only heard of a few Chinese dishes, such as hot pot and jiaozi. She was amazed by the kinds, the tastes and the Chinese ways of cooking. “Chinese people are very kind to foreigners. During my first visit to China, my Chinese friends and their families always took good care of me and kept asking whether I was used to the life,” she recalled (回忆). So far, Pompawee has visited several Chinese cities, “China is such a large country,” she said. “My trip to China will never end and I’d like to introduce more to people of my country.” 1．What is Pompawee’s new way to teach Mandarin? A．Giving online lessons. B．Taking part in TV shows. C．Making movies about China. D．Sharing the fashion of hanfu. 2．When did Pompawee become a Mandarin teacher? A．At the age of thirteen. B．Over ten years ago. C．At the age of thirty-five. D．When she was at college 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Pompawee’s first visit to China B．Pompawee’s deep love for Mandarin. C．Pompawee’s favorite Chinese dishes. D．Pompawee’s life in different Chinese cities 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain a better way of teaching Mandarin. B．To show opinions about protecting local language. C．To introduce a foreigner who spreads Chinese culture. D．To list reasons why Chinese fashion is popular in Thailand. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Pornpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“That’s where she has got her new idea of teaching. She shares with them this latest Chinese fashion (时尚) in class,”可知这就是她对教学的新想法，她在课堂上与他们分享了最新的中国时尚。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Now 35-year-old Pompawee has taught Mandarin for over 10 years.”可知现年35岁的Pornpawee教授普通话已有10多年了。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Pompawee visited China for the first time while she was in the university. She found Chinese food so great...”可知本段主要介绍了Pornpawee首次参观中国的经历。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Pornpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。故选C。 Passage2 （2024·贵州·中考真题）Some people are worried about the effect that social media has on the lives of young people. The following text was written by a reporter: He tried to find out whether social media has a positive or negative effect on children. 1. Social media websites are communities where users can share photos and talk to each other online.Theyare very popular—millions of people use social media every day. Although some people think social media is a positive thing, many are worried about the negative effects it can have on young people. 2. James, a 15-year-old student, thinks that social media has many benefits. “I get very nervous when I talk to people in real life—I find it so much easier to express myself when I use social media. Another advantage is that I hardly ever forget anyone’s birthday now because I can look it up online!” Lots of users agree that social media helps young people stay connected to their friends and make new friends from around the world. 3. However, social media also has many problems. Social media may help young people find friends, but it also makes it easier for bullies to hurt them. Some parents believe that social media makes it harder for families to spend time together. They say their children are so crazy about social media that they ignore (忽视) the rest of their family. Many teachers think social media can distract (使某人分心) their students from schoolwork. 4. There is no doubt that social media has some problems, and it is very important to avoid spending too much time online. However, generally speaking, social media can be a positive thing for young people. It is a way for nervous people to make friends and for young people to stay connected. 1．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph I refer to? A．The photos shared online. B．The social media users. C．The social media websites. 2．What does James think of social media? A．It makes him ignore his family. B．It distracts him from schoolwork. C．It helps him express himself better. 3．Which is the correct structure of this text? (P1=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Why Is Social Media So Popular? B．Is Social Media Really a Problem? C．What Is the Future of Social Media? 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论。 【详解】1．代词指代题。根据“Social media websites are communities where users can share photos and talk to each other online. They are very popular”可知，社交媒体网站是用户可以在线分享照片和相互交谈的社区，它们很受欢迎。此处They指的是“社交媒体网站”，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“I find it so much easier to express myself when I use social media.”可知，詹姆斯发现使用社交媒体时，表达自己要容易得多。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍社交媒体网站的定义和优缺点；第二、三两段具体介绍使用社交媒体的优点和缺点；第四段进行总结。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论，选项B“社交媒体真的是个问题吗”符合主题，故选B。 Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·广东惠州·期末）In December 2025, Australia made a new law. Young people under 16 can’t have their own social media accounts (账号) any more. Apps such as TikTok, YouTube, Snapchat and others must check users’ ages now. And they need to take away the accounts of those under 16. Companies (公司) shouldn’t break this rule, or they may have to pay a lot of money. Many parents, teachers and child-safety experts have been worried about the effects of social media on young people. Some Internet risks like cyberbullying, wrong information and long screen time. The government hopes the rule will protect young people’s health and encourage real-world activities. Under the rule, social media companies must use technology like age-checking videos and ID checks to guess a user’s age. If someone seems under 16, their account will be closed. The way isn’t perfect, and some young people may still find ways around it, but it tries its best to decrease the number of users under 16. ______ Some families welcome the change because it makes the internet a safer place. Others are afraid that it may cut off young people from friends and support groups online. Tech companies also say age checks are hard to carry out and may encourage children to move to smaller or riskier apps. Australia will watch how the rule works and see how much it helps young people. Other countries are watching closely, thinking about starting similar laws too. This Australian new plan may influence how the world protects children online in the future. 1．What must social media companies do if they find users under 16 in Australia? A．Warn their parents. B．Close their accounts. C．Limit their time online. D．Send them warnings. 2．Why did Australia make the new law? A．To help social media companies make more money. B．To let young people spend more time online. C．To protect young people’s health and encourage real-world activities. D．To make young people move to smaller and riskier apps. 3．What does the underlined word “decrease” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Reduce. B．Drive. C．Create. D．Find. 4．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 4? A．Social media companies support the rule. B．Young people all agree with the government’s decision. C．Every person likes the new law. D．Different people have different opinions. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How children in Australia use social media. B．A new Australian rule on social media for under 16s. C．The history of social media in Australia. D．Different social media apps popular among children. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的新规定，包括内容、目的、执行方式及各方看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Under the rule, social media companies must use technology like age-checking videos and ID checks to guess a user’s age. If someone seems under 16, their account will be closed.”可知，在澳大利亚，如果社交媒体公司发现用户年龄未满 16 岁，就必须关闭其账号。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The government hopes the rule will protect young people’s health and encourage real-world activities.”可知，澳大利亚制定新法律目的在于保护青少年的健康，并鼓励他们参与真实世界的活动。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“If someone seems under 16, their account will be closed. The way isn’t perfect, and some young people may still find ways around it, but it tries its best to decrease the number of users under 16.”可知，如果某人看起来未满16岁，他们的账户将会被关闭。这种方式并不完美，一些年轻人可能仍然会找到规避它的办法，但它会尽力decrease16岁以下用户的数量。再结合所给选项可知，此处decrease意为“减少”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段空处后文“Some families welcome the change...Others are afraid that it may cut off young people from friends and support groups online.”可知，一些家庭欢迎这个改变，而另一些家庭则担心它可能会切断年轻人与线上朋友及支持团体的联系。由此可知空处应填“不同的人有不同的看法。”故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文围绕澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的新规定展开，包括政策内容、出台原因、执行方式和各方看法。只有B选项“澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的一项新规定。”最贴合主旨。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·重庆·期末）①If you share a photo on Weibo, others will know you are in Chongqing. Chinese social media platforms now show their users’ locations. All this information is based on our IP addresses. So, what exactly is an IP address? Can others exactly locate us through our IP addresses? ②You may compare your IP address to your home address. Your friends can find your home with your home address. Similarly, with your IP address, other devices (设备) can “find” your device. Without your IP address, Bilibili wouldn’t know where to send that cute cat video you just clicked (点击) on. But your IP address doesn’t directly give away your name, phone number or home address. It only shows your general location. ③ ▲ Everything you do online is being watched, whether by social media platforms or your browser (浏览器). This data is often linked to your IP address. It is stored on servers (服务器) across the world. But some bad guys can know your online activities just by having your IP address even if you use a password to lock your device. ④Cybercriminals (网络罪犯) can steal your information by hacking into certain servers. Companies’ servers get hacked every day, so the chance of this happening is never zero. ⑤Skilled hackers can also reach your device if they know your IP address. This is especially true if you are connected to public Wi-Fi networks. The hackers can then install malware (恶意软件) on your devices. These malware can steal your information without you knowing about it. ⑥If you are worried about what will happen if someone gets your IP address, you may consider changing your online habits. For example, do not share any personal information on social media. Regularly (定期地) changing your IP address can also make it harder for anyone to steal your information. You can do so by turning off your router (路由器) for a minute and turning it on again. 1．Why does the writer mention sharing a photo on Weibo in Paragraph 1? A．To explain how to use Weibo. B．To show the popularity of Weibo. C．To warn readers not to share photos online. D．To lead into the topic of IP addresses. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．IP addresses can show your exact home address. B．IP addresses help devices communicate with each other. C．People can get your phone number directly with your IP address. D．A stranger can know your name quickly from your IP address. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．And it’s easy to hide your IP address. B．But this can make your life happier. C．However, plenty of risks are still there. D．So people like sharing their daily life online. 4．According to the last paragraph, what can we do to protect our IP addresses? ① Use a password to lock the device. ② Turn off the router for a minute and then restart it. ③ Share less personal information on social media. ④ Change the IP address once a week. A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍关于IP地址的概念、作用、安全隐患和应用建议。 1．推理判断题。作者在第一段开头提到在微博分享照片会显示位置，自然地引出“这些信息基于IP地址”，提出“So, what exactly is an IP address? Can others exactly locate us through our IP addresses?”导入关于IP地址的科普主题。故选D。 2．细节理解题。第二段的核心是将IP地址类比为家庭地址，通过“Similarly, with your IP address, other devices (设备) can “find” your device.”解释了它的基本功能是让其他设备能够“找到”你的设备，从而实现数据传输。选项B“IP地址帮助设备彼此通信”与此呼应。故选B。 3．推理判断题。空格位于第三段段首，承上启下。第二段说明了IP地址的基础作用，空格后则详细论述了在线活动被监控、数据与IP关联、以及坏人可能利用IP地址获取活动记录等风险。此处表示转折，引出IP地址带来的“风险”，C选项“然而，仍然存在大量风险”最符合逻辑。故选C。 4．细节理解题。最后一段提出了保护IP地址的措施。作者提出“do not share any personal information on social media”（不要在社交媒体分享个人信息）和“ turning off your router (路由器) for a minute and turning it on again”（关闭路由器一分钟再重启来定期更换IP地址），对应②和③。故选C。 Passage 3 （2026·江苏淮安·一模）Whether it’s about politics, health or society, the online world is full of misinformation (错误信息), and it can have a serious influence on how people see the world. The problem has become worse with new AI tools easily creating lifelike images, videos and text that can be used to share fake (假的) information. And there are plenty of smart people who fall for fake news — so what exactly is going on? One of the reasons is “confirmation bias (确认偏见)”, which refers to how we usually believe things that confirm a belief we already have. Similar to this is a “familiarity bias (熟悉偏见)”, which is how we are also more likely to believe something if we see or hear it a lot. There is also “availability bias (可得性偏见)” — we tend to believe things that are easy to remember. A lot of misinformation is sensational (耸人听闻的) and shocking, so our brains remember it more easily. The way social media works has made it perfect for spreading misinformation too. Research has found that posts (帖子) that cause a lot of strong negative (负面的) feelings, like fear or anger, get much more attention than neutral (中立的) or positive posts. Algorithms (算法) reward people’s likes, comments and shares. So getting a lot of likes, comments and shares will often mean a post gets shown to more people — whether or not it has true information. This can mean misinformation gets spread and repeated very quickly. This also means that even if you comment on a post to challenge or fact-check it, you may end up helping bring the misinformation to more people. So what can you do to protect yourself and your community from misinformation? Take time to check if the information is true before you share it, especially if it seems really shocking. Ask yourself if the person or organization that posted it has any biases or if they are really an expert on the topic. Then look for the same facts on other trusted websites. And if you still have doubts—don’t like, comment or share! 1．What does the underlined part “fall for” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Understand. B．Forget. C．Discover. D．Believe. 2．How does the writer show what kind of posts get more attention in Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By telling a story. D．By asking questions. 3．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Shocking news is always worth sharing. B．Algorithms help spread true information. C．We should check a post before sharing it. D．We should comment to correct fake news. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．AI and Social Media Problems B．Why People Believe Fake News C．How to Check Information Online D．How AI Creates Fake News Online 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了网络错误信息的传播现状、成因（包括认知偏见、社交媒体特性和算法影响），并给出了防范错误信息的具体建议。 【详解】1．第二段可得出结论，原文提到“there are plenty of smart people who fall for fake news”，结合上下文“fake news”（假新闻）的语境，“fall for”表示“轻信、相信（Believe）”。 2．第四段可得出结论，作者通过举例说明“posts that cause a lot of strong negative feelings, like fear or anger, get much more attention than neutral or positive posts”，即通过举例展示哪种帖子更易获得关注。 3．最后一段可得出结论，原文提到“Take time to check if the information is true before you share it”，说明作者认同在分享帖子前应先核查信息真实性。 4．全文围绕“人们为何会相信假新闻”展开，分析了认知偏见、社交媒体特性和算法等核心原因，最后给出防范建议，因此最佳标题为Why People Believe Fake News。 Passage 4 （2026·河南周口·模拟预测）The library at South Brunswick High School has more than just rows of books. Students can also see a collection of helpful guides on how to use the Internet wisely. Many posters with “Smart Social Networking” tips are on the walls. They were made by Lisa Manganello. The librarian has been teaching information literacy (信息素养) for nearly 20 years. Her goal is clear: to equip (使有能力) teens with the skills to safely explore the big but often confusing world of the Internet. These days, many kids get their news from the Internet. That’s not necessarily a problem. But there is also a lot of misinformation. Such information can confuse children. Worryingly, two-thirds of high school students in a U.S. survey couldn’t tell the difference between a news article and an ad. “No matter what you read online, look at it critically (批判性地),” Manganello often tells her students. “You can have an opinion on either side. But you must be able to support it with a fact-based article.” In her class, Manganello and her students discuss the pictures that come with news stories: Are they neutral (中立的) or not? Students also learn to compare different news stories on the same topic to see which ones are close to facts. Olga Polites is a retired English teacher. She believes it’s important to teach kids to be critical of what they see online. “When cars were first invented, we could hardly see discussions about car safety. Seat belts weren’t required,” she said, “Phones are like cars. We need to teach young people how to be smarter consumers (消费者) of information.” 1．Who is Lisa Manganello? A．An English teacher at South Brunswick High School. B．A reporter from South Brunswick High School magazine. C．A student at South Brunswick High School. D．A librarian at South Brunswick High School. 2．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Manganello has been teaching information literacy at her school for 12 years. B．News online is wrong and it’s a problem for kids to get news from the Internet. C．Manganello tells her students to read things online with a critical eye. D．Olga Polites created a collection of helpful guides on how to use the Internet. 3．Polites compared ________ to cars. In her opinion, ________ is/are like the seat belts in the cars. A．phones; information literacy B．phones; teachers C．Internet; information literacy D．Internet; teachers 4．What does “information literacy” mean? A．You can use social media apps. B．You can voice opinions on information. C．You can read and understand information. D．You can find, judge and use information wisely. 5．Why did the writer write this article? A．To ask people to focus on Internet safety and make some changes. B．To introduce the idea of information literacy in the information age. C．To tell us the importance of information literacy and the need to teach it in schools. D．To tell us Manganello’s hard work to teach information literacy skills to her students. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了信息素养的重要性，以Manganello为例，说明如何教学生批判性地看待网络信息，避免被误导。 【详解】1．文中第一段明确说 “They were made by Lisa Manganello. The librarian has been teaching...” 以及 “Her goal...”，结合上下文可知她是学校图书管理员。 2．第三段开头直接引用Manganello的话“No matter what you read online, look at it critically”，无论你在网上读到什么，都要以批判的眼光看待。 3．文中第三段结尾Polites说“Phones are like cars...We need to teach young people how to be smarter consumers of information.” 手机像汽车，信息素养（批判性看待信息的能力）像安全带。 4．文中第三段Manganello教学生辨别新闻与广告、判断图片是否中立、比较不同报道等，Manganello所教的信息素养指能够找到、判断并明智地使用信息。 5．全文通过Manganello的教学例子，说明信息素养的重要性以及在学校教授它的必要性。 Passage 5 （2024·湖北武汉·二模）A worker in Hong Kong received a video call from, what appeared to be, coworkers and his company’s CFO. Everyone looked and sounded real, but it turned out everyone on the call was a deepfake (深度伪造). The employee was scammed (诓骗) into paying out over $25 million to unknown cheaters.     At first, the worker worried that this was a scam, but after the video call, he believed it and sent the money. In the multi-person video meeting, it turned out that everyone he saw was fake. The worker recognized several people on the call, who all looked and sounded like his coworkers. He only found out it was a scam when he checked in with the head office later that week. The meeting’s participants were digitally recreated.      Recently, there haye been more scammers using hi-tech to scam people, For example, they use AI to create very realistic videos or audio recordings, of people saying or doing things they never actually said or did.       ★ According to the experts, be careful about what information you share online, as scammers can use videos and images posted on social media to, create deepfakes. During a video call, have the other party wave their hands in front of their faces, or get them to press their noses or cheeks. This will help you tell if they, are real people or deepfakes. Not sure about the people calling, ask them questions that only the real person would be able to answer. 1．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．why the worker believed the cheaters B．how the worker found out the truth C．who attended the video meeting D．what kind of the video call it was 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Is everything about online not true? B．Try our best to keep our money safe. C．Keep away from strangers’ calls and requests. D．But how can we avoid being tricked by such scams? 3．Which are the experts’ suggestions? ①Call the police.     ②Ask ones to wave hands before faces. ③Ask ones to press the noses.     ④Use AI less.     ⑤Ask special questions. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤ 4．The underlined word “party” refers to ________. A．the people on the other end B．a family get-together C．a group of people in argument D．a political organization 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Nothing Is Impossible. B．AI Will Tell You More. C．Seeing Is Not Believing. D．Be Careful While Calling. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了现在越来越多的骗子使用高科技来欺骗人们，并介绍了一些防止被骗的建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据“At first, the worker worried that this was a scam, but after the video call, he believed it and sent the money...”可知第二段主要介绍了这名工人为什么会相信骗子。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“According to the experts, be careful about what information you share online...”可知此处介绍了避免被骗的建议，选项D“但是，我们怎样才能避免上当受骗呢”符合语境。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“During a video call, have the other party wave their hands in front of their faces, or get them to press their noses or cheeks...ask them questions that only the real person would be able to answer.”可知在视频通话中，让对方在他们面前挥手，或者让他们按压鼻子或脸颊，问他们只有真人才能回答的问题。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“During a video call, have the other party wave their hands in front of their faces, or get them to press their noses or cheeks”可知在视频通话中，让对方在他们面前挥手，或者让他们按压鼻子或脸颊，故此处划线部分指代“另一端的人”。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了现在越来越多的骗子使用高科技来欺骗人们，并介绍了一些防止被骗的建议，以选项C“眼见不一定为实”为标题最合适。故选C。 Passage 6 （2024·广东珠海·一模）Did you know that when you surf the web, websites in some countries put secret software (软件) on your computer? The software collects information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be assembled from social media. There are many ways your information can be used. First, companies collect your information and record all your online habits. They find out where you live and what you do online. With the information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess how old you are and what your interests are. Your personal information could also be sold. When someone sells your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Your personal information can also be collected through social media. Even if you don’t use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. If someone knows too much about you, he might steal your personal information. Then he can buy things online and post messages while pretending (假装) to be you. ▲ The law is finally changed when it comes to technology. In the European Union, for example, according to a rule, Internet users can now ask companies to show them what information they have about them and even make them delete it. If other countries do the same, the Internet could soon be a much safer place. 1．What does the underline word “assembled” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Compared. B．Changed. C．Collected. D．Provided. 2．What will the companies know by collecting your information? ①age and hobbies    ②online activities    ③addresses    ④risks A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Some Internet companies can make little money by selling personal information. B．Some Internet companies can’t get any information from a video with our name. C．Our personal information can’t be collected if we don’t use social media. D．If all the countries make laws about personal information, the Internet could soon be a safer place. 4．What can be put in ________ the in the last paragraph? A．However, it’s not all bad news. B．Anyway, every coin has two sides. C．Actually, different people have different opinions. D．In fact, people believe things are changing for the worse. 5．What is the writer’s purpose according to the passage? A．To let people know how their personal information is sold on the Internet. B．To ask people to pay attention to the safety of their personal information online. C．To let people not worry too much about the safety of their personal information online. D．To ask people to keep away from social media to protect their personal information. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们的个人信息是如何在网上被获取以及被贩卖的，并介绍了欧盟的一项关于保护互联网用户信息安全的一项法律规定。 1．词义猜测题。根据“The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be assembled from social media.”和“Your personal information could also be sold.”，“Your personal information can also be collected through social media.”可知，个人信息会被贩卖，也会通过社交媒体收集到。划线单词assembled意为“收集”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, companies collect your information and record all your online habits. They find out where you live and what you do online. With the information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess how old you are and what your interests are.”可知，这些公司会得知你的住址、年龄、兴趣爱好，以及在网上做的事情。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The law is finally changed when it comes to technology. In the European Union, for example, according to a rule, Internet users can now ask companies to show them what information they have about them and even make them delete it. If other countries do the same, the Internet could soon be a much safer place.”可知，如果其他国家都制定有关个人信息的法律，互联网可能很快就会变得更安全。故选D。 4．推理判断题。上文介绍了个人信息会被窃取、收集、贩卖；根据下文“The law is finally changing when it comes to technology...”可知，下文讲述了涉及到技术方面的法律发生了好的变化。故空处应表示转折，选项A“然而，也不全是坏消息。”符合语境。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文后可知，本文主要讲述了人们的个人信息是如何在网上被获取以及被贩卖的，旨在提醒人们要注意网上个人信息的安全。故选B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $