B篇阅读理解各个突破-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高三阅读B篇，以"基础理解-推理应用-综合拓展"分层设计，覆盖细节定位、逻辑推理、主旨提炼等能力，通过真实情境语篇巩固语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础理解|段落主旨、细节定位|如24题直接考查段落聚焦内容，强化信息提取能力| |推理应用|细节推理、词义猜测|如26题通过上下文推断"fudge"词义，培养逻辑分析能力| |综合拓展|主旨大意、作者意图|如27题提炼文章传达的人生哲理，提升语篇整体把握能力|

2027届高三阅读B篇专项练习 Passage 1 B 200 days would not be a walk in the park. But Steve James, a 65-year-old retired banker, has found his feet and reached the halfway mark - an average of 100 marathons in 100 days. "In those first two weeks I was thinking: 'What have I done?'" James said. "I had horrible blisters (水泡) for the first 10 days. The gout (痛风) struck all of a sudden, but I took some medicine and it went away. Now I feel fine." James's progress along the coastlines of Great Britain is being tracked by experts from the University of Exeter, who are keen to find out the effects of such an extreme challenge on an older person. The challenge is to do, on average, a marathon every day. Some days, it might be a bit less; others a bit more. There is no set route. James has a plan but adapts and changes it. As for fuel, he is not following the sort of diet an exceptional athlete might adopt. He has cereal, bacon, cake and fish and chips for dinner, washed down with a couple of beers. "It's all about routine, about getting up and leaving at the same time," said James. "I love the physical challenge. I'm not especially talented at things, but I can keep going." The Exeter researchers assessed James before his departure and he sends data daily for them to analyze. They are studying his calorie intake, oxygen levels and muscle measurements. He has lost about 10kg but the team has seen no ill-effects to his health. James, who is raising money for Cancer Research UK, passes the time by listening to music and is also learning Welsh. By the time he gets to Wales, he hopes to be able to order a beer in the language. He thinks the most difficult stretch physically will be the north coasts of Devon and Cornwall. "I'm kind of hoping that by then my body will be completely conditioned and I'll be able to cope with that." 24. What does paragraph 2 focus on? A. The difficulties James faced. B. James's solution to challenges. C. James's attitude to the running. D. The treatment James received. 25. What can be learned about James's running plan? A. It features a strict diet. B. It is made by researchers. C. It is confirmed by other athletes. D. It changes based on circumstances. 26. What is James's expectation for the journey ahead? A. To run all over Wales. B. To be physically adapted. C. To grow thinner and healthier. D. To raise money for cancer patients. 27. What message does the passage convey? A. Exercise shapes one's character. B. Health begins where the feet move. C. Limits can be redefined at any age. D. Optimism unlocks human potential. Passage 2 B In 1975, five-year-old Jeff, in a wheelchair, asked his parents if he could meet Fred Rogers of the Neighborhood rather than going to Disneyland. It was the family's own version of "Make-A-Wish," proposed on the eve of Jeff's major spinal (脊椎的) surgery. Jeff said Mr. Rogers told him that he was special and that he was just fine the way he was, and it gave him confidence and made him feel good. Jeff's parents wrote a letter to the television star about the boy's desire to meet him, and they got a handwritten answer that led to a breakfast meeting at a hotel. Later they continued to correspond; Rogers wrote to say how glad he was that Jeff's surgery had gone well. Then in 1980, Rogers decided he wanted to have a child in a wheelchair on his show for a theme week on all things mechanical. He remembered Jeff and insisted it had to be Jeff. On the Neighborhood, Rogers asked Jeff straightforwardly about the mechanics of his wheelchair, and how he wound up in it. Producer Margy Whitmer recalled Jeff's appearance on the show: "It was one of the most impressive moments... Here's this child who has multiple disabilities, and Fred said, 'Talk to me about that wheelchair. Talk to me about what's wrong with you.' And this extraordinary kid talked about his medical condition (resulting from spinal tumor) in a matter-of-fact way. Fred presented it to kids watching the show, as 'this is just the way he is.'" This was the philosophy of Fred Rogers's complete acceptance: There was no topic he wouldn't address on air, no matter how difficult. "We don't fudge things," he said once when asked about the sources of the show's popularity. "People long to be in touch with honesty." Jeff and Rogers didn't meet again until 1999, when Rogers was being honored with a place in the Television Hall of Fame. When Jeff rolled onstage to surprise him, Rogers ran up to the stage and hugged him as if they were the only two people in the auditorium. "On behalf of millions of children and grown-ups," said Jeff, "It's you I like."There wasn't a dry eye in the well-dressed house. 24. What inspired Jeff to meet Fred Rogers? A. His eagerness to seek praise. B. His need for Rogers's advice. C. His worries about his surgery. D. His fondness for Rogers's show. 25. What do Rogers's words to Jeff on the show illustrate? A. His desire to impress the audience. B. His effort to make people feel special. C. His openness in discussing children's disability. D. His concern about the child's medical condition. 26. What does the underlined word "fudge" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Avoid. B. Challenge. C. Mess up. D. Comment on. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. An Excellent Neighbor B. The Power of Acceptance C. The Value of Friendship D. A Special Wheelchair Boy Passage 3 B Topiary, the practice of training plants into defined shapes, might remind people of scenes from Alice in Wonderland. Michael Gibson believes its lessons go beyond the aesthetic (审美). "Topiary teaches patience. After trimming (修剪), you have to wait for new growth," he explained. "It can also reduce anxiety and improve focus." In other words, it benefits both plants and humans. To that end, Gibson uses his training in therapeutic horticulture (疗愈园艺) to serve communities. He is known for his distinctive style, based on what he calls the "Gibson method," which has five elements: storytelling; geometry for balance and harmony; a special tree-trimming technique that shapes trees; visual effects for striking appearances; and the use of color and texture to create emotional responses. Gibson believes that by engaging all the senses, topiary can become a truly immersive experience. Gibson's work has taken him to hospitals, schools, and community centers, where he teaches people how to shape plants and, in the process, shape their own mental well-being. "When you're focused on trimming a bush into a peacock, you're not thinking about your worries," he says. "You're in the moment." His approach has been particularly effective with elderly patients suffering from dementia (痴呆). The repetitive, gentle nature of the work helps calm their anxiety and brings back memories of gardens from their youth. One patient, who had not spoken in weeks, began humming a gardening song while working alongside Gibson. "That moment reminded me why I do this," he recalls. Despite its benefits, topiary requires commitment. Plants don't grow overnight, and neither does the sense of peace that comes from caring for them. But for Gibson, the waiting is part of the gift. "In a world that wants everything instantly," he says, "topiary teaches us to slow down and appreciate the process." 24. What does Michael Gibson say about topiary? A. It is a form of art. B. It demands great patience. C. It is similar to Alice in Wonderland. D. It requires professional training. 25. What is the main purpose of the "Gibson method"? A. To create visually striking shapes. B. To teach people gardening skills. C. To provide a full sensory experience. D. To promote traditional horticulture. 26. Why does Gibson's work benefit dementia patients? A. It awakens pleasant memories. B. It provides physical exercise. C. It improves their social skills. D. It teaches them new techniques. 27. What does Gibson value most about topiary? A. The beautiful results it produces. B. The professional recognition it brings. C. The connection it builds between people. D. The calming pace and process it involves. Passage 4 B When I wrote my first book three years ago, the words came naturally. Eight weeks of even rhythm and it was finished with ease. So when I sat down to write my second book, I expected the same effortless flow. Instead, I found myself staring at a blinking typing line that seemed to flash with quiet accusation. I couldn't begin. Day after day, I repeated the same routines: I set up the perfect workspace, blocked out hours for writing, and reread old pages that had once made me proud. None of it helped. For a while, I blamed myself, mistaking my procrastination for laziness or lack of discipline. Still, the familiar motions kept me occupied while the work itself remained still. Eventually, exhaustion softened my stress, and I stopped pushing. What if the resistance was trying to tell me something? I opened my journal and started writing — not about the book, but about why I couldn't write it. The truth that poured out was simple and childlike: What if this book isn't as good as the first? What if readers decide a woman like me has already said everything she knows? Beneath the delay, I found fear — not of the work, but of judgment. Procrastination had become a safety net; staying still meant avoiding being seen and possibly found lacking. So I tried something different. I set a timer for five minutes and wrote whatever came. A sentence, half an idea, a small whisper of a scene. My hand moved first, and my mind followed. Piece by piece, those small beginnings grew into the book I had been afraid to start. By the time I finished, I saw procrastination differently. It was never merely delay. It was a quiet dialogue between the part of me that wants to try and the part that fears the fall. What I once called wasted time was, in truth, the stillness before courage — the quiet reward of writing. 24. Why did the author keep following the same routines? A. To look for creative inspiration. B. To overcome her procrastination. C. To gain a false sense of progress. D. To improve her writing technique. 25. What actually prevented the author from writing? A. Lack of new ideas. B. Pursuit of perfection. C. Desire for social fame. D. Concern over disapproval. 26. How did the author manage to restart her writing? A. By taking one step at a time. B. By focusing on small details. C. By reflecting on the outcome. D. By following a flexible schedule. 27. What message does the author seem to deliver in the last paragraph? A. Courage helps fight against fear. B. Stillness can be part of creativity. C. Procrastination is a waste of time. D. Writers should avoid taking breaks. Passage 5 B When Mia Woods retired at 61, she knew she needed a plan. "I was worried about losing my identity as a professional. What else can I be?" she thought. The year before, she had been told she had a mild memory problem. "I was trying to show myself that I could still think and be creative," she says. So she decided to do — rather than be — something new: bake a pie every day for a year and give each pie away. "It made me reach out every day to somebody, so I wouldn't be alone. And it gave me a routine," she says. She baked her first pie and gave it to her 88-year-old aunt, Carol. As a teenager, Mia had moved in with her aunt's family when her mother became ill. "They gave me stability... It was the perfect first pie," she says. She went on giving pies to former colleagues, grocery clerks, even a homeless man. As word spread, she got known as "the pie lady". For more than 30 years, Mia had worked as a city planner. "I'm a planner by nature, training and profession. What I really liked about it was that planning takes time, chaos, many different components, puts them all together and makes them into something manageable." She sees the same in baking pies: "You take a bunch of ingredients and create something out of them." Twelve years on, Mia has continued to invent new projects, including writing a letter a day, and painting pictures of her local sky. She is writing a book about the pie experience. But she has learned more than baking. "What really came out of it was the understanding that I was someone who could do new things," she reflects. "And my professional identity wasn't critical to who I am." "Even now, after I have an encounter with somebody, I think: 'There's a person I wish I could give a pie to.'" says Mia. 24. What was Mia's worry when she retired? A. Her serious mental problem. B. Her being cut off from others. C. Having no identity beyond career. D. Having to change her daily routine. 25. Why did Mia give her first pie to her aunt? A. She had given Mia a home. B. She had cared for Mia's mum. C. She was the oldest in the family. D. She had built Mia's stable character. 26. What do city planning and baking pies have in common according to Mia? A. Both require professional training. B. Both make sense of mixed elements. C. Both create something out of nothing. D. Both connect people with one another. 27. What is Mia's reflection on her experience? A. Everyone in the world deserves a pie. B. New challenges redefine who we are. C. Opening up to changes takes courage. D. Simple acts can bring people together. Passage 6 B They now call it "Batesian mimicry" — the amazing skill for survival I first saw in the whispering green of the Amazon. I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking (长袜) maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy's passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin's future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called "the great engine of change" in the tropics. For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria. My routine was strict: mornings collecting, afternoons reading and preparing my finds. I was usually in bed by nine. My field journals, filled with detailed drawings and notes in dark ink, were my defense against the dampness and insects. I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness. It was a time of extraordinary variety. I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science. But the real wonder was not the count, but a pattern. I noticed. It started with a puzzle: why could slow-flying butterflies like the Heliconius escape birds? Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius. These mimics, avoided by their natural enemies, survived to pass on their colours. Here was evolution by natural selection, written plainly on butterfly wings. I published my paper in 1862, three years after Darwin's On the Origin of Species. That this "mimicry", discovered in remote jungles, could offer timely field support for his great theory remains my proudest achievement. They say I "wrote the book" on field study. I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father's Leicester workshop into the heart of nature's grandest design. 24. Who was Henry Walter Bates? A. A stocking maker from Leicester. B. Darwin's co-theorist on evolution. C. A scientist who studied insects. D. A writer documenting tropical life. 25. What did Bates consider was essential to his life and work in the Amazon? A. Keeping a strict daily schedule. B. Getting assistance from the locals. C. Collecting and studying samples. D. Staying healthy in the rainforest. 26. What was the pattern Bates discovered? A. Birds avoided eating bitter-tasting insects. B. Slow-flying butterflies escaped birds' attack. C. The bright colours of butterflies signalled danger. D. Harmless species copied the look of poisonous ones. 27. Which of the following best describes Bates? A. Brave and passionate. B. Strict and humble. C. Ambitious and sociable. D. Independent and proud. Passage 7 B At dinnertime, if I'm anywhere near my favourite restaurant, there's not a chance you can talk me into going somewhere else—I want to eat at China Fun. Actually, I have been eating at this restaurant for 17 years. Don't get me wrong, trying new things is great, and I love exploring. But the pressure to always keep trying new things ignores the satisfaction of finding our loves and keeping on loving them. That's why I dislike pop-up restaurants. I'd much rather invest my time and money in a place that will still be here next month, working my way through the menu to find my favourite dishes, and figuring out which is the best table. In a chaotic world, being a regular makes me feel that there are always places where things stay the same. In my mental map of the city, I mark all my favourites—cute bookshops, hidden gardens, and the hotdog stand that's open only at weekends. To be a regular is to let a place become a character in your life. The act of returning builds connection, and a sense of being at home as you settle in and share a nod with the waiter before he asks if you'll be having the usual. Some things just get better the more you do them. While relaxing weekends offer the promise of finding country paths for a wander, I would prefer revisiting a beloved walking route as the seasons turn, noticing the subtle (微妙的) changes in the same place. I've walked along the Thames a hundred times, but the banks look different each time as the tides move to reveal or conceal (隐藏). It feels like spending time with a friend. The river is alive, and each time we meet, we grow closer. I discovered a little local café recently. After several visits, Kirsty, the resident café cat, has started to greet me at the door, rubbing against my legs as if welcoming an old friend. Maybe that's what I love most about being a regular—not just the familiar places, but the familiar welcome. 24. What does the author's restaurant preference show? A. He is a creature of habit. B. He is strictly self-disciplined. C. He loves exploring new things. D. He favours Asian cuisine most. 25. What does the underlined word "character" in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Reward. B. Souvenir. C. Symbol. D. Companion. 26. How does the author find the walking route along the Thames? A. Crowded but comforting. B. Familiar but refreshing. C. Winding but approachable. D. Exhausting but adventurous. 27. What message does this text mainly convey? A. Satisfaction exists in the present. B. Shared experiences build bonds. C. Possibilities hide in the unknown. D. Repeat visits deepen appreciation. Passage8 B This summer I came face-to-face with three deep-rooted fears: heights, bears, and ageing. Two friends joined me on a four-day wilderness getaway, and since we were all in our seventies, we decided we'd better go while we still could. Our adventure began with a scary drive up a winding mountain road. On one hike, I found myself hanging onto a wire on a bridge made of two partly rotten (腐烂的) logs, suspended high above rushing rapids. I would never have attempted it without our guide ahead, mouthing encouraging words. Fixing my eyes on her boots, I inched along the shaky logs. Somehow, I made it across, flooded with a rush of intense excitement and huge relief. Later, after spotting bear tracks, we were told to make loud noises, which soon became a game once the tension faded. Until suddenly, time stood still. We had just crossed a stream when the guide whispered, "There's a bear." I looked up in disbelief and saw not one, but two, about ten meters above us—the brown mother in front, her cub behind. Though scared speechless, I couldn't help noticing how beautiful they looked in their natural setting. I wondered if it would be my last memory. As they started towards us, we recovered enough to shout and wave our hiking poles. Taken aback, they stopped, and then slowly turned away. Another fear was overcome! On our final morning, after a quiet, thoughtful walk through the forest, we were asked to bring back a "meaningful" stick, rock, and leaf to share what would "stick" with us, what "rocked," and what we would "leaf" behind. The bond of friendship would stick with me. Women supporting one another truly rocked. And I hoped to leave some fears behind. Our guide ended by expressing her admiration, praising not only our fitness but also our positive attitude, and saying she hoped to be like us in another thirty or forty years. Those unexpected words warmed my heart and eased my fear of being “over the hill.” Being valued for what we had accomplished felt like winning an Olympic medal—even if just for participation. 24. How did the author cross the bridge? A. By taking mindful steps. B. By rushing across it bravely. C. By using her sense of direction. D. By having the guide drag her over. 25. Why did the bears leave? A. They were attracted by the natural setting. B. They were afraid of the noise of the rapids. C. They were surprised at the group's actions. D. They were threatened by the guide's rocks. 26. Why did the guide ask them for a stick, rock, and leaf? A. To pick up some souvenirs. B. To reflect on the journey. C. To symbolize their teamwork. D. To check their observation skills. 27. What does the underlined phrase "over the hill" in the last paragraph mean? A. Past the peak of youth. B. Too high to go down. C. Out of place in society. D. Beyond physical limits. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Passage 1 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.C Passage 2 24.C 25.C 26.A 27.B Passage 3 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.D Passage 4 2027届高三阅读B篇专项练习答案 24.B 25.D 27.B Passage 5 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.B Passage 6 24.C 25.B 27.A Passage 7 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.D Passage 8 24.A 25.C 68 27.A