选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION（word练习）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习课时作业（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然”主题，整合阅读、语法、写作多题型，构建“输入-内化-输出”语言能力训练链，渗透文化意识与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（记叙文+说明文）|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|从个人环保行动到科学议题，由浅入深培养信息获取与思辨能力| |阅读七选五|1篇说明文|篇章结构与逻辑衔接|分析环境问题及对策，强化语篇连贯思维| |语法填空|1篇说明文|词形变化（amount/restore）、从句引导词、固定搭配|通过湿地保护案例，巩固语法规则在语境中的应用| |应用文写作|1篇新闻报道|活动描述与意义阐述|从校园实践切入，提升语言表达与跨文化沟通能力|

Unit 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ●ⅠA 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者受到气候变化启发,创作了摄影作品来激发人们提高环保意识。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段“But a one-month camping trip…perspective: photography is more than taking photos.”以及第二段“Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being.”可知,作者早期专注于引人注目的风景摄影,但澳大利亚的露营之旅改变了他的看法,他意识到摄影不止是拍照。结合后文他通过作品Blaze呼吁人们关注森林砍伐问题可知,其新认知是摄影应承载深刻意义。故选B项。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly…swept through the east coast.”可知,作者在 Menindee Lakes 地区目睹了森林砍伐、干旱,以及山火肆虐的影响,进而创作了Blaze。这表明当地环境变化是其灵感来源。故选A项。 3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I connected a few of the…and fire-fighting equipment was prepared.”可知,作者通过燃气罐和管道在枯树后制造火焰轮廓,看起来像树在燃烧,且火焰仅持续 15 秒,未损伤树木和昆虫。因此,Blaze的核心图像是枯树被火焰轮廓环绕。故选D项。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第三段“I spoke to the local authority…to deforestation.”可知,作者创作的目的是将燃烧的树作为灯塔,吸引人们关注森林砍伐问题。最后一段也强调,这幅作品能让人们意识到自然世界的脆弱。因此,其意图是提高公众意识。故选C项。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是气候学家詹姆斯·汉森关于减少空气污染对气候影响的警告,并探讨了气溶胶与全球变暖之间的复杂关系及争议。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Reducing air pollution is…warming,’ said…Development Network briefing.”可知,汉森的警告主要集中在空气污染的减少对气候的影响。故选B项。 6.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“A 2020 shipping regulation…a decade’s worth of current CO2 emissions.”可知,气溶胶的减少使每平方米地球表面额外吸收了0.5瓦热量,由此可知,作者提到2020年的航运法规是为了强调气溶胶对温室效应的影响。故选B项。 7.D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Michael Diamond at Florida State University notes Hansen’s 0.5-watt estimate is ‘at the extreme edge of plausibility (合理性)’, while NASA’s Gavin Schmidt argues the number is ‘very likely an overestimate’.”可知,迈克尔·戴蒙德指出,汉森提出的0.5瓦估计值“处于合理性的极端边缘”,由此可推断,迈克尔·戴蒙德对汉森的估计值持怀疑态度。故选D项。 8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He says more work is needed to understand the warming effects of aerosols before we put the blame on reduced air pollution.”可知,Shiv Priyam Raghuraman认为还需要更多工作来理解气溶胶的增温效应,由此可知,关于气温上升的原因仍需进一步研究。故选A项。 ●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了生态环境的重要性及当前面临的威胁,如工业污染和森林砍伐,并提出了包括立法、使用可再生能源及提升公众意识在内的多种保护措施。 1.G　根据上文的“As we all know, the ecological environment is…water, and rich soil.”可知,上文讲生态环境很重要,下文讲工业化对生态环境的破坏,这里需要一个转折句引出人类活动对生态环境造成威胁的内容,G选项“However, human activities have been posing a serious threat to it recently.”(然而,最近人类活动对生态环境构成了严重威胁。)起到承上启下的作用,与上文为转折关系,引出下文讲述的人类活动对生态环境构成的威胁,符合语境。故选G。 2.A　根据上文的“Factories release large quantities of waste…breathe but also pollute rivers and lakes.”以及下文的“Vast areas…expansion.”可知,上文提到工厂排放污染物的问题,而下文提到了大片树木被砍伐,所以此空应是阐述破坏生态环境的另一个主要问题,即森林砍伐,因此A选项“Deforestation is another major issue.”(森林砍伐是另一个主要问题。)承接了上文,且引出下文讲述的森林砍伐的问题,符合语境。故选A。 3.F　此处应为本段的主题句,根据下文的“Governments…and regulations. These laws are effective in controlling industrial pollution…”可知,各国政府已经制定了更严格的环境法律法规,由此可知,本段都是在讲应对威胁所采取的措施,F选项“To address the threats, human beings are urged to take some measures.”(为了应对这些威胁,人类被敦促采取一些措施。)引出采取措施这一内容,概括了本段的主题,符合语境。故选F。 4.E　根据上文的“Renewable energy sources are also being…catching on.”以及下文的“Renewable energy sources can reduce our dependence on fossil (化石) fuels and lower carbon emissions.”可知,上文提到可再生能源尤其是太阳能和风能正在兴起,下文阐述的是可再生能源能减少对化石燃料的依赖、降低碳排放,由此可知,此空应是进一步解释可再生能源的优势,E选项“They are clean and sustainable alternatives to traditional energy.”(它们是传统能源的清洁且可持续的替代品。)中的they指代的是上文中的solar and wind energy,说明它们是传统能源的替代品,符合语境。故选E。 5.B　根据本段主题句“In addition, individuals can also play a vital role in protecting the ecological environment.”以及上文“We can start with simple things in our daily lives, such as saving water and electricity.”可知,本段主要讲述的是个人行为在保护生态环境中所发挥的重要作用,由此可推断,此空应是对上文内容的进一步阐述,B选项“This helps to conserve energy and reduce waste.”(这有助于节约能源和减少浪费。)中的this指的是上文中的“节约水电”行为,进一步说明节约水电的好处,符合语境。故选B。 ●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国湿地保护和恢复工作。 1.amounting　考查非谓语动词。本句是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,amount和逻辑主语its total wetland area之间是主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填amounting。 2.restoration　考查名词。空处有this 修饰,因此这里应该是名词,需要用restore的名词形式restoration。故填restoration。 3.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是wetland ecosystems,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,用which引导。故填which。 4.influential　考查形容词。空处修饰名词,用形容词作定语。故填influential。 5.and　考查连词。根据句意可知,“…support 40 percent of all species…”和前文的“…provide critical services…”是并列关系,用and连接。故填and。 6.dramatically　考查副词。修饰形容词,用副词dramatically。故填dramatically。 7.in　考查介词。此处是固定搭配:result in意为“导致”。故填in。 8.a　考查冠词。rise意为“增长”,为可数名词,句中用的单数表示泛指,要用不定冠词修饰,nearly发音为辅音音素开头。故填a。 9.hosted　考查非谓语动词。主句已有谓语动词said,host用非谓语形式,根据后文的by可知,用过去分词表被动,作定语。故填hosted。 10.furthered　考查动词时态。further作本句谓语,根据时间状语last December可知,用一般过去时。故填furthered。 ●ⅣOne possible version: Green campus week To raise students’ awareness of environmental protection, our school proudly launched Green campus week on April 18th, 2025, which aimed to reduce waste, conserve resources, and inspire eco-friendly habits among students (非限制性定语从句). Throughout the week, various activities were organized, inspiring and motivating students a lot (v.-ing作伴随状语). Classes competed in recycling challenges, while energy-saving tips were shared daily (并列句), with the tree-planting ceremony and DIY workshops highlighting hands-on participation (with复合结构). Over 600 students signed up, actively sorting trash and designing posters to spread green awareness (v.-ing作伴随状语). Not only did this initiative transform campus culture(not only 倒装句), but it also encouraged families and communities to adopt sustainable practices. As the principal stated (定语从句), “Every small effort contributes to a healthier planet.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (限时:35分钟) 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 ●Ⅰ 阅读理解 A [2025·山东省济宁市高三二模] 文体:记叙文　主题:人与自然　词数:320 During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee Lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective: photography is more than taking photos. As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast. Fortunately, the La Nia weather cycle reached Australia, increasing rainfall and causing the continent’s short-lived rivers to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being. I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives. I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames (火焰) when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and fire-fighting equipment was prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that lived inside were unharmed. I love that when people look at the photo, they can concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating Blaze. (　)1.What is the author’s new perception of photography? A.It involves professional skills. B.It should carry deep meanings. C.It requires high-end equipment. D.It should produce beautiful pictures. (　)2.What inspired the author to create Blaze? A.Local environmental changes. B.Traditional Australian farming. C.Scenery of the Menindee Lakes. D.Support from the local authority. (　)3.Which of the following images best illustrates the photo Blaze? A.　B.　C.　D. (　)4.What is the photo Blaze intended to be? A.A means of enhancing artistic taste. B.A strategy to beautify the landscape. C.A call to raise public awareness. D.A window to showcase local culture. B [2025·江西省南昌市高三二模] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:326 James Hansen, the climate scientist best known for warning the US Congress about global warming in the 1980s, has strengthened his message that we are underestimating the climate impact of declining air pollution. “Reducing air pollution is essential for health and environment, but we have to understand its complex relationship with climate change when we used aerosols (气溶胶) to cancel out almost half of greenhouse gas warming,” said Hansen at a United Nations Sustainable Development Network briefing. Record rises in global temperatures in 2023 and 2024 have led to debate about whether global warming is accelerating faster than expected. Hansen and colleagues previously linked this acceleration with reduced air pollution. Now they offer a new analysis suggesting declining air pollution can explain recent temperature increases. Aerosols in air pollution reflect sunlight away from Earth and affect cloud properties. A 2020 shipping regulation controlling sulphur (硫磺) emissions provided critical evidence: in Pacific shipping routes, reduced aerosols allowed 0.5 watts of additional heat per square metre to reach Earth, equal to a decade’s worth of current CO2 emissions. This suggests aerosols previously masked up to half of greenhouse warming. Hansen warns such findings imply climate sensitivity is far higher than estimated, and argues the world is more rapidly approaching climate tipping points. However, many scientists have mixed views. Michael Diamond at Florida State University notes Hansen’s 0.5-watt estimate is “at the extreme edge of plausibility (合理性)”, while NASA’s Gavin Schmidt argues the number is “very likely an overestimate”. A change in aerosols may not even be necessary to explain the temperature rise, says Shiv Priyam Raghuraman at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign—he previously found it can be explained by changes in Pacific Ocean temperatures alone. He says more work is needed to understand the warming effects of aerosols before we put the blame on reduced air pollution. “At least, reducing air pollution remains vital nowadays.” (　)5.What’s Hansen’s warning about? A.The misconception of greenhouse gases. B.The influence of air pollution reduction. C.The necessity of declining air pollution. D.The results of continuing global warming. (　)6.Why does the author mention the 2020 shipping regulation? A.To urge the government to reduce air pollution. B.To stress aerosols’ impact on greenhouse warming. C.To explain the change of present climate. D.To praise the regulations on sulphur emissions. (　)7.What is Michael Diamond’s attitude towards Hansen’s 0.5-watt estimate? A.Supportive. 　　　B.Indistinct. C.Respectful. D.Doubtful. (　)8.What can be inferred about the temperature rise from the last paragraph? A.Further research is demanded. B.Aerosols are the decisive factor. C.Previous studies are ineffective. D.Pacific Ocean temperatures count most. ●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2025·湖北省名校联盟高三第三次联合测评] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:263 Protecting the ecological environment As we all know, the ecological environment is crucial for the survival and development of all life on Earth. It provides us with essential resources such as clean air, fresh water, and rich soil. 1.　　　　   Industrialization has led to increased emissions (排放) of pollutants into the air and water. Factories release large quantities of waste gases and liquids, which not only damage the quality of the air we breathe but also pollute rivers and lakes. 2.　　　　 Vast areas of trees are being cleared for agriculture, logging, and urban expansion. This destroys the habitats of countless species and contributes to soil loss.  3.　　　　 Governments around the world have been passing stricter environmental laws and regulations. These laws are effective in controlling industrial pollution. For example, they set limits on the quantities of pollutants that factories can release and require heavy fines as punishment.  Renewable energy sources are also being increasingly used. Solar and wind energy, in particular, are catching on. 4.　　　　 Renewable energy sources can reduce our dependence on fossil (化石) fuels and lower carbon emissions.  In addition, individuals can also play a vital role in protecting the ecological environment. We can start with simple things in our daily lives, such as saving water and electricity. 5.　　　　 We can also choose to use public transportation or bicycles instead of private cars.  Moreover, raising public awareness of environmental protection is essential. Only when everyone realizes the importance of protecting the ecological environment as well as takes action can we hope to have a sustainable future. A.Deforestation is another major issue. B.This helps to conserve energy and reduce waste. C.Cutting carbon emissions is essential for our welfare. D.After all, their cost may add too much burden to our lives. E.They are clean and sustainable alternatives to traditional energy. F.To address the threats, human beings are urged to take some measures. G.However, human activities have been posing a serious threat to it recently. ●Ⅲ 语法填空 [2025·山东省齐鲁名校教研共同体高三第五次联考] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:232 China has added over 100,000 km2 of wetlands since 2012. This is equal to adding an area the size of London every two years, with its total wetland area now 1.　　　　　　 (amount) to more than 56 million hectares.  This 2.　　　　　　 (restore) is part of China’s broader efforts to recover its wetland ecosystems, 3.　　　　　　 have experienced significant improvements in their ecological conditions—more than 2,200 wetland nature reserves have been established nationwide.  Covering just 6 percent of the Earth’s land surface, wetlands are among the planet’s most 4.　　　　　　 (influence) ecosystems. They provide critical services such as water purification, flood control, and carbon absorption 5.　　　　　　 support 40 percent of all species, including countless plants, fish and migratory birds, according to Max Finlayson, a wetland ecologist.  Mangroves (红树林) are a specific type of wetland found in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. China’s mangrove conservation and recovery efforts have been 6.　　　　　　 (dramatic) successful, with over 8,800 hectares planted and 8,200 hectares restored in the past five years, resulting 7.　　　　　　 a net increase in mangrove coverage. “Now, China’s mangrove area exceeds 300 km2, 8.　　　　　 nearly 40 percent rise since the early 2000s,” an official said at a meeting 9.　　　　　　 (host) by the forestry and grassland administration.  Last December, China 10.　　　　　　 (further) its commitment by establishing the International Mangrove Centre in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, aiming to promote global cooperation in mangrove conservation.  ●Ⅳ 应用文写作 [2025·河南省五市高三二模] 假定你是李华,你校英语社团上周举办了“绿色校园行动周”(Green campus week)。请你以校园小记者的身份为校英文报写一篇新闻报道,内容包括: 1.活动的具体内容; 2.活动的意义。 注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Green campus week                         学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $