选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT（word练习）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习课时作业（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自我”“人与社会”主题，整合不同文体阅读与语法应用，通过精选真题训练提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（记叙文+说明文）|考查细节理解、主旨大意等，主题贴近成长与社会|围绕人物故事与科学贡献，构建“经历—影响—传承”逻辑链，提升思维品质| |阅读七选五|1篇（说明文）|聚焦自我突破策略，考查篇章结构与逻辑衔接|以“突破极限”为主线，衔接动机激发、目标管理等方法，培养学习能力| |语法填空|1篇（新闻报道）|涉及动词时态、非谓语等语法点，主题为建筑成就|结合建筑师事迹，将语法规则与文化背景融合，强化语言运用能力|

选择性必修第一册 Unit 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT ●ⅠA 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者从其榜样——诺贝尔奖得主 J. Michael Bishop 医学博士克服困难、追求科学事业的故事中获得灵感。七年后,作者依然以 Bishop 博士为榜样,用这份精神去帮助自己的学生。 1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD.”可知,作者站在展板边上是为了等机会与Bishop博士交谈。故选D项。 2.D　段落大意题。第二段主要讲述Bishop博士的早年经历。他几乎没有接触过科学,大学时从未想过成为科学家,因缺乏经验被无数实验室拒绝,但他逐渐获得导师的信任,更重要的是学会了相信自己。这些内容共同勾勒出他成为科学家的艰难历程。故选D项。 3.A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self-doubt to pursue a career in science.”可知,作者认为Bishop博士是她的榜样是因为他克服了自我怀疑,实现了他的目标。故选A项。 4.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Seven years after meeting Dr Bishop, I have the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology…guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr Bishop does.”可知,七年后,作者攻读博士学位,其道路与Bishop博士相似:像他一样,指导背景弱势的学生,分享自己的故事。由此推知,作者以Bishop博士为榜样,帮助自己的学生。故选B项。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名美国科普作家撰写的居里夫人传记,主要包括其新视角、组织结构、创作动机、写作特点和亮点。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order, introducing a new player with each chapter.”可知,这本传记中每一章将一种元素与一位科学家结合。故选C项。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography…”可知,居里夫人的卓越成就促使索贝尔撰写这本传记。故选D项。 7.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“But in many of the book’s…motivated Brooks remains an open question.”可知,此处先提到这本传记的写作上存在重科学、轻女性科学家内心世界的特点,再提到哈里特·布鲁克斯的故事,表明其行事背后的动机仍然未知。由此可知,这里提到她的故事是为了说明传记的写作特点。故选C项。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“One of the most touching…women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research.”可知,这一名单让读者知晓居里夫人和其他许多女性为放射性研究付出了巨大代价,为传记增添了情感深度。由此可知,名单起到了画龙点睛的作用。故选C项。 ●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述突破极限需直面阻力,可通过自我激励、挑战自我、日积月累、寻求支持等方法实现成功。 1.G　由上文“If you desire a life of success, you must face the resistance and push yourself beyond the limits.”可知,此处强调突破极限的必要性,空格处说明不这样做的后果,G项“If you don’t do this, your goals and dreams will remain out of reach.”(如果你不这样做,你的目标和梦想将依然遥不可及。)符合语境,this指代前文face the resistance and push yourself beyond the limits,通过反面论证强化行动的重要性,并引出下文建议。故选G。 2.A　由下文“Don’t wait for external motivation to make the first move. Discover your inner motivation!”可知,此段核心为激发内在动力,A项“Motivate yourself.”(自我激励。)符合语境,作为主旨句直接点明段落主题,motivate与后文inner motivation形成呼应,引导读者聚焦自我激励的具体方式。故选A。 3.E　由上文“If you’re not challenging yourself to do bigger and better things regularly, you’re only working within what you already can do.”可知,此处指出不挑战自我的后果,E项“That’s just standing still without making any real progress.”(那只是站着不动,没有取得任何真正的进步。)符合语境,that指代前文working within what you already can do,进一步阐释“不突破”等同于“停滞”,强化挑战自我的必要性。故选E。 4.D　由下文“That is, there is not a day that you don’t work on your big goals, at least a little bit.”可知,此处解释每日坚持的规则,D项“A smart strategy is to follow the ‘No Zero Days’ rule.”(一个聪明的策略是遵循“无零日”规则。)符合语境,No Zero Days直接对应后文“每天至少努力一点”的具体做法。故选D。 5.F　由上文“Find someone who supports you and encourages you to keep going.”可知,此处强调他人支持的重要性,空格处需说明支持的作用,F项“Even small help makes a big difference when facing challenges.”(在面对挑战时,即使是小小的帮助也能带来很大的不同。)符合语境,small help呼应下文的someone to support you,makes a big difference衔接后文“平衡消极思维”的论述,说明支持的实际意义。故选F。 ●Ⅲ【文章大意】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了建筑师刘家琨在周二获得了2025年普利兹克建筑奖,介绍了他的一些个人经历、建筑理念、代表作品以及人们对他获奖的评价。 1.was awarded　考查动词时态和语态。award与主语architect Liu Jiakun之间是被动关系,要使用被动语态,再根据时间状语on Tuesday可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was awarded。 2.after　考查介词。根据making him the second winner from China to earn the highest honour in the field of architecture(使他成为来自中国的第二位获得建筑领域最高荣誉的人)可知,刘家琨是第二位获得该荣誉的中国获奖者,王澍是在2012年获奖的,所以此处使用介词after表示“在……之后”,故填after。 3.consistently　考查副词。此处应填入副词作状语修饰动词refuses,consistent的副词形式是consistently,故填consistently。 4.to remain　考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth为固定短语,意为“选择做某事”,所以此处应填入动词不定式,故填to remain。 5.what　考查名词性从句。本句为包含表语从句的复合句,从句中缺少宾语,且表示“……的事情”,应用连接代词what引导从句,故填what。 6.includes　考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句为包含定语从句的复合句,空处在定语从句中作谓语,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,which(指代the complex)是单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填includes。 7.the　考查冠词。结合名词news后的同位语从句that Liu won the Pritzker Prize(刘家琨获得普利兹克奖)可知,此处特指“刘家琨获得普利兹克奖”这一消息,应用定冠词the,故填the。 8.designed　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词,design与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填designed。 9.relaxation　考查名词。根据空前的介词of可知,此处应填入名词,作宾语,relax的名词形式是relaxation,a precious sense of relaxation意为“一种珍贵的放松感”,故填relaxation。 10.addressing　考查非谓语动词。空白处在句子中作状语,应使用非谓语动词,address“处理,应对”与逻辑主语his works之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填addressing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修第一册 Unit 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT (限时:30分钟) 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 ●Ⅰ 阅读理解 A [2025·山东省日照市高三校际联考] 文体:记叙文　主题:人与自我　词数:338 My legs were starting to ache from standing by my research poster for nearly ten hours. At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD. I’d learnt from other students who had previously participated in the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) that the Nobel laureate walks around from poster to poster to speak with students during the Public Showcase Day. J. Michael Bishop, MD, who was the winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talked about his childhood and how he had hardly been exposed to science. Throughout his college education, he never imagined himself becoming a scientist. He had even been denied entry into countless labs due to a lack of prior experience. He had an ambition to become a scientist, but lacked the guidance to visualize his future career. Over time, he developed relationships with instructors who believed in him. More importantly, he learned how to believe in himself. I found inspiration in Dr Bishop’s goal of becoming a scientist and his willingness to be open and vulnerable—he often gave talks about his own self-doubt. Dr Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self-doubt to pursue a career in science. When Dr Bishop was just inches away from the posters nearest to mine, I ran up to my role model and asked him to come to my poster even if I wasn’t on his list. He was kind enough to spend at least an hour with me, discussing my research and ultimate goal to pursue a PhD. Seven years after meeting Dr Bishop, I have the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology, and my path continues to mirror his. I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students from underrepresented backgrounds through teaching, guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr Bishop does. (　)1.Why did the author stand by her research poster so long? A.To perfect her research poster. B.To conduct her scientific research. C.To participate in the event of ISEF. D.To seek chance to talk to Dr Bishop. (　)2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A.Dr Bishop’s plan for his future career. B.Dr Bishop’s early exposure to science. C.Dr Bishop’s experience in experiments. D.Dr Bishop’s hard path to turning into a scientist. (　)3.Why did the author consider Dr Bishop her role model? A.He overcame self-doubt to achieve his goal. B.He was willing to talk about his vulnerability. C.He worked hard and had strong self-discipline. D.He was a success with a conventional background. (　)4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.The author feels proud of her extraordinary students. B.The author follows Dr Bishop’s example to help her students. C.Teachers sharing their own story impress their students deeply. D.Dr Bishop has a great impact on the author’s research methods. B [2025·山东省潍坊市高三学科素养能力测评] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:286 The world is not short of biographies of Marie Curie, but American science writer Dava Sobel has taken a new approach. In her engaging account of the physicist’s life, she focuses on her legacy (精神) of encouraging other women into science. The book is cleverly structured. Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order, introducing a new player with each chapter. Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography and as motivation to continue her trademark approach to writing about science by highlighting women whose contributions and discoveries remain overlooked—one used convincingly in her earlier book, The Glass Universe. Sobel’s storytelling is inviting and her research is delicately detailed. But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remained unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. What motivated Brooks remains an open question. One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of “radioactivists” simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death—a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research. (　)5.How is Sobel’s biography of Curie structured? A.It compares young scientists’ tough life. B.Each chapter tracks Curie’s major milestones. C.Each chapter combines an element with a scientist. D.It centres on encouraging other women into science. (　)6.What drives Sobel to write Curie’s biography? A.Sobel’s trademark approach. B.Curie’s overlooked discoveries. C.Sobel’s convincing writing style. D.Curie’s remarkable achievements. (　)7.Why is Harriet Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 4? A.To tell a sad story about Curie. B.To highlight the role of Curie’s husband. C.To demonstrate the biography’s writing feature. D.To indicate the vividness of description in the biography. (　)8.What does the “radioactivists” list serve as in Sobel’s biography of Curie? A.A creative clue. B.An extra review. C.A finishing touch. D.An awful ending. ●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2025·四川省巴中市高三三模改编] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自我　词数:282 Push yourselves beyond the limits Limits are blocks between you and your success. You will face great resistance when attempting to break through the limits. It could be fear, lack of confidence, physical disabilities, and mental block. If you desire a life of success, you must face the resistance and push yourself beyond the limits. 1.　　　　 Here are tips for you to succeed.  2.　　　　 Don’t wait for external motivation to make the first move. Discover your inner motivation! It could be a motivational video, articles, TED talks, or quotes. Ensure it is something that fills you with passion and drive to get things done. Inspiration can push you forward.  Take on a little more than you think you can. Pushing past your limits means taking on newer, harder challenges. If you’re not challenging yourself to do bigger and better things regularly, you’re only working within what you already can do. 3.　　　  Work on your goals a little each day. Chances are great that you need to build your empire brick by brick. That takes time and regular effort. 4.　　　　 That is, there is not a day that you don’t work on your big goals, at least a little bit. It can be fifteen minutes dedicated to doing one small thing that will get you closer to that big thing you want to accomplish.  Find someone who supports you and encourages you to keep going. 5.　　　　 Having someone to support you can balance out the impact of any negative thinking that may limit you. It could be a life coach, friend, parent, or your wife or husband. They can help you make the push you need to get out of your comfort zone.  A.Motivate yourself. B.Find what truly excites you. C.Progress comes step by step. D.A smart strategy is to follow the “No Zero Days” rule. E.That’s just standing still without making any real progress. F.Even small help makes a big difference when facing challenges. G.If you don’t do this, your goals and dreams will remain out of reach. ●Ⅲ 语法填空 [2025·河北省部分学校高三三模] 文体:新闻报道　主题:人与社会　词数:246 Architect Liu Jiakun 1.　　　　　　 (award) the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on  Tuesday, making him the second winner from China to earn the highest honour in the field of architecture 2.　　　　　　 Wang Shu in 2012.  Liu, who was born in Chengdu in 1956 and has lived and worked in Sichuan ever since, 3.　　　　　　 (consistent) refuses to join the crowds working in cities, choosing instead 4.　　　　　　 (remain) rooted in Chengdu. Liu’s career spans four decades and over 30 projects.  “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are 5.　　　　　　 we work for,” says Liu.  Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex, which 6.　　　　　　 (include) a football field, a perimeter of paths for cyclists and pedestrians, and a market, is a popular public space and a destination for the residents to spend leisure time.  Hearing 7.　　　　　　 news that Liu won the Pritzker Prize, many netizens who have visited the West Village and the museums 8.　　　　　　 (design) by Liu express that his architecture embodies a precious sense of 9.　　　　　　 (relax), much like the lively city of Chengdu itself.  Wang, the 2012 Pritzker recipient, says that Liu’s winning is encouraging, adding, “His works are very local, yet modern, directly 10.　　　 (address) the challenges facing the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.”  A.词汇积累 1.visualize v. 设想 2.unconventional adj.不因循守旧的;不因袭的 3.underrepresented adj. 代表名额不足的;未被充分代表的 4.milestone n.里程碑;重要事件 5.inviting adj.吸引人的;诱人的 6.output n.输出 7.resistance n. 阻力 8.transformation n.转变 B.熟词生义 1.mirror v. (熟义) 反射 → v. (生义) 与……相似 Seven years after meeting Dr Bishop, I have the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology, and my path continues to mirror his. (阅读A) 【译文】 与毕晓普博士相遇七年后,我有幸攻读癌症生物学博士学位,我的人生道路仍然与他的相似。 2.hang v. (熟义) 悬挂 → v. (生义) 搁置 The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. (阅读B) 【译文】 加拿大物理学家哈里特·布鲁克斯就是一个人生故事被搁置的典型例子。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $