2026年中考人教版(2012)英语深度总结复习be动词的用法（针对七八年级be动词的专题复习）

该初中英语中考复习课件系统覆盖be动词的中考核心考点，包括时态辨析（一般现在/过去时、现在/过去进行时等）、句型转换（否定句、一般/特殊疑问句）及There be/ be going to结构等，通过“变身口诀”梳理形式，按“主系表”“be doing”等功能分类，结合时间标志词分析考点权重，归纳填空、句型转换等常考题型，对接中考考查要求。 课件亮点在于“口诀记忆+标志词定位+分层训练”模式，如用“单数is复数are，过去was/were”口诀强化时态选择，结合“yesterday/now”等标志词分析语境（培养思维品质），设计be doing时态对比练习提升语言能力。通过真题式填空、句型转换训练，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此开展针对性复习，助力学生中考冲刺。

八年级深度探索be动词 一份专为初中生准备的英语语法指南 你有没有试过写英语句子时，突然卡在‘我是’‘他是’‘他们在’该怎么写？ 别担心——这其实是英语里最基础、也最关键的动词：be动词。 它像一根隐形的线，把主语和描述它的信息串在一起。 今天这份指南，专为初中生设计，不讲术语堆砌，只教真正用得上的东西。 1 be动词的形式： am, is, are ：一般现在时，描述现在 was, were：一般过去时，描述过去 现在，我们聚焦be动词最常出现的两种形态： 现在时和过去时。 它们的变化看似简单，但恰恰是日常交流中最容易出错的地方。 2 be动词与主语常见缩写： I am = I’m you are = you’re he is = he’s she is = she’s it is = it’s 注： was与were不能 与主语缩写 现在，我们聚焦be动词最常出现的两种形态： 现在时和过去时。 它们的变化看似简单，但恰恰是日常交流中最容易出错的地方。 3 be动词变身口诀: 我用am 你用are is 连着他、她、它 单数is ,复数are 单数was，复数were 注：主语为不可数，后与is/was 连用。 它就像英语里的‘万能胶’： 既能帮我们说‘我正在吃饭’，也能说出‘窗户被打破了’； 八种形式中，am/is/are/was/were最常用； 更重要的是，它总在主语和描述之间搭一座桥——比如‘She is kind’，‘kind’就是靠它才和‘She’连在一起的。 4 be动词的作用 在“主+系+表” 结构中，使用be动词连接主语和表语， 主语指：被描述的人或物。 表语指：在be动词后面，用来表示人、物的身份、状态、特征或位置的词语。 be动词充当成分：（连）系动词 be动词还有一个温柔的角色： 它不做动作，只负责‘介绍’——把主语和它的身份、状态、位置稳稳连在一起。 5 意义与角色 可以翻译为“是”，也可以不翻译。 扮演“桥梁”角色，连接主语和描述它的词语（如形容词、名词、介词等）。 01 变化形式 ①am, is, are, 表示现在的情况。 ②was, were 表示过去的情况。 我们要根据不同情况选择合适的形式。 02 句子中的位置 ①主语+be+名词: 介绍身份 ②主语+be+形容词:介绍状态 ③主语+be+介词短语: 介绍位置 ④主语+be+动词ing： 介绍正在做什么 ⑤There +be+主语： 介绍存在或有... 03 回顾be动词的用法 它就像英语里的‘万能胶’： 既能帮我们说‘我正在吃饭’，也能说出‘窗户被打破了’； 八种形式中，am/is/are/was/were最常用； 更重要的是，它总在主语和描述之间搭一座桥——比如‘She is kind’，‘kind’就是靠它才和‘She’连在一起的。 6 过去的时间标志词举例： yesterday（昨天） yesterday morning/afternoon（昨天上午/下午） last week / last month / last year（上周/上月/去年） just now（刚才） at that time（在那时） in 2020 在2020年 three days ago（三天前） the day before yesterday（前天） at the age of ten（在十岁时） once（曾经） ...... 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 7 用be动词的不同形式填空。 He ____ at home yesterday afternoon. We ____ walking in the park now. Those books ____ on the desk just now. ____ you happy today? ____ she in the classroom yesterday? My cat ____ small two years ago, but it ____ big now. There ____ a tree behind the house last year, and there ____ many flowers now. I ____ busy every day, I ____ free last weekend. The weather ____ fine today, it ____ rainy yesterday. These pictures ____ beautiful, they ____ not here last month. 答案： was are were Are Was was; is was; are am; was is; was are; were 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 8 be doing时态的深度解析 在“主+be+doing” 结构中，be doing充当谓语成分 am/is/are doing 为现在进行时，表示现在正在做的事情。 was/were doing 为过去进行时，表示在过去的某个时间点 或时间段正在做的事。 be动词还有一个温柔的角色： 它不做动作，只负责‘介绍’——把主语和它的身份、状态、位置稳稳连在一起。 9 现在进行时（am/is/are doing）标志词： 一、表示此时此刻、现阶段正在发生 1. 即刻提示词 now（现在）、right now（此刻） Look!（看！）、Listen!（听！） 2. 现阶段持续（不一定说话瞬间正在做） these days（这些日子）、at present（目前） 例句：Look! They are playing games. 3. 时间状语从句搭配（when/while引导） when someone knocks on the door（当有人敲门的时候） while he is writing（当他写字的时候） 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 10 二、过去进行时（was/were doing）标志词 1. 精确过去时间点 at 8:00 last night（昨晚八点） at this time yesterday（昨天这个时候） then（就在那时） 2. 长时间段 from 7 to 9 yesterday evening（昨晚7点到9点） all day yesterday（昨天一整天） 3. 时间状语从句搭配（when/while引导） when the teacher came in（老师进来的时候） while he was singing（当他唱歌的时候） 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 11 Look! They ____ playing basketball on the playground now. I ____ reading a storybook at 8 o’clock last night. My mother ____ cooking dinner in the kitchen right now. He ____ doing his homework at this time yesterday. The girls ____ dancing when the teacher came in. ____ you listening to music now? ____ she washing clothes at 7 p.m. yesterday? It ____ raining outside now. It ____ raining all morning yesterday. At this moment, my father ____ working. Last Sunday this time, he ____ fishing. Listen! The birds ____ singing in the tree. They ____ singing loudly yesterday morning. be doing的练习。 答案： are was is was were Are Was is; was is; was are; were 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 12 I ____ doing my homework when my mother came back yesterday. Look! They ____ playing football while we ____ reading books now.He ____ sleeping when the telephone rang last night. While you ____ talking, the teacher walked into the classroom just now. Listen! The birds ____ singing while the wind ____ blowing now.（双空） We ____ having a class when it began to rain yesterday afternoon. 时间状语中be doing的练习。 答案： was are; are were are; is were 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 13 There be going to be的深度解析 意为 将会有... There is/are going to be +主语 为一般将来时，表示立足现在，未来将会有..... There was/were going to be +主语 为过去将来时，表示立足过去的某一时间点，描述当时看未来将会有...... be动词还有一个温柔的角色： 它不做动作，只负责‘介绍’——把主语和它的身份、状态、位置稳稳连在一起。 14 There ____ going to be a football match tomorrow. He said there ____ going to be a football match the next day. There ____ going to be two new books on the desk soon. They told us there ____ going to be two new meetings last week. Look! There ____ going to be a heavy rain this afternoon. We knew there ____ going to be a big party the next weekend. ____ there going to be a test next Monday? ____ there going to be a test the next Monday after he said that? There ____ going to be a park here next year. People said there ____ going to be a park here the next year. There ____ going to be many trees in our school soon. The teacher told us there ____ going to be many trees the next term. There be going to be的练习。 答案： is was are were is was Is Was is; was are; were 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 15 be going to do的深度解析 意为 将要发生、或计划要做某事。 在“主+be+going to do” 结构中，be going to do 一起充当谓语成分 am/is/are going to do为一般将来时，表示立足现在，未来将要发生、或计划要做某事。 was/were going to do 为过去将来时，表示立足过去的某一时间点，描述当时看未来将要或计划要做某事。 be动词还有一个温柔的角色： 它不做动作，只负责‘介绍’——把主语和它的身份、状态、位置稳稳连在一起。 16 I ____ going to visit my grandma this weekend. He said he ____ going to finish his homework the next day. They ____ going to have a picnic tomorrow. We ____ going to play basketball when it rained yesterday. Look! It ____ going to rain soon. She told me she ____ going to buy a new book last week. ____ you going to join the English club next term? ____ they going to have a party the day before yesterday? My mother ____ going to cook fish today. Yesterday she said she ____ going to cook chicken. The students ____ going to clean the classroom now. They said they ____ going to clean it the next day. be going to do的练习。 答案： am was are were is was Are Were is; was are; were 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 17 陈述句 总结 ①主语+be+名词: 介绍身份 （翻译为：是） John is my friend.约翰是我的朋友。 ②主语+be+形容词:介绍状态（不翻译） He was short last year. But he is tall now. 他去年个子很低。但他现在个子很高 ③主语+be+介词短语: 介绍位置（不翻译） He is playing football on the playground.他正在操场上踢足球。 ④主语+be+动词ing+...：介绍正在做什么（翻译为：正在） He was drawing in the classroom at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候他在教室里画画。 现在与过去 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 18 陈述句 总结 ⑤There be+主语:介绍存在什么（翻译为：有） There was an art class yesterday. 昨天有一节美术课。 There be going to be+主语：介绍将会有... （be going to 一起翻译为：将会） There is going to be an art competition next week.下一周将会有一场美术竞赛。 ⑥主语+be+going to do...：介绍将要/计划做什么 （be going to 一起翻译为：将要/计划） He is going to take part in the art competition. 他要参加这场美术竞赛。 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 19 否定句：be动词后加not 表示“不.../ 不是...” 提问，是语言活起来的关键一步。 而be动词，正是构成英语疑问句最直接的开关。 20 否定句： be后加not 的缩写形式： is not 缩写为 isn’t， are not缩写为 aren’t was not 缩写为 wasn’t, were not 缩写为weren’t (am not 没有缩写形式) 把以下句子变为否定句。 John is my friend. He was short last year.. He is playing football on the playground. He was drawing in the classroom at this time yesterday. There was an art class yesterday. He is going to take part in an art competition. There is going to be an art competition next week. There were going to be two games tomorrow. 答案： John isn't my friend. He wasn't short last year. He isn't playing football on the playground. He wasn't drawing in the classroom at this time yesterday. There wasn't an art class yesterday. He isn't going to take part in an art competition. There isn't going to be an art competition next week. There weren't going to be two games tomorrow. 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 21 如何利用be动词来提问（一） 学习如何使用be动词构成一般疑问句，并掌握简略回答的方式。 提问，是语言活起来的关键一步。 而be动词，正是构成英语疑问句最直接的开关。 22 01 方法： 将be动词（am/is/are）提到主语之前，句末加问号。 这样的问句叫一般疑问句，意为“是...吗？” 需要用“是”或“否”来回答。 02 举例说明 Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. 03 简略回答 肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + be动词. 否定回答: No, 主语 + be动词 + not. 利用be动词提问的方法 一般疑问句，就是把be动词轻轻往前一挪： ‘Is she your sister?’——位置变了，意思就从陈述变成提问； 回答也极简：Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 不加主语？不行；少个is？不完整——这就是be动词不可替代的语法力量。 23 一般疑问句： 把以下句子变为一般疑问句，并做出肯定和否定回答。 I am a basketball fan. It was very cold last winter. The little dog is behind the door. We are cleaning our classroom right now. You were having breakfast at seven yesterday morning. There were many birds in the tree last year. My grandma is going to plant vegetables in the garden. 答案： Are you a basketball fan? Yes, I am. No, I'm not. 2. Was it very cold last winter? Yes, it was.No, it wasn't. 3. Is the little dog behind the door? Yes, it is.No, it isn't. 4. Are you cleaning your classroom right now? Yes, we are.No, we aren't. 5. Were you having breakfast at seven yesterday morning? Yes, I was.No, I wasn't. 6. Were there many birds in the tree last year? Yes, there were.No, there weren't. 7. Is your grandma going to plant vegetables in the garden? Yes, she is.No, she isn't. 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 24 如何利用be动词来提问（二） 学习如何使用be动词构成特殊疑问句。 提问，是语言活起来的关键一步。 而be动词，正是构成英语疑问句最直接的开关。 25 先用疑问词引导，然后be动词紧随其后，最后加主语和其它。 使用be动词的方法： 注意： be 在主语的前面（与陈述句be在主语后面不同）。 特殊疑问句指： 用特殊疑问词对某个特殊的方面进行提问，不能用是或否来回答。 特殊疑问词有： what什么，when什么时候，who谁（主格），whom谁（宾格），where哪里，whose谁的，why 为什么，how old 几岁，how many多少，how much多少（钱），how long多长/多久，how often 多久一次，how soon多快等等， 特殊疑问句则多了一位‘向导’：what、where、how…… 它们站在句首，后面紧跟着be动词+主语的结构。 ‘How are you?’不是问‘你怎么了’，而是‘你此刻状态如何’； ‘Where is the library?’重点不在‘是’，而在‘哪儿’——be动词在这里，只是让问题成立的必要支点。 26 常用特殊疑问句： How was your vacation? 你的假期怎么样？ 01 What is the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？ 02 What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天的这个时间你在干什么？ 03 特殊疑问句总结：特殊疑问词+be+主语+其它？ 即：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ be动词还撑起几类高频问句： ‘What is he like?’问性格外貌，答‘He is funny.’； ‘Where are they?’问位置，答‘In the park.’； ‘How old is she?’问年龄，答数字就行； 还有‘There is…’——这不是‘有’的直译，而是‘某处存在某物’的地道说法。 27 总结与练习 回顾核心知识点，并通过练习巩固所学， 为灵活运用be动词打下坚实基础。 学到这里，我们该把散落的要点串成一条线了。 最后这部分，不新增知识，只帮你确认：哪些已经会用，哪些还需再练。 28 温故而知新，看看你掌握了多少 be动词形式 am/is/are was/were 01 陈述句 ①主+系+表 be动词连接主语和表语，做连系动词。 ②be+动词ing ③There be+主语 ④be going to do... 02 疑问句构成 ①be动词引导的一般疑问句。 ②特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句+be+主语+其它） 03 否定句 be后加not 04 核心要点回顾 四个核心，缺一不可： am/is/are 和 was/were 的切换要像呼吸一样自然； 它既是助动词（构进行、被动），也是连系动词（连主语与表语）； 疑问句靠它站队，短语靠它扎根； 真正掌握，是你能脱口说出‘She is from Beijing’，而不是先想规则再拼句子。 29 课堂巩固练习 对话1 A: ________________________? B: Yes, I am a new student in Grade Seven. A: ________________________? B: My English teacher is Ms. Wang. 对话2 A: How was your weekend? B: ________________________. It was great fun. A: ________________________? B: The park was quiet and beautiful. 答案： 对话1 Are you a new student? Who is your English teacher? 对话2 It was wonderful. How was the park? 练习不是为了对错，而是为了手感： 填空练变化，转换练逻辑，提问练反应，创作练表达； 哪怕只写出三句关于朋友的话——‘He is tall. He is kind. He is at school.’—— 你已经在用be动词，构建属于自己的英语世界。 30 课堂巩固练习 用be动词适当形式填空。 Tom 1.____ a middle school student now. He 2.____ interested in travelling very much. Last month, he told me he 3.____ going to take a trip. Tomorrow they will set off. There 4.____ going to be three foreign friends who will go with him. They 5.____ his pen pals. These foreign friends 6.____ in China now, but they 7.____ in London five years ago. At this time yesterday, Tom 8.____ preparing gifts for them carefully. He thinks it 9.____ great fun to travel with foreign friends. 10.____ life always full of surprises for Tom? 答案： is is was are are are were was is Is 练习不是为了对错，而是为了手感： 填空练变化，转换练逻辑，提问练反应，创作练表达； 哪怕只写出三句关于朋友的话——‘He is tall. He is kind. He is at school.’—— 你已经在用be动词，构建属于自己的英语世界。 31 谢谢观看 今天我们拆解了be动词的骨架，也看见它如何撑起整个英语表达。 记住：它不炫技，但不可或缺； 不复杂，但必须扎实。 谢谢大家，欢迎随时提问！ 32 $