期末模拟题 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦真实生活情境与核心素养，覆盖八年级下册语法（过去进行时、连词if/while等）和话题（安全、情感、文化），梯度设计适配期末综合评估。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |单项选择|15题|时态（过去进行时）、连词（if/while）、形容词（stressed）|基础语法与日常交际结合| |完形填空|10题|动词短语（get off）、上下文理解|以手机使用引发事故为情境，渗透安全意识| |阅读理解|4篇|厨房火灾/洪水安全、中国地貌、个人经历|整合社会热点（安全防护）与文化传承（地貌介绍）| |任务型阅读|5题|信息提取、情感词汇|引入科技素材（Feel Now APP），培养思维品质| |短文填空|10空|词性转换（deep→deeper）、固定搭配（act as）|围绕“助人”主题，提升语言运用能力| |书面表达|1题|书籍介绍与理由阐述|结合阅读体验，考察综合语言输出|

期末模拟题 2025-2026学年初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下学期 一、单项选择 1．—What do you usually do to relax in your spare time?   —I usually ________ music or read books. A．listen to B．hear C．sound D．listen 2．When I feel ________ , I usually chat with my parents. A．relax B．relaxed C．stressful D．stressed 3．You can do it better ________ you are more careful next time. A．until B．if C．because D．before 4．— Peter, I can’t hear you over the loud music. — Well, I will speak a little ________ so that you can hear me. A．most quietly B．loudest C．more quietly D．louder 5．—What’s the biggest ________ you’ve faced in junior high school? —Learning to live away from my parents. A．challenge B．hobby C．dream D．plan 6．—Have you ________ thought about what you want to be in the future? —Yes, I have ________ decided to be a teacher. A．ever; already B．yet; ever C．already; yet D．ever; yet 7．— What were people doing when Tangshan earthquake happened? — Most people________ at the time of the earthquake, because it was midnight. A．sleep B．slept C．sleeping D．were sleeping 8．—Why do you feel so sleepy now, Bob?   —Sorry, Mr John. I ________ on the plane at this time yesterday and I arrived in our city this morning. A．travel B．traveled C．was traveling D．will travel. 9．________ my mother was cooking, I was watching the news about the storm. A．Until B．While C．Since D．As soon as 10．The ground ________ strongly and all the windows broke suddenly. A．shakes B．shook C．is shaking D．has shaken 11．The dress is ________ beautiful ________ I want to buy it at once. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．such; that 12．—Mum, I got first prize in the English contest! —That’s really ________. I am so ________ at you. A．surprised; surprising B．surprising; surprised C．embarrassed; embarrassing D．embarrassing; embarrassed 13．—________ you ever read Journey to the West? —Yes, I ________ it last summer vacation. A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Have; have read D．Do; read 14．—I have never read Treasure Island. —________. Let’s read it together this weekend. A．So have I B．Neither have I C．So I have D．Neither I have 15．Our teacher encourages us ________ part in more social activities during the summer vacation. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 二、完形填空 It was 6:00 p. m. already. Mr Miller was driving to No. 9 Middle School to pick up his son, Bob. Then he was in 16 . Kate, a girl from the school, was walking home. She likes 17 stories on the phone when she is walking. Bad habit! The story was so interesting that she didn’t 18 the traffic lights turn red. Mr Miller drove fast, because school was over at 5:30 p. m. He was already 19 . Suddenly, Mr Miller’s phone was ringing. It must be Bob. So he tried to 20 the phone. He didn’t see Kate crossing the road. His car 21 her. Kate was lying on the road. Her leg was broken, and she lost a lot of blood (血). Mr Miller hurt his arms. Another car stopped right away. A man and a woman 22 . They bandaged (包扎) Kate and helped Mr Miller out of the 23 . Then they called 120 and the doctors came 24 . They took Mr Miller and Kate to the 25 and they were fine in the end. “No phones on the road again!” Kate’s parents told her. “No phones when driving!” Mr Miller told himself. 16．A．difference B．trouble C．degree D．experience 17．A．following B．offering C．reading D．training 18．A．notice B．listen C．cause D．improve 19．A．glad B．careless C．pale D．late 20．A．answer B．prepare C．produce D．imagine 21．A．dropped B．hid C．hit D．warned 22．A．looked up B．got off C．set up D．turned off 23．A．bus B．train C．plane D．car 24．A．beautifully B．usually C．quickly D．clearly 25．A．hospital B．museum C．government D．restaurant 三、阅读理解 Most house fires start in the kitchen. They often happen when someone is careless while cooking. Throwing water on oil can make the fire more terrible! Many people get burned when they try to put out cooking fires. The most important rule to remember about fire is to get help. Children should never try to put out a fire. They should ask an adult for help. If no one is at home, children should call 119 for help. The fire police will tell the caller where to go and what to do until help arrives. Now you know how to stay safe if you have a fire in your kitchen. However, you should also know how to prevent such a fire from happening. Here are some suggestions: 1. The cook should not leave the kitchen while cooking. 2. The cook should make sure that the cooking surfaces are clean before turning on the heat. 3. The cook should clear the cooking area of anything that could catch on fire. 4. The cook should wear appropriate (适当的) clothing. 26．Which part of the house catches fire easily? A．The kitchen. B．The bedroom. C．The dining room. D．The bathroom. 27．What should children do when the fire is happening? A．Try to put out the fire. B．Ask their friends for help. C．Ask an adult or call 119 for help. D．Call 911 for help. 28．How to prevent a fire from happening? A．Don’t leave the kitchen when you are cooking. B．Make sure that the cooking surfaces are clean before turning on the heat. C．Clear the cooking area of anything that could catch on fire, and don’t wear the clothing that catches fire easily. D．All of the above. 29．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Throw some water on the fire when the fire is happening in the kitchen. B．Everyone should put out the fire at once when they are cooking. C．The cook could leave the house if cooking takes a long time. D．The cook should clear the cooking area of anything that could catch on fire. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to put out the fire. B．How to prevent the fire from happening. C．Fire in the kitchen. D．What should children do when the fire is happening. When I was 14, my parents told me I could go on a trip to my grandma’s village alone. I was excited but also a little nervous. It was the first time I had traveled by myself. On the day of the trip, my dad took me to the bus station. He gave me some money and told me to call him when I arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat. At first, I looked out of the window and watched the scenery pass by. But soon, I felt bored and started talking to a woman sitting next to me. She was a teacher and told me interesting stories about her students. When the bus arrived at the village, I got off and looked around. I didn’t see my grandma. I started to worry. Then I remembered my dad’s words and called him. He told me grandma was on her way. Ten minutes later, I saw grandma walking towards me with a big smile. During my stay in the village, I helped grandma do housework. I learned how to cook local food and feed chickens. I also made friends with some kids in the village. We played games and explored the hills together. When it was time to go home, I felt sad but also proud of myself. I had traveled alone and learned many new things. This trip taught me that growing up means being brave and independent. 31．Why was the writer nervous before the trip? A．Because he had never traveled alone. B．Because he didn’t know the way to the village. C．Because his grandma wouldn’t meet him. D．Because he was afraid of taking the bus. 32．Who did the writer talk with on the bus? A．His dad. B．A teacher. C．His grandma. D．Some kids. 33．What did the writer do during his stay in the village? A．He only played games with friends. B．He learned to cook local food. C．He didn’t help grandma with housework. D．He explored the city with friends. 34．How did the writer feel when he went home? A．Only sad. B．Only excited. C．Sad but proud. D．Nervous but happy. 35．What did the writer learn from this trip? A．Traveling alone is dangerous. B．Growing up means being brave and independent. C．He should never travel alone again. D．Grandma’s village is boring.                                Have you ever wondered what makes up the beautiful face of our country? China is a vast land with various landscapes (地貌), from high mountains to deep rivers. According to recent geographical data, we can divide China’s natural landscape into several main types. The following chart and text show us the proportion (比例) of each type. Mountains cover about one-third of China’s land area. They are mostly located in the western and central parts of the country. Famous ranges like the Himalayas and the Kunlun Mountains act as natural barriers. These areas are rich in forests and minerals. Plateaus (26%) Plateaus take up more than a quarter of the land. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known as the “Roof of the World.” It is the highest plateau in the world and is home to many unique animals like yaks and antelopes. The climate here is cold and dry, but the scenery is breathtaking. Basins (19%) Basins are low areas surrounded by mountains or hills. In the northwest of China, basins like the Tarim Basin contain large deserts. However, at the foot of the mountains around these basins, you can find green oases where people grow sweet grapes and melons. Plains (12%) Although plains cover only 12% of the land, they are extremely important. Most of China’s population lives here because the land is flat and fertile. Major rivers like the Yangtze and the Yellow River flow through these plains, providing water for farming and daily life. Deserts & Others (10%) The remaining 10% includes deserts, Gobi, and swamp lands. The Taklamakan Desert is the largest desert in China. While these areas seem empty, they hold valuable energy resources like oil and natural gas. 36．Which type of landscape covers the largest area in China according to the chart? A．Plains B．Basins C．Plateaus D．Mountains 37．Why do most people live on the plains? A．Because it is close to the deserts. B．Because the weather is always cool there. C．Because the land is flat and good for farming. D．Because there are many forests and minerals. 38．What can we infer about the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the text? A．It is the lowest place in China. B．It has the largest population in China. C．It is a good place to grow sweet grapes. D．It has a special environment for wild animals. 39．Which of the following statements is TRUE about basins? A．They cover 26% of China’s land. B．They are all covered by sand and stones. C．There are no rivers flowing through basins. D．People can find oases near the mountains in basins. 40．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain why deserts are important for energy. B．To compare the climate of mountains and plains. C．To encourage people to travel to the west of China. D．To introduce the different types of landscapes in China. Being caught in a flood is quite dangerous. Floodwater moves quickly and it is known to pull trees out of the ground, wash away buildings and cause bridges to break down. Of course, drowning is a danger during a flood, not only because there is so much water and it is moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Pieces of glass, bricks and metal caught in the moving water can hurt anyone in the floodwater, making it more difficult to swim or walk through water. Moreover, floods can cause power cuts, traffic jams and wide destruction (毁灭). The flood itself isn’t the only thing to deal with. The things after the flood can be just as difficult, because it may not be possible to send basic supplies such as food and drinking water to the area. So how can we protect ourselves during the flood? Here are some tips for you: 1. Listen to the official radio broadcasts. If you are told to move to a safer place, do so. 2. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters. It only takes 15 centimetres of moving water to knock a person off his or her feet. 3. Stay away from ▲ , as they are often knocked down during strong storms and flooding. They can cause water all around to become charged (带电的), leading to people’s deaths because the power isn’t cut off. After the flood, do not drink the floodwater or use it to wash dishes. Drink clean and safe water. If you move from your home, return to it only after the local government has said it is safe to do so. 41．Where is the text most probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A movie poster. C．A science report. D．A local newspaper. 42．Which of the following doesn’t make drowning a great danger during a flood? A．There is so much water. B．The water is moving very fast. C．Some of the people are not good at swimming. D．The floodwater carries pieces of glass, bricks and metal. 43．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．fallen trees B．power lines C．hard rocks D．broken houses 44．What do we know about floods according to the text? A．After the flood, it is easy for us to send basic supplies to the area. B．15 centimetres of floodwater isn’t strong enough to knock people down. C．If you are a good swimmer, you can swim across the floodwater safely. D．Floods can cause a lot of problems not only during the flood but also after the flood. 45．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell us what causes the flood. B．To tell us how dangerous the flood is. C．To tell us how to stop floods from happening. D．To introduce the danger of floods and give advice on how to protect ourselves. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Do you know how you feel today? Sometimes it’s hard to tell. That’s why two 17-year-olds, Tara Verma and Siena Pradhan, from the US, made an app called Feel Now. Feel Now is a free app and people can use it on their phones. The app helps users think about and understand their feelings. They get a message each day. It asks them to choose a feeling. The users pick one from six feelings: happy, peaceful, angry, sad, bored and scared. Then the app breaks down (分解) each one into ten feelings. For example, it breaks down “scared” into “worried” and nine other feelings. The users can also say how strong the feeling is, such as “a little” or “very”. Aditi, 14, is one of the users. She uses Feel Now and finds a feeling she didn’t know about. She might worry about a test more than she thought. And then she does something to make herself feel better. Some people think Feel Now could be more useful if it works with other apps. But Tara and Siena think the simple app is more helpful. “I think the simpler it is, the more people will use it,” Tara said. 46．What can Feel Now help people? 47．How many feelings can the app break down each feeling into? 48．What does Aditi do after knowing her feeling? 49．What do Tara and Siena think of the app? 50．Do you want to try Feel Now? Why or why not? 五、短文填空 As the saying goes, “Helping others is helping ourselves.” Mr. Wang helps students see the 51 (deep) meaning of helping others. He uses the “lost and found” as an example. Students often forget and lose things. These small “losses” can bring big trouble. 52 (solve) this problem, the school set up a lost‑and‑found station. It acts 53 a bridge between losers and finders. With 54 (practice) ways, students who lose things can register online. Volunteers in the station act 55 (volunteer), give their free time. When an item is 56 (success) found, it’s not just a simple recovery. It also builds 57 (care) connections. The loser learns responsibility, and the helper learns to be patient. In this process, many 58 (gentleman) and ladies show up. Their actions show the spirit of kindness. All the small acts 59 (do) make our school better, always 60 (remind) us that helping others matters. 六、书面表达 61．题目：My Favourite Good Read 要求： 1. 介绍你最喜欢的一本书(书名、类型)； 2. 简单讲述故事大意，说明喜欢的理由(至少两点)； 3. 字数80–100词，语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A D B D A A D C B B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C B A B C B C A D A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C B D C A A C D D C 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 A B B C B D C D D D 题号 41 42 43 44 45 答案 D C B D D 1．A 句意：——你通常在空闲时间做什么来放松？——我通常听音乐或看书。 listen to听，后接宾语；hear听见；sound听起来；listen听，不及物动词。根据“I usually…music or read books.”可知，此处表示“听音乐”。固定搭配listen to music。hear强调听的结果，sound意为“听起来”，均不符合语境。应填listen to。 2．D 句意：当我感到有压力时，我通常和父母聊天。 relax放松；relaxed感到放松的；stressful令人有压力的；stressed感到有压力的。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，主语是I，表示人的感受，排除A和C。根据后半句“通常和父母聊天”可知是遇到压力寻求倾诉，应用stressed。 3．B 句意：如果你下次更细心一点，你就能做得更好。 until直到；if如果；because因为；before在……之前。根据“you are more careful next time”可知，此处表示假设条件，意为“如果”，应用if引导条件状语从句。应填if。 4．D 句意：——彼得，音乐太吵了我听不见你说话。——好吧，我会说得更大声一点，以便你能听见我。 most quietly最安静地；loudest最大声地；more quietly更安静地；louder更大声地。根据“I can’t hear you over the loud music”可知环境嘈杂听不清，需要提高音量，排除A、C；又因a little修饰比较级，表示“稍微……一点”，此处指比现在声音大一些，应用比较级，排除最高级B。 5．A 句意：——你在初中面临的最大挑战是什么？——学会离开父母生活。   challenge挑战；hobby爱好；dream梦想；plan计划。根据答语“学会离开父母生活”可知，这是一件困难的事情，是需要克服的挑战，故选用challenge。 6．A 句意：——你曾经想过未来想成为什么吗？——是的，我已经决定成为一名老师了。 ever常用于疑问句，表示“曾经”；already常用于肯定句，表示“已经”；yet常用于否定句或疑问句句末。第一空所在句为疑问句，询问是否曾经有过想法，用ever；第二空所在句为肯定句，表示动作已经完成，用already。 7．D 句意：—— 唐山地震发生时人们正在做什么？—— 地震发生时大多数人都在睡觉，因为当时正值午夜。 问句使用过去进行时提问过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，答句时态要保持一致，主语most people是复数，be动词用were，搭配现在分词sleeping，应填were sleeping。 8．C 句意：——鲍勃，你现在为什么这么困？ ——抱歉，约翰老师。昨天这个时候我正在飞机上旅行，今天早上才抵达本市。 时间状语“at this time yesterday”是过去进行时标志，表达过去某一具体时刻正在发生的动作，主语I对应be动词was，应填was traveling。 9．B 句意：当我的妈妈正在做饭时，我正在看关于暴风雨的新闻。 Until直到……为止；While当……时候；Since自从……；As soon as 一……就……。根据“my mother was cooking”和“I was watching”可知，前后两个动作都是过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在同时进行的动作，应用“While”引导时间状语从句。 10．B 句意：地面剧烈摇晃，所有的窗户突然都碎了。 shake摇晃，选项是它的各种形式。shakes一般现在时，第三人称单数；shook过去式；is shaking现在进行时；has shaken现在完成时，第三人称单数。根据“broke”可知是一般过去时，“and”前后时态一致，应填“shook”。 11．C 句意：这条连衣裙如此漂亮以至于我想立刻买下它。 too...to太……以至于不能，后接动词原形；enough...to足够……去做某事，本结构中形容词位于enough之前；such...that如此……以至于，本结构中such后接名词短语；so...that如此……以至于，本结构中so后接形容词或副词，that后接从句。beautiful为形容词且后接完整从句“I want to buy it at once”可知，应填so...that。 12．B 句意：——妈妈，我英语竞赛拿了一等奖！——这太令人惊喜了。我真是太惊讶了。 surprising令人惊讶的；surprised感到惊讶；embarrassed感到尴尬的；embarrassing令人尴尬的。第一空，主语that指代获奖这件事，对获奖应该是感到惊讶，用surprising修饰事物；第二空，主语I是人，“be surprised at sb.”意为“对某人感到惊讶”，因此应用surprised。 13．A 句意：——你曾经读过《西游记》吗？——是的，我去年暑假读的。 第一空根据关键词“ever”可知，强调过去的经历对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语是you，助动词用Have；第二空根据时间状语“last summer vacation”可知，是明确的过去时间，应用一般过去时，read的过去式仍是read。 14．B 句意：——我从未读过《金银岛》。——我也没读过。我们这个周末一起读吧。 So have I用于肯定情况，表示“我也一样（做过某事）”；Neither have I用于否定情况，表示“我也没（做过某事）”；So I have表示“确实如此（强调前面所说情况是真的）”；Neither I have表达错误。上句说“我从没读过《金银岛》”，是否定情况，下句表示“我也没读过”，所以用Neither have I。 15．C 句意：我们的老师鼓励我们在暑假期间参加更多的社会活动。 根据固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”可知，此处应用动词不定式作宾补。 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 本文讲述了米勒先生开车接儿子和女孩凯特走路时因看手机引发交通事故，幸得路人救助，事后双方反思的故事。 16．句意：然后他遇到了麻烦。 根据下文发生交通事故的情节，可知他陷入了“麻烦”。应选用trouble，in trouble为固定搭配，意为“处于困境中”。其他选项代入语境不通顺。 17．句意：她喜欢在走路时用手机看故事。 根据“stories on the phone”可知，此处指在手机上看故事，reading“阅读”符合逻辑。其他选项与故事搭配不当。 18．句意：故事太有趣了，以至于她没有注意到交通灯变红了。 根据“traffic lights turn red”及下文车祸可知，她没“注意到”红灯。notice符合语境。listen后常接 to，cause和improve 语意不符。 19．句意：他已经迟到了。 根据“school was over at 5:30 p. m.”和现在6:00可知，时间已过，他“迟到”了。late符合语境。其他选项不符合时间逻辑。 20．句意：所以他想办法接电话。 根据“phone was ringing”可知，电话响了要“接”。应选用answer，answer the phone是固定搭配。其他选项不符合打电话场景。 21．句意：他的车撞了她。 根据“Kate was lying on the road”及车祸语境，可知车“撞了”她。hit符合语境。其他选项无法导致受伤躺下的结果。 22．句意：一男一女下了车。 根据“Another car stopped”及后文救助行为，可知他们从车里出来，即“下车”。got off符合逻辑。其他选项不符合救人场景。 23．句意：他们把凯特包扎好，并把米勒先生从车里救了出来。 根据上文“Mr Miller was driving”可知，他驾驶的是“小汽车”。car符合语境。其他交通工具与语境不符。 24．句意：然后他们拨打了120，医生很快赶到了。 根据急救常识及“called 120”，医生赶到应该是“快速地”。quickly符合逻辑。其他选项不符合急救情境。 25．句意：他们把米勒先生和凯特送到了医院。 根据受伤流血及医生救治可知，目的地是“医院”。hospital符合逻辑。take sb. to the hospital“送某人去医院”，是急救固定场景。其他场所无法进行治疗。 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．D 30．C 本文主要讲述了大多数家庭火灾始于厨房，遇到火灾最关键的是寻求帮助，但同时也需要知道如何预防火灾。 26．第一段指出“Most house fires start in the kitchen.”，家庭火灾通常发生在厨房。 27．第二段指出“Children should never try to put out a fire. They should ask an adult for help. If no one is at home, children should call 119 for help. The fire police will tell the caller where to go and what to do until help arrives.”，小孩在面对火灾时应找成人或者打119帮忙。 28．根据“1. The cook should not leave the kitchen while cooking. 2. The cook should make sure that the cooking surfaces are clean before turning on the heat. 3. The cook should clear the cooking area of anything that could catch on fire. 4. The cook should wear appropriate clothing.”，可知预防火灾的建议：做饭时不应该离开厨房；开火之前确保烹饪台面的洁净；清理做饭区域易着火的东西；穿适当的衣服。故选D。 29．根据第3条建议“The cook should clear the cooking area of anything that could catch on fire.”，应清理做饭区域易着火的东西。 30．文章主要讲述了家庭火灾的起源通常在厨房，以及如何预防和面对火灾，C选项概括准确。 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．B 本文讲述了作者14岁时第一次独自去奶奶家村庄旅行的经历及感悟。 31．第一段提到“It was the first time I had traveled by myself”，说明作者之所以感到紧张，是因为以前从未独自旅行过。 32．第二段提到“But soon, I felt bored and started talking to a woman sitting next to me. She was a teacher”，说明作者在公交车上和一位老师交谈。 33．第四段提到“I learned how to cook local food and feed chickens”，说明作者在村庄期间学会了做当地食物。 34．最后一段提到“When it was time to go home, I felt sad but also proud of myself”，说明作者回家时既难过又自豪。 35．最后一句提到“This trip taught me that growing up means being brave and independent”，说明作者从这次旅行中学到了成长意味着勇敢和独立。 36．D 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．D 本文主要介绍了中国五种主要地貌类型（山地、高原、盆地、平原、沙漠及其他）的占比、分布及特点。 36．根据图表及第一段描述，山脉（Mountains）占比约33%（约三分之一），高原占26%，盆地占19%，平原占12%，沙漠及其他占10%。因此山脉覆盖面积最大。 37．文章“Plains (12%)”部分第二句“Most of China’s population lives here because the land is flat and fertile.”指出，大多数中国人居住在平原上，因为土地平坦且肥沃。 38．文章“Plateaus (26%)”部分第三句“It is the highest plateau in the world and is home to many unique animals like yaks and antelopes.”指出，青藏高原是世界上最高的高原，是许多独特动物的家园。因此可以推断它拥有适合野生动物的特殊环境。 39．文章“Basins (19%)”部分第二、三句“In Northwest of China, basins like the Tarim Basin contain large deserts. However, at the foot of the mountains around these basins, you can find green oases...”指出，在盆地周围的山脚下可以找到绿洲。 40．文章第一段最后一句“The following chart and text show us the proportion of each type.”以及下文分别介绍山地、高原、盆地、平原、沙漠及其他人，可知本文的主要目的是介绍中国不同类型的地貌。 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．D 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洪水带来的各类危险，并给出了洪水期间及灾后的自我保护建议。 41．本文主要介绍了洪水的危害以及普及防灾自救知识，这类内容最可能出现在当地报纸上。 42．第二段指出“not only because there is so much water and it is moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Pieces of glass, bricks and metal...”，文中提到溺水危险的三点原因：水量大、水流快、水里夹杂玻璃/砖块/金属，并未提到 “有人不擅长游泳”。 43．第三点建议中的描述指出“cause water all around to become charged ”，能使水带电的物体通常是电力设施，结合选项可知是电线。 44．第三段“The flood itself isn’t the only thing to deal with. The things after the flood can be just as difficult...”可知，洪水不仅在期间会造成问题，灾后也会造成很多困难。 45．本文前半部分介绍了洪水的危险性，后半部分“So how can we protect ourselves during the flood? Here are some tips for you”提出了洪水期间及灾后的自我保护建议。 46．The app helps users think about and understand their feelings. 47．Ten./10. 48．She does something to make herself feel better. 49．More helpful. 50．Yes, I do. I think the simple app is more helpful. (答案不唯一) 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款名为Feel Now的应用程序，它帮助青少年识别和理解自己的情感。 46．根据“The app helps users think about and understand their feelings.”可知，这个应用程序帮助用户思考和理解他们的感受。故填The app helps users think about and understand their feelings. 47．根据“Then the app breaks down (分解) each one into ten feelings.”这个应用程序将每种感觉分解成十种。故填Ten./10. 48．根据“She might worry about a test more than she thought. And then she does something to make herself feel better.”可知，她做了一些事情让自己感觉好些。故填She does something to make herself feel better. 49．根据“But Tara and Siena think the simple app is more helpful.”可知，塔拉和Siena认为这个简单的应用程序更有用。故选More helpful. 50．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考回答：Yes, I do. I think the simple app is more helpful. 51．deeper 52．To solve 53．as 54．practical 55．voluntarily 56．successfully 57．caring 58．gentlemen 59．done 60．reminding 本文围绕“帮助别人就是帮助自己”这一观点，讲述了王老师以“失物招领”为例，阐述帮助他人的深层意义，包括学校设立失物招领站的作用、失物招领过程中带来的积极影响以及体现出的善良精神等。 51．句意：王老师帮助学生看到帮助他人的更深层意义。根据语境可知，此处指帮助他人的更深层意义，应用deep的比较级deeper。 52．句意：为了解决这个问题，学校设立了一个失物招领站。根据“...this problem, the school set up a lost‑and‑found station.”可知，学校设立失物招领站的目的是解决问题，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，且位于句首，首字母要大写，故填To solve。 53．句意：它充当了失主和拾到者之间的桥梁。根据“acts...a bridge”可知，此处是短语act as“充当，担任”。 54．句意：用实用的方法，丢了东西的学生可以在网上登记。根据“ways”可知，此处应用practice的形容词practical“实用的”，修饰名词ways。 55．句意：失物招领站的志愿者们自愿贡献他们的空闲时间。根据“give their free time”可知，志愿者们是自愿贡献时间，此处应用volunteer的副词形式voluntarily“自愿地”，修饰动词act。 56．句意：当一件物品被成功找到时，这不仅仅是一次简单的找回。根据“found”可知，此处应用success的副词successfully“成功地”，修饰动词found。 57．句意：它也建立了关怀的联系。根据“connections”可知，此处应用care的形容词caring“关怀的”，修饰名词connections。 58．句意：在这个过程中，出现了许多绅士和淑女。根据“many...and ladies”可知，此处指许多绅士，many后接可数名词复数，gentleman的复数形式为gentlemen。 59．句意：所有所做的这些小事都让我们的学校变得更好，总是提醒我们帮助别人很重要。根据“All the small acts...make our school better.”可知，此处指所有被做的小事，应用do的过去分词done作后置定语，修饰acts。 60．句意：所有所做的这些小事都让我们的学校变得更好，总是提醒我们帮助别人很重要。根据“All the small acts...make our school better”可知，此处指小事总是提醒我们帮助别人很重要，应用现在分词reminding作伴随状语。 61．例文 My Favourite Good Read My favourite good read is The Old Man and the Sea, a famous literary novel. It tells a story about an old fisherman. He fights bravely against a big fish on the sea though he meets lots of difficulties. Finally, he comes back with his strong will. I love this book for two reasons. First, it teaches me never to give up when I am in trouble. Second, the simple but powerful words touch me deeply. I learn to be brave and keep trying from it. I hope more students can read this great book. 写作步骤   [第一步：审题立意]   确定文体：说明文，全文以一般现在时为主 明确要点：①书名+书籍类型；②故事简要梗概；③至少两点喜欢本书的理由；④号召其他同学阅读 确定人称：第一人称(I)；第三人称(He/It) 注意事项：无需出现人名、校名等隐私信息，语句地道连贯，语法无误，词数80—100词 [第二步：构思布局]   三段式结构：   开头段：开门见山，点明最喜欢的书目名称以及书籍体裁，总起全文。 主体段：分层表述——第一层简述全书故事主线；第二层分两点逐条说明喜爱这本书的具体原因 结尾段：升华感悟，推荐其他同学阅读本书，收束全文 [第三步：要点展开]   要点一：书籍基础信息 书名：The Old Man and the Sea /Jane Eyre/The Adventures of Tom Sawyer等 书籍类型：famous literary novel/world-famous classic/short story novel/masterpiece等   要点二：故事大意 故事经过：an old fisherman… /struggle bravely with… /face countless troubles…/fight against the big marlin… /go through hardships …/hold on to his strong will… /return to the shore safely…等   要点三：要喜欢本书的两条理由 精神层面：never give up easily /get through troubles/stay firm in hard times /build up my perseverance等 文字层面：simple but powerful language /plain yet meaningful expressions /elegant wording/move me to tears等 要点四：个人感悟 收获：learn to be brave/stick to trying continuously /gain spiritual strength等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $