专题05 祈使句、therebe 句型&特殊疑问句-【暑假逆袭】2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦祈使句、there be句型及特殊疑问句三大核心语法点，通过讲练结合、难点突破与真题演练，系统构建语法规则体系，提升语言应用能力与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |精讲精练|3考点各2题型（填空/单选）|讲练结合，梳理关键考点|从基本结构（肯定/否定/疑问）到变式应用| |难点突破|3考点各4项核心规则|突出重难点，提炼易错规则（如祈使句动词原形、there be就近原则）|聚焦易错点，构建规则体系| |真题演练|综合40题+中考真题10题|真题应用，强化考点迁移|综合应用，对接中考命题趋势|

新八年级衔接 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 专题05 祈使句、therebe 句型&特殊疑问句（新教材人教版） 七升八年级暑假特训（复习专题） 班级 姓名 学号 内 容 提 要 内 容 提 要 精讲精练 讲练结合，梳理关键考点 难点突破 突出重难点，提升能力 真题演练 感受真题，增强自信心 ------------------------------精讲精练------------------------------ 考点一：祈使句 一、 知识精讲 句式分类 核心用法规则 例句 肯定祈使句 以动词原形开头，用于表达命令、请求、建议 Please open the window and keep the room fresh. 否定祈使句 Don’t + 动词原形，表禁止、不要做某事 Don’t run in the classroom, it’s very dangerous. Let型祈使句 Let sb. do sth. 表让某人做某事，后接动词原形 Let us finish our homework before watching TV. Please用法 可放句首或句末，句末需加逗号，表委婉请求 Help me carry the box, please. 二、习题精练 题型一：用所给动词正确形式填空 1. _________ (open) your books and read after me. 2. _________ (not, be) late for school again. 3. Let me _________ (help) you with your English study. 4. _________ (hurry) up, or you will miss the early bus. 5. Please _________ (keep) quiet in the library. 题型二：单项选择 1. _________ noisy in the reading room. A. Don’t B. Not be C. Don’t be D. Not 2. Let’s _________ a walk in the park after dinner. A. take B. to take C. taking D. takes 3. _________ carefully, and you will get good grades. A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studies 4. _________ play football on the road. It’s dangerous. A. Not B. Don’t C. No D. Can’t 5. Please _________ me your new pen. I want to have a look. A. show B. to show C. showing D. shows 考点二：There be句型 一、 知识精讲 句式类型 核心用法规则 完整例句 肯定句 There is+单数/不可数名词；There are+复数名词 There is some water in the bottle on the desk. 否定句 be动词后加not，some需改为any There aren’t any students in the classroom now. 一般疑问句 be动词提前，some改any，答语用there回答 Is there a book on your schoolbag? 就近原则 多个名词并列，be动词由最近的名词单复数决定 There is a pen and two rulers in my pencil-box. 二、习题精练 题型一：用is/are/was/were填空 1. _________ there a pair of shoes under the bed? 2. There _________ many beautiful flowers in our garden every spring. 3. There _________ no milk in the fridge yesterday. 4. There _________ a boy and three girls cleaning the classroom now. 5. There _________ some books and a pen on the desk just now. 题型二：单项选择 1. There _________ some juice and two cakes on the table. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. There _________ any water in the glass. A. isn’t B. aren’t C. is D. are 3. — _________ there a sports meeting in your school? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were 4. There _________ thousands of people in the square last night. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. _________ have a new bike in my family. A. There B. There are C. We D. There be 考点三：特殊疑问句 一、 知识精讲 疑问词 提问内容 完整例句 what 提问事物、职业、具体内容 What do you usually do on your weekend? who 提问人物（主格，谁） Who is waiting for you at the school gate? where 提问地点、位置 Where do you plan to go during the summer holiday? when 提问时间（宽泛时间） When will you finish your summer homework? how 提问方式、状态、程度 How do you go to school every morning? how often 提问动作频率 How often do you exercise in your free time? 二、习题精练 题型一：根据答语填写合适疑问词 1. — _________ is your favorite teacher? — Miss Li. 2. — _________ do you go to school every day? — By bike. 3. — _________ will you come back? — Next Sunday. 4. — _________ is your schoolbag? — It’s on the chair. 5. — _________ do you watch TV? — Sometimes. 题型二：单项选择 1. — _________ is your birthday? — It’s on July 10th. A. What B. When C. Where D. How 2. — _________ is that man over there? — He is my English teacher. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How 3. — _________ do you like this new movie? — It’s very interesting. A. What B. Why C. How D. When 4. — _________ do you get up so early? — Because I need to read English. A. What B. How C. Why D. When 5. — _________ does it take you to do homework? — About one hour. A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How many ------------------------------难点突破------------------------------ 一、祈使句 1. 句式开头易错核心规则 ① 祈使句无主语，默认主语为第二人称you，句首必须用动词原形； ② 绝对不能用to do、doing、三单形式开头，是考试最基础高频错题点。 2. 否定句式固定搭配 ① 普通祈使句否定统一为 Don’t + 动词原形，不能用 not 直接修饰动词； ② Let型否定为 Don’t let sb. do sth.，切勿混用否定结构。 3. Let us 与 Let’s 区分 ① Let’s = Let us，表“让我们（包含听话人）”，反义疑问句用 shall we； ② 单独 Let us 表“请你允许我们（不包含听话人）”，反义疑问句用 will you。 4. 祈使句经典句型结构 ① 祈使句+and+陈述句：表顺承，做某事就会……； ② 祈使句+or+陈述句：表转折，否则、要不然会产生坏结果。 二、There be句型 1. 核心主谓一致（就近原则） ① There be句型无主语，be动词单复数由后面第一个名词决定； ② 单数、不可数名词用is，复数名词用are，多个名词并列看最近项。 2. some与any固定转换 ① 肯定句用some，否定句、疑问句必须改为any； ② 表委婉请求的疑问句可保留some，是考试特殊易错点。 3. 时态基础用法 ① 一般现在时：There is/are（最常考）； ② 一般过去时：There was/were，过去场景高频考查。 4. 高频搭配误区 ① There be 表示“某地有某物”，绝对不能与have连用； ② have表示“某人拥有某物”，二者语义重复，是单选改错重灾区。 三、特殊疑问句 1. 基本句式结构 ① 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（最常用）； ② 疑问词作主语时，用陈述语序，无需倒装。 2. 高频疑问词辨析 ① when 提问任意时间，what time 只提问具体几点钟； ② how often 问频率、how long 问时长/长度、how far 问距离，三组极易混淆。 3. 句式做题核心规则 ① 特殊疑问句不用yes/no回答，必须针对性作答； ② 划线提问题型需先判断提问内容，再选用对应疑问词。 4. 易错语序问题 ① 特殊疑问句必须倒装（疑问词非主语时）； ② 做题禁止出现“疑问词+主语+助动词”的错误语序。 ------------------------------真题演练------------------------------ 练习一：综合演练 1．（24-25八年级下·甘肃定西·阶段检测）___________ everything you see. Even salt looks like sugar. A．Trust B．Don’t trust C．Trusting D．Not trusting 2．（24-25七年级下·陕西西安·阶段检测）—___________ your mobile phones or mute (静音) your phone before the movie starts, please. —You’re right. I’ll do it right now. A．Turn on B．Put on C．Turn off D．Put off 3．（24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·阶段检测）___________ afraid to speak in front of people. We should be brave enough to speak our minds. A．Don’t B．Be C．Not be D．Don’t be 4．（24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·阶段检测）Work hard, ___________ you ___________ pass the exam. A．but; won’t B．or; don’t C．and; aren’t D．or; won’t 5．（25-26七年级下·云南·阶段检测）Tom, ________ make any noise. Your sister is sleeping. A．can’t B．didn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 6．（25-26七年级下·江西上饶·阶段检测）Don’t ___________ too much sugar. It’s bad for your teeth. A．eats B．eat C．eating D．to eat 7．（24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测）___________ sports is good for our health. Please ___________ it every day. A．Doing, do B．Do, do C．Doing, to do D．Do, to do 8．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）Please ___________ arrive late for class.We must be on time. A．not B．don’t C．doesn’t D．isn’t 9．（24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测）—___________ is the population of China? —It’s over 1.4 billion. A．How B．Where C．What D．Who 10．（24-25八年级上·重庆·开学考）— _____ has your grandpa lived here? —Since last year. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 11．（24-25八年级上·江西上饶·阶段检测）—My sister loves to exercise outdoors. —Really? ___________ does she go jogging in the park? A．How many B．How often C．How much D．How soon 12．（24-25七年级上·江苏徐州·阶段检测）—____________ things would you like, Susan? — Nothing. Thank you. Everyone ____________ here. Let’s begin. A．What other, is B．What other, are C．Why, are D．How, is 13．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·阶段检测）—___________ is it from your school to the nearest underground station? —About ten minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How soon 14．（25-26七年级下·江西·阶段检测）—___________ in your hometown, Betty? —We have cold winters and hot summers. It’s snowy in New York in winter. A．How is the weather like B．What’s the weather C．What’s the weather like D．What’s the temperature 15．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）—___________ do you like koalas? —Because they are very cute. A．What B．Why C．Where D．When 16．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）—___________ is it from your home to school? —About 2 kilometers. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How many 17．（24-25七年级下·四川达州·阶段检测）—___________ do you play basketball? —Once a month. A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How much 18．（24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）—___________is it from here to the Palace Museum? —About ten minutes’ bus ride. A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often 19．（25-26七年级上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—___________ do you exercise every week? —About three hours. A．How often B．How many C．How long D．How much 20．（24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—___________? —It’s about 5 minutes’ walk from here. A．How long is it B．How old is it C．How much is it D．How far is it 21．（24-25七年级上·广东广州·阶段检测）—___________ is Li Jun going to visit the Moon? —In two days. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．How many 22．（24-25七年级上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）—Lily, ___________ do you go on a school trip? —Once a year. A．how long B．how much C．how often D．how many 23．（24-25七年级上·重庆·阶段检测）— ___________ is your favorite teacher? — Miss Dupont. She always plays games with us. A．Why B．When C．Who D．Where 24．（25-26八年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）— ___________ have you been in Zhaotong? — For about three years. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 25．（25-26七年级下·四川遂宁·期末）There ___________ a few students practicing sports on the playground when the weather is sunny. A．is B．are C．was D．were 26．（24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测）—What are you doing, Nancy? —There ___________ a wonderful activity for the school’s 100th birthday on November 17th, 2024 and I am preparing for it. A．is going to be B．is going to have C．are going to be D．will have 27．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测）There ___________a sports hall and some buildings in our school. A．has B．is C．are D．have 28．（25-26七年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段检测）—Good news! There ___________ a basketball match next week.   —Really? I can’t wait to take part in it. A．is going to B．is going to be C．is going to have D．will have 29．（24-25八年级上·山东·阶段检测）There ___________ two concerts tomorrow evening. A．will have B．are going to be C．is going to be D．are going to have 30．（25-26八年级上·云南曲靖·阶段检测）There ___________ a school meeting next Monday. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．will have D．are going to be 31．（25-26七年级上·北京朝阳·阶段检测）Welcome to junior high. ___________ many activities here and you ___________ a lot of fun. A．There is; have B．There are; have C．There are; will have D．There is; are going to have 32．（24-25八年级上·安徽六安·阶段检测）—What will the future life be like? —There ___________ more free time for people. A．will have B．is going to have C．will be D．are going to be 33．（24-25七年级下·江西宜春·阶段检测）There ___________ two rulers and a book on the desk now. A．be B．are C．is D．am 34．（24-25八年级上·广东江门·阶段检测）___________ slowly, Tony! There’s a school over there! A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 35．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测）—Where ___________ you come from? —I ___________ China. A．do; from B．do; come from C．are; come from D．are; am from 36．（24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测）—___________ is the population of your hometown? —Sorry. I’m not sure about that. A．How much B．What C．How many D．How 37．（25-26七年级下·云南昆明·阶段检测）—___________ do you have to do at home? —I have to clean my room and wash the dishes. A．Where B．When C．What D．Why 38．（25-26八年级上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—___________ did your son weigh when he was born? —He weighed about 2.5kg. A．What B．How heavy C．How much D．How many 39．（25-26七年级上·上海·期末）There ___________ a bridge over the river but now it’s gone. A．is B．has been C．used to be D．was used to be 40．（25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·阶段检测）There ___________ fish in the river because the water is badly polluted (受污染的). A．are few B．are a few C．is little D．is a little 练习二：真题速递 1．（2023·四川广元·中考真题）—Tom, ___________ the rubbish when you leave home, will you? —OK, with pleasure. A．take out B．takes out C．taking out D．to take out 2．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look! There _______ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 3．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）There _______ some flowers in my room. I often water them. A．is B．are C．was D．were 4．（2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）—___________ do you often travel to other cities during holidays? —By high-speed train. A．When B．Where C．What D．How 5．（2025·天津·中考真题）It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, _________ you will get wet. A．and B．or C．so D．but 6．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）___________, Tutu, or you will be late for class. Only two minutes left. A．Hurry up B．To hurry up C．Hurrying up D．Hurried up 7．（2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）Things in China change so fast. Stay a month ___________ you will have enough material for a book. A．whether B．but C．or D．and 8．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）There ___________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily. A．is B．are C．was D．were 9．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—___________ will you finish your hand-made poster? —Perhaps in five days. A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How much 10．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）—Mike, ___________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A．making B．to make C．don’t make D．make 9 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $新八年级衔接 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 专题05 祈使句、therebe 句型&特殊疑问句（新教材人教版） 七升八年级暑假特训（复习专题） 班级 姓名 学号 内 容 提 要 内 容 提 要 精讲精练 讲练结合，梳理关键考点 难点突破 突出重难点，提升能力 真题演练 感受真题，增强自信心 ------------------------------精讲精练------------------------------ 考点一：祈使句 一、 知识精讲 句式分类 核心用法规则 例句 肯定祈使句 以动词原形开头，用于表达命令、请求、建议 Please open the window and keep the room fresh. 否定祈使句 Don’t + 动词原形，表禁止、不要做某事 Don’t run in the classroom, it’s very dangerous. Let型祈使句 Let sb. do sth. 表让某人做某事，后接动词原形 Let us finish our homework before watching TV. Please用法 可放句首或句末，句末需加逗号，表委婉请求 Help me carry the box, please. 二、习题精练 题型一：用所给动词正确形式填空 1. ______ (open) your books and read after me. 【答案】Open 【解析】句意：打开你们的书，跟我读。本句为肯定祈使句，祈使句默认以动词原形开头，首字母需要大写，无需做任何变形。 2. ______ (not, be) late for school again. 【答案】Don’t be 【解析】句意：不要再上学迟到了。本句为否定祈使句，be动词的否定祈使句固定结构为Don’t be + 形容词/名词。 3. Let me ______ (help) you with your English study. 【答案】help 【解析】句意：让我帮你辅导英语学习。Let sb. do sth. 是固定句型，let后面必须接动词原形作宾语补足语，没有人称和时态的变化。 4. ______ (hurry) up, or you will miss the early bus. 【答案】Hurry 【解析】句意：快点，否则你会错过早班车。本句是祈使句+or+陈述句的经典结构，用于提醒、催促对方。 5. Please ______ (keep) quiet in the library. 【答案】keep 【解析】句意：在图书馆里请保持安静。please引导的委婉祈使句，后面统一接动词原形，不受主语、时态影响，是公共场景常用句式。 题型二：单项选择 1. ______ noisy in the reading room. A. Don’t B. Not be C. Don’t be D. Not 【答案】C 【解析】句意：不要在阅览室里吵闹。noisy是形容词，前面需要搭配be动词，否定祈使句固定结构为Don’t be + 形容词，其余选项均不符合语法规则，故选C。 2. Let’s ______ a walk in the park after dinner. A. take B. to take C. taking D. takes 【答案】A 【解析】句意：晚饭后我们去公园散步吧。Let’s后接动词原形，属于固定语法规则，不能使用不定式、动名词或三单形式，故选A。 3. ______ carefully, and you will get good grades. A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studies 【答案】A 【解析】句意：认真学习，你就会取得好成绩。本句为祈使句+and陈述句结构，句首必须用动词原形表建议，其余形式均不满足祈使句句式要求，故选A。 4. ______ play football on the road. It’s dangerous. A. Not B. Don’t C. No D. Can’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意：不要在路上踢足球，这很危险。普通实义动词的否定祈使句，统一用Don’t + 动词原形，是禁止类场景的标准用法，故选B。 5. Please ______ me your new pen. I want to have a look. A. show B. to show C. showing D. shows 【答案】A 【解析】句意：请把你的新钢笔给我看看。please引导的祈使句后接动词原形，句式简洁委婉，用于日常请求场景，故选A。 考点二：There be句型 一、 知识精讲 句式类型 核心用法规则 完整例句 肯定句 There is+单数/不可数名词；There are+复数名词 There is some water in the bottle on the desk. 否定句 be动词后加not，some需改为any There aren’t any students in the classroom now. 一般疑问句 be动词提前，some改any，答语用there回答 Is there a book on your schoolbag? 就近原则 多个名词并列，be动词由最近的名词单复数决定 There is a pen and two rulers in my pencil-box. 二、习题精练 题型一：用is/are/was/were填空 1. ______ there a pair of shoes under the bed? 【答案】Is 【解析】句意：床底下有一双鞋吗？本句核心名词是pair（单数），根据就近原则be动词用is，a pair of为整体概念，不看后面的复数名词。 2. There ______ many beautiful flowers in our garden every spring. 【答案】are 【解析】句意：每年春天我们花园里都有许多漂亮的花。后面名词flowers是可数名词复数，一般现在时搭配be动词are，描述常态景色。 3. There ______ no milk in the fridge yesterday. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：昨天冰箱里没有牛奶了。milk是不可数名词，时间状语yesterday提示一般过去时，因此be动词用was。 4. There ______ a boy and three girls cleaning the classroom now. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：现在有一个男孩和三个女孩在打扫教室。根据就近原则，离be动词最近的是单数名词a boy，因此用is，无需看后面复数名词。 5. There ______ some books and a pen on the desk just now. 【答案】were 【解析】句意：刚才桌子上有一些书和一支钢笔。就近看靠前的复数名词books，just now表过去，因此be动词用were。 题型二：单项选择 1. There ______ some juice and two cakes on the table. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：桌子上有一些果汁和两块蛋糕。juice是不可数名词，遵循就近原则，本句为一般现在时，因此选用is，故选A。 2. There ______ any water in the glass. A. isn’t B. aren’t C. is D. are 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杯子里没有水了。any多用于否定句和疑问句，water为不可数名词，be动词用is，否定形式为isn’t，故选A。 3. — ______ there a sports meeting in your school? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你们学校有运动会吗？中心名词a sports meeting是单数，一般疑问句be动词提前，用is，故选A。 4. There ______ thousands of people in the square last night. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【解析】句意：昨晚广场上有成千上万的人。people是复数名词，last night提示一般过去时，复数对应的过去式be动词为were，故选D。 5. ______ have a new bike in my family. A. There B. There are C. We D. There be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们家有一辆新自行车。There be不能和have连用，have表人拥有某物，主语为人，因此用we作主语，故选C。 考点三：特殊疑问句 一、 知识精讲 疑问词 提问内容 完整例句 what 提问事物、职业、具体内容 What do you usually do on your weekend? who 提问人物（主格，谁） Who is waiting for you at the school gate? where 提问地点、位置 Where do you plan to go during the summer holiday? when 提问时间（宽泛时间） When will you finish your summer homework? how 提问方式、状态、程度 How do you go to school every morning? how often 提问动作频率 How often do you exercise in your free time? 二、习题精练 题型一：根据答语填写合适疑问词 1. — ______ is your favorite teacher? — Miss Li. 【答案】Who 【解析】句意：——你最喜欢的老师是谁？——李老师。答语为人名，针对人物进行提问，需要使用疑问词who，专门用于询问人。 2. — ______ do you go to school every day? — By bike. 【答案】How 【解析】句意：——你每天怎么去上学？——骑自行车。答语为出行方式，针对方式、手段提问，统一使用疑问词how，是高频考点。 3. — ______ will you come back? — Next Sunday. 【答案】When 【解析】句意：——你什么时候回来？——下周日。答语为宽泛的时间日期，并非具体几点，因此用when提问，不用what time。 4. — ______ is your schoolbag? — It’s on the chair. 【答案】Where 【解析】句意：——你的书包在哪里？——它在椅子上。答语是具体位置、地点，针对方位提问必须使用疑问词where。 5. — ______ do you watch TV? — Sometimes. 【答案】How often 【解析】句意：——你多久看一次电视？——偶尔看。答语为频率副词，针对动作发生频率提问，固定使用how often。 题型二：单项选择 1. — ______ is your birthday? — It’s on July 10th. A. What B. When C. Where D. How 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你的生日是什么时候？——在七月十日。答语为日期时间，针对时间提问用when，what问事物、where问地点、how问方式，均不符合语境，故选B。 2. — ______ is that man over there? — He is my English teacher. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——那边的男士是谁？——他是我的英语老师。答语介绍人物身份，针对人提问用who，故选B。 3. — ______ do you like this new movie? — It’s very interesting. A. What B. Why C. How D. When 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你觉得这部新电影怎么样？——很有趣。How do you like... 是固定句型，用于询问对事物的看法，属于固定搭配考点，故选C。 4. — ______ do you get up so early? — Because I need to read English. A. What B. How C. Why D. When 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你为什么起这么早？——因为我需要读英语。答语由because引导解释原因，问句必须用why提问，是固定问答搭配，故选C。 5. — ______ does it take you to do homework? — About one hour. A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How many 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你写作业要花多长时间？——大约一小时。答语为时间段，how long用于提问时长和长度，how often问频率，故选B。 ------------------------------难点突破------------------------------ 一、祈使句 1. 句式开头易错核心规则 ① 祈使句无主语，默认主语为第二人称you，句首必须用动词原形； ② 绝对不能用to do、doing、三单形式开头，是考试最基础高频错题点。 2. 否定句式固定搭配 ① 普通祈使句否定统一为 Don’t + 动词原形，不能用 not 直接修饰动词； ② Let型否定为 Don’t let sb. do sth.，切勿混用否定结构。 3. Let us 与 Let’s 区分 ① Let’s = Let us，表“让我们（包含听话人）”，反义疑问句用 shall we； ② 单独 Let us 表“请你允许我们（不包含听话人）”，反义疑问句用 will you。 4. 祈使句经典句型结构 ① 祈使句+and+陈述句：表顺承，做某事就会……； ② 祈使句+or+陈述句：表转折，否则、要不然会产生坏结果。 二、There be句型 1. 核心主谓一致（就近原则） ① There be句型无主语，be动词单复数由后面第一个名词决定； ② 单数、不可数名词用is，复数名词用are，多个名词并列看最近项。 2. some与any固定转换 ① 肯定句用some，否定句、疑问句必须改为any； ② 表委婉请求的疑问句可保留some，是考试特殊易错点。 3. 时态基础用法 ① 一般现在时：There is/are（最常考）； ② 一般过去时：There was/were，过去场景高频考查。 4. 高频搭配误区 ① There be 表示“某地有某物”，绝对不能与have连用； ② have表示“某人拥有某物”，二者语义重复，是单选改错重灾区。 三、特殊疑问句 1. 基本句式结构 ① 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（最常用）； ② 疑问词作主语时，用陈述语序，无需倒装。 2. 高频疑问词辨析 ① when 提问任意时间，what time 只提问具体几点钟； ② how often 问频率、how long 问时长/长度、how far 问距离，三组极易混淆。 3. 句式做题核心规则 ① 特殊疑问句不用yes/no回答，必须针对性作答； ② 划线提问题型需先判断提问内容，再选用对应疑问词。 4. 易错语序问题 ① 特殊疑问句必须倒装（疑问词非主语时）； ② 做题禁止出现“疑问词+主语+助动词”的错误语序。 ------------------------------真题演练------------------------------ 练习一：综合演练 1．（24-25八年级下·甘肃定西·阶段检测）________ everything you see. Even salt looks like sugar. A．Trust B．Don’t trust C．Trusting D．Not trusting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要相信你看到的一切。甚至盐看起来都像糖。 根据后句“Even salt looks like sugar.”可知，眼见不一定为实，所以建议不要相信看到的一切。祈使句否定形式用Don’t开头，后接动词原形。 2．（24-25七年级下·陕西西安·阶段检测）—________ your mobile phones or mute (静音) your phone before the movie starts, please. —You’re right. I’ll do it right now. A．Turn on B．Put on C．Turn off D．Put off 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电影开始前请关掉手机或把手机静音。——你说得对，我现在就把手机关掉/调成静音。 Turn on打开；Put on穿上；Turn off关闭；Put off推迟。根据“before the movie starts”和“or mute your phone”可知，在电影院为了不影响他人，需要关闭手机或静音，Turn off符合语境。 3．（24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·阶段检测）________ afraid to speak in front of people. We should be brave enough to speak our minds. A．Don’t B．Be C．Not be D．Don’t be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要害怕在人前说话。我们应该足够勇敢地说出我们的想法。 Don’t不要；Be是；Not be不是；Don’t be不要（后接形容词/短语）。根据固定搭配be afraid to do sth.（害怕做某事），否定祈使句的结构为“Don’t be+形容词/短语”，此处需要表达“不要害怕”，应填 Don’t be。 4．（24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·阶段检测）Work hard, ________ you ________ pass the exam. A．but; won’t B．or; don’t C．and; aren’t D．or; won’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：努力学习，否则你将不会通过考试。 but但是；or否则；and和。根据句意可知，前句Work hard（努力学习）是条件，后句表示否则就不会通过考试，应用or连接，构成“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，意为“……否则……”。同时，陈述句表示将来的结果，应用一般将来时won’t。 5．（25-26七年级下·云南·阶段检测）Tom, ________ make any noise. Your sister is sleeping. A．can’t B．didn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆，不要制造任何噪音。你妹妹正在睡觉。 can’t 不能；didn’t 没有；doesn’t 不；don’t 不要。根据“Tom, ________ make any noise”可知这是对他人的命令，是祈使句，其否定形式直接在动词原形前加don’t。应填don’t。 6．（25-26七年级下·江西上饶·阶段检测）Don’t ________ too much sugar. It’s bad for your teeth. A．eats B．eat C．eating D．to eat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要吃太多糖。这对你的牙齿不好。 本句是否定祈使句，结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”，因此空格处应填动词原形。故选eat。 7．（24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测）________ sports is good for our health. Please ________ it every day. A．Doing, do B．Do, do C．Doing, to do D．Do, to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：做运动对我们的健康有好处。请每天做运动。 第一空在句中作主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式Doing；第二空是以“Please”开头的祈使句，表示请求或建议，动词应用原形do。 8．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）Please ________ arrive late for class.We must be on time. A．not B．don’t C．doesn’t D．isn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请不要上课迟到。我们必须准时。 根据“Please”及语境可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，结构为“don’t + 动词原形”。故选don’t。 9．（24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测）—________ is the population of China? —It’s over 1.4 billion. A．How B．Where C．What D．Who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——中国的人口是多少？——超过14亿。 How怎样；Where在哪里；What什么；Who谁。询问人口数量的固定句型为“What’s the population of...?”，意为“……的人口是多少”。 10．（24-25八年级上·重庆·阶段检测）— ________ has your grandpa lived here? —Since last year. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你爷爷住在这里多久了？——自从去年以来。 How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据答语“Since last year.”可知，此处是对爷爷居住的时间长度进行提问，应用How long。 11．（24-25八年级上·江西上饶·阶段检测）—My sister loves to exercise outdoors. —Really? ________ does she go jogging in the park? A．How many B．How often C．How much D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我姐姐喜欢在户外锻炼。——真的吗？她多久去公园慢跑一次？ How many多少，提问数量；How often多久一次，提问频率；How much多少钱，提问数量或价格；How soon多久，提问将来时间。根据上文可知是在谈论锻炼习惯，下文询问的是动作发生的频率，用How often。 12．（24-25七年级上·江苏徐州·阶段检测）—_________ things would you like, Susan? — Nothing. Thank you. Everyone _________ here. Let’s begin. A．What other, is B．What other, are C．Why, are D．How, is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——苏珊，你还想要什么别的东西吗？——不了，谢谢。大家都到齐了。我们开始吧。 What other别的什么；is是；are是；Why为什么；How如何。第一空，“别的什么东西”应用What other things，其中What other意为“别的什么”；第二空，“everyone”为不定代词，谓语动词用第三人称单数is，表示“每个人都在/到齐了”。应填What other, is。 13．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·阶段检测）—________ is it from your school to the nearest underground station? —About ten minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How soon 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——从你们学校到最近的地铁站有多远？——步行大约十分钟。 How far多远；How long多久/多长；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后。根据答语“About ten minutes’ walk.”可知，此处询问的是距离，应用how far来提问。 14．（25-26七年级下·江西·阶段检测）—________ in your hometown, Betty? —We have cold winters and hot summers. It’s snowy in New York in winter. A．How is the weather like B．What’s the weather C．What’s the weather like D．What’s the temperature 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——贝蒂，你家乡的天气怎么样？——我们那里冬冷夏热。纽约冬天会下雪。 How is the weather like结构错误；What’s the weather结构不完整；What’s the weather like结构完整；What’s the temperature询问温度，与答语描述的季节气候特征不符。询问天气状况的常用句型为“What’s the weather like...?”或者“How is the weather...?”，C选项正确。 15．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）—________ do you like koalas? —Because they are very cute. A．What B．Why C．Where D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢考拉？——因为它们很可爱。 What什么；Why为什么；Where在哪里；When什么时候。根据答语“Because they are very cute.”可知，此处是询问原因，应用Why提问。 16．（25-26七年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）—________ is it from your home to school? —About 2 kilometers. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How many 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？——大约两千米。 How long多久，多长；How far多远；How often多久一次；How many多少。根据答语“About 2 kilometers”可知，此处是对距离提问，应用How far。 17．（24-25七年级下·四川达州·阶段检测）—________ do you play basketball? —Once a month. A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你多久打一次篮球？——一个月一次。 How long多久，对时间段或长度提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How much多少，对数量或价格提问。根据答语“Once a month.”可知，此处是对动作发生的频率进行提问，应填How often。 18．（24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）—________is it from here to the Palace Museum? —About ten minutes’ bus ride. A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——从这里到故宫博物院有多远？——大约十分钟的公交车程。 How long多长时间；How far多远；How soon多久以后；How often多久一次。根据“About ten minutes’ bus ride.”可知，答语是用乘车时间来表示距离，而且“from here to the Palace Museum”是询问两地距离的固定用法。故选How far。 19．（25-26七年级上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—________ do you exercise every week? —About three hours. A．How often B．How many C．How long D．How much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你每周锻炼多长时间？——大约三个小时。 How often多久一次；How many多少；How long多长时间；How much多少。根据答语“About three hours”可知，回答的是时间段，且空格后没有名词，不能用How many，应用How long提问时长。 20．（24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—________? —It’s about 5 minutes’ walk from here. A．How long is it B．How old is it C．How much is it D．How far is it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——它有多远？——从这里步行大约5分钟。   How long is it它有多长/多长时间（询问长度或时间长度）；How old is it它有多老（询问年龄）；How much is it它多少钱（询问价格）；How far is it它有多远（询问距离）。根据答句“about 5 minutes’ walk”表示步行距离，应用How far，应填How far is it。 21．（24-25七年级上·广东广州·阶段检测）—________ is Li Jun going to visit the Moon? —In two days. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．How many 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李军打算多久以后去参观月球？——两天后。 How often多久一次，询问频率；How long多长、多久，询问长度或时长；How soon多久以后，询问将来时间；How many多少，询问复数名词数量。答语“In two days”表示“两天后”，由此可知，问句是对将来时间提问，应选用“How soon”。 22．（24-25七年级上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）—Lily, ________ do you go on a school trip? —Once a year. A．how long B．how much C．how often D．how many 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你多久去参加一次学校旅行？——一年一次。 how long多长时间；how much多少（询问价格或不可数名词的数量）；how often多久一次；how many多少（询问复数名词的数量）。根据答语“Once a year”可知，此处是对频率进行提问，应用how often。 23．（24-25七年级上·重庆·阶段检测）— ________ is your favorite teacher? — Miss Dupont. She always plays games with us. A．Why B．When C．Who D．Where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢的老师是谁？——Dupont小姐。她总是和我们一起玩游戏。 Why为什么；When什么时候；Who谁；Where哪里。根据答句“Miss Dupont. She always plays games with us.”可知，回答的是人物“Dupont小姐”。所以问句应该是询问“谁是你最喜欢的老师”，因此应该用疑问词“who”来提问。 24．（25-26八年级下·云南昭通·阶段检测）— ________ have you been in Zhaotong? — For about three years. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在昭通待了多久？——大约三年了。 How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据答语“For about three years.”可知，此处是对一段时间进行提问。应填How long。 25．（25-26七年级下·四川遂宁·期末）There ________ a few students practicing sports on the playground when the weather is sunny. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当天气晴朗时，操场上有一些学生在练习运动。 根据从句“when the weather is sunny”可知句子时态为一般现在时，排除 C、D；主语“a few of students”是复数形式，be动词应用are。 26．（24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测）—What are you doing, Nancy? —There ________ a wonderful activity for the school’s 100th birthday on November 17th, 2024 and I am preparing for it. A．is going to be B．is going to have C．are going to be D．will have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——南希，你在做什么？——2024年11月17日学校100周年校庆将有一场精彩的活动，我正在为此做准备。 there be句型表示“某处存在某物”，不能与have连用；根据时间“on November 17th, 2024”和答句“I am preparing for it”可知，活动是将来要发生的，需用there be句型的将来时；主语a wonderful activity是单数，因此用is going to be。         27．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测）There ________a sports hall and some buildings in our school. A．has B．is C．are D．have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校有一个体育馆和一些建筑。 本句为There be句型，表示“某地有某物”，不能与has/have混用。There be句型遵循“就近原则”，be动词的单复数由最近的主语决定，此处最近的主语是a sports hall（单数），故用is。 28．（25-26七年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段检测）—Good news! There ________ a basketball match next week.   —Really? I can’t wait to take part in it. A．is going to B．is going to be C．is going to have D．will have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——好消息！下周有一场篮球赛。——真的吗？我迫不及待想参加了。 there be句型表示“某地有某物”，不能与have/has混用，排除C、D。there be的一般将来时结构为“there is going to be”或“there will be”，表示“将会有”。选项A缺少be动词，结构不完整；选项B“is going to be”符合there be句型的一般将来时结构。 29．（24-25八年级上·山东·阶段检测）There ________ two concerts tomorrow evening. A．will have B．are going to be C．is going to be D．are going to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明天晚上将有两场音乐会。 句子是there be句型，不能与have连用，排除A、D选项；根据时间状语“tomorrow evening”可知，句子是一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构为“there will be或there is/are going to be”，主语“two concerts”是复数，用“there are going to be”表达，排除C 选项，句首单词的首字母要大写。 30．（25-26八年级上·云南曲靖·阶段检测）There ________ a school meeting next Monday. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．will have D．are going to be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下周一将有一场学校会议。 根据句首“There”可知，本句为there be句型，表示“存在”，不能与have连用，排除A、C选项；根据时间状语“next Monday”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，结构为“There will be”或“There is/are going to be”；又因主语“a school meeting”为单数，be动词应用is，排除D选项。故选B。 31．（25-26七年级上·北京朝阳·阶段检测）Welcome to junior high. ________ many activities here and you ________ a lot of fun. A．There is; have B．There are; have C．There are; will have D．There is; are going to have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：欢迎来到初中。这里有很多活动，你将会玩得很开心。 第一空主语“many activities”是复数，there be句型中be动词用复数形式are；第二空根据语境可知表示将来会发生的事情，用一般将来时will have。 32．（24-25八年级上·安徽六安·阶段检测）—What will the future life be like? —There ________ more free time for people. A．will have B．is going to have C．will be D．are going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——未来的生活将会是什么样子的？——人们将会有更多的空闲时间。 there be句型的将来时结构为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”，表示“将会有”，不能与have连用，排除A和B；more free time是不可数名词，视作单数，D选项are是复数形式，排除D。应填will be。 33．（24-25七年级下·江西宜春·阶段检测）There ________ two rulers and a book on the desk now. A．be B．are C．is D．am 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在桌子上有两把尺子和一本书。 在there be句型中，当主语是多个并列名词（由and 连接）时，谓语动词（be动词）的单复数形式通常遵循“就近原则”，离There最近的主语是two rulers，是复数概念，因此be动词要用复数形式are。 34．（24-25八年级上·广东江门·阶段检测）________ slowly, Tony! There’s a school over there! A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：托尼，慢慢开车！那边有一所学校！ 根据“... slowly, Tony!”可知，此处是祈使句，表示命令或建议，应以动词原形开头。 35．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测）—Where ________ you come from? —I ________ China. A．do; from B．do; come from C．are; come from D．are; am from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你来自哪里？——我来自中国。 根据“Where…you come from?”可知，第一句中有实义动词come，主语是you，变疑问句需借助助动词 do，排除C、D项；根据“I…China.”可知，第二句主语是I，表示“来自”可用come from或am from。排除A项。应填do；come from。 36．（24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测）—________ is the population of your hometown? —Sorry. I’m not sure about that. A．How much B．What C．How many D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你家乡的人口是多少？——抱歉，我不太确定。 How much多少（修饰不可数名词）；What什么；How many多少（修饰可数名词）；How怎么样。询问人口数量应用“What is the population of...?”句型，不能用How many或How much直接提问population。 37．（25-26七年级下·云南昆明·阶段检测）—________ do you have to do at home? —I have to clean my room and wash the dishes. A．Where B．When C．What D．Why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在家必须做什么？——我必须打扫房间和洗碗。 Where哪里；When什么时候；What什么；Why为什么。根据答语“I have to clean my room and wash the dishes”可知，回答的是具体要做的事情，因此问句应用What询问做什么。 38．（25-26八年级上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）—________ did your son weigh when he was born? —He weighed about 2.5kg. A．What B．How heavy C．How much D．How many 【答案】C 【详解】——你儿子出生时多重？——他大约重2.5千克。 What什么；How heavy多重；How much多少（询问重量、价格，后接动词）；How many多少（询问可数名词的数量）。根据答句“He weighed about 2.5kg.”以及句中实义动词weigh可知，询问体重且谓语为实义动词时，需用“How much”提问。 39．（25-26七年级上·上海·期末）There ________ a bridge over the river but now it’s gone. A．is B．has been C．used to be D．was used to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这条河上曾经有一座桥，但现在没了。   is是（一般现在时）；has been已经有（现在完成时）；used to be过去曾经有；was used to be（语法错误）。根据“but now it’s gone（但现在没了）”的转折，前半句描述“过去存在、现在消失”的状态，“used to be”符合“过去常有的情况”的语境。应填“used to be”。 40．（25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·阶段检测）There ________ fish in the river because the water is badly polluted (受污染的). A．are few B．are a few C．is little D．is a little 【答案】A 【详解】句意：河里几乎没有鱼，因为水被严重污染了。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few少许，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little少许，修饰不可数名词。fish在此处指“鱼”这种动物，为可数名词，单复数同形，此处表示复数概念，be动词用are，且few和a few修饰可数名词，little和a little修饰不可数名词，所以排除C、D选项。few表否定含义“几乎没有”，a few表肯定含义“有一些”。根据“because the water is badly polluted”可知水污染严重，鱼应该很少，表否定含义，故选A。 练习二：真题速递 1．（2023·四川广元·中考真题）—Tom, ________ the rubbish when you leave home, will you? —OK, with pleasure. A．take out B．takes out C．taking out D．to take out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你离家的时候把垃圾拿出去扔了吧，好吗？——好的，乐意效劳。 考查祈使句的用法。此处是祈使句，需用动词原形开头，故选A。 2．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！桌子上有一个笔记本和三把钥匙。 考查there be和时态。根据“Look!”可知，句子是一般现在时；there be遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的主语是a notebook，应用is。故选A。 3．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）There ________ some flowers in my room. I often water them. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 我的房间里有一些花，我经常给它们浇水。 考查There be句型。根据“some flowers”可知，主语为复数形式，因此be动词应用复数形式；又根据“I often water them.”可知，句子描述的是现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，应用are。故选B。 4．（2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）—________ do you often travel to other cities during holidays? —By high-speed train. A．When B．Where C．What D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你假期经常怎样去其他城市旅行？——坐高铁。 When什么时候；Where哪里；What什么；How怎样，如何。根据答语“By high-speed train.”可知，回答的是交通方式，询问方式用How。 5．（2025·天津·中考真题）It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ________ you will get wet. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：外面正在下雨。带把伞，否则你会淋湿。 考查连词辨析。and和；or否则，或者；so所以；but但是。根据“Take an umbrella...you will get wet.”可知，前半句是建议带伞，后半句是未带伞的后果，即会淋湿，故此处需用表示“否则”的连词连接。故选B。 6．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）________, Tutu, or you will be late for class. Only two minutes left. A．Hurry up B．To hurry up C．Hurrying up D．Hurried up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：快点，图图，否则你上课要迟到了。只剩下2分钟了。 考查祈使句。根据“or you will be late for class”可知这里是祈使句+or…，应用动词原形开头，故选A。 7．（2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）Things in China change so fast. Stay a month ________ you will have enough material for a book. A．whether B．but C．or D．and 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国的事物变化如此之快。待一个月，你就会有足够的素材写一本书。 whether是否；but但是；or否则；and那么、而（表示顺承）。根据题干“Stay a month”与“you will have enough material”可知，前句是条件，后句是结果，构成“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”结构，表示“做某事，然后（你）就会……”，应填and，表示顺承。 8．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）There ________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：江苏有许多现代化的高速铁路，它们帮助人们方便地出行。 考查there be。句子主语railways是复数，be动词用复数形式，排除AC。根据后句可知，句子是一般现在时，be动词用are。故选B。 9．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—________ will you finish your hand-made poster? —Perhaps in five days. A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你多久能完成你的手制海报？——也许五天吧。 How soon多久之后；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How much多少。根据“Perhaps in five days.”，对“in+一段时间”提问，应用疑问词组How soon。 10．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A．making B．to make C．don’t make D．make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克，别在房间里弄出这么大的声音。你妹妹在睡觉。——好的，爸爸。我不会再那样做了。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“Your sister is sleeping.”可知妹妹在睡觉，所以不要弄出这么大的声音，故此处用祈使句的否定形式：Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $