专题02 名词和代词-【暑假逆袭】2026-2027学年 初中英语七升八 暑假语法衔接讲义(人教版)

2026-06-27
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学段 初中
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学年 2026-2027
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新八年级衔接 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 专题02 名词和代词(新教材人教版) 七升八年级暑假特训(复习专题) 班级 姓名 学号 内 容 提 要 内 容 提 要 精讲精练 讲练结合,梳理关键考点 难点突破 突出重难点,提升能力 真题演练 感受真题,增强自信心 ------------------------------精讲精练------------------------------ 考点一:名词 1、 知识精讲 对比维度 核心内容 经典例句 易错点 / 做题注意事项 核心定义 表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的名称的词,是句子的核心名词性成分 1. My name is Li Ming. 2. I love reading books. 区分专有名词与普通名词的首字母大写规则 核心分类 1. 专有名词:特定的人、地点、机构等名称 2. 普通名词:人 / 事物 / 抽象概念的通用名称(可数 / 不可数) 专有:Beijing, the Great Wall 普通:book, water, happiness 不可数名词无复数形式,不能直接用 a/an 修饰 可数名词 有单复数变化,可直接用数字、a/an 修饰 a pen → two pens; one student → three students 1. 规则复数:+s/es(s/x/ch/sh 结尾 + es) 2. 不规则复数:man→men, child→children 不可数名词 无复数形式,表数量需用 “量词 + of + 名词” 结构 a cup of tea; two pieces of bread 常见不可数名词:water, bread, advice, information 名词所有格 表示所属关系,结构: 1. 单数名词 +’s 2. 复数名词以 s 结尾 +’ 3. 不规则复数名词 +’s the student’s book; the teachers’ office; the children’s toys 1. 表示两人共同拥有,只在最后一个名词加’s 2. 表示各自拥有,两个名词都加’s 二、习题精练 题型一:用所给名词的正确形式填空 1. There are three __________ (book) on the desk. 2. I need some __________ (water) to drink. 3. This is __________ (Lily) pen. It’s not mine. 4. We can see many __________ (child) in the park on weekends. 5. The __________ (teacher) office is on the second floor. 题型二:单项选择 1. I have two __________ and three __________ in my schoolbag. A. pencil; eraser B. pencils; erasers C. pencil; erasers D. pencils; eraser 2. This is __________ bedroom. It’s very clean. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily’s D. Lucy’s and Lily’s 3. We need to buy some __________ for the party. A. bread B. apple C. cake D. flower 4. There are many __________ (man) working in the factory. A. man B. men C. mans D. mens 5. This is my __________ (parents) new house. A. parent B. parents C. parent’s D. parents’ 考点二:代词 一、知识精讲 对比维度 核心内容 经典例句 易错点 / 做题注意事项 核心定义 代替名词、名词短语或句子的词,避免句子重复,简化表达 1. He is a student. 2. This is a book, it is red. 区分不同代词的句法功能,主格作主语,宾格作宾语 人称代词 表示人或事物的代词,分主格、宾格 主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they 宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them 1. She likes music. (主格作主语) 2. I like her. (宾格作宾语) 1. 作主语用主格,作动词 / 介词宾语用宾格 2. 人称代词并列时,顺序为第二人称→第三人称→第一人称 物主代词 表示所属关系,分形容词性、名词性 形容词性:my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名词性:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 1. This is my bag. (形容词性 + 名词) 2. This bag is mine. (名词性单独使用) 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词,名词性物主代词后不能接名词 反身代词 表示 “自己”,结构:self/selves myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 1. I can do it by myself. 2. He taught himself English. 固定搭配:by oneself(独自)、teach oneself(自学)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心) 指示代词 指示人或事物,this/that(单数)、these/those(复数) 1. This is a pen. These are pens. 2. That is a book. Those are books. this/these 指代近处的人 / 物,that/those 指代远处的人 / 物 不定代词 指代不确定的人 / 事物,some, any, someone, anyone, something, anything 等 1. There is some water in the bottle. 2. Is there any milk in the cup? 1. some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句 / 疑问句 2. 不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数 二、习题精练 题型一:根据句意填入正确的代词 1. This is __________ (I) book. __________ (it) cover is blue. 2. __________ (I) can finish the work by __________ (I). 3. These books are not __________ (my). They are __________ (she). 4. __________ (who) is the boy over there? __________ (he) name is Tom. 5. We should learn to protect __________ (we) in danger. 题型二:单项选择 1. My parents love __________ very much, and I love __________ too. A. I; they B. me; them C. I; them D. me; they 2. This is not __________ pen. __________ is in the pencil box. A. my; My B. mine; My C. my; Mine D. mine; Mine 3. — Help __________ to some fruit, kids! — Thank you. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 4. There is __________ water in the bottle. You can drink it. A. some B. any C. many D. few 5. __________ is my best friend. I often play with __________. A. He; he B. Him; him C. He; him D. Him; he ------------------------------难点突破------------------------------ 一、名词 1. 可数与不可数名词区分 不可数名词(water、bread、advice、information 等)无复数形式,不能直接加 s,也不能用 a/an 修饰;表达数量必须借助「量词 + of + 名词」结构。 2. 名词单复数易错点 ① 规则复数:s/x/ch/sh 结尾名词需加 es,不可直接加 s; ② 不规则复数:属于高频考点,重点牢记 child→children、man→men 等特殊变形,无固定规则,只能特殊记忆。 3. 名词所有格核心陷阱 ① 单数名词、不规则复数名词:直接加 ’s(例:Lily’s pen、children’s toys); ② 以 s 结尾的复数名词:只加 ’(例:teachers’ office); ③ 共有 / 各自拥有区分:多人共同拥有一物,只在最后一个名词加’s;各自拥有物品,每个名词都需加’s。 二、代词 1. 人称代词主格、宾格混用 ① 句子主语位置,必须用主格(I、he、she、they); ② 动词、介词后作宾语,必须用宾格(me、him、her、them); ③ 人称代词并列顺序固定:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。 2. 物主代词核心区分(最高频易错) ① 形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her):后面必须接名词,不可单独使用; ② 名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers):后面绝对不能接名词,可单独作主语、表语、宾语,等同于「形容词性物主代词 + 名词」。 3. 反身代词固定搭配必考 牢记高频固定短语:by oneself(独自)、help oneself to sth.(随便吃/用)、protect oneself(自我保护),需根据主语单复数、人称匹配对应反身代词。 4. 不定代词用法陷阱 ① some 多用于肯定句,any 多用于否定句、疑问句; ② 不定代词(someone、something 等)作主语时,谓语动词统一用单数形式。 ------------------------------真题演练------------------------------ 练习一:综合演练 1.(25-26八年级上·天津·开学考试)________ is important for us to learn a foreign language. A.This B.That C.It D.One 2.(25-26八年级上·全国·开学考试)Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ________ and ________ on their pizza. A.tomatos, cheese B.tomatoes, cheeses C.tomatoes, cheese D.tomato, cheese 3.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测)—I want to buy ________ for my mother to make her happy on her birthday. —That’s a great idea. A.special anything B.anything special C.special something D.something special 4.(25-26八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末)Jim said the books were on the shelf, but there was ________ there. I only found some magazines. A.no one B.no C.nothing D.none 5.(25-26八年级上·安徽合肥·期末)— Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well, so there’s _________ to fear. — Thanks for encouraging me. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 6.(25-26八年级上·全国·开学考试)I’d like some ________ and a glass of milk for breakfast. A.potato B.egg C.bread D.tomato 7.(25-26七年级下·甘肃武威·期末)—What kind of soup would you like? —I’d like ________ soup. A.beef and carrots B.tomatoes and egg C.beef and carrot D.tomato and eggs 8.(24-25七年级下·西藏昌都·期末)—What do you like for breakfast? —________. A.Two piece of bread B.Two pieces of bread C.Two pieces of breads D.Two breads 9.(25-26七年级下·天津河东·期末)My singing competition was great. I think I have a better ________ of winning a medal. A.choice B.chance C.basket D.stomach 10.(25-26七年级下·江苏淮安·期末)— Jack, can I borrow your books? I forgot to bring ________. — Sure, here you are. Don’t forget to give them back after class. A.my B.mine C.your D.yours 11.(25-26七年级下·天津西青·期末)My parents love our hometown very much, so ________ of them went back to help build a new countryside. A.all B.both C.no one D.neither 12.(25-26七年级下·江苏镇江·期末)—Is there________ new in today’s newspaper about the Yellow Mountain? —Yes. The report says the cloud sea is amazing. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 13.(25-26七年级下·江苏南通·期末)—More and more students enjoy e-reading in their free time. —That’s true, but not ________ is interested in it. Some students like paper reading better. A.nobody B.somebody C.anybody D.everybody 14.(24-25七年级下·湖北武汉·阶段检测)—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? —________ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None 15.(25-26八年级下·江苏南通·阶段检测)It is necessary _________ middle school students _________ master basic manners and develop a sense of responsibility. A.for; to B.of; to C.for; in D.of; in 16.(25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段检测)The weather report says there will be much ________ in Yancheng next week. If it is ________, the children will have a snowball fight with their friends. A.snowy; snowy B.snow; snowy C.snowy; snow D.snow; snow 17.(25-26八年级上·云南曲靖·阶段检测)—How much yogurt do we need? —We need ________ yogurt. A.two B.two cup of C.two cups D.two cups of 18.(25-26七年级上·江苏南京·阶段检测)How many ______ do you want? A.bottle of apple juice B.bottle of apple juices C.bottles of apple juice D.bottles of apples juice 19.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)Computer Science is so ________ that I show great ________ in it. A.interest; interesting B.interesting; interest C.interested; interesting D.interesting; interested 20.(24-25七年级上·江苏淮安·阶段检测)—________ is this English book? — I think it is our ________. A.Whose; teacher’s B.Who; teacher C.Whose; teachers D.Who; teacher’s 21.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)I don’t have enough time to take ________ after school, because my mother lets me sit at the desk to do ________ all the time. A.exercises; exercises B.exercise; exercises C.exercises; exercise D.exercise; exercise 22.(25-26八年级上·江苏南通·开学考试)—Will you buy the jeans? —Well, I can’t decide which ________ to buy. I think the jeans ________ are nice. But I am short of money. A.one; themselves B.pair; themselves C.one; itself D.pair; itself 23.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·开学考试)—________ desks are these?   —They are ________ desks. A.Who; Ray’s and Lucy B.Whose; Ray and Lucy’s C.Who; Ray’s and Lucy’s D.Whose; Ray’s and Lucy’s 24.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·开学考试)—Tom bought me a big birthday cake. It was a big ________ for me. —Yeah, we were all ________ at it at the party. A.surprise; surprised B.surprising; surprised C.surprised; surprising D.surprise; surprise 25.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段检测)The teachers warn us ________ attention to our ________ while crossing the roads. A.paying; safe B.pay; safely C.to pay; safe D.to pay; safety 26.(24-25七年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末)I have some ________ and ________ for breakfast. A.rices; potato B.rices; potatoes C.rice; potatos D.rice; potatoes 27.(25-26七年级下·安徽合肥·期末)Life is full of ups and downs. If you try your best to solve them, you can get both happiness and ________ from them. A.instruction B.description C.attention D.experience 28.(24-25八年级上·江苏·阶段检测)—I’m so hungry after working for a whole day. Can I have a hamburger? —Oh dear. There’s ________ in the fridge, but I will order one for you. A.none B.nothing C.nobody D.anything 29.(24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测)—The museums in Beijing are more famous than ________ in Yangzhou. —Yes, but the weather in Yangzhou is better than ________ in Beijing. A.that; those B.those; that C.ones; that D.ones; one 30.(24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测)The population of our hometown is ________ than ________ of yours. A.more; this B.more; that C.larger; this D.larger; that 31.(24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测)The problem is ________ difficult that ________ students can solve it. A.too; few B.so; little C.so; few D.too; a little 32.(24-25八年级上·四川广安·阶段检测)It’s natural ________ the new words. Why not ________ in the dictionary again? A.to forget; look up them B.to forget; look them up C.forgetting; look it for D.forgot; look after them 33.(25-26七年级下·江西·阶段检测)________ you learn ________ when you were in the countryside? A.Did; something useful B.Did; anything useful C.Did; useful anything D.Did; useful something 34.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)This pair of shoes looks ________, and ________ my trousers. May I________? A.well; match; try it on B.good; matches; try it on C.nice; matches; try them on D.good; match; try on them 35.(23-24七年级上·山东菏泽·阶段检测)________ am Jenny. This is ________ new pen. A.I; I B.I; my C.My; my D.My; I 36.(25-26七年级下·上海·阶段检测)________ I grew older, I liked to reread the ________ regularly. A.If; classic B.As; classical C.If; classics D.As; classics 37.(25-26七年级上·江苏盐城·期中)—Daniel, what would you like for your dinner? — I’d like to buy some ________ and two ________. A.potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs 38.(24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测)________ teachers in their school is about 200 and one-third of them are ________ teachers. A.A number of, women B.A number of, woman C.The number of, women D.The number of, woman 39.(24-25七年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末)—Are these boys from ________?         —No, they are ________. A.America; Chinese B.American; Chinese C.America; China D.American; China 40.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·阶段检测)Hurry up! We have ________ time. A.little B.a little C.a few D.few 练习二:真题速递 1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)In China, people usually have a dragon boat race to celebrate the ________. A.Spring Festival B.Lantern Festival C.Mid-Autumn Festival D.Dragon Boat Festival 2.(2026·云南·中考真题)My brother enjoys playing the guitar. ________ plays it every day. A.I B.You C.She D.He 3.(2026·江苏扬州·中考真题)People pay for everything on ________ smart phones. A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 4.(2026·天津·中考真题)My sister made a kite by ________ and she gave it to ________ new classmate. A.himself; his B.himself; him C.herself; hers D.herself; her 5.(2026·安徽·中考真题)Katie’s kindness makes ________ a pleasure for others to work with her. A.it B.that C.this D.one 6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A.woman hero B.women heroes C.women hero D.woman heroes 7.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ father works in the police station. A.Eric and Helen’s B.Eric and Helen C.Eric’s and Helen D.Eric’s and Helen’s 8.(2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题)—Is there ________ who wants to take part in the singing competition? —Lisa. She is good at singing. A.anyone B.anything C.someone D.something 9.(2026·江苏连云港·中考真题)The clothes that we wear send a message to the people around ________. A.we B.us C.our D.ours 10.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ________ 23, 1921. A.July B.August C.September D.October 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $新八年级衔接 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 专题02 名词和代词(新教材人教版) 七升八年级暑假特训(复习专题) 班级 姓名 学号 内 容 提 要 内 容 提 要 精讲精练 讲练结合,梳理关键考点 难点突破 突出重难点,提升能力 真题演练 感受真题,增强自信心 ------------------------------精讲精练------------------------------ 考点一:名词 1、 知识精讲 对比维度 核心内容 经典例句 易错点 / 做题注意事项 核心定义 表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的名称的词,是句子的核心名词性成分 1. My name is Li Ming. 2. I love reading books. 区分专有名词与普通名词的首字母大写规则 核心分类 1. 专有名词:特定的人、地点、机构等名称 2. 普通名词:人 / 事物 / 抽象概念的通用名称(可数 / 不可数) 专有:Beijing, the Great Wall 普通:book, water, happiness 不可数名词无复数形式,不能直接用 a/an 修饰 可数名词 有单复数变化,可直接用数字、a/an 修饰 a pen → two pens; one student → three students 1. 规则复数:+s/es(s/x/ch/sh 结尾 + es) 2. 不规则复数:man→men, child→children 不可数名词 无复数形式,表数量需用 “量词 + of + 名词” 结构 a cup of tea; two pieces of bread 常见不可数名词:water, bread, advice, information 名词所有格 表示所属关系,结构: 1. 单数名词 +’s 2. 复数名词以 s 结尾 +’ 3. 不规则复数名词 +’s the student’s book; the teachers’ office; the children’s toys 1. 表示两人共同拥有,只在最后一个名词加’s 2. 表示各自拥有,两个名词都加’s 二、习题精练 题型一:用所给名词的正确形式填空 1. There are three __________ (book) on the desk. 【答案】books 【详解】句意:桌子上有三本书。本题考查可数名词复数变化。句中数词 three(三)表示数量大于一,后面必须接可数名词复数形式。book 为规则可数名词,直接在词尾加 s,因此填 books。 2. I need some __________ (water) to drink. 【答案】water 【详解】句意:我需要一些水来喝。本题考查不可数名词用法。water(水)属于初中高频不可数名词,没有复数形式,不能直接加 s。some 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词,因此此处直接填原形 water。 3. This is __________ (Lily) pen. It’s not mine. 【答案】Lily’s 【详解】句意:这是莉莉的钢笔,它不是我的。本题考查单数名词所有格。句中 pen(钢笔)是名词,前面需要用所有格形式表示“……的”。Lily 是单数人名,单数名词变所有格直接在词尾加 ’s,表示所属关系“莉莉的”,因此填 Lily’s。 4. We can see many __________ (child) in the park on weekends. 【答案】children 【详解】句意:周末我们可以在公园里看见许多孩子。本题考查不规则名词复数变形。many(许多)后面必须接可数名词复数。child(孩子)属于初中重点不规则变化名词,复数形式不是直接加 s,而是特殊变形为 children,需要特殊记忆,因此填 children。 5. The __________ (teacher) office is on the second floor. 【答案】teachers’ 【详解】句意:教师办公室在二楼。本题考查复数名词所有格用法。“教师办公室”指全体教师共用的办公室,不是单一位老师的,因此要用复数名词所有格。teacher 的复数为 teachers,以 s 结尾的复数名词,变所有格只需在词尾加 ’,因此填 teachers’。 题型二:单项选择 1. I have two __________ and three __________ in my schoolbag. A. pencil; eraser B. pencils; erasers C. pencil; erasers D. pencils; eraser 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的书包里有两支铅笔和三块橡皮。本题考查可数名词复数规则变化。数词 two(二)和 three(三)均表示大于一的数量,后面的可数名词必须使用复数形式。pencil 和 eraser 都是规则可数名词,直接词尾加 s,因此两空都填复数形式,选 B。 2. This is __________ bedroom. It’s very clean. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily’s D. Lucy’s and Lily’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这是露西和莉莉的卧室,它非常干净。本题考查名词所有格共同拥有用法。句中 bedroom 为单数,说明两人共同拥有一间卧室。英语规则:表示两人共同拥有同一物品时,只需要在最后一个名词后加 ’s;如果是各自拥有,两个名词都需要加 ’s。本题为共同拥有,故选 C。 3. We need to buy some __________ for the party. A. bread B. apple C. cake D. flower 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们需要为派对买一些面包。本题考查some 修饰名词的用法。some 后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词复数。B、C、D 三个选项均为可数名词单数,不能直接跟在 some 后面使用;bread 是不可数名词,可以直接被 some 修饰,符合语法规则,故选 A。 4. There are many __________ (man) working in the factory. A. man B. men C. mans D. mens 【答案】B 【详解】句意:工厂里有许多男人在工作。本题考查不规则名词复数高频考点。many 后接可数名词复数。man(男人)是初中核心不规则变化名词,复数形式为 men,没有 mans、mens 这种变形,属于固定特殊变化,需要单独记忆,故选 B。 5. This is my __________ (parents) new house. A. parent B. parents C. parent’s D. parents’ 【答案】D 【详解】句意:这是我父母的新房子。本题考查复数名词所有格辨析。house 是名词,前面需要用所有格表所属“父母的”。parents(父母)本身是复数名词,以 s 结尾的复数名词变所有格,直接在词尾加 ’即可。A、B 无所有格含义,C 为单数所有格不符合语义,故选 D。 考点二:代词 一、知识精讲 对比维度 核心内容 经典例句 易错点 / 做题注意事项 核心定义 代替名词、名词短语或句子的词,避免句子重复,简化表达 1. He is a student. 2. This is a book, it is red. 区分不同代词的句法功能,主格作主语,宾格作宾语 人称代词 表示人或事物的代词,分主格、宾格 主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they 宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them 1. She likes music. (主格作主语) 2. I like her. (宾格作宾语) 1. 作主语用主格,作动词 / 介词宾语用宾格 2. 人称代词并列时,顺序为第二人称→第三人称→第一人称 物主代词 表示所属关系,分形容词性、名词性 形容词性:my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名词性:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 1. This is my bag. (形容词性 + 名词) 2. This bag is mine. (名词性单独使用) 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词,名词性物主代词后不能接名词 反身代词 表示 “自己”,结构:self/selves myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 1. I can do it by myself. 2. He taught himself English. 固定搭配:by oneself(独自)、teach oneself(自学)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心) 指示代词 指示人或事物,this/that(单数)、these/those(复数) 1. This is a pen. These are pens. 2. That is a book. Those are books. this/these 指代近处的人 / 物,that/those 指代远处的人 / 物 不定代词 指代不确定的人 / 事物,some, any, someone, anyone, something, anything 等 1. There is some water in the bottle. 2. Is there any milk in the cup? 1. some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句 / 疑问句 2. 不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数 二、习题精练 题型一:根据句意填入正确的代词 1. This is __________ (I) book. __________ (it) cover is blue. 【答案】my; Its 【详解】句意:这是我的书,它的封面是蓝色的。本题考查形容词性物主代词,修饰名词需用对应物主代词。it对应的形容词性物主代词为its,句首单词首字母大写。 2. __________ (I) can finish the work by __________ (I). 【答案】I; myself 【详解】句意:我可以独自完成这项工作。句子主语用主格I;by oneself是固定搭配,表“独自”,主语为I,对应反身代词myself。 3. These books are not __________ (my). They are __________ (she). 【答案】mine; hers 【详解】句意:这些书不是我的,是她的。空格后无名词,需使用名词性物主代词单独作表语。my对应mine,she对应hers。 4. __________ (who) is the boy over there? __________ (he) name is Tom. 【答案】Who; His 【详解】句意:那边的男孩是谁?他的名字是汤姆。询问人物身份用疑问代词Who;修饰名词name需用形容词性物主代词his。 5. We should learn to protect __________ (we) in danger. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意:我们要学会在危险中保护自己。protect oneself为固定搭配,表自我保护。主语为复数we,对应反身代词ourselves。 题型二:单项选择 1. My parents love __________ very much, and I love __________ too. A. I; they B. me; them C. I; them D. me; they 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的父母很爱我,我也很爱他们。动词后需用人称代词宾格作宾语。I的宾格是me,they的宾格是them。 2. This is not __________ pen. __________ is in the pencil box. A. my; My B. mine; My C. my; Mine D. mine; Mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这不是我的钢笔,我的钢笔在铅笔盒里。后接名词用形容词性物主代词my,无名词时用名词性物主代词mine。 3. — Help __________ to some fruit, kids! — Thank you. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——孩子们随便吃点水果!——谢谢。help oneself to sth.为固定搭配,kids为复数,对应反身代词yourselves。 4. There is __________ water in the bottle. You can drink it. A. some B. any C. many D. few 【答案】A 【详解】句意:瓶子里有一些水,你可以喝。本句为肯定句,修饰不可数名词water,需用some。any多用于否定句和疑问句。 5. __________ is my best friend. I often play with __________. A. He; he B. Him; him C. He; him D. Him; he 【答案】C 【详解】句意:他是我最好的朋友,我经常和他一起玩。句首作主语用主格he,介词后作宾语用宾格him。 ------------------------------难点突破------------------------------ 一、名词 1. 可数与不可数名词区分 不可数名词(water、bread、advice、information 等)无复数形式,不能直接加 s,也不能用 a/an 修饰;表达数量必须借助「量词 + of + 名词」结构。 2. 名词单复数易错点 ① 规则复数:s/x/ch/sh 结尾名词需加 es,不可直接加 s; ② 不规则复数:属于高频考点,重点牢记 child→children、man→men 等特殊变形,无固定规则,只能特殊记忆。 3. 名词所有格核心陷阱 ① 单数名词、不规则复数名词:直接加 ’s(例:Lily’s pen、children’s toys); ② 以 s 结尾的复数名词:只加 ’(例:teachers’ office); ③ 共有 / 各自拥有区分:多人共同拥有一物,只在最后一个名词加’s;各自拥有物品,每个名词都需加’s。 二、代词 1. 人称代词主格、宾格混用 ① 句子主语位置,必须用主格(I、he、she、they); ② 动词、介词后作宾语,必须用宾格(me、him、her、them); ③ 人称代词并列顺序固定:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。 2. 物主代词核心区分(最高频易错) ① 形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her):后面必须接名词,不可单独使用; ② 名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers):后面绝对不能接名词,可单独作主语、表语、宾语,等同于「形容词性物主代词 + 名词」。 3. 反身代词固定搭配必考 牢记高频固定短语:by oneself(独自)、help oneself to sth.(随便吃/用)、protect oneself(自我保护),需根据主语单复数、人称匹配对应反身代词。 4. 不定代词用法陷阱 ① some 多用于肯定句,any 多用于否定句、疑问句; ② 不定代词(someone、something 等)作主语时,谓语动词统一用单数形式。 ------------------------------真题演练------------------------------ 练习一:综合演练 1.(25-26八年级上·天津·开学考试)________ is important for us to learn a foreign language. A.This B.That C.It D.One 【答案】C 【详解】句意:学一门外语对我们来说很重要。 考查it固定用法。 it is +形容词+for + sb+ to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……”,固定用法,it放句首首字母需大写。故选C。 2.(25-26八年级上·全国·开学考试)Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ________ and ________ on their pizza. A.tomatos, cheese B.tomatoes, cheeses C.tomatoes, cheese D.tomato, cheese 【答案】C 【详解】句意:Mary和梅梅想要在她们的披萨上加蘑菇,西红柿和奶酪。 考查名词复数。tomatos拼写错误;cheese奶酪,不可数名词;tomatoes西红柿,可数名词复数形式;cheeses拼写错误;tomato西红柿,可数名词单数形式。根据“Mary and Meimei would like mushrooms, ...and...on their pizza.” 可知,此处表示想要蘑菇,西红柿和奶酪。“mushrooms”为复数,因此“西红柿”也需用复数形式tomatoes;“cheese”作为不可数名词,无复数形式。故选C。 3.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·阶段检测)—I want to buy ________ for my mother to make her happy on her birthday. —That’s a great idea. A.special anything B.anything special C.special something D.something special 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——我想给我妈妈买一些特别的东西,让她在生日那天开心。——那是个好主意。 考查不定代词的用法。something用在肯定句中;anything用在否定句和疑问句中;形容词修饰不定代词,要放在其后。根据“I want to buy...for my mother to make her happy on her birthday.”可知,此处为肯定句,表示“一些特别的东西”,形容词special应放在不定代词something之后。故选D。 4.(25-26八年级上·安徽蚌埠·期末)Jim said the books were on the shelf, but there was ________ there. I only found some magazines. A.no one B.no C.nothing D.none 【答案】D 【详解】句意:吉姆说书在书架上,但那里什么(书)也没有。我只找到了一些杂志。 考查不定代词辨析。no one没有人;no不;nothing没有东西;none一个也没有(指代前面提到的可数或不可数名词)。根据前文“the books were on the shelf”可知,此处指代“书”一个也没有,且空格后已有“there”,需用none指代“not any books”。故选D。 5.(25-26八年级上·安徽合肥·期末)— Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well, so there’s _________ to fear. — Thanks for encouraging me. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——别担心考试。你准备得很好,所以没什么可害怕的。——感谢你的鼓励。 考查不定代词辨析。something某事;anything任何事;nothing没什么;everything一切。根据“Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well”可知,因为准备充分,所以没有什么需要害怕的,应选择表示否定意义的词nothing。故选C。 6.(25-26八年级上·全国·开学考试)I’d like some ________ and a glass of milk for breakfast. A.potato B.egg C.bread D.tomato 【答案】C 【详解】句意:早餐我想要一些面包和一杯牛奶。 考查名词辨析。potato土豆(可数名词);egg鸡蛋(可数名词);bread面包(不可数名词);tomato西红柿(可数名词)。句中“some”后需接不可数名词或复数名词,而“bread”为不可数名词,且符合早餐搭配习惯。故选C。 7.(25-26七年级下·甘肃武威·期末)—What kind of soup would you like? —I’d like ________ soup. A.beef and carrots B.tomatoes and egg C.beef and carrot D.tomato and eggs 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你想要什么汤?——我想要牛肉胡萝卜汤。 当名词修饰另一个名词时,通常使用单数形式。选项A、B、D中分别使用了复数名词carrots、tomatoes、eggs修饰soup,不符合语法规则;C项beef是不可数名词,carrot是单数名词,符合语法规则。 8.(24-25七年级下·西藏昌都·期末)—What do you like for breakfast? —________. A.Two piece of bread B.Two pieces of bread C.Two pieces of breads D.Two breads 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——早餐你想要吃什么?——两片面包。 bread是不可数名词,表达多个数量时,应该用“数词+量词复数+of+不可数名词”,故“两片面包”的正确表达方式是Two pieces of bread。 9.(25-26七年级下·天津河东·期末)My singing competition was great. I think I have a better ________ of winning a medal. A.choice B.chance C.basket D.stomach 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的歌唱比赛发挥得很好。我认为我有更大的机会赢得奖牌。 choice选择;chance机会;basket篮子;stomach胃。根据“My singing competition was great.”可知,比赛表现好,所以有更大获胜机会,故选chance。 10.(25-26七年级下·江苏淮安·期末)— Jack, can I borrow your books? I forgot to bring ________. — Sure, here you are. Don’t forget to give them back after class. A.my B.mine C.your D.yours 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——杰克,我能借你的书吗?我忘记带我的了。——当然,给你。下课后别忘了还给我。 my我的;mine我的(东西);your你的;yours你的(东西)。空后无名词,需用名词性物主代词,指忘记带“我的书”,应用mine指代。 11.(25-26七年级下·天津西青·期末)My parents love our hometown very much, so ________ of them went back to help build a new countryside. A.all B.both C.no one D.neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的父母非常热爱我们的家乡,所以他们俩都回去帮忙建设新的乡村了。 all三者或三者以上,都;both两者都;no one没有人;neither两者都不。根据“My parents”可知,是指父母两个人,排除指三者及以上的A;根据“love ... so ...”可知,是肯定含义,排除表示否定的C和D。 12.(25-26七年级下·江苏镇江·期末)—Is there________ new in today’s newspaper about the Yellow Mountain? —Yes. The report says the cloud sea is amazing. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——今天报纸上有关于黄山的新消息吗?——有的,报道说云海美极了。 something某物;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么;everything一切。根据问句是一般疑问句可知,疑问句中表示“一些事物”要用anything,应填anything。 13.(25-26七年级下·江苏南通·期末)—More and more students enjoy e-reading in their free time. —That’s true, but not ________ is interested in it. Some students like paper reading better. A.nobody B.somebody C.anybody D.everybody 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——越来越多的学生在空闲时间喜欢电子阅读。——那是真的,但不是每个人都对它感兴趣。有些学生更喜欢纸质阅读。 nobody没有人;somebody某人;anybody任何人;everybody每个人。根据答语“That’s true, but ...”表示转折,以及后文“Some students like paper reading better.”可知,虽然越来越多的学生喜欢电子阅读,但并非所有人都喜欢,此处表示部分否定。not everybody意为“不是每个人”符合语境。 14.(24-25七年级下·湖北武汉·阶段检测)—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? —________ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我可以今晚来还是明天早上来?——哪个时间都可以。我今天和明天都有空。 Either两者中的任何一个;Neither两者都不;Both两者都(谓语动词用复数);None三者或以上都不。根据问句“this evening or tomorrow morning”可知,是两者中选择;后句“I’m free today and tomorrow”说明两个时间都有空,因此“任何一个”都可以,应填Either。 15.(25-26八年级下·江苏南通·阶段检测)It is necessary _________ middle school students _________ master basic manners and develop a sense of responsibility. A.for; to B.of; to C.for; in D.of; in 【答案】A 【详解】句意:对于中学生来说,掌握基本礼仪和培养责任感是必要的。 for对于;of属于……的;to不定式符号;in在……里。固定句型:It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.;形容词necessary用来描述“做这件事”的客观属性,用介词for;第二个空不定式符号to后接动词原形master构成真正主语,符合句型用法。 16.(25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段检测)The weather report says there will be much ________ in Yancheng next week. If it is ________, the children will have a snowball fight with their friends. A.snowy; snowy B.snow; snowy C.snowy; snow D.snow; snow 【答案】B 【详解】句意:天气预报说下周盐城将会有很多雪。如果是下雪天,孩子们将会和他们的朋友打雪仗。 snow为名词,意为“雪”;snowy为形容词,意为“下雪的”。第一空“much”修饰不可数名词,故填snow;第二空be动词“is”后接形容词作表语,故填snowy。 17.(25-26八年级上·云南曲靖·阶段检测)—How much yogurt do we need? —We need ________ yogurt. A.two B.two cup of C.two cups D.two cups of 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——我们需要多少酸奶?——我们需要两杯酸奶。 yogurt为不可数名词,表示具体数量时需借助量词,结构为“数词+量词(复数)+of+不可数名词”。数词two大于1,量词cup需用复数cups,且连接名词yogurt需加介词of,即two cups of yogurt。 18.(25-26七年级上·江苏南京·阶段检测)How many ______ do you want? A.bottle of apple juice B.bottle of apple juices C.bottles of apple juice D.bottles of apples juice 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你想要多少瓶苹果汁? bottle of apple juice一瓶苹果汁;bottle of apple juices表达有误;bottles of apple juice多瓶苹果汁;bottles of apples juice表达有误。How many后接可数名词复数,因此量词bottle需用复数形式bottles;apple juice是不可数名词,juice无复数形式,且名词作定语修饰juice时通常用单数apple。所以选C。 19.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)Computer Science is so ________ that I show great ________ in it. A.interest; interesting B.interesting; interest C.interested; interesting D.interesting; interested 【答案】B 【详解】句意:计算机科学是如此有趣以至于我对它表现出极大的兴趣。 interesting有趣的,常修饰物;interested感兴趣的,常修饰人;interest兴趣。第一空主语Computer Science是物,用interesting;第二空great修饰名词,且show interest in为固定搭配,用interest。故选B。 20.(24-25七年级上·江苏淮安·阶段检测)—________ is this English book? — I think it is our ________. A.Whose; teacher’s B.Who; teacher C.Whose; teachers D.Who; teacher’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这本英语书是谁的?——我想是我们老师的。 Whose意为“谁的”,询问归属;Who意为“谁”,询问人物身份;名词后加’s 构成所有格。结合语境,问句询问书的归属,第一空选Whose;答语表示“我们老师的(书)”,第二空用teacher’s。故填 Whose; teacher’s。 21.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)I don’t have enough time to take ________ after school, because my mother lets me sit at the desk to do ________ all the time. A.exercises; exercises B.exercise; exercises C.exercises; exercise D.exercise; exercise 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我没有足够的时间在放学后锻炼,因为我妈妈让我一直坐在书桌前做练习题。 exercise锻炼; exercises练习。exercise作“锻炼”讲时是不可数名词,take exercise意为“锻炼”;作“练习题”讲时是可数名词,常用复数exercises,do exercises意为“做练习题”。根据句意可知第一空指锻炼,第二空指练习题。故填exercise; exercises。 22.(25-26八年级上·江苏南通·开学考试)—Will you buy the jeans? —Well, I can’t decide which ________ to buy. I think the jeans ________ are nice. But I am short of money. A.one; themselves B.pair; themselves C.one; itself D.pair; itself 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你要买这条牛仔裤吗?——嗯,我无法决定买哪条。我觉得这些牛仔裤本身挺不错的。但是我缺钱。 考查代词辨析和反身代词。one泛指一个;pair(由两个相连的类似部分组成的)一套。根据“Will you buy the jeans?”和“I can’t decide which ... to buy.”可知,无法决定买哪条,用pair代替jeans,排除AC。themselves它们自己;itself它自己。根据“I think the jeans ... are nice.”可知,jeans是复数,此处用themselves。故选B。 23.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·开学考试)—________ desks are these?   —They are ________ desks. A.Who; Ray’s and Lucy B.Whose; Ray and Lucy’s C.Who; Ray’s and Lucy’s D.Whose; Ray’s and Lucy’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这些是谁的桌子?——它们是Ray和Lucy的。 考查特殊疑问句和名词所有格。who谁;whose谁的。根据“desks are these”可知此处询问是谁的桌子,疑问词用whose;根据“desks”可知这些桌子是Ray和Lucy分别拥有的,表示两个人分别拥有物品时,两个人的名字后都使用所有格。故选D。 24.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·开学考试)—Tom bought me a big birthday cake. It was a big ________ for me. —Yeah, we were all ________ at it at the party. A.surprise; surprised B.surprising; surprised C.surprised; surprising D.surprise; surprise 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——汤姆给我买了一个大生日蛋糕。这对我来说是一个大惊喜。——是的,我们在聚会上都感到很惊讶。 考查surprise和surprised用法。surprise惊喜,名词;surprised感到惊讶的,形容词,修饰人;surprising令人惊讶的,形容词,修饰物。根据“a big”可知,第一个空应填名词surprise,表示一个大惊喜;根据“we were all ... at it”可知,第二个空用形容词surprised,作表语,修饰人,表示我们都感到很惊讶,be surprised at“对……感到惊讶”。故选A。 25.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段检测)The teachers warn us ________ attention to our ________ while crossing the roads. A.paying; safe B.pay; safely C.to pay; safe D.to pay; safety 【答案】D 【详解】句意:老师们提醒我们过马路时要注意安全。 考查非谓语动词及名词辨析。paying支付,现在分词;safe安全的,形容词;pay支付,动词原形;safely安全地,副词;to pay支付,动词不定式;safety安全,名词。warn sb. to do sth.是固定结构,意为“提醒某人做某事”,第一空需用动词不定式,pay attention to关注,注意,为动词短语;第二空前有形容词性物主代词our,需接名词。故选D。 26.(24-25七年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末)I have some ________ and ________ for breakfast. A.rices; potato B.rices; potatoes C.rice; potatos D.rice; potatoes 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我早餐吃一些米饭和土豆。 some后接可数名词复数和不可数名词,rice是不可数名词,没有复数形式,而potato是可数名词,其复数形式是potatoes,所以选rice;potatoes。 27.(25-26七年级下·安徽合肥·期末)Life is full of ups and downs. If you try your best to solve them, you can get both happiness and ________ from them. A.instruction B.description C.attention D.experience 【答案】D 【详解】句意:生活充满了起起落落。如果你尽力去解决它们,你就能从中获得快乐和经验。 instruction指示,说明;description描述,描写;attention注意,关注;experience经验,经历。根据“Life is full of ups and downs”和“try your best to solve them”可知,在应对生活中的波折和困难过程中,除了快乐,还能从中获得的是“经验”——即从实践中积累的知识或感悟,应填experience。 28.(24-25八年级上·江苏·阶段检测)—I’m so hungry after working for a whole day. Can I have a hamburger? —Oh dear. There’s ________ in the fridge, but I will order one for you. A.none B.nothing C.nobody D.anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——工作了一整天后我太饿了。我能吃个汉堡吗?——哦天哪。冰箱里没有,但我会为你点一个。 none没有一个;nothing没有什么东西;nobody没有人;anything任何事。根据“There’s... in the fridge”及后文“but I will order one”可知冰箱里没有汉堡,强调汉堡的数量是零,none通常用于回答数量或指代特定事物的数量为零。故选A。 29.(24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测)—The museums in Beijing are more famous than ________ in Yangzhou. —Yes, but the weather in Yangzhou is better than ________ in Beijing. A.that; those B.those; that C.ones; that D.ones; one 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——北京的博物馆比扬州的那些更出名。——是的,但是扬州的天气比北京的那个更好。 that那个;those那些;ones一些,指代复数的人或物;one一个,指代单数的人或物。在比较级中,为了避免重复,常用that指代单数名词或不可数名词,用those指代复数名词。第一空指代复数名词The museums,应用those;第二空指代不可数名词the weather,用that。故选B。 30.(24-25八年级上·天津·阶段检测)The population of our hometown is ________ than ________ of yours. A.more; this B.more; that C.larger; this D.larger; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我们家乡的人口比你们家乡的人口更多。 修饰“population(人口)”的大小,要用形容词large/big,其比较级为larger,不能用more;在比较级句型中,指代前面出现的同类不可数名词(此处指代the population),常用that,而this通常指代近处或即将提到的事物,因此用larger; that,符合语境。 31.(24-25八年级上·陕西西安·阶段检测)The problem is ________ difficult that ________ students can solve it. A.too; few B.so; little C.so; few D.too; a little 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这道题如此难,几乎没有学生能解答。 few少,修饰可数名词;little少,修饰不可数名词,表否定;a little少量,修饰不可数名词,表肯定。“so... that...”表示“如此……以至于……”;“students”是可数名词复数,用“few”修饰,“little”和“a little”修饰不可数名词。 32.(24-25八年级上·四川广安·阶段检测)It’s natural ________ the new words. Why not ________ in the dictionary again? A.to forget; look up them B.to forget; look them up C.forgetting; look it for D.forgot; look after them 【答案】B 【详解】句意:忘记生词是很自然的。为什么不再次在字典里查阅它们呢? It’s+adj.+to do sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事是……的”,第一空应用动词不定式to forget;look up意为“查阅”。此处指代前面“new words”,是复数形式,应用“them”,且宾语为代词them时,需放在动词和副词中间,即look them up。 33.(25-26七年级下·江西·阶段检测)________ you learn ________ when you were in the countryside? A.Did; something useful B.Did; anything useful C.Did; useful anything D.Did; useful something 【答案】B 【详解】句意:当你在乡下时,你学到了什么有用的东西吗? 根据时间状语“when you were in the countryside”中的“were”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,第一空助动词用Did;本句为一般疑问句,通常用anything代替something;形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,第二空应填anything useful。 34.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)This pair of shoes looks ________, and ________ my trousers. May I________? A.well; match; try it on B.good; matches; try it on C.nice; matches; try them on D.good; match; try on them 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这双鞋看起来很好看,并且搭配我的裤子。我可以试穿它们吗? 第一空looks为系动词,后接形容词作表语,well通常作副词,作形容词只表示“身体好”,排除; good/nice都是形容词,都可以填;第二空主语This pair of shoes中心词是pair,表单数,谓语动词应用三单形式matches;第三空try on接代词作宾语时,代词需置于中间,且指代shoes应用复数代词them。应选nice; matches; try them on。 35.(23-24七年级上·山东菏泽·阶段检测)________ am Jenny. This is ________ new pen. A.I; I B.I; my C.My; my D.My; I 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我是Jenny。这是我的新钢笔。 第一空后是be动词am,主语需用主格形式I;第二空修饰名词pen,需用形容词性物主代词my。A选项第二空用了主格I,不能修饰名词;C、D选项第一空用了形容词性物主代词My,不能作主语。故选B。 36.(25-26七年级下·上海·阶段检测)________ I grew older, I liked to reread the ________ regularly. A.If; classic B.As; classical C.If; classics D.As; classics 【答案】D 【详解】句意:随着我年龄的增长,我喜欢定期重读经典著作。 If如果;As随着;classic经典作品;classical“经典的”。第一空:根据句意表示“随着”时间变化,应用连词As引导时间状语从句。第二空:the后接名词,作reread的宾语,日常表达“重读经典”,默认指多部作品,因此用复数classics。 37.(25-26七年级上·江苏盐城·期中)—Daniel, what would you like for your dinner? — I’d like to buy some ________ and two ________. A.potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——丹尼尔,你晚饭想吃什么?——我想买些西红柿和两公斤牛肉。 potatoes土豆,复数;potato土豆,单数;kilos of beefs几公斤牛肉,错误表达;kilos of beef几公斤牛肉;tomatoes西红柿,复数;tomato西红柿,单数。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,potato和tomato为可数名词,需用复数形式potatoes或tomatoes,据此排除B和D选项;beef意为“牛肉”,属于不可数名词,没有复数形式,两公斤牛肉应表达为two kilos of beef,据此排除A选项。 38.(24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测)________ teachers in their school is about 200 and one-third of them are ________ teachers. A.A number of, women B.A number of, woman C.The number of, women D.The number of, woman 【答案】C 【详解】句意:他们学校的教师人数大约是200人,其中三分之一是女教师。 a number of许多,谓语动词用复数;women女人,复数;the number of……的数量,谓语动词用单数;woman女人,单数。根据“…the teachers in their school is about 200”可知,谓语“is”说明第一空表示数量,应用The number of。根据“one-third of them are…teachers.”可知,men或women作定语修饰复数名词时,前置名词需用复数形式,根据“teachers”可知第二空应用women。应填The number of;women。 39.(24-25七年级上·甘肃酒泉·期末)—Are these boys from ________?         —No, they are ________. A.America; Chinese B.American; Chinese C.America; China D.American; China 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这些男孩来自美国吗?——不,他们是中国人。 America美国;American美国人,美国的;China中国;Chinese中国人,中国的。“from”是介词,后面需要接国家名词,故第一个空填America;are是系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语,描述“他们”的国籍,身份,故填Chinese。 40.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·阶段检测)Hurry up! We have ________ time. A.little B.a little C.a few D.few 【答案】A 【详解】句意:快点!我们没什么时间了。 little“几乎没有”,修饰不可数名词;a little“一点”,修饰不可数名词;a few“有几个、少数几个”,修饰可数名词;few“几乎没有”,修饰可数名词。根据“Hurry up!”可知情况紧急,表示时间所剩无几,含否定意味,且time为不可数名词,应用little。 练习二:真题速递 1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)In China, people usually have a dragon boat race to celebrate the ________. A.Spring Festival B.Lantern Festival C.Mid-Autumn Festival D.Dragon Boat Festival 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在中国,人们通常会举行龙舟赛来庆祝端午节。 考查专有名词。Spring Festival春节;Lantern Festival元宵节;Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节;Dragon Boat Festival端午节。根据“dragon boat race”以及常识可知,龙舟赛是端午节的标志性活动。故选D。 2.(2026·云南·中考真题)My brother enjoys playing the guitar. ________ plays it every day. A.I B.You C.She D.He 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我哥哥喜欢弹吉他。他每天都弹。 I我;You你/你们;She她;He他。空处在句中作主语,根据前句“My brother”可知是男性第三人称单数,应用He指代。 3.(2026·江苏扬州·中考真题)People pay for everything on ________ smart phones. A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 【答案】C 【详解】句意:人们用他们的智能手机支付一切。 they他们;them他们;their他们的;theirs他们的(所有物)。根据空格后名词“smart phones”可知,此处需用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词,表示“他们的手机”,填their。 4.(2026·天津·中考真题)My sister made a kite by ________ and she gave it to ________ new classmate. A.himself; his B.himself; him C.herself; hers D.herself; her 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我姐姐独自制作了一个风筝,并把它给了她的新同学。 himself他自己;his他的;him他;herself她自己;hers她的(名词性物主代词);her她/她的。第一空主语“my sister”是女性,by oneself表示“独自”,故填herself;第二空修饰名词classmate需用形容词性物主代词,对应女性主语用her。 5.(2026·安徽·中考真题)Katie’s kindness makes ________ a pleasure for others to work with her. A.it B.that C.this D.one 【答案】A 【详解】句意:凯蒂的善良使和她一起工作对别人来说是一件愉快的事。   it它;that那个;this这个;one一个(指代同类事物中的一个)。“make+it+名词/形容词+for sb. to do”是固定句型,其中it作形式宾语,后面的不定式短语“to work with her”为真正的宾语。故选用it。 6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A.woman hero B.women heroes C.women hero D.woman heroes 【答案】B 【详解】句意:中国历史上有许多著名的女英雄。 考查名词复数。含有woman修饰名词时,变为复数时,需要将woman和所修饰词一起变为复数;hero的复数是heroes,因此women heroes符合句意,故选B。 7.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ father works in the police station. A.Eric and Helen’s B.Eric and Helen C.Eric’s and Helen D.Eric’s and Helen’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意:Eric和Helen的爸爸在警察局工作。 考查名词所有格。此空修饰名词father,应用名词所有格,排除B选项;father是单数,此处表示两个人共同的父亲,在最后一个人名后加’s,故选A。 8.(2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题)—Is there ________ who wants to take part in the singing competition? —Lisa. She is good at singing. A.anyone B.anything C.someone D.something 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——有谁想参加歌唱比赛吗?——丽萨。她擅长唱歌。 anyone任何人;anything任何事;someone某人;something某事。根据“Is there...who wants to take part in the singing competition?”,此处询问是否有人想参加歌唱比赛,疑问句中应用anyone。 9.(2026·江苏连云港·中考真题)The clothes that we wear send a message to the people around ________. A.we B.us C.our D.ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们穿的衣服向我们周围的人传递信息。 we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据“around...”可知,around是介词,介词后接人称代词宾格形式,us符合语境。 10.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ________ 23, 1921. A.July B.August C.September D.October 【答案】A 【详解】句意:中国共产党成立于1921年7月23日。 考查名词辨析。July七月;August八月;September九月;October十月。根据常识可知,中国共产党成立于1921年7月23日。故选A。 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题02 名词和代词-【暑假逆袭】2026-2027学年 初中英语七升八 暑假语法衔接讲义(人教版)
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