精品解析：江苏南京市建邺区新城中学2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末调研测试卷

初二英语新城中学期末调研测试试卷 (2026.06) 时间 100 分钟 总分 100 分 第一卷(选择题)(共45分) 一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 第一部分 听对话回答问题。 听下面 10 段对话。每段对话后有 1 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the sign say? 2. Which transport does the man ask people’ to use? 3. What does the man suggest the woman to take? 4. When is the Clean-Up Day? 5. What does the man mean? A. Animals should live in cages. B. He agrees with the woman. C. Animals should live in the wild. 6. What can we know about the pork? A. Its price has risen. B. It’s as expensive as fish. C.It’s cheaper at other supermarket 7. Where are they talking? A. At the doctor’s. B. In the restaurant. C. At home. 8. What do you think of Kate? A. She’s beautiful. B. She’s helpful. C. She’s lazy. 9. When will Grandpa arrive? A. On July 6th. B. On July 13th. C. On July 20th. 10. What does the man mean? A. He agrees to close the windows. B. He wants to leave the windows open. C. He wants to open the windows. 第二部分 听对话和短文回答问题。 听对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第 11~12 小题。 11. What are they talking about? A. How to go to school. B. How to recycle waste paper. C. How to save the environment. 12. What’s the fast way? A. Using a bag instead of plastic bags. B. Saving money when shopping online. C. Riding a bike to work every day. 听第二段独白，回答第13 至 15 小题。 School trip to Nanjing What time Got to the station at 13 . How to travel By 14 . What to do · First we visited the Science Museum and learned a lot about robots.· Then we went to buy some gifts. What the guide taught us How to 15 . Feelings Tired but happy. 13. A.7:50 a. m. B.7:15 a. m. C.6:45 a. m. 14. A. train B. bus C. bike 15. A. take photos B. make a model plane C. make a model robot 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) A 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I couldn’t go out for a trip because of the bad weather. However, I had an amazing experience at home: I traveled to the Great Wall online with my friends! As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. I ____1____ Beijing twice with my parents, but I have never visited the Great Wall in person. Through the cloud tour, I could see the ancient walls ____2____ on my screen. It was very hard for ancient people to build such a huge wall. The online tour was ____3____ for me to finish in just a few hours, much cheaper than a real trip. I ____4____ by the beautiful scenery and ancient people’s wisdom. In the future, digital travel ____5____ more popular among young people, but I still hope to visit the Great Wall in person one day. 1. A. have been to B. have gone to C. have been in D. have gone in 2. A. clear B. clearly C. unclear D. unclearly 3. A. easy enough B. too easy C. enough difficult D. too difficult 4. A. was amazed B. amazed C. was amazing D. amazing 5. A. will be become B. will become C. is become D. became 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了去年夏天作者因天气不好无法外出旅行，却在家通过“云旅游”与朋友在线游览了长城。作者曾去过北京两次但未亲临长城，通过在线游览清晰看到城墙，感叹古人建造之艰辛。在线旅游耗时短且便宜，作者被美景和智慧震撼，并认为未来数字旅游会更受欢迎，但仍希望有一天能亲身前往。 【1题详解】 句意：我和我的父母去过北京两次，但我从未亲自参观过长城。 表示“去过某地，现已返回”，应用“have been to”。“have gone to”表示“去了某地，尚未返回”，不符合；“have been in”表示“在某地待了多久”，常接时间段；“have gone in”表达错误。 【2题详解】 句意：通过云旅游，我能在屏幕上清晰地看到古老的城墙。 修饰动词“see”应用副词，表示“清晰地”，应填“clearly”。“clear”为形容词，不能修饰动词；“unclear”也是形容词，且意为“不清楚的”，意思相反；“unclearly”为副词但意为“模糊地”，也不符合语境。 【3题详解】 句意：在线旅游对我来说很容易，只需几个小时就能完成，比真实旅行便宜得多。 根据后文“to finish in just a few hours, much cheaper than a real trip”可知，在线旅行应该更容易。“easy enough”表示“足够容易”，enough修饰形容词时后置，语法和句意上正确；“too easy”意为“太容易”，暗含超出预期或不好的意味，不符合；“enough difficult”语序错误；“too difficult”意为“太难”，与“只需几个小时”矛盾。 【4题详解】 句意：我被美丽的风景和古人的智慧震撼了。 主语为“I”，后接“by”引出施动者，应用被动语态“was amazed”。“amazed”作形容词时需加be动词，但单独“amazed”不能作谓语；“was amazing”为主动语态，表示“令人惊讶”，主语应为物；“amazing”作形容词不能单独作谓语。 【5题详解】 句意：未来，数字旅游将在年轻人中变得更受欢迎，但我仍希望有一天能亲自去长城看看。 时间状语“In the future”表明时态为一般将来时，“will become”结构正确。“will be become”中“be”和“become”重复，错误；“is become”结构错误，且不是将来时；“became”为过去式，时态不符。 B Alex was excited to visit his cousin Lucas in Brazil. He had never been to South America before, and he couldn’t wait to walk around the colorful streets and try the delicious food. But his mom ____6____ him, “Every country has its own way of doing things. When in Rome, do as the Romans do!” The first day, Lucas took Alex to a local festival. The streets were ____7____ with music, dancing and lots of people. Lucas introduced Alex to his friends, and each time, Alex tried to give them a usual handshake.____8____, Lucas kept saying, “No, no, Alex! You have to do the Brazilian handshake!” Lucas showed Alex a special handshake. First, they did a high-five ____9____ by a shoulder bump. After that, they crossed their arms and spun (旋转) around, and then they turned back to shake each other’s hand. Alex got so confused (疑惑) that he hit Lucas in the nose, “Ouch!” Lucas shouted, laughing. “That’s not how you do it!” Alex’s face turned red, but he laughed too, “I guess I need more ____10____!” Alex tried to follow many more times, but he kept going wrong. Every time he tried, he ended up____11____ Lucas in the face or making a funny noise. Even though Alex kept making mistakes, everyone thought it was interesting. They all tried to ____12____ him the Brazilian handshake, and soon, the whole group were laughing and messing up together. Alex realized that sometimes, making mistakes can be the ____13____ part of learning. By the end of the day, Alex finally got it ____14____ after trying the handshake so many times. He felt ____15____ of himself and grateful for the fun time with his cousin and new friends. He learned that being open to new things and having a sense of humour can make any trip amazing. 6. A. trained B. advised C. prevented D. invited 7. A. filled B. covered C. decorated D. built 8. A. Since B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 9. A. cleared B. started C. followed D. moved 10. A. support B. business C. practice D. discussion 11. A. tying B. hitting C. missing D. breaking 12. A. teach B. send C. offer D. leave 13. A. safest B. wisest C. simplest D. tiniest 14. A. fast B. lost C. past D. right 15. A. tired B. proud C. afraid D. strange 【答案】6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Alex去巴西看望表哥Lucas的经历。在当地节日上，Alex学习巴西特色握手方式时频频出错，却意外收获了欢乐与友谊。他最终明白，犯错也是学习的一部分，敞开心扉接纳新事物、保有幽默感，能让旅途充满惊喜。 【6题详解】 句意：但妈妈劝告他：“每个国家都有自己的行事方式，要入乡随俗。” 妈妈在Alex出发前给出提醒与建议，应用advised“劝告、建议”。trained“训练”，prevented“阻止”，invited“邀请”，均不符合母亲叮嘱孩子的语境。 【7题详解】 句意：街道上满是音乐、舞蹈，挤满了人。 “be filled with”为固定搭配，意为“充满、挤满”，符合节日热闹的场景。covered“覆盖”，decorated“装饰”，built“建造”，均不构成该固定搭配，也不符合节日街道的氛围。 【8题详解】 句意：Lucas把Alex介绍给自己的朋友，每次Alex都想用常规的握手方式，然而Lucas一直说：“不对不对，Alex！你得用巴西式握手！” 前后分句为转折关系，Alex的习惯和当地礼仪不同，应用However“然而”。Since“因为” 表原因，Moreover“此外” 表递进，Otherwise“否则”表条件，均不符合逻辑。 【9题详解】 句意：首先他们击掌，紧接着碰一下肩膀。 “followed by”为固定表达，意为“紧接着、随后是”，用于描述动作的先后顺序。cleared“清除”，started“开始”，moved“移动”，均不符合动作衔接的语境。 【10题详解】 句意：我猜我需要更多练习！ Alex一直做错动作，明白学习新的握手方式需要更多练习，practice“练习”符合语境。support“支持”，business“生意”，discussion“讨论”，均不符合语境。 【11题详解】 句意：他每一次尝试，最后要么打到Lucas的脸，要么发出奇怪的声响。 前文已经提到Alex出错打到了Lucas的鼻子，此处指Alex总出错，最终打到Lucas脸上，hitting表示“击打”，符合语境。tying“系”，missing“错过”，breaking“打碎”，均不符合动作描述。 【12题详解】 句意：他们都试着教他巴西式握手，很快，整群人都笑着一起出错、一起玩闹。 Alex不会巴西式握手，在场的朋友都想教他这个动作，应用teach“教”。send“发送”，offer“提供”，leave“离开”，均不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：Alex 意识到，有时犯错会是学习里最明智的环节。 结合全文，犯错不仅没带来尴尬，反而让大家拉近距离、共同成长，因此是学习中最明智的部分，应用wisest“最明智的”。safest“最安全的”，simplest“最简单的”，tiniest“最微小的”，均不符合文章主旨。 【14题详解】 句意：一天下来，在尝试了无数次之后，Alex终于做对了。 “get it right”为固定搭配，意为“做对、弄明白”，符合他最终学会握手的结果。fast“快速地”，lost“迷路的”，past“过去的”，均不构成该固定搭配。 【15题详解】 句意：他为自己感到自豪，也很感激能和表哥、新朋友度过这段欢乐的时光。 “feel proud of”为固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”，符合他学会新事物后的成就感。tired“疲惫的”，afraid“害怕的”，strange“奇怪的”，均不符合积极的情绪基调。 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每题1分，共15分) A There will be events in Hong Kong on May 10, 11, 18, and 25. There will also be events in Macau on May 24 and 25. 16. People can take part in the event in Macau ________. A. on May 10 B. on May 11 C. on May 18 D. on May 25 17. The picture shows ________. A. the results of the event B. the costs of the event C. the purpose of the event D. the history of the event 18. What’s the picture mainly about? A. Health. B. Charity. C. Lifestyle. D. Traveling. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇通告，介绍了慈善机构乐施会的慈善活动“米饭节”。 【16题详解】 根据图片下文字“There will also be events in Macau on May 24 and 25”，可知澳门的活动举办日是5月24日和25日。 【17题详解】 根据图片中的文字“The money raised is used to support Oxfam’s poverty reduction and development programmes”，可知主要描述的是举办活动的目的。 【18题详解】 根据图片中的文字“The money raised is used to support Oxfam’s poverty reduction and development programmes”，说明这幅图片主要介绍了筹集善款的“米饭节”，属于慈善活动。 B Food brings people together across cultures, but table manners can sometimes create quite a cultural divide. What seems normal in one country might leave visitors confused in another. Let’s see some eating customs around the world. In Western countries, making noise while eating is considered rude. However, slurping (出声地吃) your noodles in Japan is encouraged! This is because slurping is considered a sign that you are really enjoying the meal. It also helps mix air with the noodles, making them taste better. So to a Japanese chef, the sound of your slurp is the best praise. In Russia, people believe that passing a salt shaker (盐瓶) directly from one person to another leads to an argument between them. Instead, salt should be placed on the table for the other person to pick up. While passing the salt at the dinner table, try not to spill it, or it could lead to an argument as well. If this happens, you should throw some spilled salt over your left shoulder and do it with a laugh. Then, everything should turn out just fine. In Italy, there’s an unwritten rule that cappuccino should only be consumed at breakfast. If you order one after 11 am, or after lunch or dinner, the waiter might be a little surprised. This is because Italians think that milk is hard to digest (消化) and believe drinking it late in the day can hurt your stomach. In India, it’s very common to eat with your hands. However, there is an important rule: you should only use your right hand. The left hand, considered unclean, must not be used for eating. For this reason, people in India often use bread like naan to scoop up their food. 19. Why do Japanese people slurp when eating noodles? A. To cool the noodles down. B. To show respect to the waiter. C. To show they enjoy the meal. D. To follow strict table manners. 20. Why must people avoid eating with their left hand in India? A. The left hand is used for drinking. B. The left hand is considered unclean. C. The left hand is too weak to hold food. D. The left hand is only for serving others. 21. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To encourage people to try new foods. B. To show how food can connect different cultures. C. To describe dining rules in several countries. D. To show why table manners are important to travellers. 【答案】19. C 20. B 21. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了日本、俄罗斯、意大利和印度四个国家的不同餐桌礼仪和饮食习惯。 【19题详解】 第二段提到“slurping is considered a sign that you are really enjoying the meal”，因此日本人吃面条时发出声音是为了表示他们享受这顿饭。 【20题详解】 最后一段提到“you should only use your right hand. The left hand, considered unclean, must not be used for eating.”，因此在印度避免用左手吃饭是因为左手被认为不洁。 【21题详解】 全文分别介绍了日本、俄罗斯、意大利和印度的餐桌礼仪和饮食习惯，“描述几个国家的用餐规则”最能概括文章主旨。 C I hoped to be set free one day, so I was nice to the Lilliputians. Gradually, ▲ Sometimes the children even played hide-and-seek in my hair. One day, the king said to me, “Gulliver, I invite you to watch an important performance. It is a contest called Rope Dancing”. In the contest, a thin rope was tied between two poles very high above the ground. People had to dance on this rope. Each dancer tried to jump higher than the others. I had never seen such a dangerous sport. “Your majesty,” I said, “many dancers must fall and be hurt or killed.” “Yes,” he replied. But I will give the best jobs in my kingdom to the men who are not afraid and jump the highest. “What a strange way to choose who will work for the country!” I thought. Then, as the king watched, I tied each corner of my handkerchief (手帕) to a strong stick, and pushed the four sticks into the ground. My handkerchief was now under the rope but above the ground. Any dancer who fell would land on the handkerchief and not get hurt. The king was very pleased with my invention. His family and many other people watched the rope dancing. “Would you and the queen like to see better?” I asked the king. I gently put them on my hand and held it beside the rope. They had a good view of the dancers. One very skilled performer held on to the rope and flipped (翻转) his body right over it. The king and the queen clapped loudly and cheered. Later the king told me that he made this man one of his chief (首要的) advisers. The king and I met often. He seemed to enjoy our conversations. One day, I said again, “Your Majesty, please set me free.” This time he answered, “I have talked to my advisers. We agree that you have been good to our people...” 22. Which of the following can be put into ▲ ? A. they left me alone. B. they lost fear of me. C. they were angry with me. D. they didn’t care about me. 23. Who would take part in the contest? A. Tourists in the kingdom. B. Children with no families. C. Dancers the king picked out. D. People who wanted the best jobs. 24. What did Gulliver do with his handkerchief? A. He tied its four corners to four sticks. B. He blew his nose with it. C. He tied it around the king. D. He only placed it on the ground. 25. What might the king do with Gulliver in the end? A. The king set him free. B. The king left him tied up. C. The king decided to kill him. D. The king made him an adviser. 【答案】22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，讲述了格列佛在小人国获得信任后观看“绳上跳舞”比赛，并用他的手帕保护舞者不受伤害，国王最终同意考虑释放他的故事。 【22题详解】 第一段提到“I was nice to the Lilliputians”，后文提到“Sometimes the children even played hide-and-seek in my hair.”，孩子们敢在他头发里玩捉迷藏，说明他们不再害怕他。由此可以推断，横线处应填入“they lost fear of me”。 【23题详解】 第四段国王说“I will give the best jobs in my kingdom to the men who are not afraid and jump the highest.”，因此参加比赛的是想要获得最好工作的人。 【24题详解】 第五段提到“I tied each corner of my handkerchief to a strong stick, and pushed the four sticks into the ground.”，因此格列佛把手帕的四个角绑在四根棍子上。 【25题详解】 最后一段国王说“We agree that you have been good to our people...”，结合格列佛一直希望被释放，由此可以推断国王最终会释放他。 D As a new way to reduce waste on the planet, the Stamp Egg Packaging (包装) made of Paper Foam (纸泡沫) stands out. Paper Foam is a kind of sustainable material which is good for the environment. As the name suggests, the Stamp Egg Packaging is inspired by stamps. Just like stamps, now you can take your eggs out one by one from this special package. And it has all the necessary features for an egg package—allowing easy opening and closing, providing protection, and enabling stacking (堆叠). Differently, by using the Stamp Egg Packaging, people can use fewer plastic egg packages that cannot be recycled. This form of packaging also helps you easily count the eggs without opening the package. Less opening and closing of the package means the eggs are less affected by the temperature changes, which helps keep them fresh for a longer time. What’s more, the independently packaged eggs can be easily packed for a picnic or in a lunch box. However, the development of the Stamp Egg Packaging is not easy at all. Its designer Yoon said, “After trying different ways to make the Paper Foam look and work better, I planned to design something that people can use every day. Among many possibilities, my interest focused on egg packaging finally.” Since then, new package designs have been tested to replace the standard regular boxes. But none of these new products could really compete with the cost-effective and high-performance boxes made of pressed paper. “It is not possible to fully achieve it in a short time,” Yoon said. “But I am sure the Stamp Egg Packaging will stay green from beginning to end—when it’s made, used, and even thrown away!” 26. What is the main purpose of the Stamp Egg Packaging? A. To lower the cost of egg production. B. To better protect the environment. C. To make egg packages more colourful. D. To replace all the other egg packages. 27. How does the Stamp Egg Packaging keep eggs fresh for longer? A. By using recycled plastic materials. B. By using a special cooling technology. C. By reducing the times of opening and closing. D. By keeping the eggs in a dark place. 28. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage of Stamp Egg Packaging? A. Making eggs taste better. B. Being convenient for picnics. C. Protecting eggs from temperature changes. D. Allowing easy counting of eggs without opening. 29. What did Yoon hope to do when creating this packaging? A. To design something for picnics. B. To make the material work better. C. To create something useful. D. To make something cheaper than plastic. 30. What does Yoon say about the future of this packaging? A. It will only be used for eggs. B. It will take less than a year to replace plastic. C. Pressed paper boxes are still the best option. D. It will remain good for the environment throughout its life cycle. 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了纸泡沫材质的邮票式鸡蛋包装盒，讲述了该环保包装的设计灵感、各项实用优势、研发过程以及设计师对这款环保包装未来的期许。 【26题详解】 根据第一段“As a new way to reduce waste on the planet, the Stamp Egg Packaging made of Paper Foam stands out. Paper Foam is a kind of sustainable material which is good for the environment.”可知，邮票式鸡蛋包装是减少地球垃圾的新方式，纸泡沫属于环保可持续材料。 【27题详解】 根据第三段“Less opening and closing of the package means the eggs are less affected by the temperature changes, which helps keep them fresh for a longer time.”可知，包装开合次数更少，鸡蛋受温度变化影响更小，保鲜时间更长。 【28题详解】 根据第三段“This form of packaging also helps you easily count the eggs... Less opening and closing of the package means the eggs are less affected by the temperature changes, … can be easily packed for a picnic or in a lunch box.”可知，不开包装就能清点鸡蛋数量 (D)、保护鸡蛋免受温度影响 (C)、方便野餐 (B)，均有原文依据，而A选项“Making eggs taste better.”全文无相关表述。 【29题详解】 根据第四段“I planned to design something that people can use every day.”可知，设计师想设计一款人们日常可以使用的物品，C选项“To create something useful.”符合原文内容。 【30题详解】 根据文章最后一段“But I am sure the Stamp Egg Packaging will stay green from beginning to end—when it’s made, used, and even thrown away!”可知，设计师表示，这款鸡蛋包装从生产、使用到丢弃，全程都保持环保属性。D选项“It will remain good for the environment throughout its life cycle.”和原文表述一致。 第二卷(非选择题)(共55分) 四、语言基础知识(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) A) 根据括号中所给的中文释义或音标写出单词，使语篇意思完整正确。 Fight Against E-Waste The latest UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report talks about the growing problem of e-waste. It says that poorly managed e-waste really ____31____ (污染) many communities around the world. Each year, millions of tonnes of old ____32____ (电子的) devices, like phones and computers, are thrown away. Without proper recycling, they release dangerous chemicals into the environment. The report also points out that, in ____33____ (/ə’dɪʃ(ə)n/) to these environmental dangers, the loss of valuable materials is another serious concern. When communities and companies ____34____ (承诺) to recycle these old devices, waste management programs can run more ____35____ (顺利地). The UN hopes that all countries will work together to reduce e-waste. Small efforts can lead to a cleaner, safer planet for everyone. 【答案】31. pollutes 32. electronic 33. addition 34. promise 35. smoothly 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕电子垃圾展开，介绍了电子垃圾带来的环境污染、资源浪费问题，呼吁各国携手回收旧电子设备，减少电子废弃物，共同保护地球环境。 【31题详解】 句意：报告称，管理不当的电子垃圾确实污染了世界各地的诸多社区。本句时态为一般现在时，主语“e-waste”为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“污染”对应的动词三单形式为pollutes。 【32题详解】 句意：每年，数百万吨老旧电子设备，例如手机和电脑，都会被丢弃。此处需要形容词修饰名词“devices”，中文释义“电子的”对应的形容词为electronic，在句中作定语。 【33题详解】 句意：该报告还指出，除了这些环境危害之外，有价值材料的流失是另一个令人担忧的严峻问题。根据“in … to”可知，此处缺少名词，音标/əˈdɪʃn /对应addition，固定短语in addition to意为“除……之外”。 【34题详解】 句意：当各个社区和企业承诺回收这些旧设备时，垃圾管理项目就能更好地推进。本句时态为一般现在时，主语“communities and companies”是复数，谓语动词使用原形，中文释义“承诺”对应的动词原形为promise，promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”，固定搭配。 【35题详解】 句意：当各个社区和企业承诺回收这些旧设备时，垃圾管理项目就能更顺利地开展。此处需要副词修饰动词“run”，中文释义“顺利地”对应的副词形式为smoothly，在句中作状语。 B) 根据语篇，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整正确。 Volunteer Training Speech Good morning, everyone. A community support program ____36____ (hold) next week. Thank you for volunteering in the program. Before we start, let’s go over some important notes and guidance for our work. First, the key to a successful activity is good management of our supplies (物资). Last year, some groups failed to plan well and their food and water quickly ____37____ (run) out before the activity ended. This year, we will give every group a detailed checklist (清单) to avoid this problem. Second, when working with the people we help, we must pay attention to ____38____ (control) our manners. It is ____39____ (polite) to talk down to people. Every person should ____40____ (treat) with care and respect. Even if people have different needs, we should listen to them patiently. Third, all volunteers should follow strict safety rules during the activity. You must stay with your team all the time and never go alone. If you meet any problems, please turn to your team leader for help right away. Thanks for your efforts. 【答案】36. will be held 37. ran 38. controlling 39. impolite 40. be treated 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇志愿者培训演讲稿，提醒大家在即将举行的社区支持项目中做好物资管理、注意礼貌待人并严格遵守安全规则。 【36题详解】 句意：社区支持项目将于下周举行。分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作谓语。主语“program”与“hold”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“next week”表明动作发生在将来，因此需要用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be + 过去分词”。“hold”的过去分词为held，故填will be held。 【37题详解】 句意：去年，一些小组计划不周，他们的食物和水在活动结束前很快就用光了。分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作谓语。时间状语Last year说明本句用一般过去时，run out是不及物短语，意为“用完”，无被动，run的过去式是ran。 【38题详解】 句意：我们必须注意控制我们的举止。分析句子结构可知，该空作“pay attention to”的宾语，而这里的“to”是介词，介词后面需接名词或动名词形式，语义上表示“控制”这一行为，因此要将control变为动名词controlling，故填controlling。 【39题详解】 句意：居高临下地对人说话是不礼貌的。该空在系动词“is”后面作表语，需要用形容词。“talk down to people”带有贬义，表示不尊重，因此应取“polite”的反义，在其前加否定前缀im-构成impolite，意为“不礼貌”，故填impolite。 【40题详解】 句意：每个人都应该被细心和尊重地对待。该空位于情态动词“should”之后，作谓语，且主语“Every person”是动作的承受者，与“treat”之间为被动关系，故需用被动语态。“should”后接动词原形，因此被动结构为“be + 过去分词”，treat的过去分词是treated，故填be treated。 C) 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 suffer from When it comes to miss out on It reminds us that make a huge difference Intrinsic Motivation(内在动力) Why do some people practise the guitar for hours, learn coding after school, or run even when no one is watching? Often, the answer is intrinsic motivation. It can ____41____ to our growth, especially when there is no praise, no prize, and no teacher standing nearby to encourage us. Instead of thinking “I have to do this,” we can choose to see tasks as chances to learn and grow. This small change in how we think helps us keep going, even when we feel tired or want to give up. Without it, we may ____42____ great chances to improve ourselves. As we keep working, we get better little by little. When we look back later, we will feel proud, because we realize, “This used to be hard, but now I can do it better.” For students, intrinsic motivation doesn’t mean loving every subject every day. Very few people wake up excited about math homework! Many students even ____43____ stress while studying. Instead, it means finding a small reason to care about learning. ____44____ study, we should focus more on being better. We can set small, clear goals, and celebrate every step forward. ____45____ we are not just studying for marks or others’ praise. We are learning to trust our own hard work, and building the confidence to keep trying. That is the true magic of intrinsic motivation. 【答案】41. make a huge difference 42. miss out on 43. suffer from 44. When it comes to 45. It reminds us that 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了内在动力的概念及其对个人成长的重要性。文章指出，在没有外界奖励或监督的情况下，内在动力能帮助我们坚持学习与练习，避免错失提升机会，并建议学生通过关注自我进步、设定小目标来培养内在动力，最终实现自我成长与自信。 【41题详解】 句意：它（内在动力）能对我们的成长产生巨大影响，尤其是在没有表扬、没有奖品、也没有老师站在旁边鼓励我们的时候。空格位于情态动词can之后，需填动词原形。方框中“make a huge difference”意为“产生巨大影响”，符合语义。 【42题详解】 句意：没有它（内在动力），我们可能会错失提升自己的大好机会。空格位于情态动词may之后，需填动词原形。方框中“miss out on”意为“错过、错失”，后接“great chances”表示“错失大好机会”，符合语义。 【43题详解】 句意：许多学生在学习时甚至承受着压力。空格位于主语“Many students”和宾语“stress”之间，需填动词短语作谓语，且主语为复数，时态为一般现在时。方框中“suffer from”意为“遭受、承受（痛苦/压力等）”，符合语义。 【44题详解】 句意：谈到学习时，我们更应该关注变得更好。空格位于句首，后接“study”作宾语，需填一个介词短语引导话题。方框中“When it comes to”意为“当谈到……时”，是固定搭配，符合语义。注意句首首字母大写。 【45题详解】 句意：它提醒我们，我们不仅仅是为了分数或别人的赞扬而学习。空格位于句首，后接一个完整的句子“we are not just studying...”，需填一个引导宾语从句的主谓结构。方框中“It reminds us that”意为“它提醒我们……”，符合语义，且后接从句。注意句首首字母大写。 D)根据汉语意思，用英语完成句子，每空词数不限。 46. 如果你喜欢粤语歌曲，一次去香港的旅行将会是一次铭记之旅。 If you like Cantonese songs, a trip to Hong Kong will be ________________. 【答案】a trip to remember##an unforgettable trip 【解析】 【详解】本句缺少关键词“铭记之旅”，中文“铭记之旅”意为“一次值得记住/难忘的旅行”。英语中常用“名词 + to do”结构，此处用不定式to remember修饰名词 trip，表示“要去铭记的旅行”。a trip to remember 是英语中表达“难忘之旅”的常用习语，贴合题干中“铭记”的含义。也可填an unforgettable trip。故填a trip to remember/an unforgettable trip。 47. 来自不同背景的游客感觉像是大家庭的一员。 Visitors ________________ feel like part of one big family. 【答案】from different backgrounds 【解析】 【详解】原句中“来自不同背景的”是关键词，对应英文介词短语“from different backgrounds”，作后置定语修饰名词“Visitors”，表示“来自不同背景的游客”。 48. 当我们终于到达太平山顶的时候，我们累坏了。 When we finally reached Victoria Peak, we ________________. 【答案】were worn out##were exhausted 【解析】 【详解】本句缺少关键词“累坏了”，“累坏了”在英语中常表达为 be exhausted 或 be worn out。此处主句描述的是到达山顶那一刻的状态，而非在此之前已完成的动作，因此主句使用一般过去时更为自然准确。主语是we，be动词的过去式应使用were。 49. 看完太平山顶的夜景后，我们继续了我们的香港美食之旅。 After seeing the night view from Victoria Peak, we ________________ our food tour in Hong Kong. 【答案】carried on with 【解析】 【详解】原句中“继续了”是关键词。表示“继续进行某事/继续做某事”的短语是carry on with。固定结构“carry on with sth.”，意为“继续做某事”。因为本句叙述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，故动词carry需变为其过去式形式carried。 50. 香港很美，我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 Hong Kong is beautiful, and we should try to ________________. 【答案】keep it that way 【解析】 【详解】本句缺少关键词“让它一直保持那样”，keep+宾语+宾补，表示“使……保持某种状态”，that way指代前文提到的beautiful。“让它一直保持那样”对应的英文表达为“keep it that way”。句中“try to”意为“尽力做某事”，后接动词原形，因此填keep。故填keep it that way。 五、阅读填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) A) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第1-8小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词；在9-10小题的空格里填入适当的答案(词数不限)。 Food waste is always seen all over the world. Serious losses of food happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges. What’s worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage. In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing (加工). They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration (冷藏), so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Many farmers don’t have enough money for industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some parts of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away if they look “ugly”, falling short of industry standards. Polluting and destroying the environment do harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing nature areas for growing food crops and raising livestock (牲畜). Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farmers still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn’t reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future. Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year’s crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as “once in a hundred years” happen more and more often. This means that we’ll need more resources to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments. Food problems · Food is lost ____51____ from fields to fridges. · Food shortage is caused by pollution and natural disasters. ____52____ about food waste in different countries * In developing countries · Some farmers are poor all that time because of the food waste. · Crops may go bad because they can’t be transported rapidly. · Few farmers can ____53____ industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. * In developed countries · In the process of selling and buying, ____54____ 40% of food waste happens. · People throw the vegetables and fruit away ____55____ they look nice and meet standards. Bad ____56____ on producing food * Polluting and destroying the environment · Some natural areas are reduced to grow food crops and raise livestock. · Pollution, as well as diseases, is ____57____ by fish farms. Conclusion Natural disasters ·A whole year’s crop can be destroyed by natural disasters. · More resources are needed to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to all of life on the earth. It’s a problem which should be solved by ____58____ customers and the governments. What natural disaster is mentioned in the passage that can destroy crops? ________________59________________ What is one small thing you can do at home to reduce food waste? ________________60________________ 【答案】51. everywhere 52. Facts##Situations 53. afford 54. over 55. unless 56. effects##influences 57. caused 58. both 59. Droughts and storms. 60. Don’t cook too much food./Finish the food on my plate./Plan meals carefully. 【解析】 【导语】本文分析了全球粮食浪费的现状、原因及其对环境的影响，并呼吁各国政府和消费者共同应对这一问题。 【51题详解】 第一段指出：“Food waste is always seen all over the world … happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges”，说明粮食浪费严重地在全球各地哪里都发生。因此空格处应填副词表示“到处”的单词，故填everywhere。 【52题详解】 表格第二部分根据文章内容主要讲了在发达国家和发展中国家粮食浪费的“事实”和“情况”，所以可填Facts或Situations，注意首字母大写。 【53题详解】 第二段提到：“Many farmers don’t have enough money for industrial-sized fridges”，说明许多农民买不起工业规模的冰箱。因此应填“afford”，表示“买得起”。 【54题详解】 第三段提到：“More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying.”，说明在销售和购买过程中，超过40%的粮食浪费发生。因此应填“over”，表示“超过”。 【55题详解】 第三段提到：“the vegetables and fruit are thrown away if they look ‘ugly’, falling short of industry standards.”，说明“除非”蔬菜和水果看起来好看或符合标准，否则就会被扔掉。因此应填“unless”，表示条件。 【56题详解】 第四段描述污染和环境破坏对粮食生产的影响，因此表格标题“Bad ______ on producing food”应填“effects”或“influences”，表示“不良影响”。 【57题详解】 第四段提到：“fish farmers still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases.”，说明养鱼场造成大量污染和疾病。因此应填“caused”，表示“造成”。 【58题详解】 最后一段提到：“It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments.”，说明粮食浪费既是消费者的问题，也是政府的问题。因此应填“both”，表示“两者都”。 【59题详解】 第五段提到：“Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year’s crop”，说明干旱和风暴等自然灾害会毁掉一整年的庄稼。答案是原文直接信息，注意首字母大写。 【60题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但需结合文章内容和实际生活。 B) 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 There is a school in Kenya where teachers do things a little differently from other places. Rare Gem Talent School is a space where students with dyslexia (阅读障碍症) learn through sights, sounds and touch. Teachers there a____61____ to help every student learn in their own way, and students are encouraged to express themselves o____62____ and respectfully. One common problem for children with dyslexia is that they often have a hard time reading. Luckily, students here can make clear p____63____ in pronunciation with special teaching methods. They might, for example, mix up letters like “b” and “p”, or even numbers like “9”. Rare Gem is one of the few schools in Kenya where such children can get the help they need. One student told AP News that at his old school, his teacher didn’t understand him. “This school is much better. The support here has g____64____ changed my life.” So how does it work? Students take part in activities such as linking letter sounds to colors, learning spelling patterns through songs and u____65____ objects to stand for words. Dorothy Kioko said that as a teacher, she cannot just stand in front of students and give lessons. “You teach step by step u____66____ the learner gets what you’ re teaching,” she said. Teachers here are r____67____ to be patient and creative to meet the students’ needs. Rare Gem was set up in 2012. When it first opened, there were fewer than 10 students. Today, the school has around 210. Phyllis Munyi, who f____68____ the school, said that if these challenges are identified (发现) early, students can “improve their skills and learn to identify their talents”. Many people offer v____69____ help here, and some students even join the school’s service projects for the b____70____ of new learners. But getting them into education early is not easy. Geoffrey Karani, a former student at Rare Gem, is an art teacher at the school today. “I’m not only teaching; I’m showing kids that I’ve been on the same journey,” he said. 【答案】61. aim##im 62. openly##penly 63. progress##rogress 64. greatly##reatly 65. using##sing 66. until##ntil 67. required##equired 68. founded##ounded 69. voluntary##oluntary 70. benefit##enefit 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了肯尼亚一所为阅读障碍学生提供特殊教育的学校Rare Gem Talent School，它通过视觉、听觉和触觉等教学方法帮助学生取得进步。 【61题详解】 句意：那里的老师致力于帮助每一位学生用适合自己的方式学习。固定搭配aim to do sth意为“致力于、旨在做某事”；主语Teachers是复数，一般现在时谓语用原形aim，契合学校老师因材施教的办学目的。首字母a对应aim。 【62题详解】 句意：学生被鼓励坦率得体地表达自我。and后接副词respectfully（有礼貌地），对应空格需要并列副词修饰动词express；首字母o提示填openly，意为“公开地、坦率地”，符合语境。 【63题详解】 句意：幸运的是，借助特殊教学法，这里的学生可以在发音方面取得明显进步。固定短语make progress (in sth) 在某方面取得进步；首字母p提示填progress。progress为不可数名词，无需变形，契合阅读障碍学生在发音上慢慢变好的语境。 【64题详解】 句意：这里的支持极大地改变了我的生活。本句为现在完成时has changed，空格修饰动词changed，要用副词；首字母g提示填greatly意为 “极大地、非常”，符合语境。 【65题详解】 句意：学生参与诸如将字母发音与颜色联系起来等活动，通过歌曲学习拼写规律，并且借助实物来代表单词。and连接两个并列动名词，前面是learning，空格处也用动名词形式。句意“objects to stand for words”明确指出“使用”这一行为，首字母u提示填using。 【66题详解】 句意：你要一步步循序渐进教学，直到学生理解你讲授的内容为止。首字母u提示填until，意为“直到……”，引导时间状语从句，贴合耐心反复教学、直到学生听懂的句意。 【67题详解】 句意：这里的老师被要求要有耐心、富有创造力，从而满足学生的学习需求。根据句意“老师被‘要求’要有耐心和创造力”以及首字母r提示填required。被动语态结构be required to do sth意为“被要求做某事”，符合学校对教师的硬性要求。 【68题详解】 句意：创办这所学校的人菲利斯·穆尼表示，如果能及早发现这些挑战，学生就能“提升自己的能力，并学会识别自身的天赋”。分析句子，此处为定语从句。根据空格前后提示以及首字母f提示可知，此处指创办学校，是发生在过去（学校 2012 年建立），found（创办）的过去式、过去分词为founded，首字母f提示对应founded。 【69题详解】 句意：许多人在这里提供志愿帮扶。空格后面是名词help，空格需要一个形容词修饰help；根据全文语境整体讲这所帮扶阅读障碍孩子的特殊公益性质学校以及首字母v提示可知，此处表示志愿援助。voluntary help志愿援助、义工帮扶，固定搭配，首字母v提示填voluntary。 【70题详解】 句意：部分学生还参与学校服务项目，造福新生。固定搭配for the benefit of意为“为了……的利益、造福……”，符合学长帮助新入学阅读障碍学生的语境。首字母b提示填benefit。 六、书面表达(满分15分) 71. 时光荏苒，不知不觉中八年级的学习生活接近尾声。回首过去，一年来自己学习和生活上的成长与变化良多。你校将以“My growth and changes”为题举行演讲比赛，请根据征稿内容写一篇短文具体内容如下： 注意： 1.内容至少涵盖两个方面的要点，有适当发挥，全文连贯通顺； 2.词数不少于 80，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 My growth and changes Hello, everyone! Looking back on last year, I think I have changed a lot in some ways. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： My growth and changes Hello, everyone! Looking back on last year, I think I have changed a lot in some ways. In the past, I used to be shy and afraid to speak in public. With my English teacher’s help, I practiced hard and won the second prize in the school speech competition. Now I become more confident and outgoing. I also used to waste time playing games on weekends. Now I make clear study plans, read more books and join volunteer groups to help the elderly in our community. I am proud of my changes and believe I will become a better person in the future. Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（演讲稿），以一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时结合使用 明确要点：至少涵盖两个方面的成长变化，通过“过去 vs 现在”的对比呈现成长，最后表达对未来的期望 确定人称：第一人称I 注意事项：内容连贯通顺，可适当发挥，不得出现真实校名、人名等个人信息 [第二步：构思布局] 开头：承接题目给定开头，自然引出自己一年来在多方面发生了显著变化 主体：分两个维度呈现成长——一是学习与性格维度，从害羞怯于公开发言，到努力练习后演讲获奖、变得自信外向；二是习惯与品行维度，从周末浪费时间玩游戏，到主动规划学习、参与志愿活动帮助社区老人 结尾：表达对自身成长的自豪之情，展望未来会成为更优秀的人，契合演讲稿的收尾逻辑 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：学习与性格的成长 核心短语：used to be shy and afraid to speak in public/practiced hard/won the second prize/more confident and outgoing/used to feel nervous speaking in front of crowds/made great efforts to practice/took second place/become more active and brave 要点二：习惯与品行的成长 核心短语：used to waste time playing games/make clear study plans/join volunteer groups/help the elderly/used to spend much time on online games/make reasonable study schedules/take part in volunteer teams/care for seniors in the community 要点三：未来展望 核心短语：proud of my changes/become a better person in the future/take pride in my progress/grow into a more excellent and responsible person 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初二英语新城中学期末调研测试试卷 (2026.06) 时间 100 分钟 总分 100 分 第一卷(选择题)(共45分) 一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 第一部分 听对话回答问题。 听下面 10 段对话。每段对话后有 1 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the sign say? 2. Which transport does the man ask people’ to use? 3. What does the man suggest the woman to take? 4. When is the Clean-Up Day? 5. What does the man mean? A. Animals should live in cages. B. He agrees with the woman. C. Animals should live in the wild. 6. What can we know about the pork? A. Its price has risen. B. It’s as expensive as fish. C.It’s cheaper at other supermarket 7. Where are they talking? A. At the doctor’s. B. In the restaurant. C. At home. 8. What do you think of Kate? A. She’s beautiful. B. She’s helpful. C. She’s lazy. 9. When will Grandpa arrive? A. On July 6th. B. On July 13th. C. On July 20th. 10. What does the man mean? A. He agrees to close the windows. B. He wants to leave the windows open. C. He wants to open the windows. 第二部分 听对话和短文回答问题。 听对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第 11~12 小题。 11. What are they talking about? A. How to go to school. B. How to recycle waste paper. C. How to save the environment. 12. What’s the fast way? A. Using a bag instead of plastic bags. B. Saving money when shopping online. C. Riding a bike to work every day. 听第二段独白，回答第13 至 15 小题。 School trip to Nanjing What time Got to the station at 13 . How to travel By 14 . What to do · First we visited the Science Museum and learned a lot about robots.· Then we went to buy some gifts. What the guide taught us How to 15 . Feelings Tired but happy. 13. A.7:50 a. m. B.7:15 a. m. C.6:45 a. m. 14. A. train B. bus C. bike 15. A. take photos B. make a model plane C. make a model robot 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) A 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I couldn’t go out for a trip because of the bad weather. However, I had an amazing experience at home: I traveled to the Great Wall online with my friends! As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. I ____1____ Beijing twice with my parents, but I have never visited the Great Wall in person. Through the cloud tour, I could see the ancient walls ____2____ on my screen. It was very hard for ancient people to build such a huge wall. The online tour was ____3____ for me to finish in just a few hours, much cheaper than a real trip. I ____4____ by the beautiful scenery and ancient people’s wisdom. In the future, digital travel ____5____ more popular among young people, but I still hope to visit the Great Wall in person one day. 1. A. have been to B. have gone to C. have been in D. have gone in 2. A. clear B. clearly C. unclear D. unclearly 3. A. easy enough B. too easy C. enough difficult D. too difficult 4. A. was amazed B. amazed C. was amazing D. amazing 5. A. will be become B. will become C. is become D. became B Alex was excited to visit his cousin Lucas in Brazil. He had never been to South America before, and he couldn’t wait to walk around the colorful streets and try the delicious food. But his mom ____6____ him, “Every country has its own way of doing things. When in Rome, do as the Romans do!” The first day, Lucas took Alex to a local festival. The streets were ____7____ with music, dancing and lots of people. Lucas introduced Alex to his friends, and each time, Alex tried to give them a usual handshake.____8____, Lucas kept saying, “No, no, Alex! You have to do the Brazilian handshake!” Lucas showed Alex a special handshake. First, they did a high-five ____9____ by a shoulder bump. After that, they crossed their arms and spun (旋转) around, and then they turned back to shake each other’s hand. Alex got so confused (疑惑) that he hit Lucas in the nose, “Ouch!” Lucas shouted, laughing. “That’s not how you do it!” Alex’s face turned red, but he laughed too, “I guess I need more ____10____!” Alex tried to follow many more times, but he kept going wrong. Every time he tried, he ended up____11____ Lucas in the face or making a funny noise. Even though Alex kept making mistakes, everyone thought it was interesting. They all tried to ____12____ him the Brazilian handshake, and soon, the whole group were laughing and messing up together. Alex realized that sometimes, making mistakes can be the ____13____ part of learning. By the end of the day, Alex finally got it ____14____ after trying the handshake so many times. He felt ____15____ of himself and grateful for the fun time with his cousin and new friends. He learned that being open to new things and having a sense of humour can make any trip amazing. 6. A. trained B. advised C. prevented D. invited 7. A. filled B. covered C. decorated D. built 8. A. Since B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 9. A. cleared B. started C. followed D. moved 10. A. support B. business C. practice D. discussion 11. A. tying B. hitting C. missing D. breaking 12. A. teach B. send C. offer D. leave 13. A. safest B. wisest C. simplest D. tiniest 14. A. fast B. lost C. past D. right 15. A. tired B. proud C. afraid D. strange 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每题1分，共15分) A There will be events in Hong Kong on May 10, 11, 18, and 25. There will also be events in Macau on May 24 and 25. 16. People can take part in the event in Macau ________. A. on May 10 B. on May 11 C. on May 18 D. on May 25 17. The picture shows ________. A. the results of the event B. the costs of the event C. the purpose of the event D. the history of the event 18. What’s the picture mainly about? A. Health. B. Charity. C. Lifestyle. D. Traveling. B Food brings people together across cultures, but table manners can sometimes create quite a cultural divide. What seems normal in one country might leave visitors confused in another. Let’s see some eating customs around the world. In Western countries, making noise while eating is considered rude. However, slurping (出声地吃) your noodles in Japan is encouraged! This is because slurping is considered a sign that you are really enjoying the meal. It also helps mix air with the noodles, making them taste better. So to a Japanese chef, the sound of your slurp is the best praise. In Russia, people believe that passing a salt shaker (盐瓶) directly from one person to another leads to an argument between them. Instead, salt should be placed on the table for the other person to pick up. While passing the salt at the dinner table, try not to spill it, or it could lead to an argument as well. If this happens, you should throw some spilled salt over your left shoulder and do it with a laugh. Then, everything should turn out just fine. In Italy, there’s an unwritten rule that cappuccino should only be consumed at breakfast. If you order one after 11 am, or after lunch or dinner, the waiter might be a little surprised. This is because Italians think that milk is hard to digest (消化) and believe drinking it late in the day can hurt your stomach. In India, it’s very common to eat with your hands. However, there is an important rule: you should only use your right hand. The left hand, considered unclean, must not be used for eating. For this reason, people in India often use bread like naan to scoop up their food. 19. Why do Japanese people slurp when eating noodles? A. To cool the noodles down. B. To show respect to the waiter. C. To show they enjoy the meal. D. To follow strict table manners. 20. Why must people avoid eating with their left hand in India? A. The left hand is used for drinking. B. The left hand is considered unclean. C. The left hand is too weak to hold food. D. The left hand is only for serving others. 21. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To encourage people to try new foods. B. To show how food can connect different cultures. C. To describe dining rules in several countries. D. To show why table manners are important to travellers. C I hoped to be set free one day, so I was nice to the Lilliputians. Gradually, ▲ Sometimes the children even played hide-and-seek in my hair. One day, the king said to me, “Gulliver, I invite you to watch an important performance. It is a contest called Rope Dancing”. In the contest, a thin rope was tied between two poles very high above the ground. People had to dance on this rope. Each dancer tried to jump higher than the others. I had never seen such a dangerous sport. “Your majesty,” I said, “many dancers must fall and be hurt or killed.” “Yes,” he replied. But I will give the best jobs in my kingdom to the men who are not afraid and jump the highest. “What a strange way to choose who will work for the country!” I thought. Then, as the king watched, I tied each corner of my handkerchief (手帕) to a strong stick, and pushed the four sticks into the ground. My handkerchief was now under the rope but above the ground. Any dancer who fell would land on the handkerchief and not get hurt. The king was very pleased with my invention. His family and many other people watched the rope dancing. “Would you and the queen like to see better?” I asked the king. I gently put them on my hand and held it beside the rope. They had a good view of the dancers. One very skilled performer held on to the rope and flipped (翻转) his body right over it. The king and the queen clapped loudly and cheered. Later the king told me that he made this man one of his chief (首要的) advisers. The king and I met often. He seemed to enjoy our conversations. One day, I said again, “Your Majesty, please set me free.” This time he answered, “I have talked to my advisers. We agree that you have been good to our people...” 22. Which of the following can be put into ▲ ? A. they left me alone. B. they lost fear of me. C. they were angry with me. D. they didn’t care about me. 23. Who would take part in the contest? A. Tourists in the kingdom. B. Children with no families. C. Dancers the king picked out. D. People who wanted the best jobs. 24. What did Gulliver do with his handkerchief? A. He tied its four corners to four sticks. B. He blew his nose with it. C. He tied it around the king. D. He only placed it on the ground. 25. What might the king do with Gulliver in the end? A. The king set him free. B. The king left him tied up. C. The king decided to kill him. D. The king made him an adviser. D As a new way to reduce waste on the planet, the Stamp Egg Packaging (包装) made of Paper Foam (纸泡沫) stands out. Paper Foam is a kind of sustainable material which is good for the environment. As the name suggests, the Stamp Egg Packaging is inspired by stamps. Just like stamps, now you can take your eggs out one by one from this special package. And it has all the necessary features for an egg package—allowing easy opening and closing, providing protection, and enabling stacking (堆叠). Differently, by using the Stamp Egg Packaging, people can use fewer plastic egg packages that cannot be recycled. This form of packaging also helps you easily count the eggs without opening the package. Less opening and closing of the package means the eggs are less affected by the temperature changes, which helps keep them fresh for a longer time. What’s more, the independently packaged eggs can be easily packed for a picnic or in a lunch box. However, the development of the Stamp Egg Packaging is not easy at all. Its designer Yoon said, “After trying different ways to make the Paper Foam look and work better, I planned to design something that people can use every day. Among many possibilities, my interest focused on egg packaging finally.” Since then, new package designs have been tested to replace the standard regular boxes. But none of these new products could really compete with the cost-effective and high-performance boxes made of pressed paper. “It is not possible to fully achieve it in a short time,” Yoon said. “But I am sure the Stamp Egg Packaging will stay green from beginning to end—when it’s made, used, and even thrown away!” 26. What is the main purpose of the Stamp Egg Packaging? A. To lower the cost of egg production. B. To better protect the environment. C. To make egg packages more colourful. D. To replace all the other egg packages. 27. How does the Stamp Egg Packaging keep eggs fresh for longer? A. By using recycled plastic materials. B. By using a special cooling technology. C. By reducing the times of opening and closing. D. By keeping the eggs in a dark place. 28. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage of Stamp Egg Packaging? A. Making eggs taste better. B. Being convenient for picnics. C. Protecting eggs from temperature changes. D. Allowing easy counting of eggs without opening. 29. What did Yoon hope to do when creating this packaging? A. To design something for picnics. B. To make the material work better. C. To create something useful. D. To make something cheaper than plastic. 30. What does Yoon say about the future of this packaging? A. It will only be used for eggs. B. It will take less than a year to replace plastic. C. Pressed paper boxes are still the best option. D. It will remain good for the environment throughout its life cycle. 第二卷(非选择题)(共55分) 四、语言基础知识(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) A) 根据括号中所给的中文释义或音标写出单词，使语篇意思完整正确。 Fight Against E-Waste The latest UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report talks about the growing problem of e-waste. It says that poorly managed e-waste really ____31____ (污染) many communities around the world. Each year, millions of tonnes of old ____32____ (电子的) devices, like phones and computers, are thrown away. Without proper recycling, they release dangerous chemicals into the environment. The report also points out that, in ____33____ (/ə’dɪʃ(ə)n/) to these environmental dangers, the loss of valuable materials is another serious concern. When communities and companies ____34____ (承诺) to recycle these old devices, waste management programs can run more ____35____ (顺利地). The UN hopes that all countries will work together to reduce e-waste. Small efforts can lead to a cleaner, safer planet for everyone. B) 根据语篇，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整正确。 Volunteer Training Speech Good morning, everyone. A community support program ____36____ (hold) next week. Thank you for volunteering in the program. Before we start, let’s go over some important notes and guidance for our work. First, the key to a successful activity is good management of our supplies (物资). Last year, some groups failed to plan well and their food and water quickly ____37____ (run) out before the activity ended. This year, we will give every group a detailed checklist (清单) to avoid this problem. Second, when working with the people we help, we must pay attention to ____38____ (control) our manners. It is ____39____ (polite) to talk down to people. Every person should ____40____ (treat) with care and respect. Even if people have different needs, we should listen to them patiently. Third, all volunteers should follow strict safety rules during the activity. You must stay with your team all the time and never go alone. If you meet any problems, please turn to your team leader for help right away. Thanks for your efforts. C) 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 suffer from When it comes to miss out on It reminds us that make a huge difference Intrinsic Motivation(内在动力) Why do some people practise the guitar for hours, learn coding after school, or run even when no one is watching? Often, the answer is intrinsic motivation. It can ____41____ to our growth, especially when there is no praise, no prize, and no teacher standing nearby to encourage us. Instead of thinking “I have to do this,” we can choose to see tasks as chances to learn and grow. This small change in how we think helps us keep going, even when we feel tired or want to give up. Without it, we may ____42____ great chances to improve ourselves. As we keep working, we get better little by little. When we look back later, we will feel proud, because we realize, “This used to be hard, but now I can do it better.” For students, intrinsic motivation doesn’t mean loving every subject every day. Very few people wake up excited about math homework! Many students even ____43____ stress while studying. Instead, it means finding a small reason to care about learning. ____44____ study, we should focus more on being better. We can set small, clear goals, and celebrate every step forward. ____45____ we are not just studying for marks or others’ praise. We are learning to trust our own hard work, and building the confidence to keep trying. That is the true magic of intrinsic motivation. D)根据汉语意思，用英语完成句子，每空词数不限。 46. 如果你喜欢粤语歌曲，一次去香港的旅行将会是一次铭记之旅。 If you like Cantonese songs, a trip to Hong Kong will be ________________. 47. 来自不同背景的游客感觉像是大家庭的一员。 Visitors ________________ feel like part of one big family. 48. 当我们终于到达太平山顶的时候，我们累坏了。 When we finally reached Victoria Peak, we ________________. 49. 看完太平山顶的夜景后，我们继续了我们的香港美食之旅。 After seeing the night view from Victoria Peak, we ________________ our food tour in Hong Kong. 50. 香港很美，我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 Hong Kong is beautiful, and we should try to ________________. 五、阅读填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) A) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第1-8小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词；在9-10小题的空格里填入适当的答案(词数不限)。 Food waste is always seen all over the world. Serious losses of food happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges. What’s worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage. In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing (加工). They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration (冷藏), so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Many farmers don’t have enough money for industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some parts of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away if they look “ugly”, falling short of industry standards. Polluting and destroying the environment do harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing nature areas for growing food crops and raising livestock (牲畜). Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farmers still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn’t reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future. Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year’s crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as “once in a hundred years” happen more and more often. This means that we’ll need more resources to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments. Food problems · Food is lost ____51____ from fields to fridges. · Food shortage is caused by pollution and natural disasters. ____52____ about food waste in different countries * In developing countries · Some farmers are poor all that time because of the food waste. · Crops may go bad because they can’t be transported rapidly. · Few farmers can ____53____ industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. * In developed countries · In the process of selling and buying, ____54____ 40% of food waste happens. · People throw the vegetables and fruit away ____55____ they look nice and meet standards. Bad ____56____ on producing food * Polluting and destroying the environment · Some natural areas are reduced to grow food crops and raise livestock. · Pollution, as well as diseases, is ____57____ by fish farms. Conclusion Natural disasters ·A whole year’s crop can be destroyed by natural disasters. · More resources are needed to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to all of life on the earth. It’s a problem which should be solved by ____58____ customers and the governments. What natural disaster is mentioned in the passage that can destroy crops? ________________59________________ What is one small thing you can do at home to reduce food waste? ________________60________________ B) 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 There is a school in Kenya where teachers do things a little differently from other places. Rare Gem Talent School is a space where students with dyslexia (阅读障碍症) learn through sights, sounds and touch. Teachers there a____61____ to help every student learn in their own way, and students are encouraged to express themselves o____62____ and respectfully. One common problem for children with dyslexia is that they often have a hard time reading. Luckily, students here can make clear p____63____ in pronunciation with special teaching methods. They might, for example, mix up letters like “b” and “p”, or even numbers like “9”. Rare Gem is one of the few schools in Kenya where such children can get the help they need. One student told AP News that at his old school, his teacher didn’t understand him. “This school is much better. The support here has g____64____ changed my life.” So how does it work? Students take part in activities such as linking letter sounds to colors, learning spelling patterns through songs and u____65____ objects to stand for words. Dorothy Kioko said that as a teacher, she cannot just stand in front of students and give lessons. “You teach step by step u____66____ the learner gets what you’ re teaching,” she said. Teachers here are r____67____ to be patient and creative to meet the students’ needs. Rare Gem was set up in 2012. When it first opened, there were fewer than 10 students. Today, the school has around 210. Phyllis Munyi, who f____68____ the school, said that if these challenges are identified (发现) early, students can “improve their skills and learn to identify their talents”. Many people offer v____69____ help here, and some students even join the school’s service projects for the b____70____ of new learners. But getting them into education early is not easy. Geoffrey Karani, a former student at Rare Gem, is an art teacher at the school today. “I’m not only teaching; I’m showing kids that I’ve been on the same journey,” he said. 六、书面表达(满分15分) 71. 时光荏苒，不知不觉中八年级的学习生活接近尾声。回首过去，一年来自己学习和生活上的成长与变化良多。你校将以“My growth and changes”为题举行演讲比赛，请根据征稿内容写一篇短文具体内容如下： 注意： 1.内容至少涵盖两个方面的要点，有适当发挥，全文连贯通顺； 2.词数不少于 80，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 My growth and changes Hello, everyone! Looking back on last year, I think I have changed a lot in some ways. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $