高考英语全国Ⅱ卷 重点词汇和短语配套练习 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高考词汇短语综合应用，构建“词汇识别-搭配掌握-语法运用-综合表达”递进训练体系，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |场景词汇选词填空|10题|给定词汇语境应用|场景化词汇辨析与适当形式转换| |核心词汇语境填空|15题|中文提示词汇拼写|核心词汇拼写与精准释义| |短语搭配连线匹配|12组|动词与名词/介词搭配|固定短语搭配识别与应用| |长难句翻译|7句|复杂句式结构分析|词汇在长难句中的语境理解| |语法填空|10空|语篇语法知识运用|词汇与语法规则的综合应用| |写作词汇升级|7句|同义替换与表达优化|高级词汇替换与地道表达| |综合句子翻译|7句|高级词汇句型应用|词汇在汉译英中的综合输出|

高考词汇和短语配套练习题 练习一 场景词汇 选词填空 从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 departure | think twice | fairly nervous | pursue | reschedule | strength training | set up | just the opposite | talkative | career plan | wake-up call | sustainable | tailor-made | preservation | cultural identity 1. If you want to change your flight date, you need to __________ it at least 24 hours in advance. 2. The athlete was __________ before the competition, but she managed to calm herself down. 3. After graduation, Bob decided to __________ his own business rather than work for others. 4. Helen is very __________, always chatting with everyone, while Judy is __________. 5. Before you quit your current job, I suggest you __________ — it's a big decision. 6. My __________ is to first gain some work experience and then __________ further education. 7. The flight __________ has been delayed by two hours due to bad weather. 8. After climbing for three hours, Alex went to the gym for __________. 9. Losing that job was a __________ for her — she started her own business the next month. 10. Learning to pronounce students' names correctly is a way to respect their __________. 练习二 核心词汇 语境填空 根据括号中的中文提示，用正确的英文单词或短语填空。 1. The company has developed a(n) __________ (创新的） approach to recycling plastic waste. 2. After years of hard work, his __________ (奉献） to the community finally paid off. 3. The problem of water shortage is becoming increasingly __________ (紧迫的） in this region. 4. As an __________ (建筑师）, she believes that buildings should live in harmony with nature. 5. Finding a __________ (参照点） is essential when we measure the height of a mountain. 6. This restaurant has become a popular __________ (目的地） for food lovers across the city. 7. The project aims to __________ (推动） the local economy and create more job opportunities. 8. The factory has __________ (传统的） machines, which should be replaced with modern ones. 9. This sofa is __________ (定制的） — it was designed to fit perfectly in this corner. 10. The old house is now listed on the __________ (国家历史名胜名录）. 11. After the __________ (手术）, she knew she needed to make a change in her lifestyle. 12. The three-day __________ (美食节） is held each September in Ludlow. 13. The chef showed us how the dish was __________ (专门设计的） to raise awareness about food waste. 14. Students who are around plants tend to __________ (学业表现更好）. 15. She has become an __________ (榜样） for many social media users. 练习三 短语搭配 连线匹配 将左列的动词与右列的词语连线，使短语搭配完整。请注意，一个动词可能对应多个搭配。 1. take pride a. climate change 2. put down b. roots 3. boost c. as a major problem 4. tackle d. a flight 5. perceive... e. in a job well done 6. reschedule f. one's own business 7. live g. efficiency 8. set up h. one's dream 9. raise i. a new environment 10. adapt to j. awareness about... 11. keep up k. one's plan 12. stick to l. with one's peers 练习四 长难句翻译 将下列英文句子翻译成中文，注意长难句的结构分析。 1. Little did I know that the small decision to join the school choir would completely change my life. 2. The city has put together a package of policies to help small businesses survive, while also doing its part to create more jobs for young people. 3. On her first day at the new school, she was greeted with such warmth from her classmates that she immediately felt at home. 4. The research team consists of scientists from different countries, each bringing their unique expertise to the project that aims to find a cure for the disease. 5. Who was I to judge others for giving up when I myself had never even had the courage to try? 6. But it's amazing how you can adapt and learn in a new environment, and over time, I've found myself feeling extremely at home here. 7. If you've never experienced the "sunshine scent" from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 练习五 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last weekend, I attended my first yoga class, 1.______ had been recommended by a close friend. For the first twenty minutes, we remained 2.______ (complete) still, focusing on our breathing. The instructor, a woman 3.______ over fifteen years of experience, told us that a good yoga session is one with no 4.______ (distract). "Your mind and body must go together," she said. "That is all that 5.______ (matter)." Although I am not 6.______ morning person, I began to enjoy the early practice. We moved through various yoga poses, of 7.______ there are dozens in the style she teaches. The poses have 8.______ (describe) names like "downward dog" and "warrior pose." During the class, I tried to keep my eyes 9.______ the instructor and copy her movements. At the end, I felt wide awake, despite it still 10.______ (be) early. It was time for my cup of tea — another life force! 练习六 写作词汇升级 同义替换 用更高级的词汇或短语替换下列句子中的划线部分，使表达更地道。 1. I was very surprised and pleased when I received the award. 改写：I was __________ when I received the award. 2. He is very proud of being the youngest team leader in the company. 改写：He __________ being the youngest team leader. 3. The cold weather did not stop them from going out. 改写：__________ the cold weather, they still went out. 4. She thinks that mistake is a big problem. 改写：She __________ mistake __________ a major __________. 5. Because of her hard work, she lost 20 pounds and became much healthier. 改写：__________ to turn her life around, she began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle. 6. People who live in environments with many plants report higher life satisfaction. 改写：People who live in __________ environments report higher life satisfaction. 7. The project was designed to make people more aware of food waste. 改写：The project was designed to __________ about food waste. 练习七 综合句子翻译（汉译英） 将下列中文句子翻译成英文，尽量使用高考级别的高级词汇和句型。 1. 我几乎不知道，这次偶然的交谈会开启我的写作生涯。（Little...倒装句） 2. 她如此热情地投入到这项工作中，以至于所有人都被她的奉献精神所打动。(such...that...) 3. 尽管缺乏经验，他还是设法在截止日期前完成了这个项目。(despite; manage to） 4. 我们应该将错误视为学习的机会，而不是失败。(perceive...as...; rather than） 5. 这项创新技术不仅提高了效率，还为应对气候变化做出了贡献。(not only...but also...; tackle） 6. 失败不应被视为终点，而应被视为通往成功的垫脚石。(stepping stone） 7. 令人惊奇的是，随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这个陌生的小镇感到越来越自在。(it's amazing how...; find oneself doing） 练习一 选词填空 1. reschedule 2. fairly nervous 3. set up 4. talkative; just the opposite 5. think twice 6. career plan; pursue 7. departure 8. strength training 9. wake-up call 10. cultural identity 练习二 语境填空 1. innovative 2. devotion 3. urgent 4. architect 5. reference point 6. destination 7. boost 8. conventional 9. custom-made 10. National Register of Historic Places 11. surgery 12. food festival 13. tailor-made 14. perform better academically 15. inspiration 练习三 短语搭配连线 1–e 2–b 3–g 4–a 5–c 6–d 7–h 8–f 9–j 10–i 11–l 12–k 练习四 长难句翻译 1. 我根本不知道，加入学校合唱团这个小小的决定会彻底改变我的人生。 2. 该市推出了一揽子政策来帮助小企业生存，同时也在为年轻人创造更多就业机会出一份力。 3. 在新学校的第一天，同学们的热情欢迎让她立刻有了家的感觉。 4. 这个研究团队由来自不同国家的科学家组成，每个人都为这个旨在找到治愈疾病方法的项目贡献了独特的专长。 5. 我有什么资格去评判别人的放弃——我自己甚至从未有过尝试的勇气？ 6. 但令人惊奇的是，你在新环境中竟能适应并学习，而随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感到极其自在。 7. 如果你从未体验过被晾晒了一天的床单或衬衫上的“阳光香味”，那你真的错过了生命中的一大奇迹。 练习五 语法填空 1. which 2. completely 3. with 4. distractions 5. matters 6. a 7. which 8. descriptive 9. on 10. being 练习六 同义替换 1. pleasantly surprised 2. prides himself on 3. Despite 4. perceives the; as; problem 5. Determined 6. plant-rich 7. raise awareness 练习七 汉译英 1. Little did I know that this casual conversation would start my writing career. 2. She threw herself into the work with such enthusiasm that everyone was moved by her devotion. 3. Despite his lack of experience, he managed to complete the project before the deadline. 4. We should perceive mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than failures. 5. This innovative technology not only boosts efficiency but also contributes to tackling climate change. 6. Failure should be viewed not as an end but as a stepping stone to success. 7. It's amazing how, over time, I've found myself feeling more and more at home in this unfamiliar town. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $