精品解析：广东佛山市南海区2022-2023学年第二学期高一素养提升学业水平测试英语试卷

南海区2022至2023学年第二学期高一素养提升学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共12页, 笔试部分满分130分, 考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试 (独立安排, 满分20分) 第二部分 综合运用 (共四节, 满分60分) 第一节 课外阅读理解 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分 20分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A From Underdog to Oscar Hong Chau didn’t intend to get up early on January 24 to see the Oscar nominations (提名) announced live on TV. But with a 2-year-old daughter, she and her husband were awake by 5 a.m. “We had coffee in bed and watched,” she says. And then her name was called in the Best Supporting Actress list for her performance as Brendan Fraser in The Whale. “I couldn’t process it,” remembers Chau, who celebrated with an ice cream. Not long after, she adds, “I found myself out in the rain talking to a guy who is going to give us a price for the floor repair. So it was a very exciting day and a very normal day.” It was also a day she didn’t think would ever come. Chau, 43, who came to the U. S. as a young girl with her family as refugees (难民) from Vietnam, had a long road to become one of Hollywood’s most popular actresses. She grew up poor and in adulthood battled overcoming shyness and an industry that didn’t know what to do with her. She struggled for 10 years before landing movies that made her famous, like 2017’s Downsizing and now The Whale, in which she plays the tough-loving best friend of a 600-pound man on a path of self-destruction. “My entire career has been about being an underdog and trying to get into the room,” she says, “so this is amazing.” Whether or not she bags an Oscar on March 12, Chau is looking toward the future with an open mind. “I hope more things keep coming up that surprise me,” she says. “And I hope I’m ready to meet the moment.” 1. What was Hong Chau’s reaction to her nomination? A. She was surprised. B. She cried tears of joy. C. She celebrated wildly. D. She called her parents immediately. 2. What can we know about Hong Chau? A. She became famous quickly. B. She was sure about her success. C. She enjoyed a comfortable childhood. D. She made a breakthrough in Downsizing. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A film review. B. A people magazine. C. A history brochure. D. An interview report. B I was about to board a plane, and I was terrified. Instead of being afraid of flying, I was actually afraid of what would be in store for me at my destination (目的地). The year was 2005. The plane’s destination? Tanzania. I’d never traveled somewhere so different before, and I was a little scared. But little did I know how the next six weeks would change my life. The travel was part of a university program the summer after my first year in college. We spent several weeks outside of Arusha, volunteering at a community center. During that time we integrated ourselves into the lives of local families — sharing meals, playing with their kids, and visiting their homes. Those experiences allowed me to grow more in those few weeks than I did my entire first year of college. When I returned from my trip, I turned into a totally different person. I actually kissed a toilet at the airport and I cried during my first hot shower. That’s because they are things I didn’t have during my time in Tanzania. More importantly, they are things I used to take for granted (认为理当如此). I used to think they came naturally to me and pay little attention to them. Apart from that, I learned to appreciate the beauty of diversity (多样性). The Tanzanian people are welcoming, strong, and extremely positive. Their language, clothing, and culture are beautiful. Growing up in rural Now York State, I’d never before experienced people so different from me. But during my time in Tanzania, I learned to accept our differences and our similarities. After my stay in Tanzania, I also realized giving back to others and seeing the smiles on their faces is a feeling unmatched by anything else. So I decided to help people wherever and whenever I could — for them and for myself, whether it’s letting someone in need cut in front of me in the supermarket line, or volunteering in my hometown or another country. It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me. Sometimes I wonder what my life would be like if I hadn’t gotten on that plane to East Africa. 4. What made the writer afraid before boarding the plane? A. Taking a flight. B. Traveling by herself. C. The length of the trip. D. The unknown lying ahead. 5. What do we know about the writer’s experience in Tanzania from paragraph 3? A. She became more emotional. B. She learned to be more thankful. C. She enjoyed the living conditions there. D. She was afraid of going to toilet in Tanzania. 6. What’s the best title for this text? A. A Short Trip: Life Long Impact B. A Usual Flight: Unusual Sights C. Tanzania: A Place Full of Diversity D. Volunteer Work: Best Way to Offer Help C 20 years ago, Katey Lovel headed from a small town to University in Sheffield. Now she has settled in the city. Friendships have been formed, a career has been built and she has been married. She has now lived in Sheffield longer than she lived in her hometown. Yet no matter how happy she is in this city, there’s always a desire to return to her hometown. Why? The simple answer is that the sense of home isn’t only about time spent in a place—instead, it is about emotional connection and a feeling of safety. “Homesickness usually comes from being somewhere that doesn’t quite feel like home,” says award-winning Cheshire psychologist (心理学家) Wendy Dignan. “It’s a little bit like feeling sad because we’ve lost something that provides a safe zone (区域). And many people rely on something outside to achieve that. It might be a place, a home, or even just a person.” Nostalgia (怀旧) also has a role to play. The desire to return home—especially after such a long time away—can be as much about wanting to go back to a simpler, happier time of life as it is about returning to a place. This is particularly true when feeling homesick for where you grew up. The Welsh language has a word for this specific type of homesickness—“hiraeth”. It recognises the love for a specific time and place as well as accepting that going back in time is impossible. Those who do return to their hometown may find a very different place to the one they left behind. There are things you can do to help yourself if you are struggling with homesickness. Surrounding yourself with familiar objects and following a regular practice can be a way of holding onto connections to the past, while being present in the now. Dignan suggests going to the same coffee shop or gym at a certain time each day or week to build a feeling of familiarity because, as humans, familiarity is a useful tool for overcoming homesickness and building the important safe zone. “However, if there’s a part of you that keeps pulling you back to your hometown, just learn to accept it and live with it peacefully,” adds Dignan. 7. What does the writer try to tell us by Katey’s example in paragraph 1? A. Katey Lovel is successful. B. Being homesick is normal. C. Life in the city is wonderful. D. Katey Lovel loves living in the city. 8. Why do people feel homesick when they are away from home? A. Life outside their hometown is dull. B. Life is inconvenient in a new place. C. They feel unsafe when they leave home. D. They don’t stay long enough in a new place. 9. What does the underlined word “hiraeth” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A desire for living a different life. B. A desire for seeing your friends and family. C. A feeling of sadness about losing a safe zone. D. A feeling of homesickness for where you grew up. 10. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Causes of homesickness. B. Impact of homesickness. C. Ways of beating homesickness. D. Reasons for accepting homesickness. 第二节 课内阅读理解 (满分 15分 (一) 单项选择 (共3小题; 每小题2分, 满分6分) 阅读下面课内节选文本, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 In the history of space exploration, hundreds of astronauts have made the journey into space. Men and women from all over the world have studied, trained and worked hard in order to go into space. It is a job that calls for a special blend of skill, talent and bravery, as well as great physical and mental strength. There are many risks and dangers, but the work is extremely important, and the knowledge that we can gain from exploring space is invaluable. Challenger Sometimes even the best-planned space missions can go terribly wrong. The Challenger mission is an example of this. On 28 January, 1986, seven American astronauts (five men and two women) died when the US space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after it was launched. Among them was Sharon Christa McAuliffe, a secondary school teacher, who was going to be the first teacher in space. Millions of people around the world, including many students in primary and secondary schools, d watched the disaster happen live on TV. Shenzhou V China’s first manned spaceship lifted off on 15 October, 2003. The spaceship, called Shenzhou V, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. During the 21-hour space flight, the Shenzhou V circled the Earth 14 times. While the spaceship was circling the Earth, Yang Liwei performed a number of scientific tasks and had a chance to speak to his family. He also flew the flags of China and the United Nations, symbolising China’s wish to explore and use space peacefully. On 16 October, the Shenzhou V landed safely in Inner Mongolia. Millions of people all over the world watched the landing on TV. When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him. Although he was happy to be home, he said, “I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.” 11. What happened to Challenger? A. It sent a teacher into space. B. It failed to reach outer space. C. It exploded before lifting off. D. It returned shortly after its launch. 12. What did Yang Liwei do during the space flight? A. He greeted the crowds. B. He spoke to people across China. C. He finished some scientific tasks. D. He explored outside the spaceship. 13. What do Yang Liwei’s words in the last paragraph imply? A. He wanted to stay longer in space. B. He was glad to have landed safely. C. He missed his family terribly in space. D. He was unsatisfied with his space journey. (二) 不定项选择 (共2小题; 每小题2分, 满分4分) 阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项。 Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself. Before the performance, the backstage atmosphere at a very famous theatre in Vienna was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius? The audience didn’t hesitate to applaud as the famous composer walked onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. Despite being deaf, Beethoven energetically conducted the orchestra, together with the musical director, Michael Umlauf. To his surprise, the symphony was so successful that all the audience couldn’t help clapping and cheering.The audience was equally shocked to learn that the composer was deaf and still able to create such amazing music. 14. What was the inspiration for Beethoven’s works according to the text? A. His great skills on the piano. B. The recognition from others. C. The atmosphere in Germany. D. His struggles with hearing loss. 15. How did Beethoven feel before the performance? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Unconfident. D. Disappointed. (三) 选词填空 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 请从方框内的选项中选出可以填入下列空格的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. inspired B. visual C. surprised D. reactions E. surrounded F. striking G. series The Empire of Light is a ____16____ of paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte. Between 1953 and 1954, he painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, ____17____ by the darkness of night. What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. It seems like quite a mysterious scene. Magritte was a painter ____18____ by his thoughts and ideas. His paintings were ____19____ experiments as he tried to play with reality. His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality. The Empire of Light has produced different ____20____ in viewers. Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling. Others, however, find them calming. 第三节 选句填空 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why We Love Visiting Art Exhibitions (and You Should Too!) ____21____ Visiting an art exhibition is not just for those who have a passion for arts, and it can be enjoyed by anyone and everyone. Here are some reasons why we think you should give it a try! ● ____22____ Well, there are a variety of ways to learn about art from the exhibition you visit. First off, take a tour with an experienced guide who can explain what the artwork means and give insight into how it was created. You should also look out for other visitors that may be holding up signs offering tours or wearing name badges (徽章) as well. ____23____ Other times they might just be super interesting artists themselves. ●Visiting art exhibitions often improves your mood. As one of life’s simple pleasures, there is actually a reason why people love visiting art exhibitions — it makes them happier! ____24____ This means that your thinking becomes less focused on negative emotions such as anxiety or anger because instead, you are thinking more abstractly (抽象地), which can help reduce stress levels. ●Visiting an art exhibition increases your level of creativity. Visitors can increase their levels of creativity by being open-minded when they see new artwork and try not to compare it with other pieces that they have seen before. You might even discover something about yourself or come up with your own personal understanding. ____25____ A. Going to art galleries helps you get art education. B. Going to art galleries helps you make some unexpected friends. C. When you go into an art gallery, your mind starts wandering (漫游). D. This is highly valuable when trying to understand more about who you are. E. Art galleries are a place that everyone should visit at least once in their life. F. Sometimes they’re university students looking to practice their public speaking. G. But what’s most important is to listen to the creators for their purpose of creation. 第四节 完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题1分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving. For years, my dad ____26____ me to and from work without any complaint. He knew I was ____27____ of driving, so he never pushed me. It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around and I____28____ it as much. Now he pushed me to drive and I wondered what had caused this_____29_____. My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it, and it was becoming harder to ____30____. He put his hand on my shoulder to ____31____ me. “Just take a deep breath and start the car.” I____32____ and eased my way out of the parking lot and onto the street. I couldn’t believe it. I was____33____ driving. I didn’t know why I was scared in the first place-until I saw a speed sign that someone had run over. Scenes of____34____ car crashes flashed into my mind. I held the wheel tightly. “Remember your first cycle ride?” He tried to_____35_____ my fear. “You kept falling off but you were so_____36_____. I told you that you could do anything you set your mind to.” “Why did you make me drive today?” I asked. He said, “My_____37_____ was poorer, and I even ran into a sign. It’s probably just my blood pressure again.” My dad once again eased my fear. _____38_____, that was the last drive I had with my dad. It wasn’t his blood pressure; it was_____39_____ that had given him only a few months to live. I never_____40_____ driving. Every time I get behind the wheel, I could feel his comforting hand on my shoulder. 26. A. walked B. drove C. led D. helped 27. A. fond B. tired C. frightened D. proud 28. A. enjoyed B. forgot C. understood D. ignored 29. A. loss B. challenge C. disappointment D. change 30. A. ride B. fight C. breathe D. interrupt 31. A. comfort B. inspire C. defend D. inform 32. A. replied B. nodded C. admitted D. refused 33. A. actually B. unwillingly C. hardly D. immediately 34. A. thought-provoking B. life-threatening C. eye-catching D. brain-washing 35. A. feel B. notice C. relieve D. describe 36. A. brave B. scared C. smart D. anxious 37. A. memory B. strength C. situation D. eyesight 38. A. Helplessly B. Sadly C. Frankly D. Obviously 39. A. pressure B. headache C. cancer D. coughing 40. A. carried on B. thought of C. took up D. gave up 第三部分 知识基础 (共四节, 满分40分) 第一节 词义匹配 (共 15 小题: 每小题1分, 满分 15分) 第一组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____41____ desire ____42____ scare ____43____ capital ____44____ select ____45____ decorate A. to frighten sb. B. to say what sb. /sth. is like C. the person in charge of a ship D. a strong wish to have or do sth. E. the most important town or city of a country F. to choose sb. /sth. from a group of people or things G. to make sth. look more attractive by putting things on it 第二组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____46____ relief ____47____ earn ____48____ passion ____49____ resource ____50____ appreciate A. to win sth. you need B. something that you believe C. a very strong feeling of liking sth. D. to recognize the good qualities of sb. or sth. E. a place, person or thing that you get sth. from F. the act of removing or reducing pain, anxiety, etc. G. a supply of something such as money, materials, etc. 第三组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____51____ cheer ____52____ complete ____53____ struggle ____54____ eager ____55____ represent A. to stand for B. to finish doing sth. C. to take part in a contest or game D. wanting to do or have sth. very much E. to try very hard to do sth. when it is difficult F. to show or describe sth. /sb. in a particular way G. to shout loudly, to show support or praise for sb. 第二节 语音知识 (共5 小题; 每小题1分, 满分 5分) 请选择单词与音标匹配正确的选项。 56. A. bite /bɪt/ B. honesty /’hɒnəsti/ C. admirable /æd’mərəb(ə)l/ D. bravery /’breɪvəri/ 57. A. courage /’kʌreɪdʒ/ B. severe /sɪ’vɪə(r)/ C. organise /ɔ:gə’naɪz/ D. apply /ə’plɪ/ 58. A. tough /taʊf/ B. doubt /daʊt/ C. compose /’kəmpəʊz/ D. recipe /’resəp/ 59. A. adapt /ə’deɪpt/ B. various /’vaɪriəs/ C. crowd /kraʊd/ D. graduation /græʒu’eɪʃ(ə)n/ 60. A. specific /spe’sɪfɪk/ B. muscle /’mʌsk(ə)l/ C. immediately /ɪ’mi:diətli/ D. sweat /swi:t/ 第三节 (共 5 小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 看音标写单词 61. /sə’vaɪv/__________________ 62. /ə’bɪləti/__________________ 63. /rɪ’kʌvə (r)/ __________________ 64. /smaɪl/__________________ 65. /pə’fɔ:m/__________________ 第四节 单句语法填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 根据下列各句句意, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked ________(go) and got more fish than others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. In December, our great________(excite) grew each day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. ________ makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 69. You can give a brief ________ (respond) to a message with an emoji or a picture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. After hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually ________ (come) across a promising chemical. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. Face-to-face communication is the best way________ (maintain) healthy friendship. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. I think our climate is ________ (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. Christopher Reeve soon gained a reputation________ raising awareness for good causes. (用适当的词填空) 74. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars ________ (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75. We've offered her the job, but I don't know ________ she'll accept it. (用适当的词填空) 76. We rested for ________ while and then moved on to the next camp. (用适当的词填空) 77. The film ________ (translate) into several foreign languages up till now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 78. It would be ____________ (stress) to work with people who hates making mistakes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 79. Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, ________ made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (用适当的词填空) 80. According to a recent study, runners live three years________ (long) than non-runners. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 句子翻译 (共5小题; 每小题3分, 满分15分) 把下面句子翻译成英文。 81. 我仍然能清楚地记得奶奶和我们一起度过的那个难忘的圣诞节。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 82. 每年我一上火车，就会被山西口音包围。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 83. 突然，天空乌云密布，不到一分钟我们就遇上了可怕的暴风雨。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 84. 工作了一整天后，张天终于回到了他的小房间，感觉累极了。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 85. 我正走在乡间的小路上，突然一头牛冲了出来。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达 (满分 15分) 86. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom最近沉迷于网络，感觉不知如何与身边的同学相处，写信向你求助。请你给他写一封回信，为他提供一些建议。内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 提出建议。 注意: 1. 词数80字左右； 2. 可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南海区2022至2023学年第二学期高一素养提升学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共12页, 笔试部分满分130分, 考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试 (独立安排, 满分20分) 第二部分 综合运用 (共四节, 满分60分) 第一节 课外阅读理解 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分 20分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A From Underdog to Oscar Hong Chau didn’t intend to get up early on January 24 to see the Oscar nominations (提名) announced live on TV. But with a 2-year-old daughter, she and her husband were awake by 5 a.m. “We had coffee in bed and watched,” she says. And then her name was called in the Best Supporting Actress list for her performance as Brendan Fraser in The Whale. “I couldn’t process it,” remembers Chau, who celebrated with an ice cream. Not long after, she adds, “I found myself out in the rain talking to a guy who is going to give us a price for the floor repair. So it was a very exciting day and a very normal day.” It was also a day she didn’t think would ever come. Chau, 43, who came to the U. S. as a young girl with her family as refugees (难民) from Vietnam, had a long road to become one of Hollywood’s most popular actresses. She grew up poor and in adulthood battled overcoming shyness and an industry that didn’t know what to do with her. She struggled for 10 years before landing movies that made her famous, like 2017’s Downsizing and now The Whale, in which she plays the tough-loving best friend of a 600-pound man on a path of self-destruction. “My entire career has been about being an underdog and trying to get into the room,” she says, “so this is amazing.” Whether or not she bags an Oscar on March 12, Chau is looking toward the future with an open mind. “I hope more things keep coming up that surprise me,” she says. “And I hope I’m ready to meet the moment.” 1. What was Hong Chau’s reaction to her nomination? A. She was surprised. B. She cried tears of joy. C. She celebrated wildly. D. She called her parents immediately. 2. What can we know about Hong Chau? A. She became famous quickly. B. She was sure about her success. C. She enjoyed a comfortable childhood. D. She made a breakthrough in Downsizing. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A film review. B. A people magazine. C. A history brochure. D. An interview report. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述越南裔演员周洪意外获得奥斯卡提名，回顾其坎坷奋斗经历并展现其平和的未来心态。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I couldn’t process it.(我无法相信这件事)”可知，周洪得知自己获得提名时感到十分意外、惊讶。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She struggled for 10 years before landing movies that made her famous, like 2017’s Downsizing (在出演让她成名的电影，如 2017 年的《缩小人生》之前，她奋斗了十年)”可知，她凭借《缩小人生》实现事业突破、一举成名。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。全文以人物故事为主，大量引用周洪本人的直接引语，介绍其个人经历与心声，符合人物杂志的行文特点。 B I was about to board a plane, and I was terrified. Instead of being afraid of flying, I was actually afraid of what would be in store for me at my destination (目的地). The year was 2005. The plane’s destination? Tanzania. I’d never traveled somewhere so different before, and I was a little scared. But little did I know how the next six weeks would change my life. The travel was part of a university program the summer after my first year in college. We spent several weeks outside of Arusha, volunteering at a community center. During that time we integrated ourselves into the lives of local families — sharing meals, playing with their kids, and visiting their homes. Those experiences allowed me to grow more in those few weeks than I did my entire first year of college. When I returned from my trip, I turned into a totally different person. I actually kissed a toilet at the airport and I cried during my first hot shower. That’s because they are things I didn’t have during my time in Tanzania. More importantly, they are things I used to take for granted (认为理当如此). I used to think they came naturally to me and pay little attention to them. Apart from that, I learned to appreciate the beauty of diversity (多样性). The Tanzanian people are welcoming, strong, and extremely positive. Their language, clothing, and culture are beautiful. Growing up in rural Now York State, I’d never before experienced people so different from me. But during my time in Tanzania, I learned to accept our differences and our similarities. After my stay in Tanzania, I also realized giving back to others and seeing the smiles on their faces is a feeling unmatched by anything else. So I decided to help people wherever and whenever I could — for them and for myself, whether it’s letting someone in need cut in front of me in the supermarket line, or volunteering in my hometown or another country. It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me. Sometimes I wonder what my life would be like if I hadn’t gotten on that plane to East Africa. 4. What made the writer afraid before boarding the plane? A. Taking a flight. B. Traveling by herself. C. The length of the trip. D. The unknown lying ahead. 5. What do we know about the writer’s experience in Tanzania from paragraph 3? A. She became more emotional. B. She learned to be more thankful. C. She enjoyed the living conditions there. D. She was afraid of going to toilet in Tanzania. 6. What’s the best title for this text? A. A Short Trip: Life Long Impact B. A Usual Flight: Unusual Sights C. Tanzania: A Place Full of Diversity D. Volunteer Work: Best Way to Offer Help 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者坦桑尼亚之行的经历与收获，这次旅行改变了作者心态，使其学会感恩、包容与回馈社会。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead of being afraid of flying, I was actually afraid of what would be in store for me at my destination (目的地).(我并不害怕坐飞机，我其实害怕目的地等待着我的未知事物)”可知，作者登机前害怕的是前方未知的境遇。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That’s because they are things I didn’t have during my time in Tanzania. More importantly, they are things I used to take for granted (认为理当如此). I used to think they came naturally to me and pay little attention to them.(那是因为这些东西是我在坦桑尼亚时所没有的。更重要的是，这些是我过去认为理所应当的事物。我过去曾以为它们来到我身边是理所当然的，很少关注它们)”可知，经历这段旅程后作者开始珍惜原本习以为常的事物，学会了更加感恩。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But little did I know how the next six weeks would change my life.(但我当时并不知道，接下来的六周将会改变我的人生)”以及最后一段中的“It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me.(我前往坦桑尼亚的旅行距今已有十年，这些人生准则至今仍指引着我)”并结合全文内容可知，本文讲述了作者坦桑尼亚之行的经历与收获，短期的坦桑尼亚旅行给作者带来了终身的积极影响。A选项“短期旅行：终身影响”贴合全文主旨，适合作标题。 C 20 years ago, Katey Lovel headed from a small town to University in Sheffield. Now she has settled in the city. Friendships have been formed, a career has been built and she has been married. She has now lived in Sheffield longer than she lived in her hometown. Yet no matter how happy she is in this city, there’s always a desire to return to her hometown. Why? The simple answer is that the sense of home isn’t only about time spent in a place—instead, it is about emotional connection and a feeling of safety. “Homesickness usually comes from being somewhere that doesn’t quite feel like home,” says award-winning Cheshire psychologist (心理学家) Wendy Dignan. “It’s a little bit like feeling sad because we’ve lost something that provides a safe zone (区域). And many people rely on something outside to achieve that. It might be a place, a home, or even just a person.” Nostalgia (怀旧) also has a role to play. The desire to return home—especially after such a long time away—can be as much about wanting to go back to a simpler, happier time of life as it is about returning to a place. This is particularly true when feeling homesick for where you grew up. The Welsh language has a word for this specific type of homesickness—“hiraeth”. It recognises the love for a specific time and place as well as accepting that going back in time is impossible. Those who do return to their hometown may find a very different place to the one they left behind. There are things you can do to help yourself if you are struggling with homesickness. Surrounding yourself with familiar objects and following a regular practice can be a way of holding onto connections to the past, while being present in the now. Dignan suggests going to the same coffee shop or gym at a certain time each day or week to build a feeling of familiarity because, as humans, familiarity is a useful tool for overcoming homesickness and building the important safe zone. “However, if there’s a part of you that keeps pulling you back to your hometown, just learn to accept it and live with it peacefully,” adds Dignan. 7. What does the writer try to tell us by Katey’s example in paragraph 1? A. Katey Lovel is successful. B. Being homesick is normal. C. Life in the city is wonderful. D. Katey Lovel loves living in the city. 8. Why do people feel homesick when they are away from home? A. Life outside their hometown is dull. B. Life is inconvenient in a new place. C. They feel unsafe when they leave home. D. They don’t stay long enough in a new place. 9. What does the underlined word “hiraeth” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A desire for living a different life. B. A desire for seeing your friends and family. C. A feeling of sadness about losing a safe zone. D. A feeling of homesickness for where you grew up. 10. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Causes of homesickness. B. Impact of homesickness. C. Ways of beating homesickness. D. Reasons for accepting homesickness. 【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章以凯蒂定居他乡仍思乡为例，阐释乡愁源于安全感缺失与怀旧，介绍威尔士词 hiraeth，并给出缓解乡愁的可行办法。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“20 years ago, Katey Lovel headed from a small town to University in Sheffield. Now she has settled in the city. Friendships have been formed, a career has been built and she has been married. She has now lived in Sheffield longer than she lived in her hometown. Yet no matter how happy she is in this city, there’s always a desire to return to her hometown. Why?( 20年前，凯蒂·洛夫尔从一个小镇搬到了位于谢菲尔德的一所大学。如今她已安顿在了这座城市。她结交了朋友，建立了事业，并且结婚了。她在这里生活的时光，比在家乡还长。然而，无论她在城里多么幸福，内心始终怀有回到故乡的渴望。为什么？)”可推知，作者通过第一段中凯蒂的例子想告诉我们即便生活顺遂，想家也是十分正常的情绪。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““Homesickness usually comes from being somewhere that doesn’t quite feel like home,” says award-winning Cheshire psychologist (心理学家) Wendy Dignan. “It’s a little bit like feeling sad because we’ve lost something that provides a safe zone (区域). And many people rely on something outside to achieve that. It might be a place, a home, or even just a person.”(“思乡之情通常源于身处一个并不完全像家的地方，”获奖的柴郡心理学家温迪·迪格南表示，“这有点像因为失去了一个提供安全港湾的事物而感到悲伤。许多人会依赖外界来获得这种感觉，可能是某个地方、一个家，甚至只是一个人。”)”可知，人们远离家乡时会感到思乡是因为离开家后他们感到不安全。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The desire to return home—especially after such a long time away—can be as much about wanting to go back to a simpler, happier time of life as it is about returning to a place. This is particularly true when feeling homesick for where you grew up.( 想要回家的愿望——尤其是在远离家乡这么长时间之后——可能既想回到过去更简单、更幸福的时光，也可能只是想回到那个地方。这种情况尤其常见于思念成长地时。)”以及“It recognises the love for a specific time and place as well as accepting that going back in time is impossible.( 这个词既表达了对特定时间与地点的眷恋，也承认回到过去是不可能的。)”可知，第三段先说明对成长之地的乡愁还包含对“更简单快乐时光的怀念”，随后指出威尔士语的“hiraeth”就是用来指代这种特定的乡愁，即对成长之地、对过往时光的怀恋。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There are things you can do to help yourself if you are struggling with homesick- ness. Surrounding yourself with familiar objects and following a regular practice can be a way of holding onto connections to the past, while being present in the now. Dignan suggests going to the same coffee shop or gym at a certain time each day or week to build a feeling of familiarity because, as humans, familiarity is a useful tool for overcoming homesickness and building the important safe zone. “However, if there’s a part of you that keeps pulling you back to your hometown, just learn to accept it and live with it peacefully,” adds Dignan.( 如果你正经历思乡之苦，有一些方法可以帮助你缓解这种情绪。将熟悉的物品环绕身边，并坚持规律的日常习惯，是一种既能维系对过去的联系，又能活在当下的方式。迪格南建议，每天或每周固定时间去同一个咖啡店或健身房，以建立一种熟悉感，因为对人类而言，熟悉感是克服思乡之情、营造重要安全空间的有效工具。“然而，如果你内心有部分始终让你回到家乡，那就学会接纳它，并平静地与之共处。”迪格南补充道。)”可知，最后一段主要讲了克服怀乡之情的方法。 第二节 课内阅读理解 (满分 15分 (一) 单项选择 (共3小题; 每小题2分, 满分6分) 阅读下面课内节选文本, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 In the history of space exploration, hundreds of astronauts have made the journey into space. Men and women from all over the world have studied, trained and worked hard in order to go into space. It is a job that calls for a special blend of skill, talent and bravery, as well as great physical and mental strength. There are many risks and dangers, but the work is extremely important, and the knowledge that we can gain from exploring space is invaluable. Challenger Sometimes even the best-planned space missions can go terribly wrong. The Challenger mission is an example of this. On 28 January, 1986, seven American astronauts (five men and two women) died when the US space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after it was launched. Among them was Sharon Christa McAuliffe, a secondary school teacher, who was going to be the first teacher in space. Millions of people around the world, including many students in primary and secondary schools, d watched the disaster happen live on TV. Shenzhou V China’s first manned spaceship lifted off on 15 October, 2003. The spaceship, called Shenzhou V, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. During the 21-hour space flight, the Shenzhou V circled the Earth 14 times. While the spaceship was circling the Earth, Yang Liwei performed a number of scientific tasks and had a chance to speak to his family. He also flew the flags of China and the United Nations, symbolising China’s wish to explore and use space peacefully. On 16 October, the Shenzhou V landed safely in Inner Mongolia. Millions of people all over the world watched the landing on TV. When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him. Although he was happy to be home, he said, “I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.” 11. What happened to Challenger? A. It sent a teacher into space. B. It failed to reach outer space. C. It exploded before lifting off. D. It returned shortly after its launch. 12. What did Yang Liwei do during the space flight? A. He greeted the crowds. B. He spoke to people across China. C. He finished some scientific tasks. D. He explored outside the spaceship. 13. What do Yang Liwei’s words in the last paragraph imply? A. He wanted to stay longer in space. B. He was glad to have landed safely. C. He missed his family terribly in space. D. He was unsatisfied with his space journey. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍太空探索的艰险与价值，讲述挑战者号失事事故及神舟五号载人航天飞行的圆满历程。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据Challenger中的“On 28 January, 1986, seven American astronauts (five men and two women) died when the US space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after it was launched.(1986年1月28日，美国挑战者号航天飞机发射后不久发生爆炸，七名美国宇航员（五男两女）遇难)”可知，挑战者号发射后爆炸，未能成功进入外太空。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据Shenzhou V中的“While the spaceship was circling the Earth, Yang Liwei performed a number of scientific tasks and had a chance to speak to his family.(飞船绕地球飞行期间，杨利伟完成了多项科学任务，并有机会和家人通话)”可知，杨利伟在太空飞行期间完成了一些科学任务。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据Shenzhou V中的“Although he was happy to be home, he said, “I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.”(虽然回到家他很开心，但他说：“我觉得在太空停留的21个小时太过短暂了。”)”可知，这句话暗示他希望能在太空停留更久的时间。 (二) 不定项选择 (共2小题; 每小题2分, 满分4分) 阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项。 Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself. Before the performance, the backstage atmosphere at a very famous theatre in Vienna was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius? The audience didn’t hesitate to applaud as the famous composer walked onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. Despite being deaf, Beethoven energetically conducted the orchestra, together with the musical director, Michael Umlauf. To his surprise, the symphony was so successful that all the audience couldn’t help clapping and cheering.The audience was equally shocked to learn that the composer was deaf and still able to create such amazing music. 14. What was the inspiration for Beethoven’s works according to the text? A. His great skills on the piano. B. The recognition from others. C. The atmosphere in Germany. D. His struggles with hearing loss. 15. How did Beethoven feel before the performance? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Unconfident. D. Disappointed. 【答案】14. D 15. BC 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了德国著名的作曲家贝多芬在失聪后没有放弃音乐，继续努力，终于在多年后，在维也纳的一家著名剧院成功地指挥乐队完成演出的一段经历。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself.”（在与耳聋斗争的激励下，这位作曲家创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括他的D小调第九交响曲，首演由贝多芬亲自指挥）可知，贝多芬的许多作品都是受到了他与失去听力作斗争的激励和启发所创作。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius?”（贝多芬担心这次演出会是一场灾难。毕竟，一个听不到自己管弦乐队演奏的指挥有什么用——即使他是一个音乐天才？）可知，演出前，贝多芬感到很担忧，担心人们不认可一个双耳失聪的指挥，对自己缺乏自信。故选BC。 (三) 选词填空 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 请从方框内的选项中选出可以填入下列空格的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. inspired B. visual C. surprised D. reactions E. surrounded F. striking G. series The Empire of Light is a ____16____ of paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte. Between 1953 and 1954, he painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, ____17____ by the darkness of night. What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. It seems like quite a mysterious scene. Magritte was a painter ____18____ by his thoughts and ideas. His paintings were ____19____ experiments as he tried to play with reality. His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality. The Empire of Light has produced different ____20____ in viewers. Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling. Others, however, find them calming. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了比利时画家马格利特的系列画作《光之帝国》，画面昼夜反差充满神秘感。他借作品做视觉实验打破现实认知，观众对此画感受褒贬不一。 【16题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：《光之帝国》是比利时艺术家雷内·马格利特创作的一系列画作。空处作定语修饰paintings，a series of是固定搭配，意为“一系列的”，符合语境，此处表示《光之帝国》是比利时画家雷内·马格利特创作的一组系列画作。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它展示了一个美丽的房子，里面有灯光照亮，周围是夜晚的黑暗。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰house，结合句子结构可知，此处为过去分词作后置定语，surrounded by 表示“被……环绕/包围”，描绘房屋被夜色笼罩的画面。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：马格利特是一位深受思想启发的画家。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰painter，结合句意可知，此处为inspired by 表示“受……启发”，过去分词短语作后置定语修饰painter，说明画家的创作源自自身的思考与理念。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他的画作是视觉上的实验，旨在挑战现实。空格修饰名词experiments，需用形容词；visual experiments 意为“视觉实验”，契合马格利特画作通过视觉效果探讨现实的特点。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：《光之帝国》在观众中引发了不同的反应。空格前有different修饰，需填入名词复数；different reactions表示“不同的反应”，对应后文观众对画作截然不同的感受。 第三节 选句填空 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why We Love Visiting Art Exhibitions (and You Should Too!) ____21____ Visiting an art exhibition is not just for those who have a passion for arts, and it can be enjoyed by anyone and everyone. Here are some reasons why we think you should give it a try! ● ____22____ Well, there are a variety of ways to learn about art from the exhibition you visit. First off, take a tour with an experienced guide who can explain what the artwork means and give insight into how it was created. You should also look out for other visitors that may be holding up signs offering tours or wearing name badges (徽章) as well. ____23____ Other times they might just be super interesting artists themselves. ●Visiting art exhibitions often improves your mood. As one of life’s simple pleasures, there is actually a reason why people love visiting art exhibitions — it makes them happier! ____24____ This means that your thinking becomes less focused on negative emotions such as anxiety or anger because instead, you are thinking more abstractly (抽象地), which can help reduce stress levels. ●Visiting an art exhibition increases your level of creativity. Visitors can increase their levels of creativity by being open-minded when they see new artwork and try not to compare it with other pieces that they have seen before. You might even discover something about yourself or come up with your own personal understanding. ____25____ A. Going to art galleries helps you get art education. B. Going to art galleries helps you make some unexpected friends. C. When you go into an art gallery, your mind starts wandering (漫游). D. This is highly valuable when trying to understand more about who you are. E. Art galleries are a place that everyone should visit at least once in their life. F. Sometimes they’re university students looking to practice their public speaking. G. But what’s most important is to listen to the creators for their purpose of creation. 【答案】21. E 22. A 23. F 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍参观艺术展并非艺术爱好者的专属，阐释了参观艺术展的多重益处，呼吁大众尝试参观艺术展。 【21题详解】 下文“Visiting an art exhibition is not just for those who have a passion for arts, and it can be enjoyed by anyone and everyone. (参观艺术展并不只是热爱艺术的人的专属，所有人都可以从中获得乐趣。)”说明艺术展适合所有人，E选项“Art galleries are a place that everyone should visit at least once in their life. (美术馆是每个人一生中至少应该参观一次的地方。)”总起全文，引出下文参观艺术展的诸多理由。 【22题详解】 本空为段落小标题，需概括整段主旨。根据下文“Well, there are a variety of ways to learn about art from the exhibition you visit. First off, take a tour with an experienced guide who can explain what the artwork means and give insight into how it was created. You should also look out for other visitors that may be holding up signs offering tours or wearing name badges (徽章) as well. (好吧，你可以通过多种方式在参观的展览中了解艺术。首先，跟随经验丰富的讲解员游览，讲解员能够讲解艺术品的内涵，并深入解读它的创作过程。你也可以留意其他举着导览标识或是佩戴姓名徽章的参观者。)”可知，本段介绍了可以通过导游讲解、跟随参观人群等方式在艺术展中学习艺术知识、了解艺术作品，A选项“Going to art galleries helps you get art education. (参观美术馆有助于你接受艺术教育。)”精准概括本段核心内容。 【23题详解】 下文“Other times they might just be super interesting artists themselves. (另一些时候，他们本身可能是非常有趣的艺术家。)”出现固定搭配other times，与F选项“Sometimes they’re university students looking to practice their public speaking. (有时他们是想要练习公开演讲的大学生。)”中的sometimes形成呼应，介绍了展馆中可跟随参观的人群身份。 【24题详解】 下文“This means that your thinking becomes less focused on negative emotions such as anxiety or anger because instead, you are thinking more abstractly, which can help reduce stress levels. (这意味着你的思维不再专注于焦虑、愤怒等负面情绪，转而进行更抽象的思考，有助于降低压力水。平)”是对设空处内容的解释说明，C 选项“When you go into an art gallery, your mind starts wandering. (当你走进美术馆，你的思维开始发散。)”引出后文思维变化、改善情绪的原理。 【25题详解】 上文“You might even discover something about yourself or come up with your own personal understanding. (你甚至可以发掘自我，形成属于自己的独特见解。)”介绍参观艺术展能让人收获自我认知，D选项“This is highly valuable when trying to understand more about who you are. (这对于深入了解自我极具价值。)”承接上文，总结该收获的意义，上下文逻辑连贯。 第四节 完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题1分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving. For years, my dad ____26____ me to and from work without any complaint. He knew I was ____27____ of driving, so he never pushed me. It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around and I____28____ it as much. Now he pushed me to drive and I wondered what had caused this_____29_____. My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it, and it was becoming harder to ____30____. He put his hand on my shoulder to ____31____ me. “Just take a deep breath and start the car.” I____32____ and eased my way out of the parking lot and onto the street. I couldn’t believe it. I was____33____ driving. I didn’t know why I was scared in the first place-until I saw a speed sign that someone had run over. Scenes of____34____ car crashes flashed into my mind. I held the wheel tightly. “Remember your first cycle ride?” He tried to_____35_____ my fear. “You kept falling off but you were so_____36_____. I told you that you could do anything you set your mind to.” “Why did you make me drive today?” I asked. He said, “My_____37_____ was poorer, and I even ran into a sign. It’s probably just my blood pressure again.” My dad once again eased my fear. _____38_____, that was the last drive I had with my dad. It wasn’t his blood pressure; it was_____39_____ that had given him only a few months to live. I never_____40_____ driving. Every time I get behind the wheel, I could feel his comforting hand on my shoulder. 26. A. walked B. drove C. led D. helped 27. A. fond B. tired C. frightened D. proud 28. A. enjoyed B. forgot C. understood D. ignored 29. A. loss B. challenge C. disappointment D. change 30. A. ride B. fight C. breathe D. interrupt 31. A. comfort B. inspire C. defend D. inform 32. A. replied B. nodded C. admitted D. refused 33. A. actually B. unwillingly C. hardly D. immediately 34. A. thought-provoking B. life-threatening C. eye-catching D. brain-washing 35. A. feel B. notice C. relieve D. describe 36. A. brave B. scared C. smart D. anxious 37. A. memory B. strength C. situation D. eyesight 38. A. Helplessly B. Sadly C. Frankly D. Obviously 39. A. pressure B. headache C. cancer D. coughing 40. A. carried on B. thought of C. took up D. gave up 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年来，作者的父亲开车送作者上下班，没有任何抱怨，但是突然间他强迫作者开车，鼓励作者克服恐惧。随后作者才知道是父亲身患癌症，所以才强迫作者开车。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我父亲开车送我上下班，没有任何抱怨。A. walked走路；B. drove开车；C. led带领；D. helped帮助。由上文“I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving.(我坐在爸爸的车的方向盘后面，试图克服对开车的恐惧)”和下文“to and from work without any complaint”可知，作者的爸爸开车送作者上下班，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道我害怕开车，所以他从不强迫我。A. fond喜欢的；B. tired疲倦的；C. frightened害怕的；D. proud骄傲的。由上文“fight back my fear of driving”可知，作者害怕开车，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好像真的很喜欢开车带我四处转转，我也一样喜欢。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. forgot忘记；C. understood理解；D. ignored忽视。由上文“It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around”和下文“it as much”可知，作者喜欢爸爸开车带他四处转转，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他强迫我开车，我想知道是什么导致了这种变化。A. loss丢失；B. challenge挑战；C. disappointment失望；D. change变化。上文“he never pushed me”提到爸爸之前从来不强迫作者开车，但是如今却强迫作者开车，这是一种变化，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的胸口开始感觉好像有人坐在上面，呼吸越来越困难。A. ride骑行；B. fight斗争；C. breathe呼吸；D. interrupt打断。由上文“My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it,”可知，此处指呼吸困难，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把手放在我的肩膀上安慰我。A. comfort安慰；B. inspire鼓舞；C. defend保卫；D. inform通知。由下文“Just take a deep breath and start the car.(深呼吸，发动汽车)”可知，爸爸在安慰作者，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点点头，小心翼翼地走出停车场，来到街上。A. replied回复；B. nodded点头；C. admitted承认；D. refused拒绝。由上文“Just take a deep breath and start the car.(深呼吸，发动汽车)”可知，爸爸安慰作者，并告诉他发动汽车，于是作者点点头回应，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我竟然在开车。A. actually事实上；竟然；B. unwillingly不乐意地；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately立即。由上文“I couldn’t believe it.”可知，作者不相信自己在开车，所以此处指竟然在开车，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：危及生命的车祸场景闪现在我的脑海中。A. thought-provoking引人深思的；B. life-threatening威胁生命的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. brain-washing洗脑的。由下文“car crashes”可知，危及生命的车祸场景闪现在作者的脑海中，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图减轻我的恐惧。A. feel感觉；B. notice注意到；C. relieve减轻；D. describe描述。由上文“Remember your first cycle ride?”可知，爸爸通过作者第一次骑自行车的经历来安慰作者，减轻作者的恐惧，故选C。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你一直摔下去，但你很勇敢。A. brave勇敢的；B. scared害怕的；C. smart聪明的；D. anxious焦虑的。由but可知，前后是转折关系，作者在小时候骑自行车时，一直会摔下去，但是作者依旧很勇敢，故选A。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的视力变差了，我甚至撞上了路标。A. memory记忆力；B. strength力气；C. situation情况；D. eyesight视力。由下文“and I even ran into a sign.”可知，爸爸说自己视力不好了，有时候甚至撞上路标。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾，那是我和我爸爸最后一次开车了。A. Helplessly无助地；B. Sadly伤心地；令人遗憾地；C. Frankly坦诚地；D. Obviously显然，明显地。由下文“that was the last drive I had with my dad”可知，那是作者和爸爸最后一次开车，所以说很遗憾，故选B。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是他的血压问题，是癌症让他只有几个月的生命。A. pressure压力；B. headache头疼；C. cancer癌症；D. coughing咳嗽。由下文“that had given him only a few months to live.”可知，作者爸爸身患癌症，所以只有几个月的生命。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我从没放弃过开车。A. carried on继续进行；B. thought of想起；C. took up占据；D. gave up放弃。由下文“Every time I get behind the wheel”可知，作者没有放弃开车，故选D。 第三部分 知识基础 (共四节, 满分40分) 第一节 词义匹配 (共 15 小题: 每小题1分, 满分 15分) 第一组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____41____ desire ____42____ scare ____43____ capital ____44____ select ____45____ decorate A. to frighten sb. B. to say what sb. /sth. is like C. the person in charge of a ship D. a strong wish to have or do sth. E. the most important town or city of a country F. to choose sb. /sth. from a group of people or things G. to make sth. look more attractive by putting things on it 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. E 44. F 45. G 【解析】 【41题详解】 名词desire意为“渴望、愿望”，与D项“a strong wish to have or do sth.(想要拥有或做某事的强烈愿望)”意思相近。 【42题详解】 动词scare意为“使害怕、惊吓”，与A项“to frighten sb.(使某人害怕)”意思相近。 【43题详解】 名词capital意为“首都”，与E项“the most important town or city of a country (一个国家最重要的城镇或城市)”意思相近。 【44题详解】 动词select意为“挑选、选择”，与F项“to choose sb. /sth. from a group of people or things (从一群人或事物中挑选某人或某物)”意思相近。 【45题详解】 动词decorate意为“装饰、装潢”，与G项“to make sth. look more attractive by putting things on it (通过摆放物品使某物看起来更美观)”意思相近。 第二组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____46____ relief ____47____ earn ____48____ passion ____49____ resource ____50____ appreciate A. to win sth. you need B. something that you believe C. a very strong feeling of liking sth. D. to recognize the good qualities of sb. or sth. E. a place, person or thing that you get sth. from F. the act of removing or reducing pain, anxiety, etc. G. a supply of something such as money, materials, etc. 【答案】46. F 47. A 48. C 49. G 50. D 【解析】 【46题详解】 名词relief意为“宽慰、减轻”，与F项“the act of removing or reducing pain, anxiety, etc.(消除或减轻痛苦、焦虑等的行为)”意思相近。 【47题详解】 动词earn意为“挣得、赢得”，与 A项“to win sth. you need (获得你需要的东西)”意思相近。 【48题详解】 名词passion意为“热爱、激情”，与C项“a very strong feeling of liking sth.(非常喜欢某物的强烈情感)”意思相近。 【49题详解】 名词resource意为“资源”，与G项“a supply of something such as money, materials, etc.(资金、材料等物资的储备)”意思相近。 【50题详解】 动词appreciate意为“欣赏、赏识”，与D项“to recognize the good qualities of sb. or sth.(认可某人或某物的优良品质)”意思相近。 第三组 匹配单词及其英文解释。 ____51____ cheer ____52____ complete ____53____ struggle ____54____ eager ____55____ represent A. to stand for B. to finish doing sth. C. to take part in a contest or game D. wanting to do or have sth. very much E. to try very hard to do sth. when it is difficult F. to show or describe sth. /sb. in a particular way G. to shout loudly, to show support or praise for sb. 【答案】51. G 52. B 53. E 54. D 55. A 【解析】 【51题详解】 动词cheer意为“欢呼”，与G项“to shout loudly, to show support or praise for sb.(大声呼喊，以此表达对某人的支持或赞美)” 意思相近。 【52题详解】 动词complete意为“完成”，与B项“to finish doing sth.(完成做某事)”意思相近。 【53题详解】 动词struggle意为“奋斗、艰难行进”，与E项“to try very hard to do sth. when it is difficult (在困难时努力做某事)”意思相近。故选 E。 【54题详解】 形容词eager意为“渴望的”，与D项“wanting to do or have sth. very much (非常想要做某事或拥有某物)”意思相近。 【55题详解】 动词represent意为“代表”，与A项“to stand for (代表、象征)”意思相近。 第二节 语音知识 (共5 小题; 每小题1分, 满分 5分) 请选择单词与音标匹配正确的选项。 56. A. bite /bɪt/ B. honesty /’hɒnəsti/ C. admirable /æd’mərəb(ə)l/ D. bravery /’breɪvəri/ 57. A. courage /’kʌreɪdʒ/ B. severe /sɪ’vɪə(r)/ C. organise /ɔ:gə’naɪz/ D. apply /ə’plɪ/ 58. A. tough /taʊf/ B. doubt /daʊt/ C. compose /’kəmpəʊz/ D. recipe /’resəp/ 59. A. adapt /ə’deɪpt/ B. various /’vaɪriəs/ C. crowd /kraʊd/ D. graduation /græʒu’eɪʃ(ə)n/ 60. A. specific /spe’sɪfɪk/ B. muscle /’mʌsk(ə)l/ C. immediately /ɪ’mi:diətli/ D. sweat /swi:t/ 【答案】56. D 57. B 58. B 59. C 60. C 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查语音知识。A. bite的音标应为/baɪt/；B. honesty的h不发音，音标应为/’ɒnəsti/；C. admirable的重音在第一音节，音标应为/’ædmərəbl/；D. bravery的音标为/’breɪvəri/，与选项完全匹配。 【57题详解】 考查语音知识。A. courage的音标应为/’kʌrɪdʒ/；B. severe的音标为/sɪ’vɪə(r)/，与选项匹配；C. organise的重音在第一音节，音标应为/’ɔːɡənaɪz/；D. apply的音标应为/ə’plaɪ/。 【58题详解】 考查语音知识。A. tough的音标应为/tʌf/；B. doubt的音标为/daʊt/，与选项完全匹配；C. compose的重音在第二音节，音标应为/kəm’pəʊz/；D. recipe的音标应为/’resəpi/。 【59题详解】 考查语音知识。A. adapt的音标应为/ə’dæpt/；B. various的音标应为/’veəriəs/；C. crowd的音标为/kraʊd/，与选项完全匹配；D. graduation的音标应为/,ɡrædʒu’eɪʃn/。 【60题详解】 考查语音知识。A. specific的音标应为/spə’sɪfɪk/；B. muscle中的c不发音，音标应为/’mʌsl/；C. immediately的音标为/ɪ’mi:diətli/，与选项匹配；D. sweat的音标应为/swet/。 第三节 (共 5 小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 看音标写单词 61. /sə’vaɪv/__________________ 62. /ə’bɪləti/__________________ 63. /rɪ’kʌvə (r)/ __________________ 64. /smaɪl/__________________ 65. /pə’fɔ:m/__________________ 【答案】61. survive 62. ability 63. recover 64. smile 65. perform 【解析】 【61题详解】 考查词汇拼写及动词词性。根据音标/sə’vaɪv/的发音规则，对应的单词为survive。中文释义：生存，存活。该词为动词。 【62题详解】 考查词汇拼写及名词词性。根据音标/ə’bɪləti/的发音规则，对应的单词为ability。中文释义：能力。该词为名词。 【63题详解】 考查词汇拼写及动词词性。根据音标/rɪ’kʌvə (r)/的发音规则，对应的单词为recover。中文释义：恢复，康复。该词为动词语。 【64题详解】 考查词汇拼写及动词/名词词性。根据音标/smaɪl/的发音规则，对应的单词为smile。中文释义：微笑。该词可作动词或名词。 【65题详解】 考查词汇拼写及动词词性。根据音标/pə’fɔ:m/的发音规则，对应的单词为perform。中文释义：表演，执行。该词为动词。 第四节 单句语法填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 根据下列各句句意, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked ________(go) and got more fish than others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】going 【解析】 【详解】句意：有一天，我和我的两个兄弟正从一座小岛返回，我们常常冒险前往那座小岛，并且在那里捕到比别人更多的鱼。risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”是固定搭配，动名词作宾语，因此go变成动名词going。 67. In December, our great________(excite) grew each day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】excitement 【解析】 【详解】句意：十二月里，我们心中强烈的激动之情与日俱增。空格前有形容词性物主代词our great，后面需要填入名词作句子主语。动词 excite的名词形式为excitement，意为“兴奋、激动”，是不可数名词。 68. ________ makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：它引人注目的地方在于它展示了一个带着恐惧表情的瘦弱的身影。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 69. You can give a brief ________ (respond) to a message with an emoji or a picture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】response 【解析】 【详解】句意：你可以用一个表情符号或一张图片来对一条消息做出简短回复。空前有不定冠词a和形容词brief修饰，空格需要填单数名词；respond的名词形式为response，意为 “回复、回应”。 70. After hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually ________ (come) across a promising chemical. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】came 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种有前景的化学物质。根据“After hundreds of failed experiments”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。动词短语come across意为“偶然发现”。 71. Face-to-face communication is the best way________ (maintain) healthy friendship. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to maintain 【解析】 【详解】句意：面对面交流是维系健康友谊最好的方式。此处为固定结构：the best way to do sth.，意为“做某事最好的方式”，不定式作后置定语修饰way。 72. I think our climate is ________ (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】definitely 【解析】 【详解】句意：我认为我们的气候确实在发生变化，温室效应也相当明显。此处修饰动词changing应用副词definitely表示“确实”作状语。 73. Christopher Reeve soon gained a reputation________ raising awareness for good causes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】句意：克里斯托弗・里夫很快因推动公益事业的宣传而声名远扬。此处为固定搭配gain a reputation for (doing) sth“因（做）某事而获得名声、以……闻名”。 74. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars ________ (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would have 【解析】 【详解】句意：然而，极少有人知道未来的虚拟形象会拥有如此多种多样的形态与用途。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，从句表示站在过去看将会发生的动作，应用过去将来时would do。 75. We've offered her the job, but I don't know ________ she'll accept it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether##if 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们已向她提供了那份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。分析句子可知，空处在并列句中引导宾语从句，做know的宾语；根据句意可知，空处意为“是否”，应填whether或者if。故填whether/if。 76. We rested for ________ while and then moved on to the next camp. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们休息了一会儿，然后动身前往下一处营地。for a while“一会儿，片刻”是固定搭配。 77. The film ________ (translate) into several foreign languages up till now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been translated 【解析】 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这部电影已经被翻译成了多种外语。主语film和translate是被动关系，结合时间状语up till now可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 78. It would be ____________ (stress) to work with people who hates making mistakes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stressful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：和讨厌犯错的人一起工作会很有压力。“It would be + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。设空处需填形容词作表语；stress用作名词 ，表“压力”，其形容词形式stressful表示“有压力的”，符合句意。故填stressful。 79. Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, ________ made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：博格斯只有 1.6 米高，这让他成为了 NBA 历史上最矮的球员。空处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，关系代词为which。故填which。 80. According to a recent study, runners live three years________ (long) than non-runners. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】longer 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据一项近期研究，跑步者比不跑步的人平均多活三年。根据后文than可知，此处应用副词long的比较级longer。 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 句子翻译 (共5小题; 每小题3分, 满分15分) 把下面句子翻译成英文。 81. 我仍然能清楚地记得奶奶和我们一起度过的那个难忘的圣诞节。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I can still clearly remember that unforgettable Christmas Granny spent with us. 【解析】 【详解】表示“能够”为情态动词can；表示“仍然”为副词still；表示“清楚地”为副词clearly；表示“记得”为动词remember；表示“那个难忘的圣诞节”应为名词短语that unforgettable Christmas；后接省略关系代词that引导的定语从句，对先行词Christmas的修饰，在定语从句中，表示“奶奶和我们一起度过的”可译为Granny spend with us；先行词the unforgettable Christmas指物，在从句中作spent的宾语，从句为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。 82. 每年我一上火车，就会被山西口音包围。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Every year, the moment I get/got on the train, I am/was surrounded by Shanxi accents. 【解析】 【详解】表示“每年”译为every year；表示“一……就……”译为the moment，引导时间状语从句，主语为I；表示“上火车”译为get on the train；主句主语为I；表示“被……包围”短语为be surrounded by；表示“山西口音”为Shanxi accents。可陈述事实用一般现在时或动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。 83. 突然，天空乌云密布，不到一分钟我们就遇上了可怕的暴风雨。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were caught in a terrible storm. 【解析】 【详解】句子描述的是过去发生的事件，使用一般过去时；“突然”可表达为all at once，在句中作状语；“乌云密布”常用表达为be covered with dark clouds，主语the sky为单数，结合时态为一般过去时，be动词用was；“不到一分钟”表达为介词短语in less than a minute；“遇上（暴风雨等意外恶劣状况）”用固定搭配be caught in，主语we为复数，结合时态为一般过去时，be动词用were；“可怕的暴风雨”用名词短语a terrible storm，作介词in的宾语；两个分句是顺承关系，用and连接。 84. 工作了一整天后，张天终于回到了他的小房间，感觉累极了。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After a whole/long day’s work, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling tired. 【解析】 【详解】“工作了一整天后”用after a whole/long day’s work；表示“张天”用Zhang Tian，作主语；“回到了他的小房间”用get back to his small room，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式get；“感觉累极了”用feel tired，与主语Zhang Tian为主动关系，用现在分词短语，作伴随状语。 85. 我正走在乡间的小路上，突然一头牛冲了出来。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was walking down/on a country road when a cow/a bull/an ox rushed out. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为主语+was/were doing sth when+一般过去时的固定句型，意为“正在做某事时突然发生另一件事”；表示“正走在乡间小路上”是过去正在进行的持续性动作，用过去进行时was walking down/on a country road；表示“冲出来”是过去突然发生的短暂动作，用一般过去时rushed out，符合动作的时间逻辑；表示“一头牛”为名词a cow/a bull/an ox。 第二节 书面表达 (满分 15分) 86. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom最近沉迷于网络，感觉不知如何与身边的同学相处，写信向你求助。请你给他写一封回信，为他提供一些建议。内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 提出建议。 注意: 1. 词数80字左右； 2. 可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you’re upset about your trouble with classmates because of too much screen time. Don’t worry, I have some practical advice for you. First, cut down your online time and spare more time for offline activities. You can join group sports or school clubs to meet peers with the same hobbies. Besides, take the initiative to chat with your classmates about daily small things, which will shorten your distance quickly. It takes time to build friendships. Just cheer up and make a change! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于英国笔友Tom最近沉迷于网络，感觉不知如何与身边的同学相处的情况，给他写一封回信，为他提供一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不安的：upset→ restless 建议：advice→ proposal 缩减：cut down→ reduce 建立：build→ establish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：You can join group sports or school clubs to meet peers with the same hobbies. 拓展句：You can join group sports or school clubs where you can meet peers with the same hobbies. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear you’re upset about your trouble with classmates because of too much screen time.（运用了省略从属连词that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Besides, take the initiative to chat with your classmates about daily small things, which will shorten your distance quickly.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $