专题07 名词性从句和定语从句（5年汇编）（全国通用）2022-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 汇编2022-2026年高考英语名词性从句与定语从句真题，覆盖that/what、if/whether等高频考点，结合五年考情与命题趋势，真题实例丰富且针对性强。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|23题|名词性从句（that/what区别：2025北京卷等；if/whether：2022浙江卷）；定语从句（that/which：2026全国一卷等；“介词+关系代词”：2026全国二卷）|真题导向，整合五年考情分析；突出高频难点（如that/what区别）；提供解题方法（括号法）|

专题07 名词性从句和定语从句 第一部分名词性从句 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查名词性从句 that和what的用法 （5年3考） 2025北京卷---what； 2024新课标I卷—what； 2024浙江1月卷--what； 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 4.遇到名词性从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用名词性从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 考点2考查名词性从句 if和whether的用法 （5年1考） 2022浙江1月卷--if/whether。 考点3考查名词性从句 who, whoever, why, where, how的用法 （5年2考） 2023新课标II卷—why； 2022新课标II卷—how； 考点01 考查名词性从句that和what的用法 1.（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 1. what 解析：考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料——这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 2.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. 2. what 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 3. what 解析：考查表语从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 考点02 考查名词性从句if和whether的用法 1.（2022年浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 2. if/whether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 考点03 考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法 1.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 1. why 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 2.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.” 2. how 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 第二部分 定语从句 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查定语从句 关系代词that, which的用法 （5年10考） 2026全国一卷---that/which； 2026浙江1月卷---that/which； 2025全国一卷---which； 2025浙江1月卷---which； 2025北京卷---which； 2024新课标I卷—which/that； 2024全国甲卷--which; 2024浙江1月卷—which/that; 2023全国乙卷-- which/that； 2022新课标I卷—that； 1. 考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2. 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法及区别。 3.考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法区别。 4. 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法，尤其是关系代词which和whom的选择。 5.遇到定语从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 考点2考查定语从句 关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法 （5年5考） 2024新课标II卷--who; 2023全国甲卷--as; 2023全国乙卷—whose; 2022浙江1月卷—who/that; 2022全国甲卷—who。 考点3考查定语从句 关系副词when, where, why的用法 （5年2考） 2025全国二卷---where； 2023全国甲卷--where; 考点4考查定语从句 “介词+关系代词”的用法 （5年1考） 2026全国二卷---which； 考点01考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 2.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 3.（2025全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 3.which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4.（2025浙江1月卷）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 4. which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词clothing，并在从句中作package和offer的宾语，故填which。 5.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 5. which 解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 6.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 6. which/that 考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 7.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 7. which 考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 8.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. 8. that/which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 9.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 9. which/that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 10.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 10. that 解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 考点02 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法 1.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 1. who 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 2. as 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 3.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 3. whose 解析：考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 4.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 4. that/who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 5.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 5. who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 考点03 考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法 1.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 1. where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 2. where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 考点04 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法 1.（2026年全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 名词性从句和定语从句 第一部分名词性从句 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查名词性从句 that和what的用法 （5年3考） 2025北京卷---what； 2024新课标I卷—what； 2024浙江1月卷--what； 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 4.遇到名词性从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用名词性从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 考点2考查名词性从句 if和whether的用法 （5年1考） 2022浙江1月卷--if/whether。 考点3考查名词性从句 who, whoever, why, where, how的用法 （5年2考） 2023新课标II卷—why； 2022新课标II卷—how； 考点01 考查名词性从句that和what的用法 1.（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 2.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 考点02 考查名词性从句if和whether的用法 1.（2022年浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 考点03 考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法 1.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 2.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.” 第二部分 定语从句 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查定语从句 关系代词that, which的用法 （5年10考） 2026全国一卷---that/which； 2026浙江1月卷---that/which； 2025全国一卷---which； 2025浙江1月卷---which； 2025北京卷---which； 2024新课标I卷—which/that； 2024全国甲卷--which; 2024浙江1月卷—which/that; 2023全国乙卷-- which/that； 2022新课标I卷—that； 1. 考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2. 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法及区别。 3.考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法区别。 4. 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法，尤其是关系代词which和whom的选择。 5.遇到定语从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 考点2考查定语从句 关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法 （5年5考） 2024新课标II卷--who; 2023全国甲卷--as; 2023全国乙卷—whose; 2022浙江1月卷—who/that; 2022全国甲卷—who。 考点3考查定语从句 关系副词when, where, why的用法 （5年2考） 2025全国二卷---where； 2023全国甲卷--where; 考点4考查定语从句 “介词+关系代词”的用法 （5年1考） 2026全国二卷---which； 考点01考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 3.（2025全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 4.（2025浙江1月卷）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 5.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 6.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 7.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 8.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. 9.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 10.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 考点02 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法 1.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 2.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 3.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 4. （2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel 5.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 考点03 考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法 1.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点04 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法 1.（2026年全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 名词性从句和定语从句 参考答案 第一部分 名词性从句 考点01 that / what 1. 2025北京卷：what 2. 2024新课标I卷：what 3. 2024浙江1月卷：what 考点02 if / whether 1. 2022浙江1月卷：if/whether 考点03 who/whoever/why/where/how 1. 2023新课标II卷：why 2. 2022新课标II卷：how 第二部分 定语从句 考点01 that / which 1. 2026全国一卷：that/which 2. 2026浙江1月卷：that/which 3. 2025全国一卷：which 4. 2025浙江1月卷：which 5. 2025北京卷：which 6. 2024新课标I卷：which/that 7. 2024全国甲卷：which 8. 2024浙江1月卷：that/which 9. 2023全国乙卷：which/that 10. 2022新课标I卷：that 考点02 who/whom/whose/as 1. 2024新课标II卷：who 2. 2023全国甲卷：as 3. 2023全国乙卷：whose 4. 2022浙江1月卷：who/that 5. 2022全国甲卷：who 考点03 when/where/why 1. 2025全国二卷：where 2. 2023全国甲卷：where 考点04 介词+关系代词 1. 2026全国二卷：which 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $