专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（5年汇编）（全国通用）2022-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 高考英语动词时态、语态及主谓一致专题真题汇编，涵盖2022-2026年全国及地方卷典型试题，结合五年考情分析与命题趋势，针对性强。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|多题量|动词时态（一般过去时、现在完成时等）、语态（被动语态）、主谓一致（语法一致）|精选近五年高考真题，突出时间状语提示、固定句型、主从复合句时态呼应等高频考点，贴合真题命题趋势|

专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 参考答案 第一部分 动词的时态、语态 考点01 有明确时间状语提示 1. 2026全国一卷：were 2. 2025北京卷：had made 3. 2025北京卷：are achieved 4. 2024九省联考卷：were used 5. 2024浙江1月卷：have started 6. 2023北京卷：has established 7. 2025全国一卷：are revealed 8. 2022北京卷：has increased 9. 2022新课标I卷：were 10. 2022全国甲卷：has walked 11. 2022浙江1月卷：have promised 12. 2022北京卷：has increased 考点02 固定句型暗示时态 1. 2022新课标II卷：was fixing 2. 2022北京卷：caught 考点03 主从复合句时态呼应 1. 2024新课标II卷：were 2. 2024新课标II卷：was built 3. 2024全国甲卷：were 4. 2023新课标II卷：wished 5. 2023全国乙卷：was amazed 6. 2023北京卷：threw 7. 2023北京卷：had arrived 考点04 依据全文语境判断时态语态 1. 2026全国一卷：to be held 2. 2026浙江1月卷：being pushed 3. 2025浙江1月卷：is 4. 2024新课标I卷：walks 5. 2022浙江卷：noticed 6. 2022北京卷：has 7. 2022新课标I卷：is designed 考点05 情态动词被动语态 1. 2025八省联考卷：be treated 2. 2024全国甲卷：be done 3. 2024浙江1月卷：be offered 4. 2023全国甲卷：be employed 5. 2022浙江卷：be appreciated 第二部分 主谓一致（语法一致） 1. 2026全国二卷：am supposed 2. 2025全国一卷：tries 3. 2025全国二卷：is 4. 2024新课标I卷：walks 5. 2024新课标II卷：were 6. 2024新课标II卷：was built 7. 2024全国甲卷：were 8. 2024九省联考卷：were used 9. 2024浙江1月卷：have started 10. 2023北京卷：has established 11. 2023北京卷：had arrived 12. 2023全国乙卷：was amazed 13. 2022北京卷：has increased 14. 2022新课标I卷：were 15. 2022全国甲卷：has walked 16. 2022浙江1月卷：have promised 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 第一部分 动词的时态、语态 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示 （5年10考） 2026全国一卷--- were； 2025全国一卷--- are revealed； 2025北京卷---had made； 2025北京卷---are achieved； 2024九省联考卷—were used； 2024浙江1月卷—have started； 2023北京卷—has established； 2022北京卷—has been； 2022新课标I卷—were； 2022全国甲卷—has walked； 1.考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示，尤其要掌握一般过去时，现在完成时的时间状语标志。 2.考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示，如It is the first time that…等。 3.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 4.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 5.考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。 考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示 （5年2考） 2022新课标II卷—was fixing； 2022北京卷-caught； 考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应 （5年7考） 2024新课标II卷—were； 2024新课标II卷—was built 2024全国甲卷—were; 2023新课标II卷—wished; 2023全国乙卷--was amazed; 2023北京卷—threw; 2023北京卷—had arrived； 考点4考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态 （5年7考） 2026全国一卷---to be held； 2026浙江1月卷---being pushed； 2025浙江1月卷---is； 2024新课标I卷—walks； 2022浙江卷—noticed； 2022北京卷—has； 2022新课标I卷—is designed； 考点5考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法 （5年5考） 2025八省联考卷---be treated 2024全国甲卷—should be done； 2024浙江1月卷—could be offered； 2023全国甲卷—can be employed； 2022浙江卷—can be appreciated。 考点01考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。 1.（2026年全国一卷）As transportation and communication ____59____ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. 2.（2025北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 4. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 6.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 7. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 8.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 9.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 10.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 11.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 考点02考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。 1.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 2.（2022北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 考点03考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 1.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 2.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 3.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 4.（2023新课标II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 5.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 6.（2023北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time. 7.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 考点04 考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 2.（2026年浙江1月）My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____42____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 3.（2025浙江1月卷）The concept 62 (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 4.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 5.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. 6.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 7.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 考点05考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形 1.（2025八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 (treat) equally. 2.（2024全国甲卷）What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. 4.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 5.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 第二部分 主谓一致 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考查语法一致 （谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致） 2026全国二卷---am supposed2025全国一卷---tries； 2025全国二卷---is； 2024新课标I卷--walks; 2024新课标II卷--were; 2024新课标II卷—was built; 2024全国甲卷--were; 2024九省联考卷—were used; 2024浙江1月卷—have started; 2023北京卷—has established; 2023北京卷—had arrived 2023全国乙卷—was amazed; 2022北京卷—has increased; 2022新课标I卷—were; 2022全国甲卷—has walked; 2022浙江1月卷—have promised 1. 考查语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）用法。 2.考查意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）用法。 3.考查就近一致（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）的用法。 1.（2026年全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I ____60____ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 2. (2025全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 3.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 4.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 5.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 6.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 8.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 9.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 10.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 11.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 13.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 14.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 15. (2025全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them. 16.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 第一部分 动词的时态、语态 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示 （5年10考） 2026全国一卷--- were； 2025全国一卷--- are revealed； 2025北京卷---had made； 2025北京卷--- are achieved； 2024九省联考卷—were used； 2024浙江1月卷—have started； 2023北京卷—has established； 2022北京卷—has been； 2022新课标I卷—were； 2022全国甲卷—has walked； 1.考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示，尤其要掌握一般过去时，现在完成时的时间状语标志。 2.考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示，如It is the first time that…等。 3.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 4.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 5.考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。 考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示 （5年2考） 2022新课标II卷—was fixing； 2022北京卷-caught； 考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应 （5年7考） 2024新课标II卷—were； 2024新课标II卷—was built 2024全国甲卷—were; 2023新课标II卷—wished; 2023全国乙卷--was amazed; 2023北京卷—threw; 2023北京卷—had arrived； 考点4考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态 （5年7考） 2026全国一卷---to be held； 2026浙江1月卷---being pushed； 2025浙江1月卷---is； 2024新课标I卷—walks； 2022浙江卷—noticed； 2022北京卷—has； 2022新课标I卷—is designed； 考点5考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法 （5年5考） 2025八省联考卷---be treated 2024全国甲卷—should be done； 2024浙江1月卷—could be offered； 2023全国甲卷—can be employed； 2022浙江卷—can be appreciated。 考点01考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。 1.（2026年全国一卷）As transportation and communication ____59____ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. 【59题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“at that time”表明用一般过去时态，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 2.（2025北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. 2. had made 解析：考查动词时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3. are achieved 解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 4. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 4. were used 解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 5. have started 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 6.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 6. has established 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 7. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 7. are revealed 解析：考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 8.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 8. has increased 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 9.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 9.were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 10.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 10. has walked 解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 11.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 11. have promised 解析：考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 12. has increased 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 考点02考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。 1.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 1. was fixing 解析：句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，这是“was/were doing…when…”句型，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 2.（2022北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 2. caught 解析：考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意，这是“A and B”型并列句。空白处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 考点03考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 1.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 1. were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 2.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 2. was built 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 3.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 3. were 解析：考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 4.（2023新课标II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 4. wished 解析：考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 5.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 5. was amazed 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 6.（2023北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time. 6. threw 解析：考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 7.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 7. had arrived 解析：考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 考点04 考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2.（2026年浙江1月）My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____42____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 3.（2025浙江1月卷）The concept 62 (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 3. is 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由but后的并列分句可知，本句描述的是现在的情况，且主语The concept为单数，故填is。 4.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 4. walks 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 5.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. 5. noticed 解析：考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多•达•芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 6.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 6. has 解析：考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 7.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 7. is designed 解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 考点05考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形 1.（2025八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 (treat) equally. 1. be treated 解析：考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 2.（2024全国甲卷）What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 2. be done 解析：考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. 3. be offered 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 4.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 4. be employed 解析：考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 5.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 5. be appreciated 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 第二部分 主谓一致 考点 五年考情（2022-2026） 命题趋势 考查语法一致 （谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致） （5年16考） 2026全国二卷---am supposed 2025全国一卷---tries； 2025全国二卷---is； 2024新课标I卷--walks; 2024新课标II卷--were; 2024新课标II卷—was built; 2024全国甲卷--were; 2024九省联考卷—were used; 2024浙江1月卷—have started; 2023北京卷—has established; 2023北京卷—had arrived 2023全国乙卷—was amazed; 2022北京卷—has increased; 2022新课标I卷—were; 2022全国甲卷—has walked; 2022浙江1月卷—have promised 1. 考查语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）用法。 2.考查意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）用法。 3.考查就近一致（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）的用法。 1.（2026年全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I ____60____ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 答案：am supposed 【60题详解】 考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 2. (2025全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 2. tries 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 3.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 3. walks 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 4.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 4. were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 5.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 5. was built 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 6.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 6. were 解析：考查动词时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 7. were used 解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 8.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 8. have started 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 9.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 9. has established 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 10.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 10. was amazed 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 11.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 11. had arrived 解析：考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 12. has increased 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 13.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 13. were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 14.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 14. has walked 解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 15. (2025全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them. 15. is 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 16.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 16. have promised 解析：考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $