第01讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第01讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 掌握休闲爱好词汇、to do不定式基础用法 2. 能用英语谈论课余爱好，说明放松的目的 3. 学会读写介绍爱好的简短文章 4. 懂得劳逸结合，培养健康休闲观念 学习重点 1. 词汇：休闲活动词 2. 句型：询问爱好、用to do表目的 3. 语法：动词不定式作目的状语、宾补 4. 技能：采访对话；写介绍爱好的短文 学习难点 1. 分清不定式不同用法，辨别省to动词 2. 写作中熟练使用不定式表达目的 3. 完整有条理地口头介绍个人爱好 1. strange adj. 特定的；特别的；挑剔的 【词形转换】 stranger n. 陌生人 strangely adv. 奇怪地；陌生地 【详解】 (1) be strange to sb. 对某人来说很陌生 (2) It’s strange that... ……很奇怪 (3) strangely enough 说来也奇怪 【写作佳句】 Strangely enough, the stranger didn’t feel strange to me at all. 说来也奇怪，这个陌生人对我来说一点也不陌生。 【典例】 ______ (说来也奇怪), I found my lost key in the old box. 【答案】Strangely enough 【即练1】 ① The new school is ______ (对我来说很陌生) at first. 【即练2】 ② ______ (很奇怪) he didn’t recognize his best friend. 【即练3】 ③ The cat looked at me ______ (奇怪地). 【答案】① strange to me ② It’s strange that ③ strangely 2. vacation n. 假期；休假 【词形转换】 vacationer n. 度假者 【详解】 (1) on vacation 在度假 (2) take a vacation 去度假 (3) summer vacation 暑假 【写作佳句】 Many vacationers choose to take a vacation to the countryside during summer vacation. 很多度假者选择在暑假去乡村度假。 【典例】 My family is ______ (在度假) in Hainan now. 【答案】on vacation 【即练1】 ① We plan to ______ (去度假) to the mountains next month. 【即练2】 ② The ______ (度假者) enjoyed the beach and sunshine. 【即练3】 ③ What did you do during your ______ (暑假)? 【答案】① take a vacation ② vacationer ③ summer vacation 3. breath n. 呼吸 【词形转换】 breathe v. 呼吸 breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 【详解】 (1) take a deep breath 深呼吸 (2) hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 (3) out of breath 上气不接下气 【写作佳句】 I was out of breath after running, so I stopped to take a deep breath. 跑完步我上气不接下气，所以停下来做了个深呼吸。 【典例】 Please ______ (深呼吸) before you speak in front of the class. 【答案】take a deep breath 【即练1】 ① He ran to the classroom and was ______ (上气不接下气). 【即练2】 ② She ______ (屏住呼吸) when she watched the scary movie. 【即练3】 ③ It’s hard to ______ (呼吸) in this smoky room. 【答案】① out of breath ② held her breath ③ breathe 4. especially adv. 尤其；特别 【词形转换】 especial adj. 特别的；格外的 【详解】 (1) especially 用于强调某一事物比其他更突出 (2) especial 修饰名词，意为“特别的” 【写作佳句】 I love all kinds of sports, especially swimming, which is my especial favorite. 我喜欢各种运动，尤其是游泳，它是我特别偏爱的。 【典例】 The town is beautiful, ______ (尤其) in spring. 【答案】especially 【即练1】 ① I like all subjects, ______ (尤其) English. 【即练2】 ② This is my ______ (特别的) gift for you. 【即练3】 ③ It’s cold here, ______ (尤其) at night. 【答案】① especially ② especial ③ especially 5. anywhere adv. 任何地方 【词形转换】 somewhere adv. 某地（肯定句） everywhere adv. 到处 【详解】 (1) anywhere 常用于否定句、疑问句 (2) not...anywhere = nowhere 哪里都不 【写作佳句】 I didn’t go anywhere yesterday, so I stayed at home and read everywhere in my room. 我昨天哪里都没去，所以待在家里，在房间里到处看书。 【典例】 Did you go ______ (任何地方) interesting on your holiday? 【答案】anywhere 【即练1】 ① I can’t find my keys ______ (任何地方). 【即练2】 ② I want to go ______ (某个地方) quiet this weekend. 【即练3】 ③ There are flowers ______ (到处) in the park. 【答案】① anywhere ② somewhere ③ everywhere 6. nothing pron. 没有什么；没有东西 【词形转换】 nothingness n. 虚无（了解即可） 【详解】 (1) have nothing to do with 与……无关 (2) nothing serious 没什么严重的 【写作佳句】 There is nothing serious with your problem, and it has nothing to do with your study. 你的问题没什么严重的，而且和你的学习无关。 【典例】 I have ______ (没什么) to do this weekend. 【答案】nothing 【即练1】 ① There is ______ (没什么严重的) wrong with my bike. 【即练2】 ② This matter ______ (与……无关) you. 【即练3】 ③ He said ______ (什么也没说) about the plan. 【答案】① nothing serious ② has nothing to do with ③ nothing 7. comfortable adj. 舒适的；舒服的 【词形转换】 comfortably adv. 舒适地 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 【详解】 (1) feel comfortable 感到舒服 (2) make sb. feel comfortable 让某人感到舒服 【写作佳句】 The comfortable sofa makes me feel comfortable, and I can sit there comfortably for hours. 这个舒服的沙发让我觉得很惬意，我可以舒适地坐在那里好几个小时。 【典例】 The bed is ______ (更舒适的) than the old one. 【答案】more comfortable 【即练1】 ① I ______ (感到舒服) in this new sweater. 【即练2】 ② The hard chair is ______ (不舒服的) to sit on. 【即练3】 ③ She slept ______ (舒适地) in the big bed. 【答案】① feel comfortable ② uncomfortable ③ comfortably 8. ready adj. 准备好的 【词形转换】 readily adv. 乐意地；容易地 【详解】 (1) be ready for 为……做准备 (2) be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 【写作佳句】 I am ready for the exam, and I am ready to answer all the questions readily. 我为考试做好了准备，也乐意回答所有问题。 【典例】 Are you ______ (准备好) the coming sports meeting? 【答案】ready for 【即练1】 ① She is ______ (准备好做) help others anytime. 【即练2】 ② We are ______ (为……做准备) the English party. 【即练3】 ③ He ______ (乐意地) agreed to help us. 【答案】① ready to ② ready for ③ readily 9. bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 【词形转换】 boring adj. 令人厌倦的（修饰事物） bore v. 使厌烦 【详解】 (1) be bored with 对……感到厌倦 (2) feel bored 感到无聊 【写作佳句】 I feel bored with the boring movie, and it bores me a lot. 我对这部无聊的电影感到厌倦，它让我很厌烦。 【典例】 He is ______ (对……感到厌倦) his homework. 【答案】bored with 【即练1】 ① The book is very ______ (令人厌倦的). 【即练2】 ② I ______ (感到无聊) when I have nothing to do. 【即练3】 ③ The long speech ______ (使厌烦) all of us. 【答案】① boring ② feel bored ③ bored 10. towards prep. 朝；向；对于 【词形转换】 toward prep. （美式拼写，同towards） 【详解】 (1) walk towards 走向 (2) attitude towards 对……的态度 【写作佳句】 She walked towards the teacher and asked about her attitude towards the new rule. 她走向老师，询问她对新规则的态度。 【典例】 He has a friendly ______ (对……的态度) his classmates. 【答案】attitude towards 【即练1】 ① The dog ran ______ (朝) the door. 【即练2】 ② What’s your ______ (看法) this problem? 【即练3】 ③ They are moving ______ (向) the city center. 【答案】① towards ② attitude towards ③ towards 11. during prep. 在……期间 【详解】 (1) during the day 在白天 (2) during the summer 在夏天期间 【写作佳句】 During the summer vacation, I often read books during the day. 暑假期间，我经常在白天看书。 【典例】 I visited my grandparents ______ (在……期间) the winter holiday. 【答案】during 【即练1】 ① Don’t talk ______ (在……期间) class. 【即练2】 ② He fell asleep ______ (在……期间) the meeting. 【即练3】 ③ We went camping ______ (在……期间) the weekend. 【答案】① during ② during ③ during 12. fight v. & n. 打架；战斗 【词形转换】 fighter n. 战士；拳击手 fighting n. 战斗；打架 【详解】 (1) fight with sb. 和某人打架 (2) fight for 为……而战 (3) have a fight 打架 【写作佳句】 The fighter didn’t want to fight with others, but he would fight for his family. 这个战士不想和别人打架，但他会为家人而战。 【典例】 The two boys ______ (打架) yesterday. 【答案】had a fight 【即练1】 ① Don’t ______ (和……打架) your classmates at school. 【即练2】 ② We should ______ (为……而战) our dreams. 【即练3】 ③ The ______ (战士) won the game. 【答案】① fight with ② fight for ③ fighter 13. remind v. 提醒；使想起 【词形转换】 reminder n. 提醒物；提示 【详解】 (1) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 (2) remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 【写作佳句】 The reminder on the desk reminds me to call my mom, and it also reminds me of my childhood. 桌上的便签提醒我给妈妈打电话，也让我想起了我的童年。 【典例】 Please ______ (提醒我) call my mother later. 【答案】remind me to 【即练1】 ① This song ______ (使我想起) my hometown. 【即练2】 ② Remind him ______ (关窗户) before leaving. 【即练3】 ③ The calendar is a ______ (提醒物) for my exams. 【答案】① reminds me of ② to close the window ③ reminder 14. guide n. 导游；向导 v. 引导；指导 【词形转换】 guidance n. 指导；引导 【详解】 (1) tour guide 导游 (2) guide sb. to sp. 引导某人到某地 【写作佳句】 The tour guide guided us to the museum, and we got a lot of guidance from her. 导游带我们去了博物馆，我们从她那里得到了很多指导。 【典例】 She works as a ______ (导游) in the zoo. 【答案】tour guide 【即练1】 ① Can you ______ (带我去) the station? 【即练2】 ② The teacher gave us ______ (指导) on the project. 【即练3】 ③ The ______ (向导) showed us the way. 【答案】① guide me to ② guidance ③ guide 15. peace n. 和平；安宁 【词形转换】 peaceful adj. 和平的；安宁的 peacefully adv. 和平地；安静地 【详解】 (1) in peace 安静地；和平地 (2) world peace 世界和平 【写作佳句】 We all hope for world peace, and we want to live peacefully in a peaceful world. 我们都希望世界和平，也想在一个和平的世界里安静地生活。 【典例】 They live ______ (安静地) in the countryside. 【答案】in peace 【即练1】 ① The village is very ______ (安宁的) at night. 【即练2】 ② We should solve the problem ______ (和平地). 【即练3】 ③ ______ (世界和平) is our common wish. 【答案】① peaceful ② peacefully ③ World peace 16. forget v. 忘记；遗忘 【词形转换】 forgetful adj. 健忘的 forgettable adj. 容易被忘记的 【详解】 (1) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） (2) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） 【写作佳句】 The forgetful girl forgot to lock the door, and she even forgot meeting me before. 这个健忘的女孩忘了锁门，甚至忘了以前见过我。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (忘记带) your homework to school tomorrow. 【答案】forget to bring 【即练1】 ① I forgot ______ (寄信) yesterday.（信没寄） 【即练2】 ② He forgot ______ (见过) the movie star.（见过） 【即练3】 ③ My grandma is ______ (健忘的) these days. 【答案】① to post the letter ② meeting ③ forgetful 17. surprise n. 惊喜；惊讶 v. 使惊讶 【词形转换】 surprised adj. 感到惊讶的（修饰人） surprising adj. 令人惊讶的（修饰事物） 【详解】 (1) to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 (2) be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 【写作佳句】 To my surprise, the surprising news made everyone surprised. 令我惊讶的是，这个令人惊讶的消息让每个人都感到惊讶。 【典例】 ______ (令我惊讶的是), he passed the difficult exam. 【答案】To my surprise 【即练1】 ① I ______ (对……感到惊讶) the result. 【即练2】 ② The news is very ______ (令人惊讶的). 【即练3】 ③ She had a ______ (惊喜) party for her friend. 【答案】① am surprised at ② surprising ③ surprise 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．More ________ (important), we should always keep our promises. 【答案】importantly 【详解】句意：更重要的是，我们应该一直信守承诺。根据固定短语“more importantly”可知，此处需用副词形式，形容词important的副词形式为importantly，用来修饰整个句子，作状语。 2．He read about famous businessmen when he started as a ________ (program). 【答案】programmer 【详解】句意：他刚开始做程序员的时候，阅读了许多关于著名商人的故事。根据“read about famous businessmen when he started as a”以及提示词可知，此处指“他刚开始做程序员的时候”，programmer“程序员”，可数名词；不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数，故填programmer。 3．Lucy is an excellent girl. She has a special talent for ________ (write) beautiful poems. 【答案】writing 【详解】句意：露西是一名优秀的女孩，她在创作优美诗歌方面有独特天赋。 空处跟在介词for后面，介词后需接动名词形式，write的动名词为writing。 4．________ (surprise), even the youngest student in our class solved the difficult maths problem. 【答案】Surprisingly 【详解】句意：令人惊讶的是，就连我们班年纪最小的学生也解出了这道数学难题。 空处单独置于句首作状语，需用副词形式；surprise对应的副词Surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶地”，句首首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。 5．My mother gave me some good ________ (suggest) to improve my gardening skills. 【答案】suggestions 【详解】句意：妈妈给了我一些提高园艺技能的好建议。空格前的“some good”修饰名词，且“some”后接可数名词时，需使用复数形式suggestions。 6．He learns ________ (ski) to take part in the winter sports meeting. 【答案】to ski 【详解】句意：他为参加冬季运动会学习滑雪。learn to do sth.“学习做某事”，是固定搭配，用to ski。 7．My swimming ________ (instruct) taught me how to breathe correctly. 【答案】instructor 【详解】句意：我的游泳教练教我如何正确呼吸。此处需要用名词作主语，动词instruct的名词形式instructor意为“教练、指导者”，符合语境。 8．We need time ________ (relax) after work and study. 【答案】to relax 【详解】句意：工作和学习之后我们需要时间来放松。relax“放松”，此处是固定搭配“need time to do sth.”意为“需要时间做某事”，所以此处应该用动词不定式to relax。 9．As a ________ (teenage), I think it’s important to find a hobby in life. 【答案】teenager 【详解】句意：作为一个青少年，我认为找到一个生活中的爱好是很重要的。空前有不定冠词“a”，“a”后需接可数名词单数形式。括号内“teenage”为形容词，其对应的名词形式是“teenager”(青少年)，符合“a+可数名词单数”的语法结构。 10．________ (ski) without a guide can be dangerous because you may get lost or get hurt. 【答案】Skiing 【详解】句意：在没有向导带领的情况下滑雪可能很危险，因为你可能会迷路或者受伤。本句已有谓语can be，空格部分需要作整个句子的主语，提示词ski是动词，所以用其动名词skiing形式作主语，句首单词，首字母需要大写。 二、单词拼写 11．My mother ________ (允许) me to watch TV at weekends. 【答案】allows 【详解】句意：我妈妈允许我周末看电视。“允许”可译为allow，动词。句子描述一般情况，时态用一般现在时。主语My mother为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式allows。 12．They ________ (对付) with the problem easily last night. 【答案】dealt 【详解】句意：他们昨晚轻松地解决了这个问题。“对付，处理”对应的英文表达是deal with。根据句中的时间状语last night可知，该句时态为一般过去时，deal的过去式是dealt，所以横线处应填dealt。 13．You can only use black ________ (墨水) in the exam. 【答案】ink 【详解】句意：考试中你只能用黑色墨水。“墨水”ink，是不可数名词，用原形。 14．I love Liu Gongquan’s ________ (书法). 【答案】calligraphy 【详解】句意：我喜欢柳公权的书法。中文“书法”对应的英文单词是calligraphy。 15．You should have a rest. Don’t ________ (督促) yourself so hard. 【答案】push 【详解】句意：你应该休息一下。别这么拼命督促自己。句中“Don’t”后接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式，“督促”对应的英文单词是push。 16．Are you afraid to ________ (表演) in front of so many people? 【答案】perform 【详解】句意：你害怕在这么多人面前表演吗？根据“afraid to”提示，be afraid to do sth.“害怕做某事”，为形容词短语，动词不定式作原因状语，to后接动词原形。“表演”为动词perform。 17．My pen pal sent me a ________ (明信片) with a picture of the Eiffel Tower. 【答案】postcard 【详解】句意：我的笔友给我寄了一张带有埃菲尔铁塔图片的明信片。原句中关键词是“明信片”，其对应英文为“postcard”。空格前有不定冠词“a”修饰，故名词需用单数形式。 18．We hope students can get enough rest, _________ (减少) stress and better balance study and life. 【答案】reduce 【详解】句意：我们希望学生能够得到充足的休息，减少压力并且更好地平衡学习与生活。根据汉语提示可知，“减少”的英文为reduce，动词，情态动词can后接动词原形，因此填入reduce。 19．I found a small ________ (硬币) under the sofa. 【答案】coin 【详解】句意：我在沙发底下发现了一枚小硬币。“硬币”对应的英文是coin，是可数名词。a表示“一个”，后面接可数名词单数，所以横线处应填coin。 20．Please ________ (归还) my book to me after you finish reading it. 【答案】return 【详解】句意：你读完我的书后，请把书归还给我。句中“Please”是祈使句的标志，其后接动词原形，“归还”对应的英文动词是return，且固定搭配为return sth. to sb.“把某物归还给某人”，故填return。 三、完成句子 21．你应该学会放松自己，而不是一直工作。 You should learn to ________ ________ instead of working all the time. 【答案】 relax yourself 【详解】对比中英文句子可知，中文“放松自己”在英文句子中缺失，对应横线部分。“放松自己”对应的短语是relax oneself。主语是“You”，所以“自己”对应的反身代词是“yourself”。分析句子结构可知，“learn to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“学会做某事”，不定式后接动词原形。故答案为relax；yourself。 22．我爸爸喜欢在空闲时浏览杂志。 My father likes to ________ ________ magazines in his free time. 【答案】 look through 【详解】原句中“浏览”是关键词，常用动词短语look through表示。like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，所以空处应填动词原形。 23．每天在网上画画占用了我太多的时间。 Painting online every day ________ ________ too much of my time. 【答案】 takes up 【详解】原句中“占用”是关键词，“占用（时间）”对应的英文表达是“take up”。主语是“Painting online every day”（动名词短语作主语），视为第三人称单数，且句子描述的是每天的习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，所以动词take要用第三人称单数形式takes，故填 takes；up。 24．他不知道如何应对压力。 He doesn’t know how to ________ ________ stress. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中“应对”是关键词，表示“应对、处理”的常用短语是deal with和do with。本句为“how to”引导的不定式结构，后接动词原形；根据固定搭配用法，deal with常与how搭配使用，符合本句结构。 25．她辅导我做了作业，作为回报，我给她买了一杯咖啡。 She helped me with my homework, and I bought her a coffee ________ ________. 【答案】 in return 【详解】原句中“作为回报”是关键词，对应的固定短语是in return，在句中作状语。 26．He decided to go there with his friend. (改为否定句) He decided ________ ________ go there with his friend. 【答案】 not to 【详解】句意：他决定和他的朋友一起去那里。“decided to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”。改为否定句时，在不定式符号“to”前加“not”，构成“decided not to do sth.”，意为“决定不做某事”。 27．I play the flute. I want to relax. （用不定式合并句子） I play the flute ________ ________. 【答案】 to relax 【详解】句意：我吹长笛是为了放松。原句为“I play the flute.”和“I want to relax.”，后者表示前者的目的。用不定式“to relax”作目的状语，合并为一个简单句，结构为“主谓宾+to do”。故填to relax。 28．这支队伍遇到了困难，但他们决定继续坚持下去。 The team met with difficulties, but they decided to ________ ________. 【答案】 keep going 【详解】句中“继续坚持下去”是关键词，且decide to 后需接动词原形，固定短语“keep going”意为“继续下去”，匹配中文意思。 29．我决定报名参加学校的歌唱比赛。 I decided to ________ ________ for the school’s singing competition. 【答案】 sign up 【详解】原句中“报名参加”是关键词，表示“报名参加”对应固定短语sign up，意为“报名、注册”；由于“decide to do sth”表示“决定做某事”，后接动词原形。故填sign；up。 30．我的好朋友说，坚持自己喜欢的事很重要。 My good friend said that sticking to things I love is ________ ________. 【答案】 very important 【详解】原句中“很重要”是关键词，“很重要”对应的英文表达是“very important”。 四、短文填空 请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In my free time, I 31 (usual) do many things that I like. 32 example, I like to do sports and write something. They are good for my health and mind. Sometimes, I also watch 33 film in the theatre. I think it is relaxing and fun. From Monday to Friday, I often go 34 (ski) after school. It’s a great way to relax myself. On weekends, to keep my study and after-school life in balance, I will do my homework first. And then if the weather is great, I will climb 35 (mountain) with my dad. He is a good 36 (climb). There are many beautiful flowers and trees on the way. I really like these 37 (nature) sights. On Sunday, I will go to the dance room and practise with my friend, Jenny. I like dancing very much 38 I can express my ideas by dancing. After learning a new dance, I will have a sense of 39 (achieve). I notice that many people enjoy 40 (stay) at home. It’s bad for health. It’s important to go outside and get close to nature. 【答案】 31．usually 32．For 33．a 34．skiing 35．mountains 36．climber 37．natural 38．because 39．achievement 40．staying 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的课余生活，介绍了自己平日和周末的各类休闲活动，并倡导大家多出门亲近自然、有益身心健康。 【详解】31．句意：在空闲时间，我通常做很多自己喜欢的事。空格后面是动词“do”，需要用副词来修饰动词， “usual”是形容词，其副词形式是“usually”。 32．句意：例如，我喜欢进行体育锻炼并且喜欢写作。“For example”是固定的介词短语，意思是“例如”，用于举例说明。 33．句意：有时，我也会去电影院看场电影。“film”在这里是单数可数名词，且是第一次提到，表示泛指“一部电影”，故用不定冠词“a”。 34．句意：从周一到周五，我放学后经常去滑雪。go+动词-ing”是固定结构，表示“去做某项运动或娱乐活动”，“ski”的动名词形式是“skiing”。 35．句意：然后，如果天气很好，我就会和爸爸一起去爬山。“climb mountains”是固定搭配，意为“爬山”，习惯用复数形式，表示泛指群山。 36．句意：他是个出色的登山者。空前有“good”形容词，说明这里需要填一个名词，指人。“climb”是动词，加后缀“-er”变成名词“climber”，意为“登山者/攀岩者”。 37．句意：我真的喜欢这些自然风景。空后是名词“sights”，需要用形容词来修饰。“nature”的形容词形式是“natural”，意为“自然的”。 38．句意：我非常喜欢跳舞，因为通过跳舞我可以表达自己的想法。 前一句说“我喜欢跳舞”，后一句说“我能表达想法”，后者是前者的原因，所以用表示因果关系的连词“because”。 39．句意：在学习了一种新的舞蹈之后，我会有一种成就感。“a sense of+名词”意为“一种……的感觉”，“achieve”是动词，其名词形式是“achievement”。 40．句意：我注意到很多人喜欢待在家里。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，为固定用法，后面接动名词 staying。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Street dance started in the United States in the late 1970s. Nowadays, it is not only 41 important part of people’s lives, but also a new career choice for many young people. Now, street dance is 42 (popular) than before, and many shows 43 (organise) by local dance clubs every year. They create new jobs from event planners to dance teachers. Many people began to explore this 44 (excite) activity. Wu Qiping, 45 a street dance lover, wanted to turn a hobby into a career. 46 (she) first dance class was a big challenge when she started learning. But she said it was joyful 47 (dance). “After a long day at work, I was looking for a way to relax. Though I had no dancing experience, I decided to give it a try,” Wu said. She followed the teacher’s moves 48 (slow). She dreamed of opening a studio, so she must 49 (practise) hard. Luckily, the dream came true 50 she took the chance and worked very hard. 【答案】 41．an 42．more popular 43．are organised 44．exciting 45．as 46．Her 47．to dance 48．slowly 49．practise 50．because 【导语】本文介绍了街舞自20世纪70年代末在美国兴起后，如今已成为许多年轻人生活的重要组成部分和新的职业选择，并以吴其平为例讲述了将爱好发展为事业的经历。 【详解】41．句意：如今，它不仅是人们生活的重要组成部分，也是许多年轻人的新职业选择。此处表示泛指“一个重要的部分”，且important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”。 42．句意：如今，街舞比以前更受欢迎。句中的“than”表明此处需用形容词比较级。“popular”的比较级为“more popular”。 43．句意：每年当地舞蹈俱乐部都会组织许多表演。主语“many shows”与谓语动词“organise”之间为被动关系，时间状语“every year”表示经常发生的动作，需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“are+过去分词”，organise的过去分词为organised。 44．句意：许多人开始探索这项令人兴奋的活动。修饰名词“activity”，描述事物的性质，需用-ing结尾的形容词“exciting”，意为“令人兴奋的”。 45．句意：作为街舞爱好者，吴其平想把爱好变成职业。此处表示“作为”，需用介词“as”。 46．句意：她的第一堂舞蹈课是她开始学习时的一个大挑战。修饰名词“class”，需用形容词性物主代词“Her”。句首单词首字母需大写。 47．句意：但她说跳舞是快乐的。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，此处应填动词不定式to dance。 48．句意：她慢慢地跟着老师的动作。修饰动词“followed”，需用副词形式作状语。“slow”的副词形式为“slowly”。 49．句意：她梦想开一家工作室，所以她必须努力练习。情态动词“must”后需接动词原形“practise”。 50．句意：幸运的是，因为她抓住了机会并且非常努力地工作，梦想成真了。前后两句为因果关系，需用连词“because”引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第01讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 掌握休闲爱好词汇、to do不定式基础用法 2. 能用英语谈论课余爱好，说明放松的目的 3. 学会读写介绍爱好的简短文章 4. 懂得劳逸结合，培养健康休闲观念 学习重点 1. 词汇：休闲活动词 2. 句型：询问爱好、用to do表目的 3. 语法：动词不定式作目的状语、宾补 4. 技能：采访对话；写介绍爱好的短文 学习难点 1. 分清不定式不同用法，辨别省to动词 2. 写作中熟练使用不定式表达目的 3. 完整有条理地口头介绍个人爱好 1. strange adj. 特定的；特别的；挑剔的 【词形转换】 stranger n. 陌生人 strangely adv. 奇怪地；陌生地 【详解】 (1) be strange to sb. 对某人来说很陌生 (2) It’s strange that... ……很奇怪 (3) strangely enough 说来也奇怪 【写作佳句】 Strangely enough, the stranger didn’t feel strange to me at all. 说来也奇怪，这个陌生人对我来说一点也不陌生。 【典例】 ______ (说来也奇怪), I found my lost key in the old box. 【即练1】 ① The new school is ______ (对我来说很陌生) at first. 【即练2】 ② ______ (很奇怪) he didn’t recognize his best friend. 【即练3】 ③ The cat looked at me ______ (奇怪地). 2. vacation n. 假期；休假 【词形转换】 vacationer n. 度假者 【详解】 (1) on vacation 在度假 (2) take a vacation 去度假 (3) summer vacation 暑假 【写作佳句】 Many vacationers choose to take a vacation to the countryside during summer vacation. 很多度假者选择在暑假去乡村度假。 【典例】 My family is ______ (在度假) in Hainan now. 【即练1】 ① We plan to ______ (去度假) to the mountains next month. 【即练2】 ② The ______ (度假者) enjoyed the beach and sunshine. 【即练3】 ③ What did you do during your ______ (暑假)? 3. breath n. 呼吸 【词形转换】 breathe v. 呼吸 breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 【详解】 (1) take a deep breath 深呼吸 (2) hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 (3) out of breath 上气不接下气 【写作佳句】 I was out of breath after running, so I stopped to take a deep breath. 跑完步我上气不接下气，所以停下来做了个深呼吸。 【典例】 Please ______ (深呼吸) before you speak in front of the class. 【即练1】 ① He ran to the classroom and was ______ (上气不接下气). 【即练2】 ② She ______ (屏住呼吸) when she watched the scary movie. 【即练3】 ③ It’s hard to ______ (呼吸) in this smoky room. 4. especially adv. 尤其；特别 【词形转换】 especial adj. 特别的；格外的 【详解】 (1) especially 用于强调某一事物比其他更突出 (2) especial 修饰名词，意为“特别的” 【写作佳句】 I love all kinds of sports, especially swimming, which is my especial favorite. 我喜欢各种运动，尤其是游泳，它是我特别偏爱的。 【典例】 The town is beautiful, ______ (尤其) in spring. 【即练1】 ① I like all subjects, ______ (尤其) English. 【即练2】 ② This is my ______ (特别的) gift for you. 【即练3】 ③ It’s cold here, ______ (尤其) at night. 5. anywhere adv. 任何地方 【词形转换】 somewhere adv. 某地（肯定句） everywhere adv. 到处 【详解】 (1) anywhere 常用于否定句、疑问句 (2) not...anywhere = nowhere 哪里都不 【写作佳句】 I didn’t go anywhere yesterday, so I stayed at home and read everywhere in my room. 我昨天哪里都没去，所以待在家里，在房间里到处看书。 【典例】 Did you go ______ (任何地方) interesting on your holiday? 【即练1】 ① I can’t find my keys ______ (任何地方). 【即练2】 ② I want to go ______ (某个地方) quiet this weekend. 【即练3】 ③ There are flowers ______ (到处) in the park. 6. nothing pron. 没有什么；没有东西 【词形转换】 nothingness n. 虚无（了解即可） 【详解】 (1) have nothing to do with 与……无关 (2) nothing serious 没什么严重的 【写作佳句】 There is nothing serious with your problem, and it has nothing to do with your study. 你的问题没什么严重的，而且和你的学习无关。 【典例】 I have ______ (没什么) to do this weekend. 【即练1】 ① There is ______ (没什么严重的) wrong with my bike. 【即练2】 ② This matter ______ (与……无关) you. 【即练3】 ③ He said ______ (什么也没说) about the plan. 7. comfortable adj. 舒适的；舒服的 【词形转换】 comfortably adv. 舒适地 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 【详解】 (1) feel comfortable 感到舒服 (2) make sb. feel comfortable 让某人感到舒服 【写作佳句】 The comfortable sofa makes me feel comfortable, and I can sit there comfortably for hours. 这个舒服的沙发让我觉得很惬意，我可以舒适地坐在那里好几个小时。 【典例】 The bed is ______ (更舒适的) than the old one. 【即练1】 ① I ______ (感到舒服) in this new sweater. 【即练2】 ② The hard chair is ______ (不舒服的) to sit on. 【即练3】 ③ She slept ______ (舒适地) in the big bed. 8. ready adj. 准备好的 【词形转换】 readily adv. 乐意地；容易地 【详解】 (1) be ready for 为……做准备 (2) be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 【写作佳句】 I am ready for the exam, and I am ready to answer all the questions readily. 我为考试做好了准备，也乐意回答所有问题。 【典例】 Are you ______ (准备好) the coming sports meeting? 【即练1】 ① She is ______ (准备好做) help others anytime. 【即练2】 ② We are ______ (为……做准备) the English party. 【即练3】 ③ He ______ (乐意地) agreed to help us. 9. bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 【词形转换】 boring adj. 令人厌倦的（修饰事物） bore v. 使厌烦 【详解】 (1) be bored with 对……感到厌倦 (2) feel bored 感到无聊 【写作佳句】 I feel bored with the boring movie, and it bores me a lot. 我对这部无聊的电影感到厌倦，它让我很厌烦。 【典例】 He is ______ (对……感到厌倦) his homework. 【即练1】 ① The book is very ______ (令人厌倦的). 【即练2】 ② I ______ (感到无聊) when I have nothing to do. 【即练3】 ③ The long speech ______ (使厌烦) all of us. 10. towards prep. 朝；向；对于 【词形转换】 toward prep. （美式拼写，同towards） 【详解】 (1) walk towards 走向 (2) attitude towards 对……的态度 【写作佳句】 She walked towards the teacher and asked about her attitude towards the new rule. 她走向老师，询问她对新规则的态度。 【典例】 He has a friendly ______ (对……的态度) his classmates. 【即练1】 ① The dog ran ______ (朝) the door. 【即练2】 ② What’s your ______ (看法) this problem? 【即练3】 ③ They are moving ______ (向) the city center. 11. during prep. 在……期间 【详解】 (1) during the day 在白天 (2) during the summer 在夏天期间 【写作佳句】 During the summer vacation, I often read books during the day. 暑假期间，我经常在白天看书。 【典例】 I visited my grandparents ______ (在……期间) the winter holiday. 【即练1】 ① Don’t talk ______ (在……期间) class. 【即练2】 ② He fell asleep ______ (在……期间) the meeting. 【即练3】 ③ We went camping ______ (在……期间) the weekend. 12. fight v. & n. 打架；战斗 【词形转换】 fighter n. 战士；拳击手 fighting n. 战斗；打架 【详解】 (1) fight with sb. 和某人打架 (2) fight for 为……而战 (3) have a fight 打架 【写作佳句】 The fighter didn’t want to fight with others, but he would fight for his family. 这个战士不想和别人打架，但他会为家人而战。 【典例】 The two boys ______ (打架) yesterday. 【即练1】 ① Don’t ______ (和……打架) your classmates at school. 【即练2】 ② We should ______ (为……而战) our dreams. 【即练3】 ③ The ______ (战士) won the game. 13. remind v. 提醒；使想起 【词形转换】 reminder n. 提醒物；提示 【详解】 (1) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 (2) remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 【写作佳句】 The reminder on the desk reminds me to call my mom, and it also reminds me of my childhood. 桌上的便签提醒我给妈妈打电话，也让我想起了我的童年。 【典例】 Please ______ (提醒我) call my mother later. 【即练1】 ① This song ______ (使我想起) my hometown. 【即练2】 ② Remind him ______ (关窗户) before leaving. 【即练3】 ③ The calendar is a ______ (提醒物) for my exams. 14. guide n. 导游；向导 v. 引导；指导 【词形转换】 guidance n. 指导；引导 【详解】 (1) tour guide 导游 (2) guide sb. to sp. 引导某人到某地 【写作佳句】 The tour guide guided us to the museum, and we got a lot of guidance from her. 导游带我们去了博物馆，我们从她那里得到了很多指导。 【典例】 She works as a ______ (导游) in the zoo. 【即练1】 ① Can you ______ (带我去) the station? 【即练2】 ② The teacher gave us ______ (指导) on the project. 【即练3】 ③ The ______ (向导) showed us the way. 15. peace n. 和平；安宁 【词形转换】 peaceful adj. 和平的；安宁的 peacefully adv. 和平地；安静地 【详解】 (1) in peace 安静地；和平地 (2) world peace 世界和平 【写作佳句】 We all hope for world peace, and we want to live peacefully in a peaceful world. 我们都希望世界和平，也想在一个和平的世界里安静地生活。 【典例】 They live ______ (安静地) in the countryside. 【即练1】 ① The village is very ______ (安宁的) at night. 【即练2】 ② We should solve the problem ______ (和平地). 【即练3】 ③ ______ (世界和平) is our common wish. 16. forget v. 忘记；遗忘 【词形转换】 forgetful adj. 健忘的 forgettable adj. 容易被忘记的 【详解】 (1) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） (2) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） 【写作佳句】 The forgetful girl forgot to lock the door, and she even forgot meeting me before. 这个健忘的女孩忘了锁门，甚至忘了以前见过我。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (忘记带) your homework to school tomorrow. 【即练1】 ① I forgot ______ (寄信) yesterday.（信没寄） 【即练2】 ② He forgot ______ (见过) the movie star.（见过） 【即练3】 ③ My grandma is ______ (健忘的) these days. 17. surprise n. 惊喜；惊讶 v. 使惊讶 【词形转换】 surprised adj. 感到惊讶的（修饰人） surprising adj. 令人惊讶的（修饰事物） 【详解】 (1) to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 (2) be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 【写作佳句】 To my surprise, the surprising news made everyone surprised. 令我惊讶的是，这个令人惊讶的消息让每个人都感到惊讶。 【典例】 ______ (令我惊讶的是), he passed the difficult exam. 【即练1】 ① I ______ (对……感到惊讶) the result. 【即练2】 ② The news is very ______ (令人惊讶的). 【即练3】 ③ She had a ______ (惊喜) party for her friend. 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．More ________ (important), we should always keep our promises. 2．He read about famous businessmen when he started as a ________ (program). 3．Lucy is an excellent girl. She has a special talent for ________ (write) beautiful poems. 4．________ (surprise), even the youngest student in our class solved the difficult maths problem. 5．My mother gave me some good ________ (suggest) to improve my gardening skills. 6．He learns ________ (ski) to take part in the winter sports meeting. 7．My swimming ________ (instruct) taught me how to breathe correctly. 8．We need time ________ (relax) after work and study. 9．As a ________ (teenage), I think it’s important to find a hobby in life. 10．________ (ski) without a guide can be dangerous because you may get lost or get hurt. 二、单词拼写 11．My mother ________ (允许) me to watch TV at weekends. 12．They ________ (对付) with the problem easily last night. 13．You can only use black ________ (墨水) in the exam. 14．I love Liu Gongquan’s ________ (书法). 15．You should have a rest. Don’t ________ (督促) yourself so hard. 16．Are you afraid to ________ (表演) in front of so many people? 17．My pen pal sent me a ________ (明信片) with a picture of the Eiffel Tower. 18．We hope students can get enough rest, _________ (减少) stress and better balance study and life. 19．I found a small ________ (硬币) under the sofa. 20．Please ________ (归还) my book to me after you finish reading it. 三、完成句子 21．你应该学会放松自己，而不是一直工作。 You should learn to ________ ________ instead of working all the time. 22．我爸爸喜欢在空闲时浏览杂志。 My father likes to ________ ________ magazines in his free time. 23．每天在网上画画占用了我太多的时间。 Painting online every day ________ ________ too much of my time. 24．他不知道如何应对压力。 He doesn’t know how to ________ ________ stress. 25．她辅导我做了作业，作为回报，我给她买了一杯咖啡。 She helped me with my homework, and I bought her a coffee ________ ________. 26．He decided to go there with his friend. (改为否定句) He decided ________ ________ go there with his friend. 27．I play the flute. I want to relax. （用不定式合并句子） I play the flute ________ ________. 28．这支队伍遇到了困难，但他们决定继续坚持下去。 The team met with difficulties, but they decided to ________ ________. 29．我决定报名参加学校的歌唱比赛。 I decided to ________ ________ for the school’s singing competition. 30．我的好朋友说，坚持自己喜欢的事很重要。 My good friend said that sticking to things I love is ________ ________. 四、短文填空 请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In my free time, I 31 (usual) do many things that I like. 32 example, I like to do sports and write something. They are good for my health and mind. Sometimes, I also watch 33 film in the theatre. I think it is relaxing and fun. From Monday to Friday, I often go 34 (ski) after school. It’s a great way to relax myself. On weekends, to keep my study and after-school life in balance, I will do my homework first. And then if the weather is great, I will climb 35 (mountain) with my dad. He is a good 36 (climb). There are many beautiful flowers and trees on the way. I really like these 37 (nature) sights. On Sunday, I will go to the dance room and practise with my friend, Jenny. I like dancing very much 38 I can express my ideas by dancing. After learning a new dance, I will have a sense of 39 (achieve). I notice that many people enjoy 40 (stay) at home. It’s bad for health. It’s important to go outside and get close to nature. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Street dance started in the United States in the late 1970s. Nowadays, it is not only 41 important part of people’s lives, but also a new career choice for many young people. Now, street dance is 42 (popular) than before, and many shows 43 (organise) by local dance clubs every year. They create new jobs from event planners to dance teachers. Many people began to explore this 44 (excite) activity. Wu Qiping, 45 a street dance lover, wanted to turn a hobby into a career. 46 (she) first dance class was a big challenge when she started learning. But she said it was joyful 47 (dance). “After a long day at work, I was looking for a way to relax. Though I had no dancing experience, I decided to give it a try,” Wu said. She followed the teacher’s moves 48 (slow). She dreamed of opening a studio, so she must 49 (practise) hard. Luckily, the dream came true 50 she took the chance and worked very hard. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $