第07讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第07讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握山川、湖泊、沙漠、瀑布等自然景观词汇；学会用比较级、最高级描述地理特征；掌握大数表达、wonder一词多义。 2. 技能：听懂自然奇观对话，能对比、介绍各地自然景观；读懂地理科普短文，会写介绍一处自然奇观的短文。 3. 情感：感受大自然壮美，树立爱护、保护自然环境的意识。 学习重点 1. 词汇短语：wonder, natural, desert, waterfall, depth, surface, explore；natural wonders, the beauty of nature, in danger, measure… 2. 核心句型 What’s the most amazing natural wonder? The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It’s much deeper than the lake. I wonder how deep it is. 3. 语法 ① 形容词/副词比较级、最高级规则与不规则变化 ② 大数读法与长度、深度、高度描述 学习难点 1. 比较级、最高级不规则变形（good/well—better—best；much/many—more—most）易混淆。 2. 长数字、地理尺寸（千米、米）英文表达容易出错。 3. 区分比较级、最高级适用场景（两者对比用比较级；三者及以上用最高级）。 4. 有条理组织语言，完整介绍一处自然景观，完成地理类书面表达。 1. popular adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 【词形转换】 popularity n. 受欢迎；流行 popularly adv. 普遍地；通俗地 unpopular adj. 不受欢迎的（反义） 【详解】 (1) be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 (2) popular songs 流行歌曲 (3) gain popularity 变得流行 【写作佳句】 This popular singer is popular with young people and his songs gain great popularity. 这位人气歌手很受年轻人欢迎，他的歌曲大受欢迎。 【典例】 The cartoon ______ (受……欢迎) kids of all ages. 【即练1】 ① Short videos have ______ (变得流行) in recent years. 【即练2】 That rude boy is ______ (不受欢迎的) in our class. 【即练3】 The ______ (流行) of basketball grows fast in our school. 2. actually adv. 实际上；事实上 【词形转换】 actual adj. 真实的；实际的 【详解】 (1) actually = in fact 事实上 (2) actual situation 实际情况 【写作佳句】 He looks quiet, but actually he is outgoing and the actual fact surprises us all. 他看起来安静，但实际上他很外向，这个真实情况让我们所有人吃惊。 【典例】 ______ (事实上), I have met him before. 【即练1】 ① What’s the ______ (实际的) reason for your late? 【即练2】 ______ (事实上), I don’t like sweet food at all. 【即练3】 The ______ (真实的) number is much bigger. 3. appear v. 出现；露面；似乎 【词形转换】 appearance n. 外貌；出现 disappear v. 消失 disappearance n. 消失 【详解】 (1) appear in public 在公众面前露面 (2) appear to do sth. 似乎做某事 (3) disappear from view 从视线中消失 【写作佳句】 He appeared to be sad at first, but soon he disappeared and his sudden appearance surprised us. 他一开始看起来很难过，但很快就消失了，他的突然出现让我们很意外。 【典例】 The little dog ______ (似乎忘记) its way home. 【即练1】 ① Don’t judge people by their ______ (外貌). 【即练2】 The plane ______ (消失) behind the clouds just now. 【即练3】 Her sudden ______ (消失) worried her parents. 4. weigh v. 称重；重量为 【词形转换】 weight n. 重量 heavy adj. 重的；heavy/heavier/heaviest 【详解】 (1) weigh + 数字 重量是…… (2) lose weight 减肥 (3) put on weight 增重 【写作佳句】 The box weighs 10 kilos, and its weight makes me want to lose weight this summer. 这个箱子重10公斤，它的重量让我打算今年夏天减肥。 【典例】 I want to ______ (减肥) before the sports meeting. 【即练1】 ① How much does this bag ______ (称重)? 【即练2】 What’s the ______ (重量) of your new bike? 【即练3】 He ______ (增重) a lot after the holiday. 5. connect v. 连接；联系 【词形转换】 connection n. 联系；连接 connected adj. 相连的 【详解】 (1) connect A with/to B 把A和B连接起来 (2) connect with sb. 和某人沟通 (3) have a connection with 和……有关联 【写作佳句】 We connect the computer to the printer, and these two problems have a close connection with each other. 我们把电脑和打印机连接起来，这两个问题彼此有着紧密关联。 【典例】 Please ______ (把手机和电脑连接起来). 【即练1】 ① This story ______ (和……有关联) real life. 【即练2】 We can ______ (和远方朋友沟通) online. 【即练3】 There is a close ______ (联系) between diet and health. 6. disappointed adj. 失望的（修饰人） 【词形转换】 disappoint v. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的（修饰事物） disappointment n. 失望 【详解】 (1) be disappointed with sth. 对某物失望 (2) be disappointed to do sth. 做某事感到失望 (3) to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 【写作佳句】 To my disappointment, the disappointing movie made all the audience disappointed. 令我失望的是，这部令人失望的电影让所有观众都很扫兴。 【典例】 I ______ (对……失望) the bad exam result. 【即练1】 ① She was ______ (感到失望) hear the bad news. 【即练2】 ______ (令我失望的是), he broke his promise. 【即练3】 The ______ (失望) on his face was clear. 7. imagine v. 想象；设想 【词形转换】 imagination n. 想象力 imaginary adj. 想象中的；虚构的 【详解】 (1) imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 (2) imagine sth. 想象某物 (3) have a good imagination 想象力丰富 【写作佳句】 I imagine living by the sea, and this imaginary world comes from my rich imagination. 我想象住在海边，这个虚构的世界来自我丰富的想象力。 【典例】 Can you ______ (想象住在) a small village? 【即练1】 ① Kids usually have great ______ (想象力). 【即练2】 This is an ______ (虚构的) animal in the story. 【即练3】 You can’t ______ (想象) how happy I am. 8. action n. 行动；动作 【词形转换】 act v. 行动；表演 active adj. 积极的 activity n. 活动 actor n. 男演员 / actress n. 女演员 【详解】 (1) take action 采取行动 (2) in action 在行动中 (3) be active in 在……方面积极 【写作佳句】 We should take action at once and be active in all kinds of school activities. 我们应当立刻采取行动，积极参加各类校园活动。 【典例】 We must ______ (采取行动) to protect wild animals. 【即练1】 ① He is ______ (积极的) after-school sports. 【即练2】 There are many outdoor ______ (活动) in spring. 【即练3】 The ______ (男演员) acts bravely in the movie. 9. communicate v. 交流；沟通 【词形转换】 communication n. 交流；通讯 communicative adj. 爱沟通的 【详解】 (1) communicate with sb. 和某人交流 (2) face-to-face communication 面对面交流 【写作佳句】 We communicate with our parents every day and face-to-face communication is very important. 我们每天和父母沟通，面对面交流十分重要。 【典例】 It’s important to ______ (和朋友沟通) often. 【即练1】 ① Online ______ (交流) makes the world smaller. 【即练2】 She is a ______ (爱沟通的) and outgoing girl. 【即练3】 You should ______ (和老师沟通) your problems. 10. protect v. 保护；防护 【词形转换】 protection n. 保护 protective adj. 保护的；防护的 【详解】 (1) protect sth./sb. from sth. 保护……免受…… (2) the protection of ……的保护 【写作佳句】 We protect trees from being cut down, and we need the protection of our living environment. 我们保护树木免遭砍伐，我们需要对生存环境进行保护。 【典例】 Wear hats to ______ (保护皮肤免受) strong sunlight. 【即练1】 ① The coat gives good ______ (保护) against wind. 【即练2】 Mothers always have ______ (保护的) love for kids. 【即练3】 We must ______ (保护野生动物) from danger. 11. importance n. 重要性 【词形转换】 important adj. 重要的 importantly adv. 重要地 【详解】 (1) the importance of ……的重要性 (2) It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要 (3) more importantly 更重要的是 【写作佳句】 We learn the importance of reading, and it’s important to read every day. 我们明白阅读的重要性，每天阅读是很重要的。 【典例】 Everyone knows ______ (健康的重要性). 【即练1】 ① ______ (更重要的是), we should keep honest. 【即练2】 It’s ______ (重要的) to learn English well. 【即练3】 He realized the ______ (重要性) of time management. 12. happiness n. 幸福；快乐 【词形转换】 happy adj. 开心的；幸福的 happily adv. 开心地 unhappy adj. 不开心的（反义） 【详解】 (1) full of happiness 充满幸福 (2) live happily 幸福地生活 (3) feel happy 感到开心 【写作佳句】 We live happily in a family full of happiness and we never feel unhappy. 我们在充满幸福的家庭里快乐生活，从不感到难过。 【典例】 The little girl’s face is ______ (充满幸福). 【即练1】 ① They played ______ (开心地) in the park all afternoon. 【即练2】 It’s easy to find small ______ (幸福) in daily life. 【即练3】 He felt ______ (不开心的) after losing his toy. 13. role n. 角色；作用 【词形转换】 role-player n. 扮演者 【详解】 (1) play a role in 在……中起作用；扮演角色 (2) play an important role in 在……中发挥重要作用 【写作佳句】 Teachers play an important role in students’ growth and everyone plays a role in class. 老师在学生成长中发挥重要作用，每个人在班级里都有自己的角色。 【典例】 Exercise ______ (发挥重要作用) keeping healthy. 【即练1】 ① She will ______ (扮演角色) the princess in the play. 【即练2】 Parents ______ (起作用) kids’ good habits. 【即练3】 He is the main ______ (扮演者) in the short movie. 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The writer of the book is famous for his ________ (nature) stories. 2．People in the _________ (north) part of China like to eat noodles. 3．So far, people have planted ________ (thousand) of trees along the nice lake. 4．What’s the ________ (deep) of the water here? 5．The Yangtze River is much ________ (long) than the Pearl River. 6．They took part in various activities this term, ________ (include) planting crops and cooking meals. 7．With ________(wonder) treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. 8．Reading is good for the ________ (develop) of our mind. 9．The Amazon Rainforest is home to many different ________ (plant) and animals. 10．We need to take ________ (measure) to protect the cave from being damaged. 二、单词拼写 11．The national wetland park is about 10 ________ (英里) away from here. 12．They usually go swimming in the nearby swimming ________ (水池). 13．People are ________ (研究) the deep sea to discover the deep-sea animals. 14．After the storm, we were happy to find that all the small animals in the garden were _________ (活着). 15．Many people like to walk along the _________ (海岸) at sunset, enjoying the fresh sea air. 16．The second-hand car appeared to be in good _________ (状况), so I bought it. 17．We love our motherland from the ________ (底部) of our hearts. 18．To ________ (保护) our eyesight, we’d better relax for a while after reading for a long time. 19．We took many photos in front of the ________ (瀑布) last weekend. 20．The ________ (污染) is very serious in some cities. 三、完成句子 21．黄河是中国第二长的河流。   The Yellow River is the ________ ________ river in China. 22．砍伐树木是错误的。 It’s wrong ________ ________ ________ trees. 23．很多游客成功地登上了那座山。 Many ________ ________ climbed that mountain. 24．长江流经的距离最远，长度约为6300公里。   The Yangtze River travels the ________ and is about 6,300 kilometers ________. 25．我们应该对保护自然奇观负责。 We should be ________ for ________ natural wonders. 26．这个国家公园占地数千平方千米。 The national park covers thousands of ________ ________. 27．经过艰苦训练，你能够成功登顶。 With hard training, you ________ ________ ________ reach the top successfully. 28．在1953年，一支英国队伍首次到达了珠穆朗玛峰顶。 In 1953, a British team ________ ________ the top of Qomolangma for the first time. 29．登山者需要处理寒冷、缺氧等困难。 Climbers need to ________ ________ difficulties such as cold and thin air. 30．慢慢地，我们明白了坚持的意义。 ________ ________ ________, we came to understand the meaning of persistence. 四、短文填空 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the 31 (great) wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to 32 (touch) the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the 33 (northern) side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but 34 Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 35 24th May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high 36 even birds could not reach it. Until 2007, almost all 37 (climber) used a ladder that was brought by a Chinese team in 1975 to reach the top much 38 （fast). Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 39 (successful), but many fail. People still risk 40 (their) lives to climb the highest mountain because of human curiosity and ambition. 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is the second 41 (long) river in China. It runs from the mountains 42 the sea . It gave birth to one of the oldest and most famous 43 (culture) in the world-the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of Chinese people, the Yellow River is the “mother river”. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 44 (develop). The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 45 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). The river starts from Qinghai province in northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 46 (run) into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometer-long river 47 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and offers water to about 17% of fields and more than 50 cities. So far our country has made great efforts (努力) in the environment 48 (protect) of the river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand can’t go into it. Our “mother river” has become much 49 (clear) than before. We should try 50 (we) best to protect it. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第07讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握山川、湖泊、沙漠、瀑布等自然景观词汇；学会用比较级、最高级描述地理特征；掌握大数表达、wonder一词多义。 2. 技能：听懂自然奇观对话，能对比、介绍各地自然景观；读懂地理科普短文，会写介绍一处自然奇观的短文。 3. 情感：感受大自然壮美，树立爱护、保护自然环境的意识。 学习重点 1. 词汇短语：wonder, natural, desert, waterfall, depth, surface, explore；natural wonders, the beauty of nature, in danger, measure… 2. 核心句型 What’s the most amazing natural wonder? The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It’s much deeper than the lake. I wonder how deep it is. 3. 语法 ① 形容词/副词比较级、最高级规则与不规则变化 ② 大数读法与长度、深度、高度描述 学习难点 1. 比较级、最高级不规则变形（good/well—better—best；much/many—more—most）易混淆。 2. 长数字、地理尺寸（千米、米）英文表达容易出错。 3. 区分比较级、最高级适用场景（两者对比用比较级；三者及以上用最高级）。 4. 有条理组织语言，完整介绍一处自然景观，完成地理类书面表达。 1. popular adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 【词形转换】 popularity n. 受欢迎；流行 popularly adv. 普遍地；通俗地 unpopular adj. 不受欢迎的（反义） 【详解】 (1) be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 (2) popular songs 流行歌曲 (3) gain popularity 变得流行 【写作佳句】 This popular singer is popular with young people and his songs gain great popularity. 这位人气歌手很受年轻人欢迎，他的歌曲大受欢迎。 【典例】 The cartoon ______ (受……欢迎) kids of all ages. 【答案】is popular with 【即练1】 ① Short videos have ______ (变得流行) in recent years. 【即练2】 That rude boy is ______ (不受欢迎的) in our class. 【即练3】 The ______ (流行) of basketball grows fast in our school. 【答案】① gained popularity ② unpopular ③ popularity 2. actually adv. 实际上；事实上 【词形转换】 actual adj. 真实的；实际的 【详解】 (1) actually = in fact 事实上 (2) actual situation 实际情况 【写作佳句】 He looks quiet, but actually he is outgoing and the actual fact surprises us all. 他看起来安静，但实际上他很外向，这个真实情况让我们所有人吃惊。 【典例】 ______ (事实上), I have met him before. 【答案】Actually 【即练1】 ① What’s the ______ (实际的) reason for your late? 【即练2】 ______ (事实上), I don’t like sweet food at all. 【即练3】 The ______ (真实的) number is much bigger. 【答案】① actual ② Actually ③ actual 3. appear v. 出现；露面；似乎 【词形转换】 appearance n. 外貌；出现 disappear v. 消失 disappearance n. 消失 【详解】 (1) appear in public 在公众面前露面 (2) appear to do sth. 似乎做某事 (3) disappear from view 从视线中消失 【写作佳句】 He appeared to be sad at first, but soon he disappeared and his sudden appearance surprised us. 他一开始看起来很难过，但很快就消失了，他的突然出现让我们很意外。 【典例】 The little dog ______ (似乎忘记) its way home. 【答案】appeared to forget 【即练1】 ① Don’t judge people by their ______ (外貌). 【即练2】 The plane ______ (消失) behind the clouds just now. 【即练3】 Her sudden ______ (消失) worried her parents. 【答案】① appearance ② disappeared ③ disappearance 4. weigh v. 称重；重量为 【词形转换】 weight n. 重量 heavy adj. 重的；heavy/heavier/heaviest 【详解】 (1) weigh + 数字 重量是…… (2) lose weight 减肥 (3) put on weight 增重 【写作佳句】 The box weighs 10 kilos, and its weight makes me want to lose weight this summer. 这个箱子重10公斤，它的重量让我打算今年夏天减肥。 【典例】 I want to ______ (减肥) before the sports meeting. 【答案】lose weight 【即练1】 ① How much does this bag ______ (称重)? 【即练2】 What’s the ______ (重量) of your new bike? 【即练3】 He ______ (增重) a lot after the holiday. 【答案】① weigh ② weight ③ put on weight 5. connect v. 连接；联系 【词形转换】 connection n. 联系；连接 connected adj. 相连的 【详解】 (1) connect A with/to B 把A和B连接起来 (2) connect with sb. 和某人沟通 (3) have a connection with 和……有关联 【写作佳句】 We connect the computer to the printer, and these two problems have a close connection with each other. 我们把电脑和打印机连接起来，这两个问题彼此有着紧密关联。 【典例】 Please ______ (把手机和电脑连接起来). 【答案】connect the mobile phone with the computer 【即练1】 ① This story ______ (和……有关联) real life. 【即练2】 We can ______ (和远方朋友沟通) online. 【即练3】 There is a close ______ (联系) between diet and health. 【答案】① has a connection with ② connect with faraway friends ③ connection 6. disappointed adj. 失望的（修饰人） 【词形转换】 disappoint v. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的（修饰事物） disappointment n. 失望 【详解】 (1) be disappointed with sth. 对某物失望 (2) be disappointed to do sth. 做某事感到失望 (3) to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 【写作佳句】 To my disappointment, the disappointing movie made all the audience disappointed. 令我失望的是，这部令人失望的电影让所有观众都很扫兴。 【典例】 I ______ (对……失望) the bad exam result. 【答案】am disappointed with 【即练1】 ① She was ______ (感到失望) hear the bad news. 【即练2】 ______ (令我失望的是), he broke his promise. 【即练3】 The ______ (失望) on his face was clear. 【答案】① disappointed to ② To my disappointment ③ disappointment 7. imagine v. 想象；设想 【词形转换】 imagination n. 想象力 imaginary adj. 想象中的；虚构的 【详解】 (1) imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 (2) imagine sth. 想象某物 (3) have a good imagination 想象力丰富 【写作佳句】 I imagine living by the sea, and this imaginary world comes from my rich imagination. 我想象住在海边，这个虚构的世界来自我丰富的想象力。 【典例】 Can you ______ (想象住在) a small village? 【答案】imagine living in 【即练1】 ① Kids usually have great ______ (想象力). 【即练2】 This is an ______ (虚构的) animal in the story. 【即练3】 You can’t ______ (想象) how happy I am. 【答案】① imagination ② imaginary ③ imagine 8. action n. 行动；动作 【词形转换】 act v. 行动；表演 active adj. 积极的 activity n. 活动 actor n. 男演员 / actress n. 女演员 【详解】 (1) take action 采取行动 (2) in action 在行动中 (3) be active in 在……方面积极 【写作佳句】 We should take action at once and be active in all kinds of school activities. 我们应当立刻采取行动，积极参加各类校园活动。 【典例】 We must ______ (采取行动) to protect wild animals. 【答案】take action 【即练1】 ① He is ______ (积极的) after-school sports. 【即练2】 There are many outdoor ______ (活动) in spring. 【即练3】 The ______ (男演员) acts bravely in the movie. 【答案】① active in ② activities ③ actor 9. communicate v. 交流；沟通 【词形转换】 communication n. 交流；通讯 communicative adj. 爱沟通的 【详解】 (1) communicate with sb. 和某人交流 (2) face-to-face communication 面对面交流 【写作佳句】 We communicate with our parents every day and face-to-face communication is very important. 我们每天和父母沟通，面对面交流十分重要。 【典例】 It’s important to ______ (和朋友沟通) often. 【答案】communicate with friends 【即练1】 ① Online ______ (交流) makes the world smaller. 【即练2】 She is a ______ (爱沟通的) and outgoing girl. 【即练3】 You should ______ (和老师沟通) your problems. 【答案】① communication ② communicative ③ communicate with teachers 10. protect v. 保护；防护 【词形转换】 protection n. 保护 protective adj. 保护的；防护的 【详解】 (1) protect sth./sb. from sth. 保护……免受…… (2) the protection of ……的保护 【写作佳句】 We protect trees from being cut down, and we need the protection of our living environment. 我们保护树木免遭砍伐，我们需要对生存环境进行保护。 【典例】 Wear hats to ______ (保护皮肤免受) strong sunlight. 【答案】protect your skin from 【即练1】 ① The coat gives good ______ (保护) against wind. 【即练2】 Mothers always have ______ (保护的) love for kids. 【即练3】 We must ______ (保护野生动物) from danger. 【答案】① protection ② protective ③ protect wild animals 11. importance n. 重要性 【词形转换】 important adj. 重要的 importantly adv. 重要地 【详解】 (1) the importance of ……的重要性 (2) It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要 (3) more importantly 更重要的是 【写作佳句】 We learn the importance of reading, and it’s important to read every day. 我们明白阅读的重要性，每天阅读是很重要的。 【典例】 Everyone knows ______ (健康的重要性). 【答案】the importance of health 【即练1】 ① ______ (更重要的是), we should keep honest. 【即练2】 It’s ______ (重要的) to learn English well. 【即练3】 He realized the ______ (重要性) of time management. 【答案】① More importantly ② important ③ importance 12. happiness n. 幸福；快乐 【词形转换】 happy adj. 开心的；幸福的 happily adv. 开心地 unhappy adj. 不开心的（反义） 【详解】 (1) full of happiness 充满幸福 (2) live happily 幸福地生活 (3) feel happy 感到开心 【写作佳句】 We live happily in a family full of happiness and we never feel unhappy. 我们在充满幸福的家庭里快乐生活，从不感到难过。 【典例】 The little girl’s face is ______ (充满幸福). 【答案】full of happiness 【即练1】 ① They played ______ (开心地) in the park all afternoon. 【即练2】 It’s easy to find small ______ (幸福) in daily life. 【即练3】 He felt ______ (不开心的) after losing his toy. 【答案】① happily ② happiness ③ unhappy 13. role n. 角色；作用 【词形转换】 role-player n. 扮演者 【详解】 (1) play a role in 在……中起作用；扮演角色 (2) play an important role in 在……中发挥重要作用 【写作佳句】 Teachers play an important role in students’ growth and everyone plays a role in class. 老师在学生成长中发挥重要作用，每个人在班级里都有自己的角色。 【典例】 Exercise ______ (发挥重要作用) keeping healthy. 【答案】plays an important role in 【即练1】 ① She will ______ (扮演角色) the princess in the play. 【即练2】 Parents ______ (起作用) kids’ good habits. 【即练3】 He is the main ______ (扮演者) in the short movie. 【答案】① play the role of ② play a role in ③ role-player 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The writer of the book is famous for his ________ (nature) stories. 【答案】 natural 【详解】句意：这本书的作者因其自然题材的故事而出名。空格后是名词“stories”，需要用形容词修饰名词。单词nature的形容词为natural，故填natural。 2．People in the _________ (north) part of China like to eat noodles. 【答案】northern 【详解】 句意：中国北方地区的人们喜欢吃面条。句中空格后为名词part，需要形容词对其进行修饰限定。所给单词north是方位名词，需要变成形容词，词尾加后缀-ern，意思是北方的，故填northern。 3．So far, people have planted ________ (thousand) of trees along the nice lake. 【答案】thousands 【详解】句意：到目前为止，人们已经沿着这座美丽的湖边栽种了成千上万棵树。 thousand“千”，由句中“planted…of trees”及所给词提示，此处指“栽种了成千上万棵树”，thousands of“成千上万”，表示泛指不确定的数目，和of搭配时，需要变复数，因此填thousands。 4．What’s the ________ (deep) of the water here? 【答案】depth 【详解】句意：这里的水有多深？由“the…of”可知，此处应填入名词。因此，空格处应将形容词deep转换为名词形式。deep的名词形式为depth，意为“深度”，符合句意。 5．The Yangtze River is much ________ (long) than the Pearl River. 【答案】longer 【详解】句意：长江比珠江长得多。句中出现标志词than，表示两者进行比较，需要使用形容词的比较级；much可用来修饰比较级加强程度。形容词long的比较级直接在词尾加-er。故填longer。 6．They took part in various activities this term, ________ (include) planting crops and cooking meals. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：他们这学期参加了各种各样的活动，包括种庄稼和做饭。句中逗号后为补充说明成分，需用介词including（意为 “包括……在内”），用来引出活动的具体内容；include是动词，此处不能作谓语，需变为介词形式including。 7．With ________(wonder) treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意：扬州博物馆里面有着奇妙的珍宝，值得一游。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词treasures，wonder的形容词形式为wonderful，表示“奇妙的”，故填wonderful。 8．Reading is good for the ________ (develop) of our mind. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：阅读有助于我们思维的发展。定冠词“the”后需接名词，“develop”对应的名词形式是“development（发展）”。 9．The Amazon Rainforest is home to many different ________ (plant) and animals. 【答案】plants 【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林是许多不同植物和动物的家园。plant“植物”，为名词。空前面有many different修饰，且句中“and”连接两个并列的成分，“animals”为名词复数形式，所以此处“plant”也应用复数形式“plants”。 10．We need to take ________ (measure) to protect the cave from being damaged. 【答案】measures 【详解】句意： 我们需要采取措施来保护洞穴免受损坏。根据语境和参考词measure可知，本句使用固定搭配take measures to do sth.，意为“采取措施”，故填measures。 二、单词拼写 11．The national wetland park is about 10 ________ (英里) away from here. 【答案】miles 【详解】句意：国家湿地公园离这里大约10英里远。“英里”对应mile，空格前有数词10，因此要使用名词的复数形式。故填miles。 12．They usually go swimming in the nearby swimming ________ (水池). 【答案】pool 【详解】句意：他们通常去附近的游泳池游泳。“水池”用pool表达，swimming pool是固定搭配，意为“游泳池”，pool是可数名词，此处表示特指附近的那个游泳池，用其单数形式。 13．People are ________ (研究) the deep sea to discover the deep-sea animals. 【答案】researching 【详解】句意：人们正在研究深海，以发现深海动物。 根据汉语提示“研究”，对应单词research； 前面有be动词are，构成现在进行时be doing，所以用researching。 14．After the storm, we were happy to find that all the small animals in the garden were _________ (活着). 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，我们很高兴地发现花园里所有的小动物都还活着。根据汉语提示可知，alive“活着”，形容词作表语。 15．Many people like to walk along the _________ (海岸) at sunset, enjoying the fresh sea air. 【答案】coast 【详解】句意：许多人喜欢在日落时沿着海岸散步，享受着清新的海滨空气。“海岸”可翻译为“coast”，“along the coast”是固定搭配，意为“沿着海岸”。故填coast。 16．The second-hand car appeared to be in good _________ (状况), so I bought it. 【答案】condition 【详解】句意：这辆二手汽车看起来状况良好，所以我买下了它。condition“状况”是名词，“in good condition”为固定搭配，意为“状况良好”。 17．We love our motherland from the ________ (底部) of our hearts. 【答案】bottom 【详解】句意：我们从心底爱我们的祖国。bottom“底部”，名词，the bottom of“……的底部”。故填bottom。 18．To ________ (保护) our eyesight, we’d better relax for a while after reading for a long time. 【答案】protect 【详解】句意：为了保护我们的眼睛，我们最好在长时间阅读后放松一会儿。“to”在此处作不定式符号，引导目的状语，后接动词原形，protect为动词原形，符合语法要求。 19．We took many photos in front of the ________ (瀑布) last weekend. 【答案】waterfall 【详解】句意：上周末我们在瀑布前拍了许多照片。冠词“the”后面需接名词，根据中文提示“瀑布”，英文为waterfall。 20．The ________ (污染) is very serious in some cities. 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：一些城市的污染非常严重。根据“The”及“is”提示，此处应填不可数名词作主语。“污染”为名词pollution。 三、完成句子 21．黄河是中国第二长的河流。   The Yellow River is the ________ ________ river in China. 【答案】 second longest 【详解】原句中“第二长的”是关键词，“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级”为固定结构，表示“第几最……的”，second longest“第二长的”，符合句子逻辑及语境。   22．砍伐树木是错误的。 It’s wrong ________ ________ ________ trees. 【答案】 to cut down 【详解】原句中“砍伐”是关键词，表示“砍伐”的动词短语是cut down。It’s wrong to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是错误的”，to后接动词原形cut，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。 23．很多游客成功地登上了那座山。 Many ________ ________ climbed that mountain. 【答案】 visitors/tourists successfully 【详解】原句中“游客”和“成功”是关键词，表示“游客”的单词是visitors/tourists，“Many”后接可数名词复数；表示“成功”的单词是successfully，副词，修饰动词“climbed”。 24．长江流经的距离最远，长度约为6300公里。   The Yangtze River travels the ________ and is about 6,300 kilometers ________. 【答案】 farthest/furthest long 【详解】原句中关键词“最远”可表达为farthest/furthest，“长度为”常用表达为数词+长度单位+long，故填farthest/furthest；long。 25．我们应该对保护自然奇观负责。 We should be ________ for ________ natural wonders. 【答案】 responsible protecting 【详解】原句中“对……负责”和“保护”是关键词，表示“对……负责”的固定短语是be responsible for；“保护”对应的单词为protect，“for”为介词，其后接动名词protecting作宾语。故填responsible；protecting。 26．这个国家公园占地数千平方千米。 The national park covers thousands of ________ ________. 【答案】 square kilometers/kilometres 【详解】原句中“平方千米”是关键词，表示“平方千米”的短语是square kilometer或square kilometre。thousands of表示“成千上万的”，后接可数名词复数，kilometer/kilometre需变复数kilometers/kilometres。故填square；kilometers/kilometres。 27．经过艰苦训练，你能够成功登顶。 With hard training, you ________ ________ ________ reach the top successfully. 【答案】 are able to 【详解】原句中“能够”是关键词。be able to表示“能够”，此句是一般现在时，主语是you，be动词用are。 28．在1953年，一支英国队伍首次到达了珠穆朗玛峰顶。 In 1953, a British team ________ ________ the top of Qomolangma for the first time. 【答案】 arrived at 【详解】原句中关键词是“到达”，书面语一般用arrive。arrive是不及物动词，表示“到达某地”要加介词。本题山顶是具体小地点，用arrive at。 In 1953是过去时间，动词用一般过去式arrived。 29．登山者需要处理寒冷、缺氧等困难。 Climbers need to ________ ________ difficulties such as cold and thin air. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中的关键词为“处理”，“处理”的固定短语为deal with，动词短语，need to do sth为固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，因此空处需用动词原形。故填deal；with。 30．慢慢地，我们明白了坚持的意义。 ________ ________ ________, we came to understand the meaning of persistence. 【答案】 Little by little 【详解】“慢慢地”在此处表示逐渐地、一点一点地，常用短语是Little by little（注意首字母大写）。三个空格分别对应 Little；by；little。 四、短文填空 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the 31 (great) wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to 32 (touch) the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the 33 (northern) side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but 34 Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 35 24th May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high 36 even birds could not reach it. Until 2007, almost all 37 (climber) used a ladder that was brought by a Chinese team in 1975 to reach the top much 38 （fast). Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 39 (successful), but many fail. People still risk 40 (their) lives to climb the highest mountain because of human curiosity and ambition. 【答案】 31．greatest 32．touch 33．northern 34．a 35．On 36．that 37．climbers 38．faster 39．successfully 40．their 【导语】本文介绍珠峰北坡攀登艰险，1960 年中国登山队员成功从北坡登顶，相关登山装备助力后续攀登，尽管攀登凶险，人们仍因好奇与抱负不断挑战珠峰。 【详解】31．句意：对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。固定搭配one of the + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示 “最…… 之一”。great的最高级是greatest。 32．句意：在地球之巅，你仿佛可以触碰到天空。固定短语be able to do sth，to后接动词原形。 33．句意：1960年前，没人能从北侧登顶珠峰。形容词作定语修饰名词，形容词northern修饰side，意为“北侧”。 34．句意：登山者把这条路称作 “死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队下定决心攀登。不定冠词a表泛指某一个，用于第一次提到。文中第一次提到有一支登山队，故填a。 35．句意：在1960年5月24日，队员刘连满、王富洲、屈银华、贡布抵达第二台阶。具体几月几日前面用介词on，单词放句首首字母需大写，On 24th May 1960意为“在1960年5月24日”。 36．句意：人们说这里太高了，以至于连鸟儿都飞不到。固定句型so…that…（如此…… 以至于……），前面用so high，后面用that引导结果状语从句even birds could not reach it。 37．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有登山者都依靠1975年中国登山队带去的梯子更快地登顶。all后面接可数名词复数climbers（登山者）。 38．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有登山者都依靠1975年中国登山队带去的梯子更快得多地登顶。much + 形容词/副词比较级，much faster表示“快得多”。 39．句意：部分登山者成功登顶，但多数人失败。修饰动词reach需用副词修饰，形容词successful的副词是successfully。 40．句意：出于人类的好奇心与抱负，人们依旧冒着他们的生命危险挑战这座世界最高峰。固定搭配risk one’s lives冒着某人的生命危险，形容词性物主代词their修饰lives。 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is the second 41 (long) river in China. It runs from the mountains 42 the sea . It gave birth to one of the oldest and most famous 43 (culture) in the world-the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of Chinese people, the Yellow River is the “mother river”. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 44 (develop). The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 45 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). The river starts from Qinghai province in northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 46 (run) into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometer-long river 47 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and offers water to about 17% of fields and more than 50 cities. So far our country has made great efforts (努力) in the environment 48 (protect) of the river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand can’t go into it. Our “mother river” has become much 49 (clear) than before. We should try 50 (we) best to protect it. 【答案】 41．longest 42．to 43．cultures 44．development 45．because 46．running 47．feeds 48．protection 49．clearer 50．our 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的基本情况、文化意义、名称由来、流经区域及其生态环境保护的成效。 【详解】41．句意：黄河是中国第二长的河流。表示“第二长的”，用定冠词加形容词最高级，long的最高级是longest。 42．句意：它从山脉流向大海。固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”，故填to。 43．句意：它孕育了世界上最古老、最著名的文化之一——黄河文化。固定搭配“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，culture的复数形式是cultures。 44．句意：它有望在我国的发展中发挥更重要的作用。名词所有格country’s后用名词，develop的名词形式是development。 45．句意：这条河在中文里被称为“黄河”，因为当它流经黄土高原时，携带了大量黄沙，河水呈黄色。前后句为因果关系，表示“因为”，故填because。 46．句意：它在流入渤海之前流经许多地方。介词before后用动名词作宾语，run的动名词形式是running。 47．句意：这条5464公里长的河流养育了大约12%的中国人口，为约17%的农田和50多个城市提供水源。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The 5,464-Kilometer-long river为第三人称单数，故填feeds。 48．句意：到目前为止，我国在河流的环境保护方面做出了巨大努力。名词所有格environment的后面用名词，protect的名词形式是protection。 49．句意：我们的“母亲河”比以前清澈多了。由than before可知用比较级，clear的比较级是clearer。 50．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护它。固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽某人最大努力”，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $