第05讲 Unit 3 Growing Up（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第05讲 Unit 3 Growing Up （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握情绪、人际矛盾类词汇；学会倾诉烦恼、安慰他人、提沟通建议；掌握although/until/so that三类状语从句。 2. 技能：听懂情绪话题对话，角色扮演倾诉烦恼、给出疏导建议；读懂成长类短文，能写疏导情绪、化解矛盾的书信。 3. 情感：学会换位思考，合理调节负面情绪，懂得沟通包容，保持乐观心态。 学习重点 1. 词汇短语：upset, lonely, stressed, get on with, communicate with, face challenges, look on the bright side等情绪、沟通类词组。 2. 核心句型 —What’s wrong? I feel upset about… —You should talk to them so that you can solve the problem. Although I argued with him, I still care about him. 3. 语法三大状语从句 ① although 让步（虽然，不与but连用） ② until 时间（not…until 直到……才） ③ so that 目的（以便、为了） 学习难点 1. 区分三类状语从句引导词，准确判断句子逻辑关系。 2. although与but不能同时连用，写作易混用出错。 3. not…until句式时态搭配，灵活转换句型。 4. 结合语境给出贴合他人烦恼的合理建议，流畅完成情绪类书面表达。 1. compare v. 比较；对比 【词形转换】 comparison n. 比较；对比 comparative adj. 比较的；相对的 similar adj. 相似的（拓展反义词关联变形） 【详解】 (1) compare A with B 把A和B作对比（找不同） (2) compare A to B 把A比作B（比喻） (3) in comparison with 和……相比 【写作佳句】 We often compare our life with the past, and in comparison with old days, our life is much better. 我们经常把现在的生活和过去对比，和从前相比，我们的生活好了很多。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (拿自己和别人对比) all the time. 【即练1】 ① People often ______ (把老师比作蜡烛). 【即练2】 ______ (和……相比) last year, this city is cleaner. 【即练3】 This ______ (对比) tells us their big changes. 2. perform v. 表演；执行；表现 【词形转换】 performance n. 表演；表现 performer n. 表演者 【详解】 (1) perform on stage 在舞台表演 (2) perform well/badly 表现好/差 (3) give a performance 进行一场演出 【写作佳句】 The young performer will perform a dance tonight and his performance will be wonderful. 这位年轻表演者今晚要跳一支舞，他的演出会非常精彩。 【典例】 She ______ (表现优秀) in the English speech competition. 【即练1】 ① Many students will ______ (表演节目) at the school party. 【即练2】 The ______ (表演者) practiced every day before the show. 【即练3】 We watched a wonderful ______ (演出) last Friday. 3. solve v. 解决；解答 【词形转换】 solution n. 解决办法；答案 solvable adj. 可解决的 【详解】 (1) solve problems 解决问题 (2) the solution to ……的解决办法 【写作佳句】 We work together to solve math problems and find the best solution to every trouble. 我们一起合作解数学题，为每一个难题找到最佳解决办法。 【典例】 Can you find the ______ (解决办法) this difficult question? 【即练1】 ① It’s easy for him to ______ (解决难题). 【即练2】 What’s your ______ (解决办法) this problem? 【即练3】 This small trouble is ______ (可解决的). 4. congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 【词形转换】 congratulate v. 祝贺；恭喜 congratulations (复数，固定口语用法) 【详解】 (1) Congratulations! 恭喜你！ (2) congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 (3) send congratulations to sb. 向某人送上祝贺 【写作佳句】 I want to congratulate you on your prize and send my warm congratulations to you. 我想祝贺你获奖，向你送上诚挚的祝福。 【典例】 Let’s ______ (祝贺他) his good grades. 【即练1】 ① ______ (恭喜) you on winning the game! 【即练2】 We ______ (祝贺她) her new job yesterday. 【即练3】 I sent my ______ (祝贺) to my deskmate. 5. prize n. 奖品；奖金 v. 珍视 【词形转换】 prizewinner n. 获奖者 prize-winning adj. 获奖的 【详解】 (1) win a prize 获奖 (2) first prize 一等奖 (3) prize sth. highly 十分珍视某物 【写作佳句】 The prizewinner won first prize, and he prizes this prize-winning book highly. 这位获奖者拿下一等奖，他十分珍视这本获奖书籍。 【典例】 My sister ______ (获得一等奖) in the singing contest. 【即练1】 ① Every student hopes to ______ (获奖) in the competition. 【即练2】 The ______ (获奖者) shared his experience with us. 【即练3】 She ______ (十分珍视) her mother’s old watch. 6. besides prep. 除……之外（还有） adv. 此外 【词形转换】 无变形，辨析：except 除……之外（不包含） 【详解】 (1) besides + 名词 除……之外（还有） (2) besides 副词，置于句首/句中，表“此外” 【写作佳句】 Besides English, we learn math and history. Besides, we have music class every week. 除了英语，我们还要学数学和历史。此外，我们每周还有音乐课。 【典例】 ______ (除了) sports, I also love reading. 【即练1】 ① ______ (此外), you need to finish your homework on time. 【即练2】 All students went to the park ______ (除了他之外还有他妹妹). 7. pleasure n. 愉快；乐事 【词形转换】 please v. 使高兴；请求 pleased adj. 感到开心的（修饰人） pleasant adj. 令人愉快的（修饰事物） 【详解】 (1) It’s my pleasure. 不客气。 (2) with pleasure 乐意地；愿意 (3) take pleasure in doing sth. 乐于做某事 【写作佳句】 I take pleasure in helping others, and it’s my pleasure to give you pleasant help. 我乐于助人，能为你提供贴心帮助是我的荣幸。 【典例】 —Thank you very much. —______ (不客气). 【即练1】 ① I ______ (乐于) reading storybooks in my free time. 【即练2】 —Could you help me? —______ (乐意效劳). 【即练3】 We spent a ______ (令人愉快的) afternoon together. 8. appearance n. 外貌；出现 【词形转换】 appear v. 出现；露面 disappear v. 消失 disappearance n. 消失 【详解】 (1) judge by appearance 以貌取人 (2) appear in front of sb. 出现在某人面前 (3) disappear from sight 消失不见 【写作佳句】 Don’t judge a person by appearance. He appeared just now but soon disappeared from sight. 不要以貌取人。他刚才出现了，可很快就消失了。 【典例】 The sun ______ (出现) from the clouds after rain. 【即练1】 ① We shouldn’t ______ (以貌取人). 【即练2】 The little cat ______ (消失) around the corner just now. 【即练3】 His sudden ______ (消失) made us worried. 9. personality n. 性格；个性 【词形转换】 personal adj. 个人的；私人的 personally adv. 就个人而言 【详解】 (1) good personality 好性格 (2) personal things 私人物品 (3) personally speaking 就我个人而言 【写作佳句】 She has a warm personality, and personally speaking, I respect all her personal ideas. 她性格温和，就我个人而言，我尊重她所有私人想法。 【典例】 His friendly ______ (性格) makes many friends like him. 【即练1】 ① Don’t touch other people’s ______ (私人物品). 【即练2】 ______ (就我个人而言), I prefer quiet life. 【即练3】 This girl has a bright ______ (性格). 10. average adj. 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 【词形转换】 averagely adv. 平均地；普通地 【详解】 (1) on average 平均；通常 (2) average score 平均分 (3) an average student 普通学生 【写作佳句】 On average, our average score is high, and averagely every student works hard. 平均来看，我们的平均分很高，大部分普通学生都很努力。 【典例】 ______ (平均), we sleep eight hours every day. 【即练1】 ① What’s your ______ (平均分) in this term? 【即练2】 He is just ______ (一名普通学生) in our class. 【即练3】 The kids here are ______ (平均地) taller than before. 11. interest n. 兴趣；爱好 v. 使感兴趣 【词形转换】 interested adj. 感到感兴趣的（修饰人） interesting adj. 令人有趣的（修饰物） 【详解】 (1) show interest in 对……表现出兴趣 (2) be interested in 对……感兴趣 (3) interest sb. 让某人产生兴趣 【写作佳句】 I show great interest in interesting books, and they interest me a lot. 我对有趣的书籍很感兴趣，这些书深深吸引着我。 【典例】 Most kids ______ (对……感兴趣) cartoon movies. 【即练1】 ① He ______ (对绘画表现出兴趣) when he was young. 【即练2】 This is an ______ (有趣的) science story. 【即练3】 The game ______ (吸引) all the boys in the room. 12. difference n. 差别；差异 【词形转换】 different adj. 不同的 differently adv. 不同地 【详解】 (1) be different from 和……不同 (2) tell the difference 分辨差异 (3) do sth. differently 做事方式不同 【写作佳句】 These two bags are different from each other, and we can easily tell their difference. 这两个包各不相同，我们能轻松分辨出它们的差别。 【典例】 My hobby ______ (和……不同) my brother’s. 【即练1】 ① Can you ______ (分辨差异) between the two pictures? 【即练2】 We think about problems ______ (不同地). 【即练3】 There are many ______ (差异) between city and village life. 13. humor n. 幽默；风趣 【词形转换】 humorous adj. 幽默的；风趣的 humorously adv. 幽默地 【详解】 (1) full of humor 充满幽默感 (2) a humorous person 风趣的人 【写作佳句】 Our teacher is full of humor. He tells stories humorously and he is a humorous man. 我们老师十分幽默，他讲故事风趣十足，是个风趣的人。 【典例】 The boy is ______ (充满幽默感), so everyone likes him. 【即练1】 ① My deskmate is a ______ (幽默的) boy. 【即练2】 He spoke ______ (幽默地) to make us laugh. 【即练3】 The movie is full of ______ (幽默). 14. honest adj. 诚实的；正直的 【词形转换】 honesty n. 诚实；正直 dishonest adj. 不诚实的（反义词变形） 【详解】 (1) be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚 (2) to be honest 说实话 (3) an honest boy 诚实的男孩 【写作佳句】 To be honest, this honest boy values honesty and never tells dishonest lies. 说实话，这个诚实的孩子十分看重诚信，从不说谎话。 【典例】 ______ (说实话), I didn’t finish my homework yesterday. 【即练1】 ① You should ______ (对我坦诚) about your mistake. 【即练2】 ______ (诚实) is the most important quality. 【即练3】 It’s ______ (不诚实的) to copy others’ homework. 15. similarity n. 相似；共同点 【词形转换】 similar adj. 相似的 similarly adv. 相似地；同样地 【详解】 (1) be similar to 和……相似 (2) find similarities between A and B 找出A和B的共同点 (3) similarly speaking 同样地 【写作佳句】 My dress is similar to yours. Similarly, we can find many similarities in our hobbies. 我的裙子和你的很像，同样，我们能在爱好上找到很多共同点。 【典例】 This cat ______ (和……相似) the one I saw last week. 【即练1】 ① We can ______ (找出共同点) the two cities. 【即练2】 ______ (同样地), my sister likes painting too. 【即练3】 There are some ______ (相似点) between us. 16. direct adj. 直接的 v. 指导；指引 【词形转换】 direction n. 方向；指导 directly adv. 直接地 director n. 导演；负责人 【详解】 (1) direct flight 直达航班 (2) in the direction of 朝着……方向 (3) go directly to sp. 直接前往某地 【写作佳句】 Take the direct flight and go directly to the station. I’ll direct you in the right direction. 搭乘直达航班，直接去车站，我会指引你正确的方向。 【典例】 Please ______ (直接去) the classroom after breakfast. 【即练1】 ① This is a ______ (直达的) train to Beijing. 【即练2】 We walked ______ (朝着……方向) the river. 【即练3】 The ______ (导演) gave us useful guidance. 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．My parents were ________ because I didn’t try my best in the exam. (disappoint) 2．Many students are ________ before big exams and need to relax. (stress) 3．We must learn to control our ________ (angry) and not shout at others easily. 4．_________ (last), remember to be kind to everyone you meet. 5．The school will give out ________ (award) to top students at the end of the term. 6．People may behave ________ (different) when they are under pressure. 7．Mr. Brown is such a wise and knowledgeable man that he can always guide me to find out different ________ (solve) to any single problem. 8．I often get a strong sense of ________ (lonely) when I stay alone in my house. 9．My grandmother often tells me _________ (interest) stories about her childhood. 10．It is really ________ (joy) for all the students to have such meaningful experiences. 二、单词拼写 11．The dog always ________ (表现) happily when its owner comes back. 12．As teenagers, we sometimes experience ________ (消极的) feelings such as sadness, worry and fear. 13．We were ________ (震惊) when we heard the old library would be closed forever. 14．Mum was ________ (难过) because I broke her favourite plate. 15．The teacher once ________ (建议) me to practise English for 20 minutes every day. 16．Before you speak, take a deep breath to ________ (控制) your anger. 17．The best birthday ________ (礼物) I ever received was a handmade card from my sister. 18．To ________ (原谅) others’ mistakes shows kindness and helps friendship grow. 19．People think ________ (不同地) about this problem. 20．The ________ (目的) of the meeting is to solve the problem. 三、完成句子 21．我为我说过的话感到抱歉，我想收回它。 I’m sorry for what I said. I want to ________ ________ my words. 22．想要赢得比赛，我们需要齐心协力。 We need to ________ ________ if we want to win the game. 23．比赛输了之后，他闷闷不乐了很久。 He ________ ________ for a long time after losing the game. 24．别对他太苛刻，他只是个孩子。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ him. He is just a kid. 25．如果出了差错，别灰心——这是成长的一部分。 Don’t lose heart if something ________ ________—it’s part of growing up. 26．She is too shy to speak in front of the class. (改为同义句) She is __________ shy __________ she can’t speak in front of the class. 27．当这种情况发生时，我会感到担忧并情绪低落。 When it happens, I feel worried and stay ________ ________ ________ . 28．我会唱歌，也会跳舞。 I can sing, and I can dance ________ ________. 29．虽然一周后任务结束了，但莉莉依然每个月都拜访安娜。 ________ _______ the task was over after a week, Lily still visited Anna every month. 30．她把蛋糕切成两半和朋友们分享。 She _________ the cake _________ _________ to share with her friends. 四、短文填空 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you want to run away from the world for a while? Everyone needs to take time out sometimes. 31 (make) your own quiet space or a calm-down corner will help. It 32 (provide) you with somewhere to go when you want to relax. A calm-down corner can make you become less 33 (worry). It can be anywhere that lets you spend time by 34 (you) and take a small break alone. If you’re feeling angry or upset, the 35 (relax) time can calm your thoughts and let you think more clearly. Studies show that this can help you feel less stressed and sleep much 36 (good) at night. Calm down, corners are a great way to help you solve problems and think up fresh ideas. How can we make a calm-down corner? First, choose 37 area. It could be a favorite chair, or a 38 (sun) window seat or a small space of a room. Make it comfortable by adding pillows (枕头). Next, choose a style and decorate your space with drawings, pictures or photos of friends, family or pets. Most importantly, make a screen-free space and fill a basket 39 things you can reach for, such as coloring books or a favorite soft toy. Why not have a try? Just 40 the English saying goes, “Keep calm”. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 What can you do to help yourself get out of stress or worry? If you’re an artist, you can keep making art. And if you are not an artist, now is the time to take up an article hobby such as drawing or painting. It is never too late 41 (start). Everyone can do it. If you can hold a brush or crayon, you can create art. Creating art heals (治愈) not only the mind and spirit 42 also the body. When you draw or paint, your breathing slows, your blood pressure lowers, and your mind lets go of daily problems. It not only relaxes you but also brings a feeling of 43 (joyful). Making art also allows you to play and try out new materials and methods. It also lets you express pleasure by 44 (show) beauty, and creating art provides you a special chance to express your anger or upset, as well as your personal ideas. Although the process of making art is 45 most important part of all, your finished product is important too. Your painting or drawing will remind you 46 the lessons you learned while making it, and you may feel energetic just by looking at it. If you don’t know how to begin, here are some ways to start creating art. If 47 (possibly), prepare a small table with your 48 (brush) and watercolours. So you can draw or paint what you like whenever you get inspiration (灵感). Without thinking much about it, just choose colours that you like and start painting with 49 (their). Enjoying the colours and working on the colours will give you something happy rather 50 the stresses of your daily life. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第05讲 Unit 3 Growing Up （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握情绪、人际矛盾类词汇；学会倾诉烦恼、安慰他人、提沟通建议；掌握although/until/so that三类状语从句。 2. 技能：听懂情绪话题对话，角色扮演倾诉烦恼、给出疏导建议；读懂成长类短文，能写疏导情绪、化解矛盾的书信。 3. 情感：学会换位思考，合理调节负面情绪，懂得沟通包容，保持乐观心态。 学习重点 1. 词汇短语：upset, lonely, stressed, get on with, communicate with, face challenges, look on the bright side等情绪、沟通类词组。 2. 核心句型 —What’s wrong? I feel upset about… —You should talk to them so that you can solve the problem. Although I argued with him, I still care about him. 3. 语法三大状语从句 ① although 让步（虽然，不与but连用） ② until 时间（not…until 直到……才） ③ so that 目的（以便、为了） 学习难点 1. 区分三类状语从句引导词，准确判断句子逻辑关系。 2. although与but不能同时连用，写作易混用出错。 3. not…until句式时态搭配，灵活转换句型。 4. 结合语境给出贴合他人烦恼的合理建议，流畅完成情绪类书面表达。 1. compare v. 比较；对比 【词形转换】 comparison n. 比较；对比 comparative adj. 比较的；相对的 similar adj. 相似的（拓展反义词关联变形） 【详解】 (1) compare A with B 把A和B作对比（找不同） (2) compare A to B 把A比作B（比喻） (3) in comparison with 和……相比 【写作佳句】 We often compare our life with the past, and in comparison with old days, our life is much better. 我们经常把现在的生活和过去对比，和从前相比，我们的生活好了很多。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (拿自己和别人对比) all the time. 【答案】compare yourself with others 【即练1】 ① People often ______ (把老师比作蜡烛). 【即练2】 ______ (和……相比) last year, this city is cleaner. 【即练3】 This ______ (对比) tells us their big changes. 【答案】① compare teachers to candles ② In comparison with ③ comparison 2. perform v. 表演；执行；表现 【词形转换】 performance n. 表演；表现 performer n. 表演者 【详解】 (1) perform on stage 在舞台表演 (2) perform well/badly 表现好/差 (3) give a performance 进行一场演出 【写作佳句】 The young performer will perform a dance tonight and his performance will be wonderful. 这位年轻表演者今晚要跳一支舞，他的演出会非常精彩。 【典例】 She ______ (表现优秀) in the English speech competition. 【答案】performed well 【即练1】 ① Many students will ______ (表演节目) at the school party. 【即练2】 The ______ (表演者) practiced every day before the show. 【即练3】 We watched a wonderful ______ (演出) last Friday. 【答案】① perform programs ② performer ③ performance 3. solve v. 解决；解答 【词形转换】 solution n. 解决办法；答案 solvable adj. 可解决的 【详解】 (1) solve problems 解决问题 (2) the solution to ……的解决办法 【写作佳句】 We work together to solve math problems and find the best solution to every trouble. 我们一起合作解数学题，为每一个难题找到最佳解决办法。 【典例】 Can you find the ______ (解决办法) this difficult question? 【答案】solution to 【即练1】 ① It’s easy for him to ______ (解决难题). 【即练2】 What’s your ______ (解决办法) this problem? 【即练3】 This small trouble is ______ (可解决的). 【答案】① solve difficult problems ② solution to ③ solvable 4. congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 【词形转换】 congratulate v. 祝贺；恭喜 congratulations (复数，固定口语用法) 【详解】 (1) Congratulations! 恭喜你！ (2) congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 (3) send congratulations to sb. 向某人送上祝贺 【写作佳句】 I want to congratulate you on your prize and send my warm congratulations to you. 我想祝贺你获奖，向你送上诚挚的祝福。 【典例】 Let’s ______ (祝贺他) his good grades. 【答案】congratulate him on 【即练1】 ① ______ (恭喜) you on winning the game! 【即练2】 We ______ (祝贺她) her new job yesterday. 【即练3】 I sent my ______ (祝贺) to my deskmate. 【答案】① Congratulations ② congratulated her on ③ congratulations 5. prize n. 奖品；奖金 v. 珍视 【词形转换】 prizewinner n. 获奖者 prize-winning adj. 获奖的 【详解】 (1) win a prize 获奖 (2) first prize 一等奖 (3) prize sth. highly 十分珍视某物 【写作佳句】 The prizewinner won first prize, and he prizes this prize-winning book highly. 这位获奖者拿下一等奖，他十分珍视这本获奖书籍。 【典例】 My sister ______ (获得一等奖) in the singing contest. 【答案】won first prize 【即练1】 ① Every student hopes to ______ (获奖) in the competition. 【即练2】 The ______ (获奖者) shared his experience with us. 【即练3】 She ______ (十分珍视) her mother’s old watch. 【答案】① win a prize ② prizewinner ③ prizes highly 6. besides prep. 除……之外（还有） adv. 此外 【词形转换】 无变形，辨析：except 除……之外（不包含） 【详解】 (1) besides + 名词 除……之外（还有） (2) besides 副词，置于句首/句中，表“此外” 【写作佳句】 Besides English, we learn math and history. Besides, we have music class every week. 除了英语，我们还要学数学和历史。此外，我们每周还有音乐课。 【典例】 ______ (除了) sports, I also love reading. 【答案】Besides 【即练1】 ① ______ (此外), you need to finish your homework on time. 【即练2】 All students went to the park ______ (除了他之外还有他妹妹). 【答案】① Besides ② besides his sister 7. pleasure n. 愉快；乐事 【词形转换】 please v. 使高兴；请求 pleased adj. 感到开心的（修饰人） pleasant adj. 令人愉快的（修饰事物） 【详解】 (1) It’s my pleasure. 不客气。 (2) with pleasure 乐意地；愿意 (3) take pleasure in doing sth. 乐于做某事 【写作佳句】 I take pleasure in helping others, and it’s my pleasure to give you pleasant help. 我乐于助人，能为你提供贴心帮助是我的荣幸。 【典例】 —Thank you very much. —______ (不客气). 【答案】It’s my pleasure 【即练1】 ① I ______ (乐于) reading storybooks in my free time. 【即练2】 —Could you help me? —______ (乐意效劳). 【即练3】 We spent a ______ (令人愉快的) afternoon together. 【答案】① take pleasure in ② With pleasure ③ pleasant 8. appearance n. 外貌；出现 【词形转换】 appear v. 出现；露面 disappear v. 消失 disappearance n. 消失 【详解】 (1) judge by appearance 以貌取人 (2) appear in front of sb. 出现在某人面前 (3) disappear from sight 消失不见 【写作佳句】 Don’t judge a person by appearance. He appeared just now but soon disappeared from sight. 不要以貌取人。他刚才出现了，可很快就消失了。 【典例】 The sun ______ (出现) from the clouds after rain. 【答案】appeared 【即练1】 ① We shouldn’t ______ (以貌取人). 【即练2】 The little cat ______ (消失) around the corner just now. 【即练3】 His sudden ______ (消失) made us worried. 【答案】① judge by appearance ② disappeared ③ disappearance 9. personality n. 性格；个性 【词形转换】 personal adj. 个人的；私人的 personally adv. 就个人而言 【详解】 (1) good personality 好性格 (2) personal things 私人物品 (3) personally speaking 就我个人而言 【写作佳句】 She has a warm personality, and personally speaking, I respect all her personal ideas. 她性格温和，就我个人而言，我尊重她所有私人想法。 【典例】 His friendly ______ (性格) makes many friends like him. 【答案】personality 【即练1】 ① Don’t touch other people’s ______ (私人物品). 【即练2】 ______ (就我个人而言), I prefer quiet life. 【即练3】 This girl has a bright ______ (性格). 【答案】① personal things ② Personally speaking ③ personality 10. average adj. 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 【词形转换】 averagely adv. 平均地；普通地 【详解】 (1) on average 平均；通常 (2) average score 平均分 (3) an average student 普通学生 【写作佳句】 On average, our average score is high, and averagely every student works hard. 平均来看，我们的平均分很高，大部分普通学生都很努力。 【典例】 ______ (平均), we sleep eight hours every day. 【答案】On average 【即练1】 ① What’s your ______ (平均分) in this term? 【即练2】 He is just ______ (一名普通学生) in our class. 【即练3】 The kids here are ______ (平均地) taller than before. 【答案】① average score ② an average student ③ averagely 11. interest n. 兴趣；爱好 v. 使感兴趣 【词形转换】 interested adj. 感到感兴趣的（修饰人） interesting adj. 令人有趣的（修饰物） 【详解】 (1) show interest in 对……表现出兴趣 (2) be interested in 对……感兴趣 (3) interest sb. 让某人产生兴趣 【写作佳句】 I show great interest in interesting books, and they interest me a lot. 我对有趣的书籍很感兴趣，这些书深深吸引着我。 【典例】 Most kids ______ (对……感兴趣) cartoon movies. 【答案】are interested in 【即练1】 ① He ______ (对绘画表现出兴趣) when he was young. 【即练2】 This is an ______ (有趣的) science story. 【即练3】 The game ______ (吸引) all the boys in the room. 【答案】① showed interest in drawing ② interesting ③ interests 12. difference n. 差别；差异 【词形转换】 different adj. 不同的 differently adv. 不同地 【详解】 (1) be different from 和……不同 (2) tell the difference 分辨差异 (3) do sth. differently 做事方式不同 【写作佳句】 These two bags are different from each other, and we can easily tell their difference. 这两个包各不相同，我们能轻松分辨出它们的差别。 【典例】 My hobby ______ (和……不同) my brother’s. 【答案】is different from 【即练1】 ① Can you ______ (分辨差异) between the two pictures? 【即练2】 We think about problems ______ (不同地). 【即练3】 There are many ______ (差异) between city and village life. 【答案】① tell the difference ② differently ③ differences 13. humor n. 幽默；风趣 【词形转换】 humorous adj. 幽默的；风趣的 humorously adv. 幽默地 【详解】 (1) full of humor 充满幽默感 (2) a humorous person 风趣的人 【写作佳句】 Our teacher is full of humor. He tells stories humorously and he is a humorous man. 我们老师十分幽默，他讲故事风趣十足，是个风趣的人。 【典例】 The boy is ______ (充满幽默感), so everyone likes him. 【答案】full of humor 【即练1】 ① My deskmate is a ______ (幽默的) boy. 【即练2】 He spoke ______ (幽默地) to make us laugh. 【即练3】 The movie is full of ______ (幽默). 【答案】① humorous ② humorously ③ humor   14. honest adj. 诚实的；正直的 【词形转换】 honesty n. 诚实；正直 dishonest adj. 不诚实的（反义词变形） 【详解】 (1) be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚 (2) to be honest 说实话 (3) an honest boy 诚实的男孩 【写作佳句】 To be honest, this honest boy values honesty and never tells dishonest lies. 说实话，这个诚实的孩子十分看重诚信，从不说谎话。 【典例】 ______ (说实话), I didn’t finish my homework yesterday. 【答案】To be honest 【即练1】 ① You should ______ (对我坦诚) about your mistake. 【即练2】 ______ (诚实) is the most important quality. 【即练3】 It’s ______ (不诚实的) to copy others’ homework. 【答案】① be honest with me ② Honesty ③ dishonest 15. similarity n. 相似；共同点 【词形转换】 similar adj. 相似的 similarly adv. 相似地；同样地 【详解】 (1) be similar to 和……相似 (2) find similarities between A and B 找出A和B的共同点 (3) similarly speaking 同样地 【写作佳句】 My dress is similar to yours. Similarly, we can find many similarities in our hobbies. 我的裙子和你的很像，同样，我们能在爱好上找到很多共同点。 【典例】 This cat ______ (和……相似) the one I saw last week. 【答案】is similar to 【即练1】 ① We can ______ (找出共同点) the two cities. 【即练2】 ______ (同样地), my sister likes painting too. 【即练3】 There are some ______ (相似点) between us. 【答案】① find similarities between ② Similarly speaking ③ similarities 16. direct adj. 直接的 v. 指导；指引 【词形转换】 direction n. 方向；指导 directly adv. 直接地 director n. 导演；负责人 【详解】 (1) direct flight 直达航班 (2) in the direction of 朝着……方向 (3) go directly to sp. 直接前往某地 【写作佳句】 Take the direct flight and go directly to the station. I’ll direct you in the right direction. 搭乘直达航班，直接去车站，我会指引你正确的方向。 【典例】 Please ______ (直接去) the classroom after breakfast. 【答案】go directly to 【即练1】 ① This is a ______ (直达的) train to Beijing. 【即练2】 We walked ______ (朝着……方向) the river. 【即练3】 The ______ (导演) gave us useful guidance. 【答案】① direct ② in the direction of ③ director 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．My parents were ________ because I didn’t try my best in the exam. (disappoint) 【答案】disappointed 【详解】句意：我的父母很失望，因为我在考试中没有尽力。disappoint“使失望”，句中“were”为系动词，后面需要用形容词作表语，disappoint的形容词形式有disappointing（令人失望的，通常修饰物）和disappointed（感到失望的，通常修饰人），这里修饰“My parents”（我的父母，指人），所以用disappointed。 2．Many students are ________ before big exams and need to relax. (stress) 【答案】stressed 【详解】句意：很多学生在大考前感到焦虑，需要放松一下。根据“Many students are... before big exams and need to relax.”，此处为固定搭配be stressed，表示“感到有压力、焦虑”，空前为are，因此空处应填stressed。 3．We must learn to control our ________ (angry) and not shout at others easily. 【答案】anger 【详解】句意：我们必须学会控制自己的怒气，不要轻易对别人大喊大叫。因为our是形容词性物主代词，后面要接名词。angry是形容词，它的名词形式是anger。故填anger。 4．_________ (last), remember to be kind to everyone you meet. 【答案】Lastly 【详解】句意：最后，请善待你遇到的每一个人。 空处作状语修饰整句，需要用副词lastly，首字母要大写。 5．The school will give out ________ (award) to top students at the end of the term. 【答案】awards 【详解】句意：学校将在学期末给优秀学生颁发奖项。括号内的award是可数名词，意为“奖项”，根据“top students”可知给多名学生颁奖，需用复数形式awards。 6．People may behave ________ (different) when they are under pressure. 【答案】differently 【详解】句意：人们在承受压力时可能会有不一样的表现。根据句子结构可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词behave，different是形容词，需要转化为副词形式。应填differently。 7．Mr. Brown is such a wise and knowledgeable man that he can always guide me to find out different ________ (solve) to any single problem. 【答案】solutions 【详解】句意：布朗先生是一位睿智博学的人，他总能指引我找出任何一个问题的不同解决办法。句中different（不同的）后必须接可数名词复数形式；括号内solve是动词，意为 “解决”，它对应的名词形式为solution（解决办法），复数直接在词尾加 - s，变为solutions，故填solutions。 8．I often get a strong sense of ________ (lonely) when I stay alone in my house. 【答案】loneliness 【详解】句意：当我独自待在家里时，我常常会感到强烈的孤独感。固定搭配a sense of后接名词，lonely是形容词，其名词形式为loneliness，意为“孤独”。 9．My grandmother often tells me _________ (interest) stories about her childhood. 【答案】interesting 【详解】句意：我祖母经常给我讲她童年时有趣的故事。interest“兴趣；使感兴趣”，句中“stories”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，interest的形容词形式有interesting和interested，interesting意为“有趣的”，常用来修饰物；interested意为“感兴趣的”，常用来修饰人。此处修饰“stories”，应用interesting。 10．It is really ________ (joy) for all the students to have such meaningful experiences. 【答案】joyful 【详解】句意：对所有学生来说，拥有这样有意义的经历确实是令人愉悦的。“is”为系动词，后需接形容词作表语。“joy”为名词，其形容词形式“joyful”意为“令人愉快的，快乐的”。 二、单词拼写 11．The dog always ________ (表现) happily when its owner comes back. 【答案】behaves 【详解】句意：当主人回来时，这只狗总是开心地表现出来。“表现”的英文是behave，“always”表明时态用一般现在时，主语The dog是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式behaves。 12．As teenagers, we sometimes experience ________ (消极的) feelings such as sadness, worry and fear. 【答案】negative 【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们有时会经历消极的情绪，比如悲伤、焦虑和恐惧。根据括号内的中文提示“消极的”，此处需填形容词negative，修饰名词feelings。 13．We were ________ (震惊) when we heard the old library would be closed forever. 【答案】shocked 【详解】句意：当我们听说老图书馆将永久关闭时，我们感到震惊。空格处在系动词were后，需用形容词作表语，说明主语的状态。“震惊”译为shocked，常用于形容人的感受，符合句意。 14．Mum was ________ (难过) because I broke her favourite plate. 【答案】upset 【详解】句意：妈妈很难过，因为我打碎了她最心爱的盘子。空格处在be动词was后，需用形容词作表语，说明主语的状态。“难过的”译为upset，符合句意。 15．The teacher once ________ (建议) me to practise English for 20 minutes every day. 【答案】advised 【详解】句意：老师曾经建议我每天练习20分钟的英语。根据“once”可知，表示曾经做过某事，谓语动词advise要用过去式advised。 16．Before you speak, take a deep breath to ________ (控制) your anger. 【答案】control 【详解】句意：在你说话之前，深呼吸来控制你的愤怒。control意为“控制”，符合语境，不定式符号to后面接动词原形，构成不定式短语作目的状语。 17．The best birthday ________ (礼物) I ever received was a handmade card from my sister. 【答案】present/gift 【详解】句意：我曾收到的最好的生日礼物是我姐姐/妹妹亲手做的一张卡片。句中 “The best birthday…” 意为“最好的生日礼物”，需要填入名词。“礼物”的英文是 gift或present。从句中“was”提示主语为单数，且此处泛指“礼物”这一事物，用可数名词单数形式即可。 18．To ________ (原谅) others’ mistakes shows kindness and helps friendship grow. 【答案】forgive 【详解】句意：原谅他人的错误体现了善意，也有助于友谊的发展。句中To为不定式符号，后接动词原形，“原谅”对应的英文单词是forgive，故填forgive。 19．People think ________ (不同地) about this problem. 【答案】differently 【详解】句意：人们对这个问题有不同的看法。根据中文提示“不同地”以及句中动词think可知，这里需要用副词形式修饰动词，“differently（不同地）”符合语境及语法要求。 20．The ________ (目的) of the meeting is to solve the problem. 【答案】purpose 【详解】句意：这次会议的目的是解决问题。空格前为“The”，空格后为介词“of”，需用名词作主语，表示“目的”的名词是purpose，谓语为“is”，主语用单数形式，the purpose of...“……的目的”，符合语境。 三、完成句子 21．我为我说过的话感到抱歉，我想收回它。 I’m sorry for what I said. I want to ________ ________ my words. 【答案】 take back 【详解】原句中“收回”是关键词，表示“收回”的短语是take back。本句中“want to”后接动词原形，因此直接填入短语原形即可。 22．想要赢得比赛，我们需要齐心协力。 We need to ________ ________ if we want to win the game. 【答案】 work together 【详解】原句中“齐心协力”是关键词，对应的英文固定短语为work together；句中need to为固定搭配，后接动词原形，因此①填work，②填together。 23．比赛输了之后，他闷闷不乐了很久。 He ________ ________ for a long time after losing the game. 【答案】 was upset 【详解】原句中“闷闷不乐”是关键词，表示“闷闷不乐”的短语是be upset，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语为“He”，be动词用was。 24．别对他太苛刻，他只是个孩子。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ him. He is just a kid. 【答案】 be too hard on 【详解】原句中“对……太苛刻”是关键词，表示“对……太苛刻”的短语是be too hard on，本句为否定祈使句，“Don’t”后需接动词原形。 25．如果出了差错，别灰心——这是成长的一部分。 Don’t lose heart if something ________ ________—it’s part of growing up. 【答案】 goes wrong 【详解】原句中“出了差错”是关键词，表示“出错；出差错”的短语是go wrong。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来；主语“something”是不定代词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，因此“go”要变为“goes”。 26．She is too shy to speak in front of the class. (改为同义句) She is __________ shy __________ she can’t speak in front of the class. 【答案】 so that 【详解】原句意为“她太害羞了，不敢在全班面前讲话”。由关键结构too+形容词+to do sth意为“太……而不能……”，可知so/such... that+否定句“如此……以至于不……”可以表达相同含义。so后接形容词，such后接名词，所以答案应填so；that。 27．当这种情况发生时，我会感到担忧并情绪低落。 When it happens, I feel worried and stay ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 in low spirits 【详解】原句中“情绪低落”是关键词，表示“情绪低落”的短语是in low spirits。 28．我会唱歌，也会跳舞。 I can sing, and I can dance ________ ________. 【答案】 as well 【详解】原句中“也”是关键词，表示“也”且用于句末的短语是as well。因此填as well。 29．虽然一周后任务结束了，但莉莉依然每个月都拜访安娜。 ________ _______ the task was over after a week, Lily still visited Anna every month. 【答案】 Even though 【详解】原句中“虽然”是关键词，对应的常用引导让步状语从句的连词为even though，句首首字母大写。 30．她把蛋糕切成两半和朋友们分享。 She _________ the cake _________ _________ to share with her friends. 【答案】 cut in half 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“把……切成两半”cut…in half，句子描述的是发生过的事情，句子应用一般过去时，cut的过去式是cut。 四、短文填空 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you want to run away from the world for a while? Everyone needs to take time out sometimes. 31 (make) your own quiet space or a calm-down corner will help. It 32 (provide) you with somewhere to go when you want to relax. A calm-down corner can make you become less 33 (worry). It can be anywhere that lets you spend time by 34 (you) and take a small break alone. If you’re feeling angry or upset, the 35 (relax) time can calm your thoughts and let you think more clearly. Studies show that this can help you feel less stressed and sleep much 36 (good) at night. Calm down, corners are a great way to help you solve problems and think up fresh ideas. How can we make a calm-down corner? First, choose 37 area. It could be a favorite chair, or a 38 (sun) window seat or a small space of a room. Make it comfortable by adding pillows (枕头). Next, choose a style and decorate your space with drawings, pictures or photos of friends, family or pets. Most importantly, make a screen-free space and fill a basket 39 things you can reach for, such as coloring books or a favorite soft toy. Why not have a try? Just 40 the English saying goes, “Keep calm”. 【答案】 31．Making 32．provides 33．worried 34．yourself 35．relaxing 36．better 37．an 38．sunny 39．with 40．as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“冷静角落”的概念及其益处，并提供了创建这样一个个人空间的具体步骤，鼓励人们通过这种方式放松身心。 【详解】31．句意：打造你自己的安静空间或冷静角落会有所帮助。根据句子结构，此处缺主语，应用动名词短语作主语。make的动名词是making，句首首字母大写。 32．句意：它给你提供一个当你想要放松时可以去的地方。根据上下文可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语“It”为第三人称单数，provide的第三人称单数是provides。 33．句意：一个冷静角落可以让你变得不那么焦虑。根据句子结构，此处位于become之后，需填形容词作表语，由you可知，应填形容词是worried。 34．句意：它可以是任何让你独处、独自小憩的地方。根据“by oneself”固定搭配可知，此处应用反身代词。you的反身代词是yourself。 35．句意：如果你感到生气或难过，放松的时间可以让你平静思绪，让你更清楚地思考。此处需填形容词作定语修饰名词“time”，表示“放松的”。relax的形容词是relaxing。 36．句意：研究表明，这可以帮助你减轻压力，晚上睡得更好。此处表示“睡得更好”，应用副词比较级修饰动词“sleep”。well的比较级是better。 37．句意：首先，选择一个区域。此处表示泛指“一个”区域，且“area”以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 38．句意：它可以是一个最喜欢的椅子，或者一个洒满阳光的窗边座位。根据名词“window seat”可知，此处需填形容词作定语，表示“阳光充足的”。sun的形容词是sunny。 39．句意：最重要的是，创造一个无屏幕的空间，并在篮子里装满你可以伸手拿到的东西，比如彩色画册或者一个最爱的毛绒玩具。固定搭配fill...with...“用……装满……”，此处应用介词with。 40．句意：正如英语谚语所说，“保持冷静”。此处表示“正如”谚语所说，应用as。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 What can you do to help yourself get out of stress or worry? If you’re an artist, you can keep making art. And if you are not an artist, now is the time to take up an article hobby such as drawing or painting. It is never too late 41 (start). Everyone can do it. If you can hold a brush or crayon, you can create art. Creating art heals (治愈) not only the mind and spirit 42 also the body. When you draw or paint, your breathing slows, your blood pressure lowers, and your mind lets go of daily problems. It not only relaxes you but also brings a feeling of 43 (joyful). Making art also allows you to play and try out new materials and methods. It also lets you express pleasure by 44 (show) beauty, and creating art provides you a special chance to express your anger or upset, as well as your personal ideas. Although the process of making art is 45 most important part of all, your finished product is important too. Your painting or drawing will remind you 46 the lessons you learned while making it, and you may feel energetic just by looking at it. If you don’t know how to begin, here are some ways to start creating art. If 47 (possibly), prepare a small table with your 48 (brush) and watercolours. So you can draw or paint what you like whenever you get inspiration (灵感). Without thinking much about it, just choose colours that you like and start painting with 49 (their). Enjoying the colours and working on the colours will give you something happy rather 50 the stresses of your daily life. 【答案】 41．to start 42．but 43．joy 44．showing 45．the 46．of 47．possible 48．brushes 49．them 50．than 【导语】本文主要介绍了通过绘画等艺术创作来缓解压力、治愈身心的方法，以及如何开始艺术创作的建议。 【详解】41．句意：如果你不是艺术家，现在是时候开始一项艺术爱好了，比如绘画或涂色。永远都不会太晚去开始。根据固定句型It is never too late to do sth.“做某事永远不会太晚”，此处需要用动词不定式to start。故填to start。 42．句意：创作艺术不仅能治愈心灵和精神，还能治愈身体。根据固定搭配not only ... but also ...“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 43．句意：它不仅能让你放松，还能带来愉悦的感觉。根据“a feeling of + 名词”的结构，需要将形容词joyful 转换为名词形式joy。故填joy。 44．句意：它还能让你通过展现美来表达愉悦。根据介词by后接动名词的用法，动词show需变为动名词形式showing。故填showing。 45．句意：尽管创作的过程是最重要的部分，但你完成的作品也很重要。根据形容词最高级most important前需加定冠词the的规则，此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 46．句意：你的画会提醒你在创作中学到的教训。根据固定搭配remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”，此处应填of。故填of。 47．句意：如果可能的话，准备一张小桌子，放上你的画笔和水彩。根据固定短语if possible“如果可能的话”，此处应填possible。故填possible。 48．句意：如果可能的话，准备一张小桌子，放上你的画笔和水彩。根据后文的“watercolours”可知，此处brush需用复数形式brushes。故填brushes。 49．句意：不要想太多，选择你喜欢的颜色，然后开始用它们画画。根据介词with后接宾格代词的用法，主格they需变为宾格形式them。故填them。 50．句意：享受色彩、创作色彩会给你带来快乐，而不是日常生活的压力。根据固定搭配rather than“而不是”，此处应填than。故填than。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $