第03讲 Unit 2 Stay Healthy（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第03讲 Unit 2 Stay Healthy （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握身体病痛、健康习惯词汇；会用句型询问病情、提健康建议；掌握两大语法：情态动词should/could表建议、反身代词。 2. 技能：听懂健康话题对话，能角色扮演描述不适、给出护理建议；能读懂健康短文，简单写作健康生活方式。 3. 情感：学会关心他人身体，树立科学、规律的健康生活意识。 学习重点 1. 词汇：headache、stomachache、sore throat、hurt oneself、health/healthy变形；stay healthy、take medicine、have a rest等短语。 2. 句型 —What’s the matter? / What’s wrong? —I have a… / I hurt myself. —You should… / You shouldn’t… / You could… 3. 语法 ① should/could 提建议（should表应当，could语气委婉） ② 反身代词myself/yourself/himself等，搭配hurt oneself、by oneself。 学习难点 1. 区分 sore+部位（sore throat）与 …ache（headache）两种病痛表达。 2. 反身代词人称、单复数与主语统一，熟练运用在受伤、独处场景。 3. 灵活区分should、could语气差异，在真实对话中合理给出个性化健康建议。 4. 读懂急救、健康习惯类长文本，梳理信息并完成简短健康主题写作。 1. pack v. 打包；收拾 n. 背包；一包 【词形转换】 packed adj. 挤满的；打包好的 packer n. 打包工人 packing n. 打包；包装 【详解】 (1) pack up 收拾行李 (2) pack sth. into sth. 把某物装进某物 (3) a pack of 一包/一盒 【写作佳句】 I am packing up my clothes, and this pack of snacks is packed into my schoolbag. 我正在收拾衣服，这包零食已经装进我的书包里了。 【典例】 Please ______ (收拾行李) before we leave for the trip. 【即练1】 ① He ______ (把书本装进) his schoolbag every morning. 【即练2】 ② There is a ______ (一包) candies on the desk. 【即练3】 ③ The train was ______ (挤满的) with travelers. 2. invite v. 邀请 【词形转换】 invitation n. 邀请；邀请函 invited adj. 被邀请的 【详解】 (1) invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 (2) invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 (3) an invitation to ……的邀请函 【写作佳句】 She sent me an invitation and invited me to join her birthday party. 她给我发了邀请函，邀请我参加她的生日派对。 【典例】 My friend ______ (邀请我去) his new house last Sunday. 【即练1】 ① Thank you for your ______ (邀请函). 【即练2】 ② They invite us ______ (观看) the football match. 【即练3】 ③ All the ______ (被邀请的) guests arrived on time. 3. arrival n. 到达 【词形转换】 arrive v. 到达 arrived adj. 抵达的 【详解】 (1) arrive at + 小地点 到达（车站、商店） (2) arrive in + 大地点 到达（城市、国家） (3) on arrival 一到达 【写作佳句】 On arrival at the station, we found our friends had already arrived in this city. 一到车站，我们就发现朋友们早已抵达这座城市。 【典例】 ______ (一到达) the hotel, we put down our bags. 【即练1】 ① He will ______ (到达) Beijing tomorrow morning. 【即练2】 ② We ______ (抵达) the park at three o’clock yesterday. 【即练3】 The ______ (到达) of the bus made everyone excited. 4. add v. 添加；增加 【词形转换】 addition n. 添加；加法 additional adj. 额外的 【详解】 (1) add sth. to sth. 把某物加到某物里 (2) add up 合计；加起来 (3) in addition 此外；另外 【写作佳句】 Add some sugar to the water, and in addition, you can add up all the numbers. 往水里加点糖，此外，你可以把所有数字加起来。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (把盐加入) the soup too much. 【即练1】 ① ______ (此外), we need some additional paper. 【即练2】 ② Please ______ (合计) these costs for me. 【即练3】 We need some ______ (额外的) chairs for the party. 5. borrow v. 借（借入） 【词形转换】 borrowed adj. 借来的 反义词：lend v. 借出 【详解】 (1) borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 (2) borrow books from the library 从图书馆借书 【写作佳句】 I borrowed a storybook from Tom, and this borrowed book is very interesting. 我向汤姆借了一本故事书，这本借来的书十分好看。 【典例】 Can I ______ (借一支钢笔) from you? 【即练1】 ① Students can ______ (借书) the library every day. 【即练2】 ② This notebook is ______ (借来的), not mine. 【即练3】 I often borrow magazines ______ my deskmate. 6. plan v. & n. 计划；打算 【词形转换】 planned adj. 有计划的 planning n. 规划；筹备 【详解】 (1) plan to do sth. 计划做某事 (2) make a plan 制定计划 (3) travel plan 旅行计划 【写作佳句】 We make a travel plan and plan to visit the museum this weekend. 我们制定了旅行计划，打算这周末去参观博物馆。 【典例】 My parents ______ (计划去) climb mountains this holiday. 【即练1】 ① Let’s ______ (制定计划) for the school trip. 【即练2】 All our activities are well ______ (有计划的). 【即练3】 The ______ (筹备) of the party takes much time. 7. dead adj. 死的；无生命的 【词形转换】 die v. 死亡 death n. 死亡 dying adj. 垂死的 【详解】 (1) be dead 死去（状态，可接时间段） (2) die out 灭绝 (3) a dead tree 枯树 【写作佳句】 The old dog died last year; it has been dead for a year, and we all cried for its death. 那条老狗去年去世了，它已经离开我们一年，我们都为它的离去落泪。 【典例】 The little bird ______ (死去) three days ago. 【即练1】 ① The old man has ______ (去世) for ten years. 【即练2】 ② We are sad about his ______ (死亡). 【即练3】 That ______ (垂死的) cat needs our help. 8. familiar adj. 熟悉的 【词形转换】 familiarly adv. 熟悉地；随便地 反义词：unfamiliar adj. 陌生的 【详解】 (1) be familiar with sth./sb. 某人熟悉某物/某人 (2) be familiar to sb. 某物/某人被某人熟知 【写作佳句】 I am familiar with this familiar song, and it is familiar to all my classmates. 我熟悉这首耳熟能详的歌，我的同学们也都听过。 【典例】 This beautiful song ______ (被我熟知). 【即练1】 ① Are you ______ (熟悉) the rules of this game? 【即练2】 ② The new street is ______ (陌生的) to me. 【即练3】 He talked ______ (随便地) with his old friend. 9. several adj. & pron. 几个；数个 【词形转换】 无变形，同义短语：a few 几个 【详解】 (1) several + 可数名词复数 几个…… (2) several times 好几次 【写作佳句】 I have read this novel several times, and several students in my class like it too. 这本小说我读了好几遍，班里好几个同学也很喜欢。 【典例】 ______ (几个) birds are singing in the tree. 【即练1】 ① She has ______ (几个) pen pals in other cities. 【即练2】 I have met him ______ (好几次) before. 10. writer n. 作家；作者 【词形转换】 write v. 写；写作 written adj. 书面的 writing n. 写作；文字 【详解】 (1) write down 写下；记下 (2) write a story 写故事 (3) a famous writer 著名作家 【写作佳句】 This famous writer likes writing novels and writes down his ideas every night. 这位知名作家喜欢写小说，每晚都会记下自己的灵感。 【典例】 Lu Xun is a great ______ (作家) in Chinese history. 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (写下) your name on the paper. 【即练2】 ______ (写作) is my favorite hobby. 【即练3】 We need a ______ (书面的) plan for the activity. 11. describe v. 描述；描绘 【词形转换】 description n. 描述；说明 descriptive adj. 描述性的 【详解】 (1) describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物 (2) give a description of 描述…… 【写作佳句】 Can you describe your pet dog to me? I want a clear description of it. 你能跟我描述一下你的宠物狗吗？我想要一段清晰的描述。 【典例】 She ______ (向我描述) her trip to the seaside yesterday. 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (描述) your favorite teacher. 【即练2】 Can you give a ______ (描述) of your hometown? 【即练3】 This is a ______ (描述性的) article about spring. 12. joy n. 喜悦；快乐 【词形转换】 joyful adj. 快乐的；喜悦的 joyfully adv. 高兴地 【详解】 (1) full of joy 充满喜悦 (2) to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 【写作佳句】 To my joy, the joyful children laughed joyfully, and the room was full of joy. 令我开心的是，快乐的孩子们开心地笑着，屋子里满是欢声笑语。 【典例】 ______ (令我高兴的是), I passed all my exams. 【即练1】 ① Her face is ______ (充满喜悦) when she sees flowers. 【即练2】 We have a ______ (快乐的) party tonight. 【即练3】 They cheered ______ (高兴地) after winning the game. 13. decorate v. 装饰；装潢 【词形转换】 decoration n. 装饰品；装饰 decorative adj. 装饰性的 【详解】 (1) decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物 (2) Christmas decorations 圣诞装饰品 【写作佳句】 We decorate the room with colorful decorations, and these decorative lights look beautiful. 我们用彩色装饰品布置房间，这些装饰灯看起来很漂亮。 【典例】 People usually ______ (装饰圣诞树) with lights before Christmas. 【即练1】 ① She ______ (用鲜花装饰) her bedroom every spring. 【即练2】 We bought many ______ (装饰品) for the New Year. 【即练3】 There are some ______ (装饰性的) pictures on the wall. 14. cover v. 遮盖；覆盖 n. 封面；盖子 【词形转换】 covered adj. 被覆盖的 covering n. 覆盖物 【详解】 (1) cover sth. with sth. 用某物盖住某物 (2) be covered with 被……覆盖 (3) book cover 书的封面 【写作佳句】 Cover the bowl with a cloth, and the ground is covered with white snow in winter. 用一块布盖住碗，冬天大地会被白雪覆盖。 【典例】 The table ______ (被……覆盖) a piece of clean cloth. 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (盖住) the food to keep it warm. 【即练2】 I like the blue ______ (封面) of this storybook. 【即练3】 The hills are ______ (被覆盖的) green trees. 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We should learn to look after ________ (we) when our parents are not at home. 2．Then you feel as happy as before, and you will have a ________ (health) mind. 3．The weather is always ________ (change). It can be sunny in the morning but rainy in the afternoon. 4．She usually kept several sharp ________ (knife) in their kitchen to cut different ingredients. 5．To keep healthy, my father made a decision to give up ________ (smoke). 6．Nothing is more important than people’s ________ (safe) and health. 7．I have a slight fever and a ________ (run) nose. 8．The ________ (scare) movie made her hide behind the sofa. 9．Air pollution causes ________ (harmful) to everyone’s health. 10．When the fire alarm rang, the students were _______ (shock) and rushed outside. 二、单词拼写 11．My legs feel ________ (疼痛的) after running. 12．When she woke up, her leg still ________ (流血). 13．We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the ________ (环境). 14．Don’t ________ (扔) them away. We can give them to the children in need. 15．It is careless of you to send the message to the wrong person without ________ (检查). 16．These ________ (药丸) are supposed to be taken only twice a day. More than that is dangerous. 17．Mike ________ (横过) the river by boat every day. 18．Eric did well in the maths ________ (测验) and his teacher praised him. 19．He felt ________ (紧张的) and couldn’t say a single word. 20．Look! The building is ________ (燃烧) and smoke is rising. 三、完成句子 21．他的朋友们立即行动，把他送到了医院。 His friends ________ into ________ and took him to the hospital at once. 22．上周日，朱莉邀请马克和露西去她家吃午饭。 Julie ________ Mark and Lucy to her house for ________ last Sunday. 23．在吃饭过程中，马克开始感觉奇怪。 In the ________ of the meal, Mark started to feel ________. 24．医生给了他一些药。 The doctor ________ him some ________. 25．The bad news hit me hard. (改为否定句) The bad news _________ _________ me hard. 26．从现在起，我会每天运动半小时。    ________ ________ ________, I will exercise for half an hour every day. 27．为了保持健康，我们应该每天喝足够的水并补充水分。 To keep healthy, we should drink enough water and ________ ________ every day. 28．本在篮球比赛中摔倒了。 Ben ________ during a ________ game. 29．海伦说她感觉不舒服。 Helen said she didn’t ________ ________. 30．干草在炎热的天气下能轻易地着火。 The dry grass can easily ________ ________ in hot weather. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring is 31 pretty season full of life, but it also brings some common diseases. One normal spring disease is the flu. In spring, the flu virus gets more active, so it can spread (传播) 32 (quick) if we’re not careful. 33 (keep) away from the flu, we could avoid 34 (stay) up late. Allergies are also very common in spring. The pollen (花粉) in the air might make people allergic, especially if they are 35 (care) about protecting themselves outdoors. People allergic to pollen may experience many uncomfortable symptoms. They might have red eyes, a 36 (run) nose, and sneezing. To avoid allergies, it’s wise to go out less 37 pollen levels are high. Another problem is that spring is a time when germs grow fast. Stomach problems can happen if we don’t pay attention to food 38 (safe). Washing hands frequently and eating fresh food can stop germs 39 making us sick. If we follow these things above, we can take good care of 40 (we). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In life, we never know when we might face danger. When we deal with 41 dangerous situation, a clear mind and a brave heart are very important. One Saturday, 11-year-old Yang Yixin, from Changsha, visited her grandma in a village. That afternoon, Yang smelled something 42 (burn). She ran outside and found the neighbour’s house on fire. She shouted, “Is there anybody inside?” After realizing no one was in the house, she made a 43 (decide) to tell her family about the fire, and she used her grandma’s phone to call 119. Yang’s family also realized there was a risk because of the dry firewood (柴火) behind the neighbour’s house. What was 44 (bad), a forest was not far away. 45 the fire spread (扩散), it would cause a forest fire. They 46 (manage) to move the firewood to a safe place. Before long, firemen arrived and put out the fire. How did the fire happen? The neighbour cooked meat at home that afternoon. He was so 47 (care) that he left without turning off the heat. Yang’s quick action stopped a bigger disaster 48 happening. The villagers sent a thank-you letter to Yang’s school 49 (express) their thanks. Yang said, “I just did what I could do. I’m glad no one was hurt.” Later, the school invited the firemen to give a lesson about fire 50 (safe). Yang and other students learned a lot and thought it was useful. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第03讲 Unit 2 Stay Healthy （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 语言：掌握身体病痛、健康习惯词汇；会用句型询问病情、提健康建议；掌握两大语法：情态动词should/could表建议、反身代词。 2. 技能：听懂健康话题对话，能角色扮演描述不适、给出护理建议；能读懂健康短文，简单写作健康生活方式。 3. 情感：学会关心他人身体，树立科学、规律的健康生活意识。 学习重点 1. 词汇：headache、stomachache、sore throat、hurt oneself、health/healthy变形；stay healthy、take medicine、have a rest等短语。 2. 句型 —What’s the matter? / What’s wrong? —I have a… / I hurt myself. —You should… / You shouldn’t… / You could… 3. 语法 ① should/could 提建议（should表应当，could语气委婉） ② 反身代词myself/yourself/himself等，搭配hurt oneself、by oneself。 学习难点 1. 区分 sore+部位（sore throat）与 …ache（headache）两种病痛表达。 2. 反身代词人称、单复数与主语统一，熟练运用在受伤、独处场景。 3. 灵活区分should、could语气差异，在真实对话中合理给出个性化健康建议。 4. 读懂急救、健康习惯类长文本，梳理信息并完成简短健康主题写作。 1. pack v. 打包；收拾 n. 背包；一包 【词形转换】 packed adj. 挤满的；打包好的 packer n. 打包工人 packing n. 打包；包装 【详解】 (1) pack up 收拾行李 (2) pack sth. into sth. 把某物装进某物 (3) a pack of 一包/一盒 【写作佳句】 I am packing up my clothes, and this pack of snacks is packed into my schoolbag. 我正在收拾衣服，这包零食已经装进我的书包里了。 【典例】 Please ______ (收拾行李) before we leave for the trip. 【答案】pack up 【即练1】 ① He ______ (把书本装进) his schoolbag every morning. 【即练2】 ② There is a ______ (一包) candies on the desk. 【即练3】 ③ The train was ______ (挤满的) with travelers. 【答案】① packs books into ② pack of ③ packed 2. invite v. 邀请 【词形转换】 invitation n. 邀请；邀请函 invited adj. 被邀请的 【详解】 (1) invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 (2) invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 (3) an invitation to ……的邀请函 【写作佳句】 She sent me an invitation and invited me to join her birthday party. 她给我发了邀请函，邀请我参加她的生日派对。 【典例】 My friend ______ (邀请我去) his new house last Sunday. 【答案】invited me to 【即练1】 ① Thank you for your ______ (邀请函). 【即练2】 ② They invite us ______ (观看) the football match. 【即练3】 ③ All the ______ (被邀请的) guests arrived on time. 【答案】① invitation ② to watch ③ invited 3. arrival n. 到达 【词形转换】 arrive v. 到达 arrived adj. 抵达的 【详解】 (1) arrive at + 小地点 到达（车站、商店） (2) arrive in + 大地点 到达（城市、国家） (3) on arrival 一到达 【写作佳句】 On arrival at the station, we found our friends had already arrived in this city. 一到车站，我们就发现朋友们早已抵达这座城市。 【典例】 ______ (一到达) the hotel, we put down our bags. 【答案】On arrival at 【即练1】 ① He will ______ (到达) Beijing tomorrow morning. 【即练2】 ② We ______ (抵达) the park at three o’clock yesterday. 【即练3】 The ______ (到达) of the bus made everyone excited. 【答案】① arrive in ② arrived at ③ arrival 4. add v. 添加；增加 【词形转换】 addition n. 添加；加法 additional adj. 额外的 【详解】 (1) add sth. to sth. 把某物加到某物里 (2) add up 合计；加起来 (3) in addition 此外；另外 【写作佳句】 Add some sugar to the water, and in addition, you can add up all the numbers. 往水里加点糖，此外，你可以把所有数字加起来。 【典例】 Don’t ______ (把盐加入) the soup too much. 【答案】add salt to 【即练1】 ① ______ (此外), we need some additional paper. 【即练2】 ② Please ______ (合计) these costs for me. 【即练3】 We need some ______ (额外的) chairs for the party. 【答案】① In addition ② add up ③ additional 5. borrow v. 借（借入） 【词形转换】 borrowed adj. 借来的 反义词：lend v. 借出 【详解】 (1) borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 (2) borrow books from the library 从图书馆借书 【写作佳句】 I borrowed a storybook from Tom, and this borrowed book is very interesting. 我向汤姆借了一本故事书，这本借来的书十分好看。 【典例】 Can I ______ (借一支钢笔) from you? 【答案】borrow a pen 【即练1】 ① Students can ______ (借书) the library every day. 【即练2】 ② This notebook is ______ (借来的), not mine. 【即练3】 I often borrow magazines ______ my deskmate. 【答案】① borrow books from ② borrowed ③ from 6. plan v. & n. 计划；打算 【词形转换】 planned adj. 有计划的 planning n. 规划；筹备 【详解】 (1) plan to do sth. 计划做某事 (2) make a plan 制定计划 (3) travel plan 旅行计划 【写作佳句】 We make a travel plan and plan to visit the museum this weekend. 我们制定了旅行计划，打算这周末去参观博物馆。 【典例】 My parents ______ (计划去) climb mountains this holiday. 【答案】plan to go 【即练1】 ① Let’s ______ (制定计划) for the school trip. 【即练2】 All our activities are well ______ (有计划的). 【即练3】 The ______ (筹备) of the party takes much time. 【答案】① make a plan ② planned ③ planning 7. dead adj. 死的；无生命的 【词形转换】 die v. 死亡 death n. 死亡 dying adj. 垂死的 【详解】 (1) be dead 死去（状态，可接时间段） (2) die out 灭绝 (3) a dead tree 枯树 【写作佳句】 The old dog died last year; it has been dead for a year, and we all cried for its death. 那条老狗去年去世了，它已经离开我们一年，我们都为它的离去落泪。 【典例】 The little bird ______ (死去) three days ago. 【答案】died 【即练1】 ① The old man has ______ (去世) for ten years. 【即练2】 ② We are sad about his ______ (死亡). 【即练3】 That ______ (垂死的) cat needs our help. 【答案】① been dead ② death ③ dying 8. familiar adj. 熟悉的 【词形转换】 familiarly adv. 熟悉地；随便地 反义词：unfamiliar adj. 陌生的 【详解】 (1) be familiar with sth./sb. 某人熟悉某物/某人 (2) be familiar to sb. 某物/某人被某人熟知 【写作佳句】 I am familiar with this familiar song, and it is familiar to all my classmates. 我熟悉这首耳熟能详的歌，我的同学们也都听过。 【典例】 This beautiful song ______ (被我熟知). 【答案】is familiar to me 【即练1】 ① Are you ______ (熟悉) the rules of this game? 【即练2】 ② The new street is ______ (陌生的) to me. 【即练3】 He talked ______ (随便地) with his old friend. 【答案】① familiar with ② unfamiliar ③ familiarly 9. several adj. & pron. 几个；数个 【词形转换】 无变形，同义短语：a few 几个 【详解】 (1) several + 可数名词复数 几个…… (2) several times 好几次 【写作佳句】 I have read this novel several times, and several students in my class like it too. 这本小说我读了好几遍，班里好几个同学也很喜欢。 【典例】 ______ (几个) birds are singing in the tree. 【答案】Several 【即练1】 ① She has ______ (几个) pen pals in other cities. 【即练2】 I have met him ______ (好几次) before. 【答案】① several ② several times 10. writer n. 作家；作者 【词形转换】 write v. 写；写作 written adj. 书面的 writing n. 写作；文字 【详解】 (1) write down 写下；记下 (2) write a story 写故事 (3) a famous writer 著名作家 【写作佳句】 This famous writer likes writing novels and writes down his ideas every night. 这位知名作家喜欢写小说，每晚都会记下自己的灵感。 【典例】 Lu Xun is a great ______ (作家) in Chinese history. 【答案】writer 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (写下) your name on the paper. 【即练2】 ______ (写作) is my favorite hobby. 【即练3】 We need a ______ (书面的) plan for the activity. 【答案】① write down ② Writing ③ written 11. describe v. 描述；描绘 【词形转换】 description n. 描述；说明 descriptive adj. 描述性的 【详解】 (1) describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物 (2) give a description of 描述…… 【写作佳句】 Can you describe your pet dog to me? I want a clear description of it. 你能跟我描述一下你的宠物狗吗？我想要一段清晰的描述。 【典例】 She ______ (向我描述) her trip to the seaside yesterday. 【答案】described to me 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (描述) your favorite teacher. 【即练2】 Can you give a ______ (描述) of your hometown? 【即练3】 This is a ______ (描述性的) article about spring. 【答案】① describe ② description ③ descriptive 12. joy n. 喜悦；快乐 【词形转换】 joyful adj. 快乐的；喜悦的 joyfully adv. 高兴地 【详解】 (1) full of joy 充满喜悦 (2) to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 【写作佳句】 To my joy, the joyful children laughed joyfully, and the room was full of joy. 令我开心的是，快乐的孩子们开心地笑着，屋子里满是欢声笑语。 【典例】 ______ (令我高兴的是), I passed all my exams. 【答案】To my joy 【即练1】 ① Her face is ______ (充满喜悦) when she sees flowers. 【即练2】 We have a ______ (快乐的) party tonight. 【即练3】 They cheered ______ (高兴地) after winning the game. 【答案】① full of joy ② joyful ③ joyfully 13. decorate v. 装饰；装潢 【词形转换】 decoration n. 装饰品；装饰 decorative adj. 装饰性的 【详解】 (1) decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物 (2) Christmas decorations 圣诞装饰品 【写作佳句】 We decorate the room with colorful decorations, and these decorative lights look beautiful. 我们用彩色装饰品布置房间，这些装饰灯看起来很漂亮。 【典例】 People usually ______ (装饰圣诞树) with lights before Christmas. 【答案】decorate Christmas trees 【即练1】 ① She ______ (用鲜花装饰) her bedroom every spring. 【即练2】 We bought many ______ (装饰品) for the New Year. 【即练3】 There are some ______ (装饰性的) pictures on the wall. 【答案】① decorates her bedroom with flowers ② decorations ③ decorative 14. cover v. 遮盖；覆盖 n. 封面；盖子 【词形转换】 covered adj. 被覆盖的 covering n. 覆盖物 【详解】 (1) cover sth. with sth. 用某物盖住某物 (2) be covered with 被……覆盖 (3) book cover 书的封面 【写作佳句】 Cover the bowl with a cloth, and the ground is covered with white snow in winter. 用一块布盖住碗，冬天大地会被白雪覆盖。 【典例】 The table ______ (被……覆盖) a piece of clean cloth. 【答案】is covered with 【即练1】 ① Please ______ (盖住) the food to keep it warm. 【即练2】 I like the blue ______ (封面) of this storybook. 【即练3】 The hills are ______ (被覆盖的) green trees. 【答案】① cover ② cover ③ covered with 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We should learn to look after ________ (we) when our parents are not at home. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：当父母不在家时，我们应该学会照顾自己。look after oneself是固定搭配，意为“照顾自己”；主语是we，对应的反身代词为ourselves。 2．Then you feel as happy as before, and you will have a ________ (health) mind. 【答案】healthy 【详解】句意：然后你会像以前一样快乐，你会有一个健康的头脑。health意为“健康”，是名词，空后的“mind”是名词，其前用形容词修饰，health的形容词是healthy，意为“健康的”。在句中作定语。 3．The weather is always ________ (change). It can be sunny in the morning but rainy in the afternoon. 【答案】changeable 【详解】句意：天气总是多变的，早上晴天下午就可能下雨。is后面需要用形容词作表语，表达“易变的、多变的”含义，change的形容词形式为changeable。 4．She usually kept several sharp ________ (knife) in their kitchen to cut different ingredients. 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：她通常会在厨房里放几把锋利的刀，用来切不同的食材。knife“刀”，可数名词；several修饰可数名词复数，此处应填复数名词knives。 5．To keep healthy, my father made a decision to give up ________ (smoke). 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我的父亲决定戒烟。smoke意为“吸烟”，是动词。give up为固定短语，意为“放弃”，其中up是介词，后接动名词作宾语。 6．Nothing is more important than people’s ________ (safe) and health. 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：没有什么比人的安全和健康更重要。and并列连接的health是名词，所以填入形容词safe的名词形式safety。 7．I have a slight fever and a ________ (run) nose. 【答案】runny 【详解】句意：我有点发烧，还流鼻涕。run“跑；流动”，句中“nose”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，run的形容词形式是runny，意为“流鼻涕的”。 8．The ________ (scare) movie made her hide behind the sofa. 【答案】scary 【详解】句意：这部恐怖的电影让她躲在了沙发后面。此处修饰名词“movie”，应使用形容词作定语。scare是动词，意为“使害怕”，其形容词形式有scary“令人害怕的”，常用来修饰事物，和scared“感到害怕的”，常用来修饰人。本句中修饰的是事物movie，所以用scary。 9．Air pollution causes ________ (harmful) to everyone’s health. 【答案】harm 【详解】句意：空气污染对每个人的健康都造成危害。此处需要名词作宾语，固定搭配cause harm to…“对……造成伤害”。 10．When the fire alarm rang, the students were _______ (shock) and rushed outside. 【答案】shocked 【详解】句意：当火警响起时，学生们感到震惊，冲了出去。此处指的是学生们感到震惊，shocked“震惊的”，形容词，在句中作表语，修饰人。 二、单词拼写 11．My legs feel ________ (疼痛的) after running. 【答案】sore 【详解】句意：跑步后我的腿感觉疼痛。“疼痛的”sore，此处形容词作表语。 12．When she woke up, her leg still ________ (流血). 【答案】bled 【详解】句意：她醒来时，腿还在流血。“流血”bleed。根据“When she woke up”可知，描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时描述过去的客观事实，此处应用bled，表示 “她醒来时，腿还在流血（过去的状态）”。 13．We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the ________ (环境). 【答案】environment 【详解】句意：我们应该回收塑料瓶来保护环境。中文提示词是“环境”，对应的英文单词是environment；protect the environment是固定搭配，意为“保护环境”。 14．Don’t ________ (扔) them away. We can give them to the children in need. 【答案】throw 【详解】句意：别把它们扔掉，我们可以把它们送给有需要的孩子。throw“扔”是动词，本句为祈使句否定形式，Don’t后用动词原形。 15．It is careless of you to send the message to the wrong person without ________ (检查). 【答案】checking 【详解】句意：你没检查就把消息发给错误的人，太粗心了。应填check的动名词形式checking，作介词without的宾语。 16．These ________ (药丸) are supposed to be taken only twice a day. More than that is dangerous. 【答案】pills 【详解】句意：这些药丸应该一天只服用两次。超过这个剂量是危险的。根据中文提示可知，“药丸”对应的英文是pill，是可数名词，由“These”可知，此处应用名词复数形式pills，在句中作主语。 17．Mike ________ (横过) the river by boat every day. 【答案】crosses 【详解】句意：迈克每天都乘船过这条河。cross“横过”，句中“every day”表明句子应使用一般现在时，主语“Mike”是第三人称单数，用第三人称单数crosses。 18．Eric did well in the maths ________ (测验) and his teacher praised him. 【答案】test 【详解】句意：埃里克数学测验考得很好，老师表扬了他。测验“test”，可数名词，根据句意可知此处指一次数学测验，所以用单数形式。 19．He felt ________ (紧张的) and couldn’t say a single word. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：他感到紧张，一句话也说不出来。根据汉语提示可知，“紧张的”对应的英文单词是nervous，形容词作表语，描述主语“He”的感受。 20．Look! The building is ________ (燃烧) and smoke is rising. 【答案】burning 【详解】句意：看！这栋大楼正在燃烧，浓烟滚滚升起。根据汉语提示可知，burn“燃烧”，“Look!”为现在进行时的标志，应使用burn的现在分词形式。故填burning。 三、完成句子 21．他的朋友们立即行动，把他送到了医院。 His friends ________ into ________ and took him to the hospital at once. 【答案】 swung action 【详解】原句中“立即行动”是关键词。在英语中，表示“迅速采取行动”或“立即行动”的常用短语是swing into action。根据句子后半部分“took him to the hospital...”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。因此，动词swing需要变为过去式swung。故填swung；action。 22．上周日，朱莉邀请马克和露西去她家吃午饭。 Julie ________ Mark and Lucy to her house for ________ last Sunday. 【答案】 invited lunch 【详解】原句中“邀请”和“午饭”是关键词，表示“邀请”的单词是invite，本句描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时，invite的过去式为invited；表示“午饭”的单词是lunch。 23．在吃饭过程中，马克开始感觉奇怪。 In the ________ of the meal, Mark started to feel ________. 【答案】 middle strange 【详解】原句中“过程中”“奇怪”是关键词，“过程中”对应的常用短语是“in the middle of”，“奇怪”对应的常用形容词是“strange”。“in the middle of”用于表示在某事进行的中途，“feel strange”表示感觉奇怪，均符合句子描述吃饭时马克的状态的语境。故填①middle；②strange。 24．医生给了他一些药。 The doctor ________ him some ________. 【答案】 gave medicine 【详解】原句中“给了”和“药”是关键词，表示“给”的单词是give，本句描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave；表示“药”的单词是medicine，为不可数名词。 25．The bad news hit me hard. (改为否定句) The bad news _________ _________ me hard. 【答案】 didn’t hit 【详解】句意：那个坏消息让我深受打击。根据原句中的“hit”可知，句子是一般过去时，其否定形式是在实义动词前加didn’t，并将动词hit还原原形。故填didn’t；hit。 26．从现在起，我会每天运动半小时。    ________ ________ ________, I will exercise for half an hour every day. 【答案】 From now on 【详解】原句中“从现在起”是关键词，from now on“从现在起”，这是一个常用的时间状语短语，用于描述从当前时刻开始往后的时间段。句首字母要大写。 27．为了保持健康，我们应该每天喝足够的水并补充水分。 To keep healthy, we should drink enough water and ________ ________ every day. 【答案】 stay/keep hydrated 【详解】原句中“补充水分”表示保持身体水分充足，在英文中可用固定短语stay hydrated或keep hydrated。should后接动词原形。 28．本在篮球比赛中摔倒了。 Ben ________ during a ________ game. 【答案】 fell basketball 【详解】①处：原句中关键词是“摔倒”，“摔倒”的英文表达为fall，句子描述的是已经发生的事情，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell。②处：原句中关键词是“篮球”，“篮球”的英文表达为 basketball，basketball game意为 “篮球比赛”。 29．海伦说她感觉不舒服。 Helen said she didn’t ________ ________. 【答案】 feel well 【详解】原句中“感觉不舒服”是关键词，用“didn’t feel well”表达，“feel”表示“感觉”，“well”此处指“身体状况好”，“didn’t”后接动词原形。应填feel；well。 30．干草在炎热的天气下能轻易地着火。 The dry grass can easily ________ ________ in hot weather. 【答案】 catch fire 【详解】原句中“着火”是关键词，表示“着火”的动词短语是catch fire。can为情态动词，后接动词原形catch。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring is 31 pretty season full of life, but it also brings some common diseases. One normal spring disease is the flu. In spring, the flu virus gets more active, so it can spread (传播) 32 (quick) if we’re not careful. 33 (keep) away from the flu, we could avoid 34 (stay) up late. Allergies are also very common in spring. The pollen (花粉) in the air might make people allergic, especially if they are 35 (care) about protecting themselves outdoors. People allergic to pollen may experience many uncomfortable symptoms. They might have red eyes, a 36 (run) nose, and sneezing. To avoid allergies, it’s wise to go out less 37 pollen levels are high. Another problem is that spring is a time when germs grow fast. Stomach problems can happen if we don’t pay attention to food 38 (safe). Washing hands frequently and eating fresh food can stop germs 39 making us sick. If we follow these things above, we can take good care of 40 (we). 【答案】 31．a 32．quickly 33．To keep 34．staying 35．careless 36．runny 37．when 38．safety 39．from 40．ourselves 【导语】本文围绕春季常见疾病展开，介绍流感、过敏、肠胃问题等疾病的成因及预防方法。     【详解】31．句意：春天是一个充满生机的美丽季节，但也会带来一些常见疾病。season是可数名词单数，表“一个季节”需用不定冠词；pretty以辅音音素开头，故填a。 32．句意：在春天，流感病毒更活跃，所以如果不小心，它传播得很快。spread是动词，需用副词修饰；quick的副词形式为quickly。 33．句意：为了远离流感，我们可以避免熬夜。“远离流感”是“避免熬夜”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，句首首字母大写，故填To keep。 34．句意：为了远离流感，我们可以避免熬夜。avoid后接动名词作宾语，stay的动名词形式为staying。 35．句意：空气中的花粉可能使人过敏，尤其是在户外不注意保护自己的时候。be动词后需用形容词作表语；结合“过敏”可知是“粗心的”，care的形容词否定形式为careless。 36．句意：他们可能有红眼、流鼻涕和打喷嚏的症状。nose是名词，需用形容词runny修饰；a runny nose固定搭配，指持续流鼻涕的状态。 37．句意：为了避免过敏，当花粉浓度高时，少出门是明智的。此处表“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，故填when。 38．句意：如果我们不注意食品安全，就可能出现胃部问题。food后需接名词；safe的名词形式为safety。 39．句意：经常洗手和吃新鲜食物可以阻止细菌让我们生病。stop...from...是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做……”，故填from。 40．句意：如果我们遵循以上建议，就能照顾好自己。主语是we，对应的反身代词为ourselves。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In life, we never know when we might face danger. When we deal with 41 dangerous situation, a clear mind and a brave heart are very important. One Saturday, 11-year-old Yang Yixin, from Changsha, visited her grandma in a village. That afternoon, Yang smelled something 42 (burn). She ran outside and found the neighbour’s house on fire. She shouted, “Is there anybody inside?” After realizing no one was in the house, she made a 43 (decide) to tell her family about the fire, and she used her grandma’s phone to call 119. Yang’s family also realized there was a risk because of the dry firewood (柴火) behind the neighbour’s house. What was 44 (bad), a forest was not far away. 45 the fire spread (扩散), it would cause a forest fire. They 46 (manage) to move the firewood to a safe place. Before long, firemen arrived and put out the fire. How did the fire happen? The neighbour cooked meat at home that afternoon. He was so 47 (care) that he left without turning off the heat. Yang’s quick action stopped a bigger disaster 48 happening. The villagers sent a thank-you letter to Yang’s school 49 (express) their thanks. Yang said, “I just did what I could do. I’m glad no one was hurt.” Later, the school invited the firemen to give a lesson about fire 50 (safe). Yang and other students learned a lot and thought it was useful. 【答案】 41．a 42．burning 43．decision 44．worse 45．If 46．managed 47．careless 48．from 49．to express 50．safety 【导语】本文讲述了11岁女孩杨依欣在邻居家起火时，沉着冷静地采取行动，避免了一场更大灾难的故事，展现了她的勇敢与机智。 【详解】41．句意：当我们应对一个危险的情况时，清晰的头脑和勇敢的心是非常重要的。“dangerous situation”是单数可数名词，此处泛指遇到危险的情况，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 42．句意：那天下午，杨闻到了什么东西烧焦的味道。“smell something burning”是固定搭配，表示“闻到某物正在燃烧的味道”，用burn的现在分词形式burning。 43．句意：意识到房子里没人后，她决定告诉家人火灾的事，并用奶奶的手机拨打了119。“make a decision”是固定搭配，表示“做决定”，用decide的名词形式decision。 44．句意：更糟糕的是，不远处还有一片森林。“what was worse”是固定表达，表示“更糟糕的是”，用bad的比较级worse。 45．句意：如果火势蔓延，就会引发森林火灾。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，用If，句首首字母大写。 46．句意：他们设法把柴火移到了安全的地方。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，manage的过去式是managed。 47．句意：邻居那天下午在家做饭，他太粗心了，离开时没有关火。“so + 形容词 + that…”是固定结构，此处用care的形容词形式careless，表示“粗心的”。 48．句意：杨的快速行动阻止了一场更大的灾难发生。“stop...from doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“阻止……做某事”，用介词from。 49．句意：村民们给杨的学校寄了一封感谢信来表达他们的谢意。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了表达”，用to express。 50．句意：后来，学校邀请消防员给我们上了一堂关于消防安全的课。“fire safety”是固定搭配，表示“消防安全”，用safe的名词形式safety。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $