Unit 1 Section A 单词、短语、知识点梳理 2026-2027 学年人教版英语九年级英语上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 1 The Changing World”Section A的核心内容，涵盖环境变化、科技发展、社会生活等主题的词汇及短语，搭建从基础词义、短语搭配到用法拓展、语境应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词形转换”“短语搭配”“词形拆分”等方式构建知识体系，如“farmland”拆分为“farm+land”帮助理解合成词，“rough”标注“roughly（adv.）”“roughness（n.）”体现词性关联，结合单元例句强化应用，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“用法拓展及辨析”模块，如“bring”的相关短语对比，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此精准设计教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section A What changes have taken place around you? 序号 单词 短语 用法、拓展及辨析 书上短语及例句 1. P1 bring about 带来；引起 常用搭配：bring about sth 引发/带来某事 bring v. 带来；brought(过去式/过去分词) e. g. The new policy brought about great changes to our hometown. 新政策给我们家乡带来了巨大变化。 · bring的相关动词短语： bring back带回；使回忆起 bring out使显现；使表现出 What brings about changes? 2. P2 rough /rʌf/ adj.崎岖的 Years ago, the roads to the village were rough. 多年前，通往村子的路崎岖不平。 rough road 崎岖小路 rough life 艰苦的生活 【词形转换】roughly adv. 粗略地；大约 roughness n. 粗糙；崎岖 Going to school by bus nearly 40 minutes over rough roads. 3. be covered with 被……覆盖 The ground is covered with thick snow in winter. 冬天地面被厚厚的积雪覆盖。 · cover A with B 用B覆盖A 【词形转换】cover v. 覆盖；n. 封面 covered adj. 被覆盖的 The hills were covered with sand. 4. P3 sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/ n.沙尘暴 Many trees are planted to stop sandstorms. 人们种植大量树木抵御沙尘暴。 heavy sandstorm 强沙尘暴 prevent sandstorms 抵御沙尘暴 【词形转换】sand n. 沙子 sandy adj. 含沙的 storm n. 暴风雨 5. farmland /ˈfɑːmlænd/ n.耕地 We must save farmland for growing crops. 我们必须保护耕地用来种植庄稼。 protect farmland 保护耕地；rich farmland 肥沃耕地 词形拆分：farm n.农场 + land n.土地 farmland shortage 6. shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n.短缺 water shortage 缺水 food shortage 粮食短缺 a shortage of ……的短缺 In the past, there was a shortage of clean drinking water here. 过去这里缺少干净的饮用水。 short adj. 短缺的；短的 shorten v. 缩短 7. lack /læk/ n.缺乏 n. a lack of sth 某物的缺乏 for lack of sth. 由于缺乏某物 v. 及物动词 lack sth 缺少某物 Many villages lacked medical resources years ago. 多年前很多村庄缺少医疗资源。 【词形转换】lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的 be lacking in sth 缺乏某物或某种品质 The team is lacking in experience. 这个团队缺乏经验。 lack of technology 8. bush /bʊʃ/ n.灌木 Birds build their nests in the bushes beside the road. 鸟儿在路边的灌木丛里筑巢。 a bush 一丛灌木 bushes(复数) 【词形转换】bushy adj. 灌木丛生的；浓密的 Locals found a bush. 9. root /ruːt/ n.根 tree roots 树根 put down roots 扎根 · the root of ……的根源 the root of the problem 问题的根源 root v. 生根；扎根 【词形转换】rooted adj. 根深蒂固的 His problems are deeply rooted in his childhood experiences. 他的问题深深植根于他的童年经历。 It had long roots that could hold the soil together. 10. soil /sɔɪl/ n.土壤 Farmers add fertilizer to make the soil better. 农民施肥改良土壤。 rich soil 肥沃土壤 sandy soil 沙土 protect the soil 保护土壤 11. sandy /ˈsændi/ adj.铺满沙子的； 含沙的 This area used to be dry and sandy. 这片区域过去干旱多沙。 They began planting it in sandy areas, with the government’s support. 12. government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n.政府 local government 当地政府 【词形转换】govern v. 统治；管理 He governed the country for over 20 years. 他统治这个国家超过20年。 governor n. 州长；管理者 13. support /səˈpɔːt/ n. & v.支持 support sb/sth 支持某人/某事 give/offer support （to sb.）=provide support （for sb.） （向某人）提供帮助 Have/win/lose one’s support 拥有/赢得/失去某人的支持 with the support of 在……的支持下 【词形转换】supportive adj. 支持的；给予帮助的 supporter n. 支持者 14. corn /kɔːn/ n.玉米；谷物 grow corn 种植玉米 corn field 玉米地 The corn fields are huge. 15. P4 high-tech /ˌhaɪ ˈtek/ adj.高科技的 Many high-tech factories have appeared in our hometown. 我们家乡出现了很多高科技工厂。 high-tech products 高科技产品 high-tech industry 高科技产业 词形拆分：high adj.高级的 + tech=technology n.科技 Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. 16. greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n.温室 Vegetables can grow well in greenhouses all year round. 蔬菜一年四季都能在温室里良好生长。 greenhouse farming 温室种植 greenhouse effect 温室效应 greenhouse gas 温室气体 17. highway /ˈhaɪweɪ/ n.公路 Wide highways connect every town now. 宽阔的公路如今连通了每一个乡镇。 national highway 国道 build highways 修建公路 词形拆分：high adj.高速的 + way n.道路 Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot! 18. railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/ n.铁路 A new railway runs through our city. 一条新铁路穿过我们的城市。 railway station 火车站 railway line 铁路线 词形拆分：rail n.铁轨 + way n.道路 19. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/ n.向往的地方； 吸引力 The lake has become a popular tourist attraction. 这片湖成了热门旅游景点。 tourist attraction 旅游景点 the attraction of... ......的吸引力 have great attraction 极具吸引力 【词形转换】attract v. 吸引 attract one’s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣 attractive adj. 吸引人的 be attractive to sb. 对某人有吸引力 Our village has become a tourist attraction. 20. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n.产品 We send our farm products to other cities by highway. 我们通过公路把农产品运往其他城市。 local products 本地特产 agricultural products 农产品 【词形转换】produce v. 生产；n.农产品 production n. 生产；产量 producer n. 生产者 We can now sell local products to tourists. 21. greatly /ˈɡreɪtli/ adv.大大地；非常 修饰动词，表程度加深 People’s living conditions have greatly improved. 人们的生活条件得到了极大改善。 【词形转换】great adj.巨大的；重大的 greatness n.伟大 Have these changes greatly improved your lives? 22. socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者 socialist society 社会主义社会 【词形转换】socialism n.社会主义 social adj.社会的 society n.社会 Together you are building a new socialist village. 23. e-payment /iːˈpeɪmənt/ n.电子支付 Almost all shops in town accept e-payment now. 镇上几乎所有店铺现在都支持电子支付。 use e-payment 使用电子支付 mobile e-payment 移动电子支付 词形拆分：e-electronic 电子的 + payment n.支付 【词形转换】pay v.支付 pay+钱+for sth. “为某物付多少钱” payable adj.可支付的 payment n. 支付 receive a payment 收到一笔款项 24. housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ n.住房；住宅 The government has solved the housing problem for villagers. 政府解决了村民的住房难题。 housing conditions 住房条件 【词形转换】house n.房屋；v.给……提供住所 The shelter houses homeless people during the winter. 这个庇护所在冬季为无家可归者提供住所。 25. P5 digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj.电子的 digital life 数字生活 digital equipment 数码设备 【词形转换】digitally adv.数字化地 I also read some digital books on the computer. 26. audio /ˈɔːdiəʊ/ adj.音频的 n.音频 audio video 音视频 audio equipment 音频设备 My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can’t see well. 27. dirt /dɜːt/ n.泥土；尘土 The old track was full of dirt after wind. 这条旧小路刮风后满是尘土。 · cover sth. with dirt 用泥土或者污物覆盖某物 · wash off the dirt 洗掉尘土 · wash the dirt off 洗掉污物 She washed the dirt off her hands before dinner. 她在晚餐前洗掉了手上的污物。 【词形转换】dirty adj.脏的；v.弄脏 In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. 28. track /træk/ n.小路；轨道 The narrow dirt track has become a wide highway. 狭窄的泥土小路变成了宽阔的公路。 dirt track 泥土小路 railway track 铁轨 29. wide /waɪd/ adj.宽的；宽阔的 wide road 宽阔的道路 wide view 广阔的视野 【词形转换】widely adv.广泛地 be widely used 广泛使用 width n.宽度 widen v.拓宽 The government has built thousands of kilometers of highways, railways, and wide roads. 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