Unit 5 Learning from Nature Understanding ideas 语法填空-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

**基本信息** 以自然与建筑主题为载体，聚焦语法填空核心考点，通过逐空解析构建从基础搭配到复杂句式的知识网络，提升语言运用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语法|15空（如①In/③for/⑥closely）|固定搭配、词性转换、介词运用|从词汇层面搭建语法基础，强调语境中词法的准确应用| |句式结构|10空（如②that/⑧that/⑰whose）|从句、强调句、非谓语动词|以句法规则为核心，构建“简单句-复合句-特殊句式”的递进逻辑| |语篇应用|12空（如⑬is presented/㊺creating/⓭reduces）|时态语态、逻辑连接、主谓一致|从语篇层面整合语法知识，体现“语法形式-语义功能-语用情境”的统一|

Nature in Architecture 语法填空 试题原文 1 Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. ①______ fact, we are so used to them ②______ we may even take them ③______ granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. When we look at a pine cone, we might think how ④______ it looks like the tiles ⑤______ a roof. An open flower might make us think how ⑥______ (close) it resembles an umbrella. It is natural ⑦______ (think) in this way, but of course it wasn’t the umbrella ⑧______ inspired the flower or the roof ⑨______ inspired the pine cone. 2 Nature has inspired many of the ⑩______ (fascinate) designs around us, including ⑪______ in architecture. From Barcelona’s forest-like Sagrada Família ⑫______ the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube, nature ⑬______ (present) in various architectural designs. Today, architects continue to explore ways ⑭______ (capture) the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature ⑮______ (work) or even ⑯______ (make) natural organisms part of a building. 3 People ⑰______ interest is exploring the relationship ⑱______ art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in ⑲______ it sits. ⑳______ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float ㉑______ the waterfront promenade and the water that ㉒______ (surround) it. Its roof collects rainwater and ㉓______ (channel) it down to a waterfall in the centre of the space. The water then ㉔______ (recycle) through the building’s ㉕______ (plumb) system. Visitors are often amazed to find ㉖______ (they) in ㉗______ urban building ㉘______ so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. 4 The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe, is ㉙______ superb example of biomimicry. To use biomimicry is ㉚______ (create) structures ㉛______ (base) on natural forms and ㉜______ (process). Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce ㉝______ (inspire) to create the Centre while watching a nature ㉞______ (document). The insects built mounds covered in little holes ㉟______ (design) to allow air ㊱______ (move) freely ㊲______ and out of the mounds. ㊳______ a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” ㊴______ (cover) in holes. During the day, warm air ㊵______ (draw) into the building ㊶______ the holes, cooling as it ㊷______ (reach) the middle of the building. At night, the heat ㊸______ (absorb) by the walls during the day ㊹______ (warm) the cool air, ㊺______ (create) a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces the need for traditional air ㊻______ (condition) and ㊼______ (heat) systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less ㊽______ (run). 5 The world’s first algae-⓵______ (power) building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface of the apartment building ⓶______ (cover) in panels that contain algae. The algae ⓷______ (feed) with liquid ⓸______ (nutrient) and carbon dioxide ⓹______ (encourage) them to grow. ⓺______ bright sunshine, they grow ⓻______ (fast) and provide shade. The panels also capture heat ⓼______ the sun and convert it ⓽______ energy that ⓾______ (power) the building. And that’s not all – the algae inside the panels can ⓫______ (harvest) and used to produce fuel. The building therefore not only responds ⓬______ its environment and uses less energy, but also ⓭______ (reduce) damage ⓮______ the environment by generating its own ⓯______ (renew) energy. 6 ⓰______ (create) buildings such as these ⓱______ (enable) us to live ⓲______ closer ⓳______ (harmonious) with our environment. ⓴______ (meet) the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the ㉑______ (simple) organisms can help teach us ㉒______ to achieve this. 参考答案 + 逐空考点解析 第一段（①—⑨） ① In 固定短语 in fact ② that so…that…引导结果状语从句 ③ for take…for granted 视为理所当然 ④ much how much 表程度 ⑤ on 介词搭配 on a roof ⑥ closely 副词修饰动词 ⑦ to think It is + adj. + to do 句型 ⑧ that 强调句型 It was…that… ⑨ that 并列强调句型 第二段（⑩—⑯） ⑩ fascinating 形容词作定语，修饰事物 ⑪ those 代词，指代前文 designs ⑫ to 固定结构 from…to… ⑬ is presented 一般现在时被动语态 ⑭ to capture ways to do sth. 不定式作后置定语 ⑮ works 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ⑯ to make 并列不定式 第三段（⑰—㉘） ⑰ whose 定语从句关系词，表所属关系 ⑱ between 固定搭配 between A and B ⑲ which 介词+关系代词引导定语从句 ⑳ Shaped 过去分词作状语，表被动 ㉑ above 方位介词 ㉒ surrounds 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ㉓ channels 一般现在时并列谓语，三单形式 ㉔ is recycled 一般现在时被动语态 ㉕ plumbing 固定搭配 plumbing system 管道系统 ㉖ themselves 反身代词 ㉗ an 不定冠词，urban 以元音音素开头 ㉘ that 定语从句关系代词，作主语 第四段（㉙—㊽） ㉙ a 不定冠词，表泛指 ㉚ to create 不定式作表语 ㉛ based 过去分词作定语，be based on 固定搭配 ㉜ processes 名词复数，与 forms 并列 ㉝ was inspired 一般过去时被动语态 ㉞ documentary 名词，意为“纪录片” ㉟ designed 过去分词作后置定语，表被动 ㊱ to move allow sth. to do 固定用法 ㊲ in 固定短语 in and out of 进进出出 ㊳ In 固定短语 in a similar way 类似地 ㊴ covered 过去分词作定语 ㊵ is drawn 一般现在时被动语态 ㊶ through 介词，意为“穿过” ㊷ reaches 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ㊸ absorbed 过去分词作后置定语 ㊹ warms 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ㊺ creating 现在分词作结果状语 ㊻ conditioning air conditioning 空调系统 ㊼ heating 动名词作定语 ㊽ to run 固定结构 sth. costs…to do 第五段（⓵—⓯） ⓵ powered 合成形容词 algae-powered ⓶ is covered 一般现在时被动语态 ⓷ are fed 一般现在时被动语态（with 已还原，无设空） ⓸ nutrients 名词复数，表泛指营养物质 ⓹ to encourage 不定式作目的状语 ⓺ In 介词，in bright sunshine 在阳光下 ⓻ faster 形容词比较级 ⓼ from 介词，表来源 ⓽ into 固定搭配 convert…into… ⓾ powers 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ⓫ be harvested 情态动词后接被动语态 ⓬ to 固定搭配 respond to ⓭ reduces 主谓一致，谓语用三单 ⓮ to 固定搭配 damage to ⓯ renewable 形容词作定语，可再生的 第六段（⓰—㉒） ⓰ Creating 动名词作句子主语 ⓱ enables 提示词enable，动名词短语作主语，谓语用三单 ⓲ in 固定搭配 live in harmony with ⓳ harmony 提示词harmonious，此处需名词作介词宾语 ⓴ To meet 不定式作主语 ㉑ simplest 形容词最高级 ㉒ how 连接词，how to do 结构 Nature in Architecture（原文完整版） Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. ①In fact, we are so used to them ②that we may even take them ③for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. When we look at a pine cone, we might think how ④much it looks like the tiles ⑤on a roof. An open flower might make us think how ⑥closely it resembles an umbrella. It is natural ⑦to think in this way, but of course it wasn’t the umbrella ⑧that inspired the flower or the roof ⑨that inspired the pine cone. Nature has inspired many of the ⑩fascinating designs around us, including ⑪those in architecture. From Barcelona’s forest-like Sagrada Família ⑫to the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube, nature ⑬is presented in various architectural designs. Today, architects continue to explore ways ⑭to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature ⑮works or even ⑯to make natural organisms part of a building. People ⑰whose interest is exploring the relationship ⑱between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in ⑲which it sits. ⑳Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float ㉑above the waterfront promenade and the water that ㉒surrounds it. Its roof collects rainwater and ㉓channels it down to a waterfall in the centre of the space. The water then ㉔is recycled through the building’s ㉕plumbing system. Visitors are often amazed to find ㉖themselves in ㉗an urban building ㉘that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe, is ㉙a superb example of biomimicry. To use biomimicry is ㉚to create structures ㉛based on natural forms and ㉜processes. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce ㉝was inspired to create the Centre while watching a nature ㉞documentary. The insects built mounds covered in little holes ㉟designed to allow air ㊱to move freely ㊲in and out of the mounds. ㊳In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” ㊴covered in holes. During the day, warm air ㊵is drawn into the building ㊶through the holes, cooling as it ㊷reaches the middle of the building. At night, the heat ㊸absorbed by the walls during the day ㊹warms the cool air, ㊺creating a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces the need for traditional air ㊻conditioning and ㊼heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less ㊽to run. The world’s first algae-⓵powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface of the apartment building ⓶is covered in panels that contain algae. The algae ⓷are fed with liquid ⓸nutrients and carbon dioxide ⓹to encourage them to grow. ⓺In bright sunshine, they grow ⓻faster and provide shade. The panels also capture heat ⓼from the sun and convert it ⓽into energy that ⓾powers the building. And that’s not all – the algae inside the panels can ⓫be harvested and used to produce fuel. The building therefore not only responds ⓬to its environment and uses less energy, but also ⓭reduces damage ⓮to the environment by generating its own ⓯renewable energy. ⓰Creating buildings such as these ⓱enables us to live ⓲in closer ⓳harmony with our environment. ⓴To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the ㉑simplest organisms can help teach us ㉒how to achieve this. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $