第03讲 （外研版必修第三册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 高中英语一轮复习词汇专项训练，通过多题型分层考查词汇应用，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完成句子（汉语提示）|35题|考查词汇拼写与词性转换|从基础词汇记忆到词性灵活运用| |完成句子（首字母提示）|35题|语境猜词与词汇搭配|由单词语境应用过渡到固定搭配| |完形填空|15题|语篇中词汇选择与辨析|词汇在语篇中的意义衔接与情感表达| |语法填空|10题|语法与词汇综合应用|词汇与语法规则在语篇中的融合运用|

必修三词汇综合检测 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 第一部分（完成句子 共70分） 一、根据括号内汉语提示，用适当的形式完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 1. It’s ________（保证）that all our products are made from 100% organic materials. 2. He bit his ________（嘴唇）nervously, trying not to cry. 3. ________（激励）by the teacher’s words, he is determined to study harder than before. 4. Comparing the two big changes in English spelling at that time, the ________（后者）influenced American English spelling more. 5. ________（比较）to that one, this one is better. 6. It was his ________（错）because he did not listen to other people’s advice. 7. Greatly ________（打动）by the beauty of the language, I read many of Shakespeare’s writings. 8. Lisa is completely ________（独立的）and receives no money from her family. 9. These desks and seats can be ________（调节）to the height of each child. 10. You must ________（发信号）which way you are going to turn. 11. His ________（专业）is computer science, but he also takes art classes for fun. 12. Don’t take this ________（药物，药材；毒品）without asking a doctor. 13. I am thankful to you and your ________（慷慨的，大方的）gestures. 14. Through many years of incredible ________（坚持不懈）, the disabled athlete managed to finish the marathon and proved that nothing is impossible with determination. 15. Future geniuses come from those with intelligence, creativity, ________（毅力）, and good fortune. 16. For him, one of his greatest ________（成就）is helping people in need. 17. We should ________（回收利用）old newspapers and plastic bottles. 18. To everyone’s ________（欣慰）, Amy was not seriously injured in the car accident. 19. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ________（敏感的）to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. 20. She ________（捐赠）half of her savings to the animal shelter when she learned it was short of funds. 21. ________（流播）online videos has become a popular way of entertainment. 22. The war and the sufferings that it caused have ________（影响）him greatly. 23. He produced a ________（理论）, which was hard to understand. 24. Have you ________（咨询）your lawyer about this? 25. He could not ________（说明原因）for his foolish mistake. 26. This kind of dressing style was out of date years ago, but now it has ________ and people began to love it again. （再流行） 27. We should try our best to apply ________（理论）to practice. 28. We haven’t really ________（计算）the cost of the vacation yet. 29. You should really choose a ________（灵活的）schedule so that you can easily work from home. 30. This ________（理论）helps to explain how animals communicate with each other. 31. If you want to learn well, you should always be ________（专心的）in class and avoid daydreaming. 32. She felt her home wasn’t ________（讲究的，高雅的）enough. 33. He is used to ________（折叠）his clothes as flat as possible. 34. Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been ________（寻回，重新获得）. 35. The drawing needs more light and ________（阴影部分）. 二、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 36. The earthquake has been p________ several months before by the scientists. 37. Since then, all Chinese retailers（零售商）have been b________ from providing free plastic shopping bags. 38. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds g________ the new day with their morning song. 39. Xu Beihong has a great influence on c________ Chinese painting. 40. — What a pity! I've not got a ticket for the concert. 41. The water in the river has been p________, so it isn't fit to drink. 42. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms f________ can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. 43. The China National Radio and China Central Television have b________ the event live at the same time. 44. The Tang emperors were very fond of horses, which meant that the animal was a f________ subject for artists. 45. A rare collection of ancient Roman coins, discovered last year, is now on e________ at the city museum. 46. You may not collect money in the streets without a p________. 47. The restaurant c________ us $400 for the wine. 48. F________ is the path to success. 49. It is believed that speech d________ human beings from animals. 50. As a saying goes, f________ is the mother of success. 51. The more petrol and electricity we c________, the more carbon we are letting off. 52. He a________ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him. 53. As we have learned in junior high school, water is a l________ at room temperature. 54. The man was c________ with stealing a car and now he is waiting for his trial. 55. My knowledge of Western food is still quite narrow, but I have a b________ understanding of traditional Chinese dishes. 56. Once b________ by the snake in the wood, you need the treatment immediately. 57. The Ethiopian famine in 1985 c________ millions of people’s lives. 58. An earthquake and a flood are natural d________. 59. Broadcast news was accurate and r________ but deadly dull. 60. The project was stopped because there was no s________ money to support further research. 61. According to the weather f________, the temperature will drop a lot tomorrow. 62. Do you listen to the weather f________ from local radio station every morning? 63. Of all your classmates, who do you think is r________? 64. Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if c________ in large quantities. 65. According to the weather f________ it will be warm and sunny tomorrow. 66. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very s________ to water temperature. 67. He is a g________ boy and often shares his breakfast with his classmates. 68. If we learn to r________ materials, our natural resources will last longer. 69. He told us that the best way to e________ respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. 70. The scientist r________ to at the lecture is Steven Hawking, who made major contributions to the field of general relativity. 第二部分（完形填空 共15分） 三、本题共15小题，每小1分，共10分。根据题意，在设空处填写适当的单词或填写括号内单词的适当形式。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By my early 40s, I had tried many hobbies to feel better about middle age but none worked. Then, in my     71    , I decided to take a ballet class. My husband     72     me because I wasn’t flexible and had a poor record with physical activities. Still, I was     73    . I needed to know my body could move     74    . Before my first class at the National Ballet School in Toronto, I     75     a rhinestone headband (水钻发带) that had been in my drawer for years. I thought it might make me feel better about showing my     76     posture in front of others. This wasn’t my first time in a ballet studio, but things were different now. The     77     exercises I once hated brought     78    . When I worried about not doing moves     79    , my teacher said ballet is about striving for perfection, not being perfect. This advice     80     me deeply. Slowly, I became more     81     with my body in the mirror. Though my jumps weren’t high, my hips (髋部) shook during some     82    , and my spins (旋转) were     83    , I felt encouraged. Ballet made me     84     my body in a new way. Eight years later, I’m still an advanced beginner. At 50, I’m a ballerina in my own way. I keep dancing because it challenges me and reminds me of my     85    . Recently, when I tried a simple version of a famous ballet move at home, I truly felt like a ballerina. 71. A．excitement　 B．disappointment　 C．surprise　 D．desperation 72. A．questioned　 B．supported　 C．encouraged　 D．doubted 73. A．determined　 B．frightened　 C．satisfied　 D．confused 74. A．quickly　 B．gracefully　 C．strongly　 D．casually 75. A．made　 B．bought　 C．found　 D．grabbed 76. A．terrible　 B．imperfect　 C．beautiful　 D．ugly 77. A．difficult　 B．simple　 C．repetitive　 D．interesting 78. A．pain　 B．trouble　 C．stress　 D．joy 79. A．correctly　 B．slowly　 C．carefully　 D．loudly 80. A．influenced　 B．touched　 C．annoyed　 D．bored 81. A．out of place　 B．on edge　 C．at ease　 D．under pressure 82. A．moves　 B．places　 C．degrees　 D．stays 83. A．terrible　 B．fast　 C．unbalanced　 D．slow 84. A．think about　 B．look at　 C．talk about　 D．hear about 85. A．potential　 B．talent　 C．future　 D．problem 第三部分（语法填空 共15分） 四、本题共10小题，每小1.5分，共15分。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine having the     86     to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. These videos are uploaded     87     the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online — a virtual choir. Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere — all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection. You do not even need a     88    . A virtual choir helps connect     89     people together. Many people do not have close friends     90     contacts who have the same interest in music. Many others do not have the chance to join a local choir. A virtual choir     91     them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has     92     to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.     93     one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to... forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.” The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning     94     and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He     95     in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修三词汇综合检测 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 第一部分（完成句子 共70分） 一、根据括号内汉语提示，用适当的形式完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 1. It’s ________（保证）that all our products are made from 100% organic materials. 2. He bit his ________（嘴唇）nervously, trying not to cry. 3. ________（激励）by the teacher’s words, he is determined to study harder than before. 4. Comparing the two big changes in English spelling at that time, the ________（后者）influenced American English spelling more. 5. ________（比较）to that one, this one is better. 6. It was his ________（错）because he did not listen to other people’s advice. 7. Greatly ________（打动）by the beauty of the language, I read many of Shakespeare’s writings. 8. Lisa is completely ________（独立的）and receives no money from her family. 9. These desks and seats can be ________（调节）to the height of each child. 10. You must ________（发信号）which way you are going to turn. 11. His ________（专业）is computer science, but he also takes art classes for fun. 12. Don’t take this ________（药物，药材；毒品）without asking a doctor. 13. I am thankful to you and your ________（慷慨的，大方的）gestures. 14. Through many years of incredible ________（坚持不懈）, the disabled athlete managed to finish the marathon and proved that nothing is impossible with determination. 15. Future geniuses come from those with intelligence, creativity, ________（毅力）, and good fortune. 16. For him, one of his greatest ________（成就）is helping people in need. 17. We should ________（回收利用）old newspapers and plastic bottles. 18. To everyone’s ________（欣慰）, Amy was not seriously injured in the car accident. 19. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ________（敏感的）to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. 20. She ________（捐赠）half of her savings to the animal shelter when she learned it was short of funds. 21. ________（流播）online videos has become a popular way of entertainment. 22. The war and the sufferings that it caused have ________（影响）him greatly. 23. He produced a ________（理论）, which was hard to understand. 24. Have you ________（咨询）your lawyer about this? 25. He could not ________（说明原因）for his foolish mistake. 26. This kind of dressing style was out of date years ago, but now it has ________ and people began to love it again. （再流行） 27. We should try our best to apply ________（理论）to practice. 28. We haven’t really ________（计算）the cost of the vacation yet. 29. You should really choose a ________（灵活的）schedule so that you can easily work from home. 30. This ________（理论）helps to explain how animals communicate with each other. 31. If you want to learn well, you should always be ________（专心的）in class and avoid daydreaming. 32. She felt her home wasn’t ________（讲究的，高雅的）enough. 33. He is used to ________（折叠）his clothes as flat as possible. 34. Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been ________（寻回，重新获得）. 35. The drawing needs more light and ________（阴影部分）. 二、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 36. The earthquake has been p________ several months before by the scientists. 37. Since then, all Chinese retailers（零售商）have been b________ from providing free plastic shopping bags. 38. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds g________ the new day with their morning song. 39. Xu Beihong has a great influence on c________ Chinese painting. 40. — What a pity! I've not got a ticket for the concert. 41. The water in the river has been p________, so it isn't fit to drink. 42. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms f________ can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. 43. The China National Radio and China Central Television have b________ the event live at the same time. 44. The Tang emperors were very fond of horses, which meant that the animal was a f________ subject for artists. 45. A rare collection of ancient Roman coins, discovered last year, is now on e________ at the city museum. 46. You may not collect money in the streets without a p________. 47. The restaurant c________ us $400 for the wine. 48. F________ is the path to success. 49. It is believed that speech d________ human beings from animals. 50. As a saying goes, f________ is the mother of success. 51. The more petrol and electricity we c________, the more carbon we are letting off. 52. He a________ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him. 53. As we have learned in junior high school, water is a l________ at room temperature. 54. The man was c________ with stealing a car and now he is waiting for his trial. 55. My knowledge of Western food is still quite narrow, but I have a b________ understanding of traditional Chinese dishes. 56. Once b________ by the snake in the wood, you need the treatment immediately. 57. The Ethiopian famine in 1985 c________ millions of people’s lives. 58. An earthquake and a flood are natural d________. 59. Broadcast news was accurate and r________ but deadly dull. 60. The project was stopped because there was no s________ money to support further research. 61. According to the weather f________, the temperature will drop a lot tomorrow. 62. Do you listen to the weather f________ from local radio station every morning? 63. Of all your classmates, who do you think is r________? 64. Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if c________ in large quantities. 65. According to the weather f________ it will be warm and sunny tomorrow. 66. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very s________ to water temperature. 67. He is a g________ boy and often shares his breakfast with his classmates. 68. If we learn to r________ materials, our natural resources will last longer. 69. He told us that the best way to e________ respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. 70. The scientist r________ to at the lecture is Steven Hawking, who made major contributions to the field of general relativity. 1.【答案】major 【详解】句意：他的专业是计算机科学，但他也为了乐趣选修了艺术课。“专业”名词是major，由前面的形容词性物主代词His可知，空格处需要用名词形式，且根据后面的is可知用单数形式。 2.【答案】drug 【详解】句意：不咨询医生就不要服用这种药物。“药物，药材；毒品”作宾语，用名词drug，此处特指这种药物，用单数形式。 3.【答案】generous 【详解】句意：我很感谢你和你慷慨的姿态。根据汉语提示“慷慨的，大方的”可知，此处应用形容词generous，修饰名词gestures作定语。 4.【答案】perseverance 【详解】句意：凭借多年来令人难以置信的坚持不懈，这位残疾运动员成功完成了马拉松比赛，并证明了只要有决心，一切皆有可能。根据汉语提示“坚持不懈”可知，此处应填名词perseverance，作宾语。 5.【答案】perseverance 【详解】句意：未来的天才来自那些拥有智力、创造力、毅力和好运的人。“毅力”英文为perseverance，不可数名词，作介词with的宾语，与intelligence、creativity、good fortune构成并列结构。 6.【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：对他来说，他最大的成就之一就是帮助有需要的人。“成就”是achievement，由one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数这一固定结构可知，空格处应用复数形式。 7.【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收利用旧报纸和塑料瓶。根据汉语提示可知应用动词recycle，且should后跟动词原形。 8.【答案】relief 【详解】句意：令大家欣慰的是，艾米在这场车祸中伤势并不严重。“欣慰”作介词to后的宾语，用名词relief，且to one’s relief是固定短语，意为“令某人欣慰的是”。 9.【答案】sensitive 【详解】句意：和他的姐姐相比，杰瑞对情绪和人际关系问题更加敏感，也更容易被这些问题困扰。“敏感的”作表语，用形容词sensitive，描述主语Jerry的特质；be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”。 10.【答案】donated 【详解】句意：得知动物收容所资金短缺后，她将一半积蓄捐赠给了那里。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“捐赠”应用动词donate；主句与从句时态保持一致，用一般过去时，故填donated。 11.【答案】major 【详解】句意：他的专业是计算机科学，但他也为了乐趣选修了艺术课。“专业”名词是major，由前面的形容词性物主代词His可知，空格处需要用名词形式，且根据后面的is可知用单数形式。 12.【答案】drug 【详解】句意：不咨询医生就不要服用这种药物。“药物，药材；毒品”作宾语，用名词drug，此处特指这种药物，用单数形式。 13.【答案】generous 【详解】句意：我很感谢你和你慷慨的姿态。根据汉语提示“慷慨的，大方的”可知，此处应用形容词generous，修饰名词gestures作定语。 14.【答案】perseverance 【详解】句意：凭借多年来令人难以置信的坚持不懈，这位残疾运动员成功完成了马拉松比赛，并证明了只要有决心，一切皆有可能。根据汉语提示“坚持不懈”可知，此处应填名词perseverance，作宾语。 15.【答案】perseverance 【详解】句意：未来的天才来自那些拥有智力、创造力、毅力和好运的人。“毅力”英文为perseverance，不可数名词，作介词with的宾语，与intelligence、creativity、good fortune构成并列结构。 16.【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：对他来说，他最大的成就之一就是帮助有需要的人。“成就”是achievement，由one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数这一固定结构可知，空格处应用复数形式。 17.【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收利用旧报纸和塑料瓶。根据汉语提示可知应用动词recycle，且should后跟动词原形。 18.【答案】relief 【详解】句意：令大家欣慰的是，艾米在这场车祸中伤势并不严重。“欣慰”作介词to后的宾语，用名词relief，且to one’s relief是固定短语，意为“令某人欣慰的是”。 19.【答案】sensitive 【详解】句意：和他的姐姐相比，杰瑞对情绪和人际关系问题更加敏感，也更容易被这些问题困扰。“敏感的”作表语，用形容词sensitive，描述主语Jerry的特质；be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”。 20.【答案】donated 【详解】句意：得知动物收容所资金短缺后，她将一半积蓄捐赠给了那里。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“捐赠”应用动词donate；主句与从句时态保持一致，用一般过去时，故填donated。 21.【答案】Streaming 【详解】句意：在线视频流播已经成为一种流行的娱乐方式。“流播”用动词stream，作主语，且为一般情况，用动名词形式，位于句首，首字母大写。 22.【答案】affected 【详解】句意：战争和战争所造成的苦难对他影响很大。本句强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时，填过去分词affected。 23.【答案】theory 【详解】句意：他提出了一个很难理解的理论。根据上文a可知填名词单数theory。 24.【答案】consulted 【详解】句意：你就此事咨询过你的律师了吗？Have表明是现在完成时，此处填过去分词，故填consulted。 25.【答案】account 【详解】句意：他无法解释他愚蠢的错误。account for表示“对……作出解释”，故填account。 26.【答案】revived 【详解】句意：这类穿衣风格前几年已经过时了，但现在它又恢复了流行，人们又开始爱它了。现在完成时态：has revived（已经恢复），故填revived。 27.【答案】theory 【详解】句意：我们应该尽最大的努力把理论应用于实践。此处的theory表抽象意义，不可数，故填theory。 28.【答案】calculated 【详解】句意：我们还没有真正计算出度假的费用。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时，故答案为calculated。 29.【答案】flexible 【详解】句意：你真的应当选择一份灵活的日程安排，这样你就可以轻松居家办公。修饰名词schedule，形容词flexible“灵活的”符合题意。 30.【答案】theory 【详解】句意：这个理论有助于解释动物如何相互交流。表示“理论”，应填名词theory，在句中作主语，由“This”修饰，用单数形式。 31.【答案】attentive 【详解】句意：如果你想学好知识，课堂上应当专心听讲，避免走神。设空处应填形容词作表语，表示“专心的”用attentive。 32.【答案】elegant 【详解】句意：她觉得自家房子不够高雅精致。根据汉语提示“讲究的，高雅的”可知，用形容词elegant，作表语。 33.【答案】folding 【详解】句意：他习惯于把衣服叠得尽可能平。be used to sth./doing sth. 意为“习惯某事或做某事” ，故答案为folding。 34.【答案】recovered 【详解】句意：从画廊偷走的四幅画已经被找回。表示“寻回，重新获得”用动词recover，和主语paintings是被动关系，结合have been可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，空处填过去分词recovered。 35.【答案】shade 【详解】句意：这幅画明暗层次不够。根据汉语提示“阴影部分”可知，空处应用名词shade，与light并列作宾语，不可数名词。 36.【答案】predicted 【详解】句意：科学家们几个月前就预测到了地震。现在完成时的被动形式为have/has been done，再根据句意，所以填predicted（预测）。故填predicted。 37.【答案】banned 【详解】考查动词。句意：自从那时起，所有的中国零售商被禁止提供免费的塑料购物袋。ban sb. from doing sth.“禁止……做某事”，ban与主语all Chinese retailers是被动关系。ban的过去分词是banned。故填banned。 38.【答案】greet 【详解】句意：在山中的一个宁静的早晨，感觉阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸鲜花的芬芳，而鸟儿用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。空处作谓语，结合“the new day with their morning song”和首字母提示可推知，动词greet“欢迎，迎接”符合题意，构成短语greet...with...“用……迎接……”。句子描述通常的情况，时态用一般现在时，主语birds为复数，greet保持原形。 39.【答案】contemporary 【详解】句意：徐悲鸿对当代中国画有重大影响。结合首字母以及句意，填形容词contemporary“当代的，现代的”，修饰Chinese painting作定语。 40.【答案】broadcast / broadcasted 【详解】句意：——真遗憾！我没有买到音乐会的门票。——别担心，现场会直播。空处和will be构成谓语，结合“live on the air”和首字母提示可推知，动词broadcast“广播，播送”符合题意，且broadcast和主语the concert之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，因此用broadcast的过去分词形式broadcast或broadcasted。 41.【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：这条河里的水已经被污染了，所以不适合饮用。根据首字母p可知，用pollute“污染”，与主语The water in the river为被动关系，用过去分词polluted，与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。 42.【答案】folded 【详解】句意：微笑表明你在认真倾听讨论的话题，而且目光移开、双臂交叉则可能暗示不感兴趣，并引发不信任或摩擦。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知应用动词fold，与arms构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 43.【答案】broadcast 【详解】句意：中央人民广播电台和中央电视台同步直播了这场活动。根据live（直播）以及首字母b可知，此处为动词broadcast，空前有助动词have，所以此处使用broadcast的过去分词形式。broadcast的过去分词仍为broadcast。 44.【答案】frequent 【详解】句意：唐朝皇帝非常喜欢马，这意味着这种动物是艺术家们频繁创作的题材。根据空前不定冠词a及空后名词subject，并结合首字母提示可知，空处应填形容词frequent，意为“频繁的，常见的”，作前置定语。 45.【答案】exhibition 【详解】句意：去年出土的一套珍稀古罗马钱币藏品，目前正在市博物馆展出。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知用填名词exhibition，作宾语。 46.【答案】permit 【详解】句意：没有许可证，你不得在街上募捐。设空处跟在介词without后面充当宾语，且空前有a，可知设空处要填名词单数；根据句意及首字母可知，设空处要填permit，意为“许可证”。 47.【答案】charged 【详解】句意：这瓶酒，餐厅收了我们400美元。根据句意可知，此处意为“收费”，故应用动词charge，且此处描述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时charged。 48.【答案】Failure 【详解】句意：失败是成功之路。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词Failure“失败”作主语。位于句首，首字母需大写。 49.【答案】distinguishes 【详解】句意：据说是语言使得动物和人区分开来。根据首字母以及“human beings from animals”可推理出空处应填表示“区分”含义的动词distinguish。本句表示客观情况，谓语动词用一般现在时；从句主语speech是单数第三人称，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式distinguishes。 50.【答案】failure 【详解】句意：俗话说，失败是成功之母。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，根据句意及首字母提示，应填名词failure。 51.【答案】consume 【详解】句意：我们消耗的汽油和电越多，释放的碳就越多。设空处是句子的谓语，主语是复数，根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处表示“消耗”的动词，故填consume。 52.【答案】attempted 【详解】句意：他试图从监狱逃跑，但找不到任何人帮助他。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词attempt“试图，尝试”，作谓语；由后半句couldn’t可知，时态为一般过去时，因此填attempted。 53.【答案】liquid 【详解】句意：正如我们在初中所学到的，水在室温下是一种液体。空处作表语，结合water、at room temperature和首字母提示可推知，名词liquid“液体”符合题意。空前有不定冠词a，因此用单数形式。 54.【答案】charged 【详解】句意：这名男子被指控偷了一辆汽车，目前正在等待审判。根据首字母以及句意，可知应用动词charge，与主语构成被动关系；结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态，因此填charged。 55.【答案】broad 【详解】句意：我对西餐的了解仍然相当有限，但对传统中餐有着广泛的了解。根据“My knowledge of Western food is still quite narrow”与but形成转折关系可知，与对西餐的有限了解形成对比，对中餐有广泛的了解；结合首字母提示，应用形容词broad作定语，意为“广泛的”。 56.【答案】bitten 【详解】句意：一旦在树林里被蛇咬伤，你就需要立即接受治疗。结合“by the snake in the wood”以及首字母提示可知，动词bite“咬”符合句意。once引导状语从句，从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语含be动词时可省略主语和be动词，完整形式为“Once you are bitten by the snake in the wood”，故填过去分词bitten。 57.【答案】claimed 【详解】句意：1985年埃塞俄比亚的饥荒夺去了数百万人的生命。根据句意可知此处表示“夺去（生命）”，应用动词claim。事情发生在1985年，应用一般过去时，故填claimed。 58.【答案】disasters 【详解】句意：地震和洪水都是自然灾害。根据句意可知应填名词disaster“灾害”。主语为“An earthquake and a flood”，表示两种灾害，因此应用复数形式disasters。 59.【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：广播新闻准确可靠，但却十分枯燥。空处与accurate并列作表语，根据句意及首字母提示可知，应填形容词reliable“可靠的”。 60.【答案】sufficient 【详解】句意：这个项目终止了，因为没有足够的资金支持进一步研究。根据句意及首字母提示可知，应用形容词sufficient“足够的”，修饰名词money作定语。 61.【答案】forecast 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，明天气温会下降很多。根据句意可知，能够预测天气情况的应是天气预报，即weather forecast。forecast作名词，意为“预报”。 62.【答案】forecast 【详解】句意：你每天早上会收听当地广播电台的天气预报吗？weather forecast是固定搭配，意为“天气预报”，符合语境。forecast作宾语。 63.【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：在你所有的同学中，你认为谁最可靠？be动词后需要形容词作表语。根据首字母提示及句意可知，应填reliable，意为“可靠的，值得信赖的”。 64.【答案】consumed 【详解】句意：酒精会损害肝脏，如果大量饮用会造成很大伤害。根据句意可知此处表示“被饮用、被消耗”。Alcohol与consume之间为被动关系，此处省略了it is，完整形式为“if it is consumed in large quantities”，故填过去分词consumed。 65.【答案】forecast 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，明天将会温暖而晴朗。according to后接名词作宾语，根据句意及首字母提示可知，应填forecast，构成固定搭配weather forecast，意为“天气预报”。 66.【答案】sensitive 【详解】句意：我知道鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。根据句意及固定搭配be sensitive to“对……敏感”可知，此处应填形容词sensitive作表语。 67.【答案】generous 【详解】句意：他是一个慷慨的男孩，经常和同学们分享早餐。根据“often shares his breakfast with his classmates”以及首字母提示可知，应填形容词generous“慷慨的”，作定语修饰boy。 68.【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：如果我们学会回收利用材料，我们的自然资源将会持续更长时间。根据句意及首字母提示可知，应填动词recycle“回收利用”。learn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”，to后接动词原形。 69.【答案】earn 【详解】句意：他告诉我们，赢得学校尊重的最好方式是努力学习并取得优异成绩。根据“respect from the school”及首字母提示可知，应填动词earn“赢得，获得”。不定式符号to后接动词原形。 70.【答案】referred 【详解】句意：讲座中提到的那位科学家是史蒂芬·霍金，他在广义相对论领域作出了重大贡献。根据固定搭配refer to“提到”及首字母提示可知，应填refer。scientist与refer to之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词referred作后置定语，相当于“who was referred to at the lecture”。 第二部分（完形填空 共15分） 三、本题共15小题，每小1分，共10分。根据题意，在设空处填写适当的单词或填写括号内单词的适当形式。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By my early 40s, I had tried many hobbies to feel better about middle age but none worked. Then, in my     71    , I decided to take a ballet class. My husband     72     me because I wasn’t flexible and had a poor record with physical activities. Still, I was     73    . I needed to know my body could move     74    . Before my first class at the National Ballet School in Toronto, I     75     a rhinestone headband (水钻发带) that had been in my drawer for years. I thought it might make me feel better about showing my     76     posture in front of others. This wasn’t my first time in a ballet studio, but things were different now. The     77     exercises I once hated brought     78    . When I worried about not doing moves     79    , my teacher said ballet is about striving for perfection, not being perfect. This advice     80     me deeply. Slowly, I became more     81     with my body in the mirror. Though my jumps weren’t high, my hips (髋部) shook during some     82    , and my spins (旋转) were     83    , I felt encouraged. Ballet made me     84     my body in a new way. Eight years later, I’m still an advanced beginner. At 50, I’m a ballerina in my own way. I keep dancing because it challenges me and reminds me of my     85    . Recently, when I tried a simple version of a famous ballet move at home, I truly felt like a ballerina. 71. A．excitement　 B．disappointment　 C．surprise　 D．desperation 72. A．questioned　 B．supported　 C．encouraged　 D．doubted 73. A．determined　 B．frightened　 C．satisfied　 D．confused 74. A．quickly　 B．gracefully　 C．strongly　 D．casually 75. A．made　 B．bought　 C．found　 D．grabbed 76. A．terrible　 B．imperfect　 C．beautiful　 D．ugly 77. A．difficult　 B．simple　 C．repetitive　 D．interesting 78. A．pain　 B．trouble　 C．stress　 D．joy 79. A．correctly　 B．slowly　 C．carefully　 D．loudly 80. A．influenced　 B．touched　 C．annoyed　 D．bored 81. A．out of place　 B．on edge　 C．at ease　 D．under pressure 82. A．moves　 B．places　 C．degrees　 D．stays 83. A．terrible　 B．fast　 C．unbalanced　 D．slow 84. A．think about　 B．look at　 C．talk about　 D．hear about 85. A．potential　 B．talent　 C．future　 D．problem 【导语】本文讲述年过四十的作者尝试诸多爱好排遣中年焦虑无果后，决定学习芭蕾，多年坚持后她接纳不完美的自己，从中获得成就感与自我认同。 【详解】【小题71】考查名词。句意：然后，出于无奈，我决定上一个芭蕾班。根据上文“By my early 40s, I had tried many hobbies to feel better about middle age but none worked.”可知，作者尝试很多爱好都不满意，所以选择芭蕾属于无奈之举。固定短语in desperation意为“出于无奈；走投无路之下”。 【小题72】考查动词。句意：丈夫质疑我，因为我柔韧性差，身体活动方面的表现也不好。根据原因状语从句“because I wasn’t flexible and had a poor record with physical activities”可知，丈夫认为作者不适合芭蕾，对此持怀疑态度。 【小题73】考查形容词。句意：然而，我是坚定的。根据上文丈夫质疑作者的选择以及本句中的Still可知，Still表转折，说明作者不会放弃，而是坚持自己的决定。 【小题74】考查副词。句意：我需要知道，我的身体可以优雅地舞动。根据前文作者坚持学芭蕾可知，她希望证明自己也能优雅地完成芭蕾动作，因此应用gracefully。 【小题75】考查动词。句意：在前往纽约多多芭蕾舞学校的第一堂课之前，我翻出了一个水钻发带，它已经在我的抽屉里放了好多年。根据下文“that had been in my drawer for years”可知，这个发带原本就在抽屉里，因此是被作者“找出来”的。 【小题76】考查形容词。句意：我心想，也许戴上它，能让我更从容地在别人面前展示自己不够完美的姿态。根据上文作者柔韧性差、身体协调性一般，以及后文提到动作不够标准可知，作者认为自己的表现并不完美。 【小题77】考查形容词。句意：那些曾经令我厌恶的重复动作，如今却让我感到喜悦。根据后文“I once hated”可知，作者以前不喜欢这些训练动作，是因为它们重复单调。 【小题78】考查名词。句意：那些曾经令我厌恶的重复动作，如今却让我感到快乐。根据作者对芭蕾态度发生变化可知，以前讨厌的训练现在反而带来了快乐。 【小题79】考查副词。句意：当我担心动作做得不正确时，老师告诉我，芭蕾舞是在追求完美，而不是变得完美无缺。根据下文“my teacher said ballet is about striving for perfection, not being perfect.”可知，作者担心的是动作是否做得正确。 【小题80】考查动词。句意：这个建议深深触动了我。根据老师的话帮助作者放下焦虑、重新认识自己可知，这番话使作者深受感动。 【小题81】考查介词短语。句意：渐渐地，我在镜中面对自己的身体时变得更加自在。根据语境可知，作者在老师鼓励下学会接受自己，对自己的身体更加自信、轻松。 【小题82】考查名词。句意：虽然我的跳跃并不高，但做某些动作时髋部会微微晃动。根据前文描述舞蹈训练中的具体动作可知，此处应指舞蹈动作。 【小题83】考查形容词。句意：虽然我的跳跃并不高，某些动作时髋部会晃动，而且旋转也不够平衡。根据前文列举的不完美动作可知，此处应表示旋转时失去平衡。 【小题84】考查动词短语。句意：芭蕾舞让我以一种全新的方式看待自己的身体。根据全文内容可知，学习芭蕾改变了作者对自己身体的认知和态度。 【小题85】考查名词。句意：我一直在跳舞，因为这让我不断挑战自己，并提醒着我的潜力。根据下文作者坚持练习八年，并最终发现自己能够做到曾经认为不可能的事，可知芭蕾让她认识到了自己的潜力。 第三部分（语法填空 共15分） 四、本题共10小题，每小1.5分，共15分。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine having the     86     to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. These videos are uploaded     87     the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online — a virtual choir. Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere — all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection. You do not even need a     88    . A virtual choir helps connect     89     people together. Many people do not have close friends     90     contacts who have the same interest in music. Many others do not have the chance to join a local choir. A virtual choir     91     them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has     92     to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.     93     one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to... forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.” The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning     94     and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He     95     in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir. 【导语】文章主要讲述了虚拟合唱团让各地音乐爱好者打破地域限制同唱一首歌，帮助人们建立联系、忘却烦恼。 【详解】【小题86】考查名词。句意：想象一下，当你独自在家时，还能有机会与数百人一起合唱。根据语境可知，此处表示“机会”，应用名词opportunity。 【小题87】考查介词。句意：这些视频会被上传到互联网上，然后整合成一个视频，你可以在网上观看——这就是虚拟合唱团。根据语境可知，此处表示“上传到”，应使用介词onto，与upload搭配构成upload onto。 【小题88】考查名词。句意：你甚至不需要工作室。根据语境可知，此处表示“工作室”，前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式studio。 【小题89】考查形容词。句意：虚拟合唱团有助于将普通人联系在一起。根据语境可知，此处表示“普通的”，应用形容词ordinary作定语修饰people。 【小题90】考查并列连词。句意：许多人没有亲密的朋友或者联系人，但他们对音乐有着相同的兴趣。根据语境可知，此处表示选择关系，且位于否定句中连接friends和contacts，应用or。 【小题91】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：虚拟合唱团使他们能够将自己的声音与他人的声音结合起来，并成为全球社区的一部分。根据语境可知，此处表示“使能够”，应用动词enable。句子为一般现在时，主语为单数，故谓语用第三人称单数形式enables。 【小题92】考查动词时态。句意：事实证明，它对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。根据语境可知，此处表示“证明”，应用动词prove。句子为现在完成时，has已给出，因此填过去分词proved。 【小题93】考查定语从句。句意：正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说：“音乐帮助我忘却烦恼。有了音乐，我变成了另一个人。” 根据语境可知，此处表示“正如”，应用关系词as引导非限制性定语从句，位于句首首字母大写。 【小题94】考查名词。句意：虚拟合唱团的创意来自获奖作曲家兼指挥埃里克·惠塔克。根据语境可知，此处表示“作曲家”，应用名词composer。 【小题95】考查动词时态。句意：当他为大学合唱团演唱时，他便爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。根据语境可知，此处表示“爱上”，应用短语fall in love with。事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填fell in love with。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $