2026年人教版七升八英语暑期拔高逆袭——名词专项复习讲义

七升八英语暑期拔高逆袭——名词专项复习讲义 讲义说明：整合名词分类、可数名词变形、不可数名词、名词所有格、名词辨析五大必考模块，联动代词考点联动刷题，深挖单复数易错、所有格陷阱。 一、名词核心考情（七升八必知） 1. 分值占比：七下期末+八上期中名词必考9-13分，单选、词形填空、改错必考，完形高频结合代词联动出题，词形填空失分率最高 2. 学情痛点：特殊名词单复数变形混淆、不可数名词乱用冠词、所有格’s/of混用、集体名词主谓一致易错 3. 拔高重点：双重名词所有格、集体名词主谓一致、不可数名词量化表达、异形单复数名词辨析（衔接八上） 二、模块一 名词分类（基础识记｜知识点：七年级下册） （一）分类精讲 1. 专有名词：人名、地名、节日、月份，首字母必须大写 例：China、Linda、Spring Festival、July 2. 普通名词（考试核心） ①可数名词：可直接用数字计数，有单数、复数两种形式 ②不可数名词：不可直接计数，无复数，不能直接加a/an，七下高频：water、milk、bread、news、food （二）黄金判定口诀 金银米面茶肉类，液体天气抽象词，一律不可数；人物动植物，物品工具大多可数 三、模块二 可数名词单复数变形（重难点｜基础七下；特殊变形八上拔高） （一）规则变化（必考默写｜七下） 变形规则 例词单数 例词复数 一般直接+s book、girl books、girls s/x/ch/sh结尾+es bus、box、watch buses、boxes、watches 辅音字母+y，变y为i+es city、family cities、families f/fe结尾，变f为v+es knife、leaf knives、leaves （二）不规则变化【八上拔高拓展，高频必考】 ✅分类精讲+避错批注： 1. 单复数同形：sheep绵羊、deer鹿、Chinese中国人、Japanese日本人 避错：此类名词不加s变复数，谓语动词根据数量判定单复数 2. 元音改写变形：man-men、woman-women、foot-feet、tooth-teeth 拓展：对应形容词也要变形：a man doctor→two men doctors 3. 特殊异形后缀：child-children、ox-oxen （三）拔高易错：只有复数形式名词【八上易混拔高考点】 trousers裤子、shorts短裤、glasses眼镜、pants长裤，作主语谓语多用复数；搭配量词pair变形：a pair of glasses、two pairs of trousers 四、模块三 不可数名词考点（失分高频｜七下基础；量化表达八上拔高） （一）三大硬性规则 1. 不可数名词不能直接加a/an、不能直接变复数，否定疑问句多用any修饰 2. 单数判定：不可数名词作主语，谓语动词永远单数，不受量词数量干扰 3. 量化规则：不可数名词数量表达必须借助量词：a cup of、two pieces of；量词随数量变复数，名词不变形 （二）易混双向名词【八上词义辨析拔高考点】 核心考点：同一单词词义不同，可数不可数属性完全不同，考试单选、填空高频挖坑 ①chicken鸡肉(不可数)/小鸡(可数) ②fruit水果统称(不可数)/各类水果品种(可数) ③glass玻璃(不可数)/玻璃杯、眼镜(可数) ④work工作(不可数)/作品(可数) 五、模块四 名词所有格（基础七下；双重所有格八上拔高） （一）基础所有格用法（七下必考） 1. 单数名词直接+’s：Tom’s pen 汤姆的钢笔 2. s结尾复数名词直接+’：the students’ room 学生们的房间（简化书写，不加s） 3. 无s不规则复数名词+’s：children’s park 儿童公园 （二）拔高必考：双重名词所有格【八上拔高】 固定结构：a/an /this/that + 单数名词 + of + 名词所有格 ✅ a friend of Tom’s 汤姆的一位朋友 ❌ a friend of Tom 格式错误（缺少名词所有格后缀） （三）共同拥有&分别拥有终极易错点（考试高频改错考点） 1. 共同拥有：仅最后一个名词加’s，后接单数名词：Lucy and Lily’s room 两人共一间房间 2. 分别拥有：两个名词各自加’s，后接复数名词：Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 两人各自的房间 拔高专项分层习题（满分100分） 姓名：__________ 得分：__________ 一、单项选择（22小题，每小题1.5分，共33分 ） ( )1. I have two _______ and three _______ in my pencil box. A. knife; pencil B. knives; pencils C. knives; pencil D. knife; pencils ( )2. There is some _______ on the table. It tastes good. A. breads B. bread C. apple D. bananas ( )3. This is a photo of _______. They are my best friends. A. the girl B. the girls C. the girl’s D. girls’ ( )4. —How many _______ are there on the farm? —Ten. A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes D. sheep’s ( )5. This is _______ bedroom. The twin sisters live here together. A. Lucy’s and Lily’s B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys ( )6. We need two _______ to cut up the vegetables. A. knife B. knives C. knifes D. knife’s ( )7. There _______ a glass of milk and two eggs on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( )8. That young man is a friend of _______. A. my father B. my fathers C. my father’s D. me ( )9. —What can I do for you? —I’d like three _______. A. cup of juice B. cups of juice C. cup of juices D. cups of juices ( )10. The _______ are wearing beautiful new clothes today. A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher ( )11. _______ food is healthy for us. A. Vegetable B. Vegetables C. A vegetable D. An vegetable ( )12. Look at the _______. They are playing football happily. A. child B. childs C. children D. childrens ( )13. How many _______ does your father have? A. brother-in-law B. brothers-in-law C. brother-in-laws D. brothers-in-laws ( )14. This pair of _______ looks very nice. I will take it. A. trouser B. trousers C. trouser’s D. trousers’ ( )15. There is _______ interesting news in today’s newspaper. A. a B. an C. some D. many ( )16. September 10th is _______ Day in China. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teacher’s D. Teachers’ ( )17. These are _______ bags. Those are _______. A. students; their B. students’; theirs C. student’s; them D. students; theirs ( )18. The _______ of the two trees are green in spring. A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leafes ( )19. —Whose notebook is this? —It’s my _______. A. sister B. sisters C. sister’s D. sisters’s ( )20. _______ comes from England. She likes Chinese food very much. A. The English girl B. An English girl C. English D. Englishs ( )21. We can see five _______ in the picture. A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japans D. Japanese’s ( )22. Too much _______ is bad for our teeth. A. candies B. candy C. candys D. candyes 二、用所给名词适当形式填空（14空，每空1.5分，共21分 ） 1. I have three _______ (box) on my desk. 2. There are many _______ (city) in China. 3. The _______ (baby) are sleeping in the room now. 4. We need some _______ (water) to drink. 5. Look! Those _______ (knife) are very sharp. 6. This is _______ (Tom) new basketball. 7. The two _______ (woman) doctors are very great. 8. Five _______ (sheep) are eating grass on the hill. 9. Please give me two pieces of _______ (paper). 10. These are the _______ (student) books. 11. My uncle has two _______ (child). 12. I like eating _______ (tomato) very much. 13. This is a photo of my _______ (parent) bedroom. 14. There are lots of _______ (leaf) on the ground in autumn. 三、选词填空（10空，每空1分，共10分，词形需变形） 选用词：glass, friend, potato, health, teacher, child, brush, zoo, bread, family 1. There are two _______ in this big city. 2. Eating more vegetables is good for our _______. 3. I have two _______ to clean my teeth every day. 4. This is a photo of my _______. I love them very much. 5. The _______ office is on the second floor. 6. I’d like two _______ of milk for breakfast. 7. These _______ taste very delicious. 8. We don’t have much _______ for dinner. 9. The little _______ are playing games happily. 10. He is one of my best _______. 四、句型转换（6小题，每小题2分，共12分 ） 1. This is a strawberry.（改为复数句） ________________________________________ 2. That is a child.（改为复数句） ________________________________________ 3. These are my sisters’ pens.（改为单数句） ________________________________________ 4. There is some rice in the bowl.（改为否定句） ________________________________________ 5. The girl’s bag is purple.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________ 6. I want two cups of tea.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________ 五、短文改错（6小题，每小题4分，共24分 ） 每句一处错误，仅限名词变形/所有格修改，圈出错误并改正 1. I eat two tomatos for breakfast every morning. __________ 2. This is a photo of my fathers. __________ 3. There are many bread on the plate. __________ 4. The woman teachers are friendly to us. __________ 5. These are the student’s schoolbags. __________ 6. I have five Canadian in my class. __________ 一、单项选择答案 1-5 BBBAB 6-10 BACBB 11-15 ABCCC 16-20 DBCCB 21-22 AB 二、词形填空答案 1.boxes 2.cities 3.babies 4.water 5.knives 6.Tom’s 7.women 8.sheep 9.paper 10.students’ 11.children 12.tomatoes 13.parents’ 14.leaves 三、选词填空答案 1.zoos 2.health 3.brushes 4.family 5.Teachers’ 6.glasses 7.potatoes 8.bread 9.children 10.friends 四、句型转换答案 1.These are strawberries 2.Those are children 3.This is my sister’s pen 4.There isn’t any rice 5.Whose bag 6.How much tea 五、短文改错答案 1. tomatos→tomatoes 2. fathers→father’s 3. many→much 4. woman→women 5. student’s→students’ 6. Canadian→Canadians 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $