专题08 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 课文（Extended reading）讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新高一英语暑期预习讲义 （译林版）

专题08 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 课文（Extended reading）讲解 Extended reading课文对译解读 Extended reading Read the essay about the importance of friendship. Of Friendship As we walk the "path of life"（as引导的时间状语从句）,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection ① can lead to personal improvement. However,when we seek to ② be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape ③ into our（“be careful that…” 意为“小心/注意……”。） own world.Social life is also important to us. More often than not ④,close friendships will help smooth out ⑤ the sometimes rocky road ⑥ that we are all meant to ⑦ travel（that引导的定语从句，修饰the rocky road，that在从句中作travel的宾语。）. As we live in social groups（as引导的原因状语从句）, there are many benefits ⑧ of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking ⑨ , close friendships have three "fruits":they may comfort the heart ⑩ ,advise the head and help us achieve the goals ⑪ we set for ourselves（省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰the goals。）.Through friendship, we can become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans. The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy ⑫, sadness,success and failure ⑬ （share的宾语"our joy…and failure"过长，将其后置以平衡句子结构。）.Here,friendship has a double advantage ⑭ —happiness takes on ⑮ a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved ⑯!Naturally ⑰,this kind of openness results from ⑱ a close friendship. With true friends,we feel free to ⑲ share our joy and sadness in full measure ⑳ . We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness ㉑.Indeed ㉒,the human heart depends on ㉓ such opportunities for comfort and protection. The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning ㉔ and wise friends. We often find it easier to recognize ㉕ other people’s weaknesses ㉖ than our own（“find+形式宾语it+宾补（easier）+真正的宾语（to recognize…own）”结构）. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings,our judgements might be one-sided ㉗ .On the other hand（［语用］用于引出不同的或对立的观点、思想等，其前的观点通常由on the one hand引出。）, our friends are better able to offer advice on ㉘ important decisions that we all have to make. Also,when we want to talk our problems over with ㉙ a friend,we have to put our thoughts into words ㉚ first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer（“make+宾语（our thoughts）+宾补（clearer）”结构） and brings us a more thorough ㉛ understanding of our problems. The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways ㉜.Sometimes a friend is even known as ㉝ our "second self".There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills.They can help us achieve what we want during life and,perhaps,even after death ㉞ （what引导的宾语从句，作achieve的宾语。）. Finally,it should be pointed out ㉟ that enjoying the company ㊱ of a crowd ㊲ is not the same as being with friends（ it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句（that…with friends）。其中enjoying…crowd为动词-ing短语作从句的主语。）.Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.（and连接的两个分句结构相同，谓语部分都用了should be，那么可省略第二个分句中relationships后的should be。）In this way,we can better walk the "path of life" with the comfort,advice and help from our trusted friends. （Adapted from "Of Friendship",an essay written by Francis Bacon（“Of Friendship”的同位语）, a great English writer,scientist and philosopher（Francis Bacon的同位语，说明其身份。）） 论友谊 走在“人生的道路”上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。然而，当我们试图独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。社交生活对我们同样重要。通常，亲密的友情能帮助我们踏平有时坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。 因为我们置身于社会群体中，所以我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。总体而言，亲密友谊的“硕果”有三:它们也许能抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮我们实现既定目标。通过友谊，我们可以变成更幸福、更睿智、更满足的人。 友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们的喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。在这里，友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半！当然，这种开诚布公源于亲密无间的友谊。我们可以与真正的朋友毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。我们知道，朋友既会尊重我们的情感，也会珍视这些亲密的时光。实际上，人的内心依赖这些机会以获取慰藉和庇护。 友谊的第二个硕果是通过与善意的和明智的朋友交谈可以获得更好的理解力和判断力。我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。因此，如果我们纯粹被自己的感情所支配，我们的判断就可能是片面的。另一方面，在我们必须要作出的重大决定上，朋友往往能给出更好的建议。此外，想和朋友详谈自己的问题时，我们首先得把自己的想法付诸语言。单是这点，就能让我们更好地厘清思路，并对自身的问题有更透彻的认识。 友谊的第三个硕果是朋友以各种不同的方式为我们提供的帮助。有时， 朋友甚至被誉为我们的“第二个自己”。生活中有太多事，只有在朋友的帮助下才能成功。朋友也许拥有诸多不同的想法和技能。他们能帮助我们在生前，甚至是在我们故去之后，获得我们想要之物。 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。选择朋友须谨慎，经营友情须用心。如此，我们才能在挚友的抚慰、建议和帮助下，更好地走过“人生之路”。 （改写自英国伟大的作家、科学家和哲学家弗朗西斯·培根的随笔《论友谊》） 课文重点词汇 ①reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n.[U]沉思；反射；[C]映像；反映 拓展 on/upon reflection 经过思考 on further reflection 进一步思考后 派生构词 reflect（v.）+-ion（名词后缀）→reflection（n.） ②seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek /si:k/ （sought, sought） vi.试图，设法 ③escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ vt.& vi.逃避 ④more often than not 通常，往往，一贯 ⑤smooth out 使平坦，使光滑;消除（问题），克服（困难） 搭配 smooth out problems 消除问题 smooth out difficulties 克服困难 ⑥the rocky road 坎坷/多石的道路 rocky /ˈrɒki/ adj.岩石的，多岩石的;困难的 ⑦be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事;应做某事 Capable and responsible, Jack is meant to be a monitor.能力强又有责任心，杰克应该当班长。（应用文写作之人物介绍） ⑧benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n.[U，C]优势，益处，成效 ⑨generally speaking 一般来说 拓展 frankly speaking 坦率地说 personally speaking 就我个人来说 broadly speaking 大致说来 strictly speaking 严格说来 ⑩comfort the heart 抚慰心灵 comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ vt.宽慰，抚慰 ⑪achieve the goals 实现目标 set a goal 设定目标 ⑫joy /dʒɔɪ /n.[U]高兴，愉快；[C]令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣 share joy with… 与……分享快乐 ⑬failure /ˈfeɪljə（r）/ n.[U，C]失败 派生构词 fail（vi.& vt.失败）+-ure（名词后缀）→failure（n.） ⑭have a double advantage 有双重优势 ⑮take on 呈现，具有 ⑯halve /hɑːv/ vt.& vi.（使）减半 ⑰naturally adv. 自然而然地（修饰整个句子） ⑱result from 由……引起,因……产生 ⑲feel free to do sth. 可以随心所欲做某事 ⑳in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地 ㉑moments of closeness 亲密时光 treasure the moment of… 珍惜……的时刻 moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n.[C]时光，时机；瞬间；[sing.]某个时刻 拓展 at the moment 此刻, 眼下, 目前 for the moment 暂时; 目前 in a moment 马上，很快 ㉒indeed /ɪnˈdi:d/ adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地 ㉓depend on/upon 依靠；依赖；取决于 ㉔well-meaning /ˌwelˈmi:nɪŋ/ adj. 出于好心的，善意的 ㉕recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ vt.承认，意识到 ㉖weakness n. [C]弱点 派生构词 weak（adj.）+-ness（名词后缀）→weakness（n.） ㉗one-sided adj.片面的 You should be careful to avoid being one-sided when thinking about a problem. 你考虑问题的时候切忌片面。 ㉘offer advice on… 在……方面提供建议 ㉙talk sth.over with sb. 和某人详细讨论/详谈某事（以达成协议或作出决定） ㉚put one’s thoughts/feelings into words 用语言表达自己的思想/感觉 He found it difficult to put his thoughts into words.他发现很难用语言表达自己的思想。 ㉛thorough /ˈθ ʌrə/ adj. 彻底的，完全的；仔细周到 a thorough understanding of… 透彻理解…… 形近 through prep. 穿过；从头到尾 ㉜in many different ways 以许多不同的方式 拓展 in this way 这样，用这种方法 ㉝be known as… 被称为…… ㉞death /deθ/ n.[C] 死，死亡;[U]死亡状态 拓展 die vi.死亡，凋谢；消亡 （过去式和过去分词均为died，现在分词为dying） ㉟point out 指出 We all too easily point out others’ mistakes.我们都太过轻易地指出别人的错误。 ㊱company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n.[U]陪伴，做伴 enjoy the company of… 享受……的陪伴；喜欢和……在一起 ㊲crowd /kraʊd/ n.[C]一伙人，一帮人 vi.聚集，群集 vt.使……拥挤 拓展 a crowd of/crowds of 一群/成群的…… crowd into… 大批涌入…… 派生词 crowded adj. 拥挤的 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Although sometimes we may enjoy being alone for improvement, we can't live without friends and we can benefit a lot 　1　 close friendships.  First, close friendships may comfort our hearts. With true friends, we are free 　2　(share) our joy and sadness in full measure. We can say friendship has a double advantage—happiness 　3　(take) on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble 　4　(halve).  Second, we can achieve 　5　 better understanding and 　6　(judge) through conversations with kind and wise friends. It is easier for us to recognize others' 　7　(weakness) than our own. On the other hand, our friends are 　8　(well) able to offer advice to us when we make important decisions.  Third, friends may help us in many different ways. Because friends may have many different ideas and skills, they can help us achieve 　9　 we want in life.  Finally, it should 　10　(point) out that we should carefully choose friends and develop relationships cautiously.  1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   二.一词多义 1.It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  2.The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  3.It is an actor whose name escapes me for the moment.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  4.Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call from the manager.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  5.Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the company of family and friends.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  三.单句语法填空 1.Successful people are not always good at dealing with 　　　　　(fail).  2.Your hair's health is a 　　　　　(reflect) of your body's health.  3.Regular running reduces the risk of heart disease and early 　　　　　(death) from all causes.  4.Pre-school children who spend time together take 　　　　　 one another's personalities, new research has found.  5.The programme is meant 　　　　　(educate) people on traffic safety.  6.It is possible that the tension between parents and children can smooth 　　　　　.  7.While developing the economy, we should reduce the damage to the environment 　　　　　 full measure.  8.It 　　　　　 (recognize) that the Silk Road is a bridge of cultures between China and many other countries.  9.We found 　　　　　 difficult to connect sentences together and develop a paragraph.  10.Those 　　　　　 are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.  四.完成句子 1.房间里有太多噪声了,他无法使自己的声音被别人听到。(make的复合结构) There was too much noise in the room,so he couldn't 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—环境描写)  2.在医院里许多病人可以从这种新疗法中获益。(一句多译;treatment) ①Many patients can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the hospital.(benefit n.)  ②Many patients can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the hospital.(benefit v.)   3.有些学生发现清晨起床很困难。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the early morning.(it作形式宾语)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the early morning.(it作形式主语)  课文知识解析 1．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映 As we walk “the path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts，for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.(教材P39)当我们走“人生之路”时，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为一段时间的安静反思会带来个人的进步。 on/upon reflection　经再三思考 reflect on/upon sth 认真思考…… be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 ①On reflection，we decided to change our plan.经再三考虑后，我们决定改变计划。 ②The manager needed more time to reflect on/upon what to do.经理需要更多的时间来思考做什么。 ③His face was_ reflected(reflect) in the mirror.他的脸映在镜子里。 2．seek(sought，sought) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 However，when we seek to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.(教材P39) 然而，当我们寻求独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是躲进自己的世界里去。 seek (for) sth　寻找/追求某物 seek after 追求；寻求 seek to do sth 设法做某事 ①We are all seeking (for) happiness while few of us know what is happiness.我们都在寻求幸福，但我们当中很少人知道幸福是什么。 ②Obviously they came here to seek after truth.显然他们是为了追求真理而来的。 ③They are a group of young graduates seeking to succeed (succeed) in life.他们是一群探索人生成功之路的年轻毕业生。 3．escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱(教材P39) (1)escape (doing) sth　逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 (2)sth escape(s) sb 某物被某人遗忘；未被注意 (3)escape n. 逃跑；逃脱 fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ①It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed (kill) in the traffic accident on the other day.据说前些天他在那场交通事故中死里逃生。 ②I’m sure I have learned the word，but its meaning just escapes me．我确定学过这个词，但就是记不起它的意思了。 ③Last year I had a narrow escape，and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。 4．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.(教材P39)当我们生活在社会群体中的时候，我们可以享受到友谊的许多好处。 (1)for the benefit of...　 为了……的利益 be of (much/great) benefit to sb 对某人(非常)有益处 (2)benefit from/by... 从……中受益；得益于…… benefit sb 对某人有益 (3)beneficial adj. 有益的 be (very) beneficial to sb 对某人(非常)有益处 ①Fresh air is of benefit to our health. ＝Fresh air is beneficial to our health.新鲜空气有益于健康。 ②I’m sure that I’ll come to love English dance and benefit a lot from your lecture.我相信我会爱上英语舞蹈，并从你的演讲中获益良多。 ③It was for the benefit of your company that we did that.我们这样做是为了贵公司的利益。 5．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；衰退，衰竭；故障；未履行 The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure.(教材P39) 友谊的第一个果实是与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败所带来的和平。 (1)a failure　　一个失败的人，一件失败的事 (2)fail v. 在……中失败；忘记；未能(做某事) fail to do sth 没能做某事 fail (in) sth 失败，没有通过 ①You will learn about the school’s class sizes，areas of success and failure，and so on.你将了解学校的班级规模，成功和失败的领域，等等。 ②I’m not talking about those who fail to get(get) to the top.We can’t all get there.我不是说那些没能登上顶峰的人。我们并非都能到达那里。 ③The businessman has achieved great success in his career，but as a father，he is a failure.这位商人在事业上取得了巨大的成功，但作为一位父亲，他是个失败者。 ④I failed in my English test last term.上学期我英语考试不及格。 [名师指津]　抽象名词用作本义时，一般是不可数的。但个别抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，被称作抽象名词具体化，此时名词的词义将发生变化。 success [U]成功，成名；[C]成功的人或事物 comfort [U]安慰，宽慰；[C]令人感到安慰的人或事 pleasure [U]高兴，快乐；[C]乐事，趣事 surprise [U]惊奇，吃惊；[C]令人惊奇的人或事 6．recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(教材P39)我们经常发现识别他人的弱点比识别我们自己的更容易。 (1)be recognized to be/as...被认作……/被认为是…… recognize that... 认识到/承认…… It is recognized that... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n. 认识；认出 beyond recognition 认不出来 ①The film is now recognized as/to be a classic.这部电影现在是一部公认的经典影片。 ②It is widely recognized that drug－abuse will cause a huge loss of both life and wealth.众所周知，滥用毒品会造成巨大的生命和财产损失。 ③My hometown has changed beyond recognition(recognize) since I was last here.自从我上次离开这里以来，我的家乡已经变得让人认不出来了。 7．company n．陪伴，作伴；公司 Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.(教材P40) 最后，应该指出的是，享受一群人的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。 (1) keep sb company　陪伴某人 in company with... 与……一起；与……同时 companion n. 同伴；陪伴；伴侣 (2)accompany vt. 伴随，陪同；为……伴奏 accompany sb to... 陪伴某人去…… accompany sb at/on 为某人伴奏 be accompanied with/by... 伴随……发生；由……陪同 ①My grandma came to keep me company while my parents were out. ＝My grandma came to accompany me while my parents were out.我的奶奶在我父母外出时过来陪我。 ②She asked me to accompany her to the airport last night.昨天晚上她要求我陪她去机场。 ③Children，when they are accompanied by/with their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.有家长陪伴时，孩子们才被允许进入体育场。 ④Who’s going to accompany him on/at the piano?谁将为他钢琴伴奏？ [名师指津]　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表达成accompany sb to do sth，而是表达成do sth in the company of sb。 8．crowd n．一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌(教材P40) (1)crowd in (on sb)　　(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 crowd into... 大批涌入…… (2)the crowd 人群，观众，群众 a crowd of 一群…… (3)crowded adj. 拥挤的 be crowded with... 挤满，满是…… ①Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都涌上心头。我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。 ②As soon as the gate was opened，the people around crowded into the supermarket.超市大门一开，四周的人都蜂拥而入。 ③There were a large crowd of people in the hall.大厅里有一大群人。 ④On the National Day，the streets were crowded(crowd) with a large number of people.国庆节这天，大街上人头攒动。 9．take on呈现，具有 Here，friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! (教材P39) 在这里，友谊有双重优势——幸福具有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半！ take away 拿走；消除 take in 摄入，吸收；欺骗 take off 脱下；起飞；成功 take over 接管 take up 从事；占据；继续 ①These books must not be taken away from the library.这些书不准带出图书馆。 ②Can you take__over my job while I am away on holiday？我离开度假期间，你可以接管我的工作吗？ ③Meetings and phone calls take__up a large part of the day.开会和接电话占用了一天中的很大一部分时间。 ④The new dictionary has really taken off．这部新词典极受欢迎。 10.We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(教材P39)我们经常发现识别他人的弱点比识别我们自己的更容易。 本句中it作动词find的形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own作真正的宾语，形容词easier作宾补。 句型基本结构是：主语＋及物动词＋it作形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。 (1)常用于以上结构的动词还有feel，think，find，consider，make等词。 (2)宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词；真正宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词或从句。 ①It was the culture，rather than the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.使他很难适应国外新环境的是文化而不是语言。 ②He thinks it of great importance that he puts some money aside every month.他认为他每个月存点钱很重要。 ③I consider it no use advising(advise) him to quit smoking.我认为劝说他戒烟是没有用的。 综合训练 一.完形填空 (2025江苏泗阳期中) 　　I used to be a shy girl. I often read alone in the school library, 　1　 to talk with others. My classmates noticed my 　2　, but none of them dared to approach me until one sunny afternoon.  It was during the school's annual culture festival. Every student was 　3　 to display a special talent. I decided to show my painting skills, hoping to express myself without using words. As I placed my best picture on the display table, I noticed a 　4　 smile from a boy named James. James was outgoing. He walked up to me and praised me for my 　5　. I managed to thank him with a small smile, feeling a bit 　6　. Then James shared his love for photography, 　7　 how he captures life's beauty through his camera lens(镜头). I listened 　8　 and was attracted by his stories. Over the next few weeks, we had a 　9　 every day. James encouraged me to join the school's photography club, where I discovered some 　10　 in photography.  One day, I reflected on my past shyness. James, sensing my thoughts, 　11　 reminded me that everyone has a journey and it's OK to 　12　 as you grow. What he said deeply 　13　 me. I realized that making friends wasn't just about filling a gap but about sharing life's wonders. With James's friendship, I learned to 　14　 and soon I was no longer a lonely girl. I had found a true 　15　 who accepted me for who I was and encouraged me to accept my true self.  1.A.unprepared　　　　 B.unable C.unwilling　　　　 D.unashamed 2.A.loneliness　　　　 B.tiredness C.carelessness　　　　 D.selfishness 3.A.driven　　　　 B.warned C.urged　　　　 D.required 4.A.weak　　　　 B.cold C.friendly　　　　 D.strange 5.A.video　　　　 B.painting C.poster　　　　 D.photograph 6.A.unsafe　　　　 B.fortunate C.special　　　　 D.awkward 7.A.admitting　　　　 B.declaring C.explaining　　　　 D.proving 8.A.doubtfully　　　　 B.carefully C.nervously　　　　 D.secretly 9.A.story　　　　 B.conversation C.report　　　　 D.lesson 10.A.interest　　　　 B.courage C.energy　　　　 D.expectation 11.A.suddenly　　　　 B.hurriedly C.anxiously　　　　 D.gently 12.A.change　　　　 B.choose C.continue　　　　 D.lose 13.A.surprised　　　　 B.amused C.disappointed　　　　 D.touched 14.A.show off　　　　 B.open up C.turn down　　　　 D.hold on 15.A.stranger　　　　 B.teacher C.friend　　　　 D.expert 二.语法填空 (2025江苏省江阴长泾中学期中) Friendship, a bond valued by many, is an essential aspect of human existence. It is a relationship 　1　(base) on mutual affection. But in fact, friendship is more than just a relationship; it is an experience that 　2　(teach) us about companionship, empathy, understanding, and the art of balancing our own needs 　3　 the needs of others.  The beauty of friendship lies 　4　 its simplicity and versatility. Friends can be found in the most unexpected place—a colleague at work, a neighbor, or even a complete 　5　(strange). Friendship knows no boundaries; it goes beyond age, gender, race, religion, and even culture. Friends can be found all over the world, 　6　(connect) by the invisible thread of 　7　(share) experiences and understanding.  The true essence of friendship is seen in the little things—a phone call to check on a friend, a text message to wish someone 　8　 happy birthday, or a simple hug after a long day. It is the thoughtfulness and consideration that friends show towards each other, 　9　 makes their relationships so special.  In conclusion, friendship is an essential part of life. Friends are not just people we meet along the way; they are the ones who shape our lives and make our experiences 　10　(rich) and more meaningful.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   三.七选五 (2025河北大名一中月考) How to handle changes in your friendship group? 　　Friends are important. From time to time, however, the balance in friendships can change. One of the biggest reasons is that someone new joins the group. 　1　 The good news is that there are ways to navigate the ups and downs of friendships while remaining part of a positive, happy, and supportive circle.  Keep an open mind Changes in friendship groups can be unsettling, especially if everything had been going well beforehand. You might be concerned things feel awkward or different, or that you might become jealous if a new person joins your circle. 　2　 You can't stop your friends having new people in their lives, so try to see encounters with fresh faces as an exciting opportunity.  Widen your circle 　　If your best friends seem to stop being interested in you and appear to be investing all their time in a new friend, take time to think about the situation before rushing to confront them. 　3　 Having different friends is a positive thing, so if it's the case that they're welcoming new people into the fold, try to make peace with it and think about how you can make other friends, too. 　4　 Recognize that they and you will have a mixture of pals and they'll enhance your life in different ways.  Know your worth Friends are amazing and can carry you through good and bad times, but you're not defined by others, and you deserve people who want to be in your life. Everyone changes, and there might come a time when friends no longer wish to spend time with you. 　5　 Keep your head held high, walk tall, and stay true to your authentic self. Remember that real friends value you for who and what you are.  A.Help your friends be open-minded. B.Imagine how you'd feel if you were left alone. C.This doesn't mean giving up on your best friends. D.Even if you can't change their minds, you can keep your dignity. E.Remind yourself that friendships develop throughout life—it's natural. F.You might dislike the change, wishing things had stayed as they were. G.Ask yourself if they're really ignoring you or just widening their circle. 1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　  1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 课文（Extended reading）讲解 Extended reading课文对译解读 Extended reading Read the essay about the importance of friendship. Of Friendship As we walk the "path of life"（as引导的时间状语从句）,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection ① can lead to personal improvement. However,when we seek to ② be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape ③ into our（“be careful that…” 意为“小心/注意……”。） own world.Social life is also important to us. More often than not ④,close friendships will help smooth out ⑤ the sometimes rocky road ⑥ that we are all meant to ⑦ travel（that引导的定语从句，修饰the rocky road，that在从句中作travel的宾语。）. As we live in social groups（as引导的原因状语从句）, there are many benefits ⑧ of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking ⑨ , close friendships have three "fruits":they may comfort the heart ⑩ ,advise the head and help us achieve the goals ⑪ we set for ourselves（省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰the goals。）.Through friendship, we can become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans. The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy ⑫, sadness,success and failure ⑬ （share的宾语"our joy…and failure"过长，将其后置以平衡句子结构。）.Here,friendship has a double advantage ⑭ —happiness takes on ⑮ a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved ⑯!Naturally ⑰,this kind of openness results from ⑱ a close friendship. With true friends,we feel free to ⑲ share our joy and sadness in full measure ⑳ . We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness ㉑.Indeed ㉒,the human heart depends on ㉓ such opportunities for comfort and protection. The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning ㉔ and wise friends. We often find it easier to recognize ㉕ other people’s weaknesses ㉖ than our own（“find+形式宾语it+宾补（easier）+真正的宾语（to recognize…own）”结构）. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings,our judgements might be one-sided ㉗ .On the other hand（［语用］用于引出不同的或对立的观点、思想等，其前的观点通常由on the one hand引出。）, our friends are better able to offer advice on ㉘ important decisions that we all have to make. Also,when we want to talk our problems over with ㉙ a friend,we have to put our thoughts into words ㉚ first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer（“make+宾语（our thoughts）+宾补（clearer）”结构） and brings us a more thorough ㉛ understanding of our problems. The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways ㉜.Sometimes a friend is even known as ㉝ our "second self".There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills.They can help us achieve what we want during life and,perhaps,even after death ㉞ （what引导的宾语从句，作achieve的宾语。）. Finally,it should be pointed out ㉟ that enjoying the company ㊱ of a crowd ㊲ is not the same as being with friends（ it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句（that…with friends）。其中enjoying…crowd为动词-ing短语作从句的主语。）.Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.（and连接的两个分句结构相同，谓语部分都用了should be，那么可省略第二个分句中relationships后的should be。）In this way,we can better walk the "path of life" with the comfort,advice and help from our trusted friends. （Adapted from "Of Friendship",an essay written by Francis Bacon（“Of Friendship”的同位语）, a great English writer,scientist and philosopher（Francis Bacon的同位语，说明其身份。）） 论友谊 走在“人生的道路”上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。然而，当我们试图独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。社交生活对我们同样重要。通常，亲密的友情能帮助我们踏平有时坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。 因为我们置身于社会群体中，所以我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。总体而言，亲密友谊的“硕果”有三:它们也许能抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮我们实现既定目标。通过友谊，我们可以变成更幸福、更睿智、更满足的人。 友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们的喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。在这里，友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半！当然，这种开诚布公源于亲密无间的友谊。我们可以与真正的朋友毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。我们知道，朋友既会尊重我们的情感，也会珍视这些亲密的时光。实际上，人的内心依赖这些机会以获取慰藉和庇护。 友谊的第二个硕果是通过与善意的和明智的朋友交谈可以获得更好的理解力和判断力。我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。因此，如果我们纯粹被自己的感情所支配，我们的判断就可能是片面的。另一方面，在我们必须要作出的重大决定上，朋友往往能给出更好的建议。此外，想和朋友详谈自己的问题时，我们首先得把自己的想法付诸语言。单是这点，就能让我们更好地厘清思路，并对自身的问题有更透彻的认识。 友谊的第三个硕果是朋友以各种不同的方式为我们提供的帮助。有时， 朋友甚至被誉为我们的“第二个自己”。生活中有太多事，只有在朋友的帮助下才能成功。朋友也许拥有诸多不同的想法和技能。他们能帮助我们在生前，甚至是在我们故去之后，获得我们想要之物。 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。选择朋友须谨慎，经营友情须用心。如此，我们才能在挚友的抚慰、建议和帮助下，更好地走过“人生之路”。 （改写自英国伟大的作家、科学家和哲学家弗朗西斯·培根的随笔《论友谊》） 课文重点词汇 ①reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n.[U]沉思；反射；[C]映像；反映 拓展 on/upon reflection 经过思考 on further reflection 进一步思考后 派生构词 reflect（v.）+-ion（名词后缀）→reflection（n.） ②seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek /si:k/ （sought, sought） vi.试图，设法 ③escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ vt.& vi.逃避 ④more often than not 通常，往往，一贯 ⑤smooth out 使平坦，使光滑;消除（问题），克服（困难） 搭配 smooth out problems 消除问题 smooth out difficulties 克服困难 ⑥the rocky road 坎坷/多石的道路 rocky /ˈrɒki/ adj.岩石的，多岩石的;困难的 ⑦be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事;应做某事 Capable and responsible, Jack is meant to be a monitor.能力强又有责任心，杰克应该当班长。（应用文写作之人物介绍） ⑧benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n.[U，C]优势，益处，成效 ⑨generally speaking 一般来说 拓展 frankly speaking 坦率地说 personally speaking 就我个人来说 broadly speaking 大致说来 strictly speaking 严格说来 ⑩comfort the heart 抚慰心灵 comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ vt.宽慰，抚慰 ⑪achieve the goals 实现目标 set a goal 设定目标 ⑫joy /dʒɔɪ /n.[U]高兴，愉快；[C]令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣 share joy with… 与……分享快乐 ⑬failure /ˈfeɪljə（r）/ n.[U，C]失败 派生构词 fail（vi.& vt.失败）+-ure（名词后缀）→failure（n.） ⑭have a double advantage 有双重优势 ⑮take on 呈现，具有 ⑯halve /hɑːv/ vt.& vi.（使）减半 ⑰naturally adv. 自然而然地（修饰整个句子） ⑱result from 由……引起,因……产生 ⑲feel free to do sth. 可以随心所欲做某事 ⑳in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地 ㉑moments of closeness 亲密时光 treasure the moment of… 珍惜……的时刻 moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n.[C]时光，时机；瞬间；[sing.]某个时刻 拓展 at the moment 此刻, 眼下, 目前 for the moment 暂时; 目前 in a moment 马上，很快 ㉒indeed /ɪnˈdi:d/ adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地 ㉓depend on/upon 依靠；依赖；取决于 ㉔well-meaning /ˌwelˈmi:nɪŋ/ adj. 出于好心的，善意的 ㉕recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ vt.承认，意识到 ㉖weakness n. [C]弱点 派生构词 weak（adj.）+-ness（名词后缀）→weakness（n.） ㉗one-sided adj.片面的 You should be careful to avoid being one-sided when thinking about a problem. 你考虑问题的时候切忌片面。 ㉘offer advice on… 在……方面提供建议 ㉙talk sth.over with sb. 和某人详细讨论/详谈某事（以达成协议或作出决定） ㉚put one’s thoughts/feelings into words 用语言表达自己的思想/感觉 He found it difficult to put his thoughts into words.他发现很难用语言表达自己的思想。 ㉛thorough /ˈθ ʌrə/ adj. 彻底的，完全的；仔细周到 a thorough understanding of… 透彻理解…… 形近 through prep. 穿过；从头到尾 ㉜in many different ways 以许多不同的方式 拓展 in this way 这样，用这种方法 ㉝be known as… 被称为…… ㉞death /deθ/ n.[C] 死，死亡;[U]死亡状态 拓展 die vi.死亡，凋谢；消亡 （过去式和过去分词均为died，现在分词为dying） ㉟point out 指出 We all too easily point out others’ mistakes.我们都太过轻易地指出别人的错误。 ㊱company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n.[U]陪伴，做伴 enjoy the company of… 享受……的陪伴；喜欢和……在一起 ㊲crowd /kraʊd/ n.[C]一伙人，一帮人 vi.聚集，群集 vt.使……拥挤 拓展 a crowd of/crowds of 一群/成群的…… crowd into… 大批涌入…… 派生词 crowded adj. 拥挤的 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Although sometimes we may enjoy being alone for improvement, we can't live without friends and we can benefit a lot 　1　 close friendships.  First, close friendships may comfort our hearts. With true friends, we are free 　2　(share) our joy and sadness in full measure. We can say friendship has a double advantage—happiness 　3　(take) on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble 　4　(halve).  Second, we can achieve 　5　 better understanding and 　6　(judge) through conversations with kind and wise friends. It is easier for us to recognize others' 　7　(weakness) than our own. On the other hand, our friends are 　8　(well) able to offer advice to us when we make important decisions.  Third, friends may help us in many different ways. Because friends may have many different ideas and skills, they can help us achieve 　9　 we want in life.  Finally, it should 　10　(point) out that we should carefully choose friends and develop relationships cautiously.  1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   1.【答案】from/by　 【解析】考查介词。benefit from/by...意为“从……中获益”,为固定搭配。故填from或by。 2.【答案】to share　 【解析】考查动词不定式。be free to do sth.意为“随心所欲地做某事”,为固定用法。故填to share。 3.【答案】takes　 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文的时态和此处语境可知应用一般现在时,且主语为不可数名词happiness,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填takes。 4.【答案】halved　 【解析】考查过去分词。句中已有谓语动词,设空处作后置定语,修饰a trouble,a trouble与所给提示词halve之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填halved。 5.【答案】a　 【解析】考查冠词。固定搭配a better understanding意为“更好的理解”。故填a。 6.【答案】judg(e)ment　 【解析】考查名词。根据空前的and可知设空处与understanding并列,应用名词。故填judg(e)ment。 7.【答案】weaknesses　 【解析】考查名词复数。设空处作宾语,weakness表示“弱点,缺点,不足”时为可数名词,根据空前的others'可知,别人的弱点不止一个,所以应用复数形式。故填weaknesses。 8.【答案】better　 【解析】考查副词的比较级。结合上一句可知此处含有比较的意思,应用比较级。故填better。 9.【答案】what　 【解析】考查引导词。分析句子可知,空前为动词achieve,空后部分缺少宾语,由此可推知设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语,表示“……的事物”。故填what。 10.【答案】be pointed　 【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子可知,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that引导的从句。it与point out之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填be pointed。 二.一词多义 1.It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  2.The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  3.It is an actor whose name escapes me for the moment.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  4.Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call from the manager.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  5.Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the company of family and friends.词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　  1.【答案】动词;避免　句意:据说他在前几天的交通事故中险些丧命。 2.【答案】动词;逃跑　句意:当齐亚德从树上逃跑时,成年蜜蜂愤怒地继续攻击。 3.【答案】动词;被忘掉　句意:这是一个我一时想不起来名字的演员。 4.【答案】名词;公司　句意:几个月后,在另一家公司的求职面试后我接到了经理的电话。 5.【答案】名词;陪伴　句意:春节是亲朋好友相伴的欢乐时光。 三.单句语法填空 1.Successful people are not always good at dealing with 　　　　　(fail).  2.Your hair's health is a 　　　　　(reflect) of your body's health.  3.Regular running reduces the risk of heart disease and early 　　　　　(death) from all causes.  4.Pre-school children who spend time together take 　　　　　 one another's personalities, new research has found.  5.The programme is meant 　　　　　(educate) people on traffic safety.  6.It is possible that the tension between parents and children can smooth 　　　　　.  7.While developing the economy, we should reduce the damage to the environment 　　　　　 full measure.  8.It 　　　　　 (recognize) that the Silk Road is a bridge of cultures between China and many other countries.  9.We found 　　　　　 difficult to connect sentences together and develop a paragraph.  10.Those 　　　　　 are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.  1.【答案】failure　 【解析】考查名词。设空处作dealing with的宾语,由语境可知应用名词,此处表示抽象意义用不可数名词,failure表示“失败”。故填failure。句意:成功的人并不总是善于处理失败。 2.【答案】reflection　 【解析】考查名词。设空处作表语,空前为不定冠词a,应用名词单数形式。故填reflection。句意:你的头发的健康状况是你的身体健康状况的反映。 3.【答案】deaths　 【解析】考查名词复数。设空处应用名词作介词of的宾语,death表示“死亡”时为可数名词,前面没有限定词,应用复数形式。故填deaths。句意:经常跑步可以降低患心脏病和各种原因导致的早逝的风险。 4.【答案】on　 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:新的研究发现,花时间在一起的学龄前儿童会呈现出彼此的个性。take on意为“呈现,具有”。故填on。 5.【答案】to educate　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划旨在对人们进行交通安全教育。固定搭配be meant to do sth.意为“旨在/应该做某事”。故填to educate。 6.【答案】out　 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:有可能父母和孩子之间的紧张关系能消除。固定短语smooth out意为“消除”。故填out。 7.【答案】in　 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:在发展经济的同时,我们应该最大程度地减少对环境的破坏。固定短语in full measure意为“最大程度地”。故填in。 8.【答案】is recognized　 【解析】考查固定句型。句意:人们认为丝绸之路是中国与许多其他国家之间的文化桥梁。固定句型It is recognized that...意为“人们认为……”。故填is recognized。 9.【答案】it　 【解析】考查代词。此处考查“find it+adj.+to do sth.”结构,其中it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填it。句意:我们发现很难把句子连接起来并拓展成一个段落。 10.【答案】who　 【解析】考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为Those,“　　　　 are on the losing side”缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,先行词为Those,指人,宜用关系代词who引导。句意:那些处于失败一方的人往往只有他们的物品来讲述他们的故事。  四.完成句子 1.房间里有太多噪声了,他无法使自己的声音被别人听到。(make的复合结构) There was too much noise in the room,so he couldn't 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—环境描写)  2.在医院里许多病人可以从这种新疗法中获益。(一句多译;treatment) ①Many patients can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the hospital.(benefit n.)  ②Many patients can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the hospital.(benefit v.)   3.有些学生发现清晨起床很困难。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the early morning.(it作形式宾语)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the early morning.(it作形式主语)  【答案】1.make himself heard　2.①have the benefit of the new treatment　②benefit from/by the new treatment 3.①Some students find it very hard to get up　②Some students find it is very hard to get up 课文知识解析 1．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映 As we walk “the path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts，for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.(教材P39)当我们走“人生之路”时，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为一段时间的安静反思会带来个人的进步。 on/upon reflection　经再三思考 reflect on/upon sth 认真思考…… be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 ①On reflection，we decided to change our plan.经再三考虑后，我们决定改变计划。 ②The manager needed more time to reflect on/upon what to do.经理需要更多的时间来思考做什么。 ③His face was_ reflected(reflect) in the mirror.他的脸映在镜子里。 2．seek(sought，sought) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 However，when we seek to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.(教材P39) 然而，当我们寻求独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是躲进自己的世界里去。 seek (for) sth　寻找/追求某物 seek after 追求；寻求 seek to do sth 设法做某事 ①We are all seeking (for) happiness while few of us know what is happiness.我们都在寻求幸福，但我们当中很少人知道幸福是什么。 ②Obviously they came here to seek after truth.显然他们是为了追求真理而来的。 ③They are a group of young graduates seeking to succeed (succeed) in life.他们是一群探索人生成功之路的年轻毕业生。 3．escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱(教材P39) (1)escape (doing) sth　逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 (2)sth escape(s) sb 某物被某人遗忘；未被注意 (3)escape n. 逃跑；逃脱 fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ①It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed (kill) in the traffic accident on the other day.据说前些天他在那场交通事故中死里逃生。 ②I’m sure I have learned the word，but its meaning just escapes me．我确定学过这个词，但就是记不起它的意思了。 ③Last year I had a narrow escape，and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。 4．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.(教材P39)当我们生活在社会群体中的时候，我们可以享受到友谊的许多好处。 (1)for the benefit of...　 为了……的利益 be of (much/great) benefit to sb 对某人(非常)有益处 (2)benefit from/by... 从……中受益；得益于…… benefit sb 对某人有益 (3)beneficial adj. 有益的 be (very) beneficial to sb 对某人(非常)有益处 ①Fresh air is of benefit to our health. ＝Fresh air is beneficial to our health.新鲜空气有益于健康。 ②I’m sure that I’ll come to love English dance and benefit a lot from your lecture.我相信我会爱上英语舞蹈，并从你的演讲中获益良多。 ③It was for the benefit of your company that we did that.我们这样做是为了贵公司的利益。 5．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；衰退，衰竭；故障；未履行 The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure.(教材P39) 友谊的第一个果实是与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败所带来的和平。 (1)a failure　　一个失败的人，一件失败的事 (2)fail v. 在……中失败；忘记；未能(做某事) fail to do sth 没能做某事 fail (in) sth 失败，没有通过 ①You will learn about the school’s class sizes，areas of success and failure，and so on.你将了解学校的班级规模，成功和失败的领域，等等。 ②I’m not talking about those who fail to get(get) to the top.We can’t all get there.我不是说那些没能登上顶峰的人。我们并非都能到达那里。 ③The businessman has achieved great success in his career，but as a father，he is a failure.这位商人在事业上取得了巨大的成功，但作为一位父亲，他是个失败者。 ④I failed in my English test last term.上学期我英语考试不及格。 [名师指津]　抽象名词用作本义时，一般是不可数的。但个别抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，被称作抽象名词具体化，此时名词的词义将发生变化。 success [U]成功，成名；[C]成功的人或事物 comfort [U]安慰，宽慰；[C]令人感到安慰的人或事 pleasure [U]高兴，快乐；[C]乐事，趣事 surprise [U]惊奇，吃惊；[C]令人惊奇的人或事 6．recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(教材P39)我们经常发现识别他人的弱点比识别我们自己的更容易。 (1)be recognized to be/as...被认作……/被认为是…… recognize that... 认识到/承认…… It is recognized that... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n. 认识；认出 beyond recognition 认不出来 ①The film is now recognized as/to be a classic.这部电影现在是一部公认的经典影片。 ②It is widely recognized that drug－abuse will cause a huge loss of both life and wealth.众所周知，滥用毒品会造成巨大的生命和财产损失。 ③My hometown has changed beyond recognition(recognize) since I was last here.自从我上次离开这里以来，我的家乡已经变得让人认不出来了。 7．company n．陪伴，作伴；公司 Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.(教材P40) 最后，应该指出的是，享受一群人的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。 (1) keep sb company　陪伴某人 in company with... 与……一起；与……同时 companion n. 同伴；陪伴；伴侣 (2)accompany vt. 伴随，陪同；为……伴奏 accompany sb to... 陪伴某人去…… accompany sb at/on 为某人伴奏 be accompanied with/by... 伴随……发生；由……陪同 ①My grandma came to keep me company while my parents were out. ＝My grandma came to accompany me while my parents were out.我的奶奶在我父母外出时过来陪我。 ②She asked me to accompany her to the airport last night.昨天晚上她要求我陪她去机场。 ③Children，when they are accompanied by/with their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.有家长陪伴时，孩子们才被允许进入体育场。 ④Who’s going to accompany him on/at the piano?谁将为他钢琴伴奏？ [名师指津]　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表达成accompany sb to do sth，而是表达成do sth in the company of sb。 8．crowd n．一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌(教材P40) (1)crowd in (on sb)　　(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 crowd into... 大批涌入…… (2)the crowd 人群，观众，群众 a crowd of 一群…… (3)crowded adj. 拥挤的 be crowded with... 挤满，满是…… ①Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都涌上心头。我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。 ②As soon as the gate was opened，the people around crowded into the supermarket.超市大门一开，四周的人都蜂拥而入。 ③There were a large crowd of people in the hall.大厅里有一大群人。 ④On the National Day，the streets were crowded(crowd) with a large number of people.国庆节这天，大街上人头攒动。 9．take on呈现，具有 Here，friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! (教材P39) 在这里，友谊有双重优势——幸福具有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半！ take away 拿走；消除 take in 摄入，吸收；欺骗 take off 脱下；起飞；成功 take over 接管 take up 从事；占据；继续 ①These books must not be taken away from the library.这些书不准带出图书馆。 ②Can you take__over my job while I am away on holiday？我离开度假期间，你可以接管我的工作吗？ ③Meetings and phone calls take__up a large part of the day.开会和接电话占用了一天中的很大一部分时间。 ④The new dictionary has really taken off．这部新词典极受欢迎。 10.We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(教材P39)我们经常发现识别他人的弱点比识别我们自己的更容易。 本句中it作动词find的形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own作真正的宾语，形容词easier作宾补。 句型基本结构是：主语＋及物动词＋it作形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。 (1)常用于以上结构的动词还有feel，think，find，consider，make等词。 (2)宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词；真正宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词或从句。 ①It was the culture，rather than the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.使他很难适应国外新环境的是文化而不是语言。 ②He thinks it of great importance that he puts some money aside every month.他认为他每个月存点钱很重要。 ③I consider it no use advising(advise) him to quit smoking.我认为劝说他戒烟是没有用的。 综合训练 一.完形填空 (2025江苏泗阳期中) 　　I used to be a shy girl. I often read alone in the school library, 　1　 to talk with others. My classmates noticed my 　2　, but none of them dared to approach me until one sunny afternoon.  It was during the school's annual culture festival. Every student was 　3　 to display a special talent. I decided to show my painting skills, hoping to express myself without using words. As I placed my best picture on the display table, I noticed a 　4　 smile from a boy named James. James was outgoing. He walked up to me and praised me for my 　5　. I managed to thank him with a small smile, feeling a bit 　6　. Then James shared his love for photography, 　7　 how he captures life's beauty through his camera lens(镜头). I listened 　8　 and was attracted by his stories. Over the next few weeks, we had a 　9　 every day. James encouraged me to join the school's photography club, where I discovered some 　10　 in photography.  One day, I reflected on my past shyness. James, sensing my thoughts, 　11　 reminded me that everyone has a journey and it's OK to 　12　 as you grow. What he said deeply 　13　 me. I realized that making friends wasn't just about filling a gap but about sharing life's wonders. With James's friendship, I learned to 　14　 and soon I was no longer a lonely girl. I had found a true 　15　 who accepted me for who I was and encouraged me to accept my true self.  1.A.unprepared　　　　 B.unable C.unwilling　　　　 D.unashamed 2.A.loneliness　　　　 B.tiredness C.carelessness　　　　 D.selfishness 3.A.driven　　　　 B.warned C.urged　　　　 D.required 4.A.weak　　　　 B.cold C.friendly　　　　 D.strange 5.A.video　　　　 B.painting C.poster　　　　 D.photograph 6.A.unsafe　　　　 B.fortunate C.special　　　　 D.awkward 7.A.admitting　　　　 B.declaring C.explaining　　　　 D.proving 8.A.doubtfully　　　　 B.carefully C.nervously　　　　 D.secretly 9.A.story　　　　 B.conversation C.report　　　　 D.lesson 10.A.interest　　　　 B.courage C.energy　　　　 D.expectation 11.A.suddenly　　　　 B.hurriedly C.anxiously　　　　 D.gently 12.A.change　　　　 B.choose C.continue　　　　 D.lose 13.A.surprised　　　　 B.amused C.disappointed　　　　 D.touched 14.A.show off　　　　 B.open up C.turn down　　　　 D.hold on 15.A.stranger　　　　 B.teacher C.friend　　　　 D.expert 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一个害羞的女孩,在朋友的鼓励和帮助下,逐渐变得开朗,学会了与人交流和分享生活,最终找到了真正的友谊的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.approach v.接近,靠近 n.方法 2.annual adj.年度的　3.display v.& n.展示　4.talent n.天赋,才能;天才　5.attract v.吸引,使喜爱;招引 6.remind v.提醒,使想起 1.【答案】C　 【解析】根据上文“I used to be a shy girl”可知,作者过去是一个害羞的女孩,所以她不愿意和别人交谈。故选C。 2.【答案】A　 【解析】根据上文“I often read alone”和下文“I was no longer a lonely girl”可知,此处指作者的孤独。故选A。 3.【答案】D　 【解析】根据下文的“I decided to show my painting skills”可知,作者决定展示自己的绘画技能,结合选项推测这里指每个学生都被要求展示一项特殊才能。故选D。 4.【答案】C　 【解析】根据下文可知,James性格外向,他走过来称赞了作者,所以他是对作者友好地微笑。故选C。 5.【答案】B　 【解析】根据上文“I decided to show my painting skills”可知,James称赞作者的画。故选B。 6.【答案】D　 【解析】根据上文可知,作者是一个害羞的女孩,结合选项可知她被称赞时可能会感到有点尴尬。故选D。 7.【答案】C　 【解析】根据下文“I listened 　8　 and was attracted by his stories.”可知,他解释他如何通过相机镜头捕捉生活中的美。故选C。  8.【答案】B　 【解析】根据下文“was attracted by his stories”可知,作者被James的故事吸引,所以她是仔细地听。故选B。 9.【答案】B　 【解析】根据上文可知,James和作者聊得很投机,所以此处指他们每天都有一次交谈。故选B。 10.【答案】A　 【解析】根据上文“Then James shared his love for photography”和“James encouraged me to join the school's photography club”可知,James分享了他对摄影的热爱,并鼓励作者加入学校的摄影俱乐部,所以推知作者发现了自己对摄影的兴趣。故选A。 11.【答案】D　 【解析】根据上文“James, sensing my thoughts”和下文“it's OK”可知,James是在安慰和鼓励作者,所以他应该是温和地提醒。故选D。 12.【答案】A　 【解析】根据上文“reminded me that everyone has a journey”可知,James告诉作者每个人都有一段旅程,所以随着成长改变是可以的。故选A。 13.【答案】D　 【解析】根据下文可知,作者意识到了交朋友不仅仅是为了填补空白,更是为了分享生活的奇迹,所以James的话深深地感动了作者。故选D。 14.【答案】B　 【解析】根据上文可知,作者很害羞,不愿意与他人交流,结合下文“soon I was no longer a lonely girl”可知,和James的友谊让她发生了改变,学会了敞开心扉。故选B。 15.【答案】C　 【解析】根据上文“With James's friendship”可知,作者找到了一个真正的朋友。故选C。 二.语法填空 (2025江苏省江阴长泾中学期中) Friendship, a bond valued by many, is an essential aspect of human existence. It is a relationship 　1　(base) on mutual affection. But in fact, friendship is more than just a relationship; it is an experience that 　2　(teach) us about companionship, empathy, understanding, and the art of balancing our own needs 　3　 the needs of others.  The beauty of friendship lies 　4　 its simplicity and versatility. Friends can be found in the most unexpected place—a colleague at work, a neighbor, or even a complete 　5　(strange). Friendship knows no boundaries; it goes beyond age, gender, race, religion, and even culture. Friends can be found all over the world, 　6　(connect) by the invisible thread of 　7　(share) experiences and understanding.  The true essence of friendship is seen in the little things—a phone call to check on a friend, a text message to wish someone 　8　 happy birthday, or a simple hug after a long day. It is the thoughtfulness and consideration that friends show towards each other, 　9　 makes their relationships so special.  In conclusion, friendship is an essential part of life. Friends are not just people we meet along the way; they are the ones who shape our lives and make our experiences 　10　(rich) and more meaningful.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类生存的一个重要部分——友谊。 【高频词汇】　1.bond n.关系;纽带,联系　2.essential adj.必不可少的,非常重要的;基本的　3.affection n.喜爱;钟爱　4.balance v.平衡　5.consideration n.考虑周到;深思　6.in conclusion总之 1.【答案】based　 【解析】考查过去分词。句意:这是一种建立在相互喜爱的基础上的关系。be based on...意为“以……为基础”,此处使用过去分词作后置定语。故填based。 2.【答案】teaches　 【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:但事实上,友谊不仅仅是一种关系;友谊是一种经历,教会了我们陪伴、同理心、理解以及平衡自己的需求和他人的需求的艺术。设空处为从句谓语,结合句意及两个is可知,此处描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,关系词that指代先行词experience,表示单数意义,谓语动词使用单数形式。故填teaches。 3.【答案】and　 【解析】考查连词。根据语境可知,our own needs和the needs of others之间是并列关系。故填and。 4.【答案】in　 【解析】考查介词。句意:友谊的美在于它的简单和多功能性。lie in...意为“在于……”。故填in。 5.【答案】stranger　 【解析】考查名词。句意:朋友可以在最意想不到的地方找到——工作中的同事、邻居,甚至一个完全陌生的人。由句意和空前的a可知,此处应填名词单数形式,指人,stranger意为“陌生人”。故填stranger。 6.【答案】connected　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:朋友可以遍布世界各地,通过共同的经历和理解这条无形的线联系起来。动词connect和逻辑主语Friends之间是被动关系,所以使用过去分词作状语。故填connected。 7.【答案】shared　 【解析】考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词短语experiences and understanding,表示“共有的,共享的”,应填形容词。故填shared。 8.【答案】a　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:友谊的真谛是在小事中体现出来的——一个问候朋友的电话、一条祝某人生日快乐的短信或者在漫长的一天后一个简单的拥抱。此处泛指“生日”,使用不定冠词,happy的发音以辅音音素开头,所以其前应用不定冠词a。故填a。 9.【答案】which　 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:朋友们对彼此展示出的是体贴和体谅,这使他们的关系如此特别。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的the thoughtfulness and consideration,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导,故填which。 10.【答案】richer　 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:朋友不仅仅是我们在途中遇到的人;他们是塑造了我们的生活,使我们的经历更丰富、更有意义的人。设空处和more meaningful并列,应用形容词比较级。故填richer。 三.七选五 (2025河北大名一中月考) How to handle changes in your friendship group? 　　Friends are important. From time to time, however, the balance in friendships can change. One of the biggest reasons is that someone new joins the group. 　1　 The good news is that there are ways to navigate the ups and downs of friendships while remaining part of a positive, happy, and supportive circle.  Keep an open mind Changes in friendship groups can be unsettling, especially if everything had been going well beforehand. You might be concerned things feel awkward or different, or that you might become jealous if a new person joins your circle. 　2　 You can't stop your friends having new people in their lives, so try to see encounters with fresh faces as an exciting opportunity.  Widen your circle 　　If your best friends seem to stop being interested in you and appear to be investing all their time in a new friend, take time to think about the situation before rushing to confront them. 　3　 Having different friends is a positive thing, so if it's the case that they're welcoming new people into the fold, try to make peace with it and think about how you can make other friends, too. 　4　 Recognize that they and you will have a mixture of pals and they'll enhance your life in different ways.  Know your worth Friends are amazing and can carry you through good and bad times, but you're not defined by others, and you deserve people who want to be in your life. Everyone changes, and there might come a time when friends no longer wish to spend time with you. 　5　 Keep your head held high, walk tall, and stay true to your authentic self. Remember that real friends value you for who and what you are.  A.Help your friends be open-minded. B.Imagine how you'd feel if you were left alone. C.This doesn't mean giving up on your best friends. D.Even if you can't change their minds, you can keep your dignity. E.Remind yourself that friendships develop throughout life—it's natural. F.You might dislike the change, wishing things had stayed as they were. G.Ask yourself if they're really ignoring you or just widening their circle. 1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　  语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何处理朋友圈的变化。 【高频词汇】　1.handle v.处理,应付　2.balance n.均衡,平衡 v.(使)保持平衡;权衡重要性　3.positive adj.积极的　4.especially adv.尤其,特别　5.concerned adj.担心的,关心的　6.enhance v.提高,增强　7.deserve v.值得,应得 【熟词生义】　fold 熟义:v.折叠　生义:n.志趣相同的人们;团体 1.【答案】F　 【解析】根据上文可知,友谊中的平衡有时会改变,最大的原因之一是有新人加入团体,F项“你可能不喜欢这种变化,希望事情保持原样”承接上文,说明你对变化的态度,并引起下文,介绍处理朋友圈的变化的建议,change是原词复现。故选F。 2.【答案】E　 【解析】根据上文可知,你可能会担心事情变得尴尬或不同,或者如果有新人加入你的圈子,你可能会嫉妒,下文“You can't stop...try to see...”在介绍建议,所以E项“提醒自己,友谊发展贯穿一生——这是自然的”符合语境,说明对待友谊的态度,与下文衔接紧密。故选E。 3.【答案】G　 【解析】根据上文可知,如果你的好朋友对你失去了兴趣,并且把所有时间都花在了一个新朋友身上,不要急着和他们对峙,花点时间思考一下这种情况,G项“问问自己,他们是真的忽视你,还是只是在扩大他们的圈子?”承接上文,介绍思考的内容。故选G。 4.【答案】C　 【解析】根据上文可知,拥有不同的朋友是一件积极的事情,所以如果他们正在欢迎新人加入团体中,尽量平和地接受这件事,并考虑你如何也能结交其他朋友,C项“这并不意味着对你最好的朋友不再抱有希望”承接上文,C项中的This指代上文提到的“you can make other friends, too”。故选C。 5.【答案】D　 【解析】根据上文可知,每个人都会改变,可能会有朋友不再愿意和你在一起的时刻,根据下文可知,作者建议要昂首挺胸,昂首阔步,做真实的自己,记住真正的朋友看重你是谁,你是什么。由此可推断,D项“即使你不能改变他们的想法,你也可以保持你的尊严”承上启下,其中dignity呼应“Keep your head held high, walk tall”。故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $