专题12 主谓一致（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦主谓一致四大核心考向，通过分层训练构建从基础到实战的知识网络，融合文化情境与真题演练，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|单句填空（32题）+语篇（3篇）|按语法一致、意义一致等考向分类设题，覆盖基础规则|从语法规则到意义理解，再到特殊结构，层层递进| |重难·创新演练|所给词填空（15题）+语篇（5篇）|结合农民画家、红山文化等新情境，考查复杂句式|在真实语境中深化主谓一致在时态、语态中的综合应用| |真题·实战演练|22道高考真题|聚焦高频考点，还原命题趋势|通过真题验证知识掌握，强化应试迁移能力|

专题12 主谓一致 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：语法上的一致，意义上的一致，就近一致，一些特殊结构的主谓一致 一、单句语法填空 考向01 语法一致 1.（2026届山东临沂市一模）During its opening, two core topics (address) in the discussions: the shared success of commerce and cities and the integrated innovation of art and business. 【答案】were addressed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：开幕式期间，讨论中涉及了两个核心话题：商业与城市的共同成功、艺术与商业的融合创新。此空考查谓语动词，主语two core topics与address为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were addressed。 2.（2026·江苏苏州市七校联考模拟预测）Graduates of various majors joining our group must train under their masters' guidance for three years, refining their mounting and restoration skills. That's how our restorers (cultivate)," says Ma. 【答案】are cultivated 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们的修复人员就是这样培养出来的。句子主语our restorers与cultivate之间是被动关系，且根据语境，此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语是复数，所以用are cultivated。故填are cultivated。 3．(2026·河北省承德市五校月考)Equipped with a camera to capture visual data, the system uses AI to analyze the surroundings, detect obstacles and key targets, and then it ________ (deliver) instructions. 【答案】delivers 【解析】根据uses可知，应用一般现在时；主语为it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填delivers。 4．(2026·江苏省如皋市学质量调研)Children were running around and playing, the elderly ________ (be) leisurely practicing tai chi, and young couples were strolling by the lake. 【答案】were 【解析】“the＋形容词”表示一类人，谓语动词应用复数形式。根据句中的were running和were strolling可知，此处be动词应用were。故填were。 5．(2026·辽宁省鞍山市部分学校一模)Stinging her fingers with needles ________ (be) a common occurrence, yet she never think of giving up. 【答案】is 【解析】描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语为动名词短语Stinging her fingers with needles，谓语动词应用is。故填is。 6．(2026·河南省永城市一模)One of their remarkable projects ________ (involve) creating high­resolution digital copies of the murals. 【答案】involves 【解析】此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；“one of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填involves。 7．(2026·陕青晋宁四省联考)So far, this unique experience ________ (bring) Chinese culture to life. 【答案】has brought 【解析】根据时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时；主语experience在此处是不可数名词，助动词应用has。故填has brought。 8．(2026·陕西省咸阳市实验中学质量检测)The vibrant Naadam festival, a cornerstone of Mongolian culture in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ________ (continue) to attract large numbers of locals and tourists each summer. 【答案】continues 【解析】根据时间状语each summer可知，应用一般现在时；主语The vibrant Naadam festival是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填continues。 9．(2026·浙江省“9＋1”联盟联考)Taking good notes ________ (be) a key part of the learning process. 【答案】is 【解析】动名词短语Taking good notes作主语，be动词应用单数形式。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。 10．(2026·辽宁省锦州市渤海大学附属高级中学月考)Over the past 47 years, the forest coverage rate of the TSFP－covering areas ________ (rise) by about 9%. 【答案】has risen 【解析】根据时间状语Over the past 47 years可知，应用现在完成时；主语the forest coverage rate为单数，助动词应用has。故填has risen。 考向02 意义上的一致 1.（2026·山东省烟台市诊断性测试）So far, Zhang, together with other designers, 64 (diversify) the craft beyond traditional baskets into earrings, phone cases and even car seat backs. A gourd-shaped bookmark she designed brought in over 100, 000 yuan in a single month. Last year, she launched her own brand. 【答案】has diversified 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，张和其他设计师一起，将这门工艺从传统篮子扩展到耳环、手机壳甚至汽车座椅靠背。根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“Zhang, together with other designers”的中心词是“Zhang”，为单数，所以助动词应用“has”，“diversify”的过去分词是“diversified”。故填has diversified。 2．(2026·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学月考)Over the past five years, large quantities of money ________ (spend) in improving the public transport in our province. 【答案】have been spent 【解析】根据时间状语Over the past five years可知，应用现在完成时；“large quantities of＋名词”作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，助动词应用have；money与spend之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填have been spent。 3．(2026·广西壮族自治区河池市月考)One sunny afternoon, the Roberts family ________ (be) busy moving to a new home near the busy streets of downtown. 【答案】was 【解析】主语为the Roberts family，指“Roberts一家”，视为一个整体单位(家庭)，be动词应用单数形式。根据时间状语One sunny afternoon可知，应用一般过去时。故填was。 3．With the development of technology, a large quantity of problems that used to be difficult to deal with (solve) by scientists recently. 【答案】have been solved 【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，大量过去难以处理的问题最近已经被科学家们解决了。recently表明要用现在完成时，problems与solve是被动关系，即问题被解决，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been +过去分词”。“a large quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于其后名词的形式，此处名词是复数，所以用助动词have，solve的过去分词是solved。 4．The number of such sports businesses (see) a notable increase in recent years, indicating a promising outlook in the industry. 【答案】has seen 【解析】句意：近年来，这类体育企业的数量显著增长，预示着该行业前景广阔。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in recent years可知应用现在完成时；主语The number of... 表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，所以助动词用has。 5．The entire audience (rise) to their feet, giving the performers a standing ovation that lasted several minutes. 【答案】were rising 【解析】考查主谓一致、时态。句意： 全场观众都站了起来，给予表演者持续数分钟的起立鼓掌。句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻 (表演结束时)正在发生的事件，时态用过去进行时。主语是The entire audience“全场观众”，是一个集体名词。根据句子动作rise to their feet“站起身来”可知，此处指观众中的每一个个体成员，be动词用were。故填were rising。 6．One hundred dollars, found at a small antique shop in Zurich, (be) widely considered a reasonable price for that exquisitely preserved vintage watch. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。句意：在苏黎世一家小古董店淘到的这块保存极为完好的古董腕表，标价100美元，被公认为是相当划算的价格。当复数形式的时间、金钱、距离、重量等名词被视为一个整体的量或单位时，谓语动词用单数，因此本句主语One hundred dollars看作一个整体，为单数意义，本句描述一个普遍看法，用一般现在时。故填is。 7．The staff in the marketing department (express) a range of opinions regarding the new campaign, with some voicing strong support and others remaining skeptical. 【答案】have expressed 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意： 市场部的员工们对新营销活动表达了一系列不同的看法，其中一些人表示强烈支持，而另一些人则持怀疑态度。句子主语 The staff 强调部门内各个成员的不同行为，视为复数，描述已经发生并对当前讨论有影响的动作，用现在完成时。故填 have expressed。 8．The board of directors, comprised of individuals with vastly conflicting interests, (struggle) to present a unified front to the press. 【答案】is struggling 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：由具有截然不同利益的人组成的董事会正在努力向媒体展示一个团结一致的形象。主语是 The board of directors (董事会)，一个集合名词，comprised of... 这个过去分词短语是插入的修饰语，描述董事会的构成，这里应将 board 视为一个单数整体，强调整体行为，用单数，时态上描述当前持续的状态，用现在进行时 is struggling。故填is struggling。 9．98% of the surface (be) covered permanently by ice and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态、主谓一致。句意：98%的表面常年被冰覆盖，在重力作用下形成的强风从极地吹向海岸线。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致，此处与surface保持一致，surface为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is。 10．A pair of vintage glasses (lie) on the antique desk, left behind by the previous owner. 【答案】lies 【解析】考查主谓一致、时态。句意： 一副老式眼镜位于那张古董书桌上，是前任主人留下的。当“a pair of+复数名词”表示一个成对的物品时，通常被视为一个整体。描述目前的状态，用一般现在时。主语是A pair of vintage glasses，被视为第三人称单数，谓语用lie“位于”的第三人称单数。故填lies。 11．Recent data indicates that over 40% of the workforce in this multinational corporation (adapt) to remote work arrangements since 2020. 【答案】have been adapting/have adapted 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：最新数据显示，自2020年以来，这家跨国公司超过40%的劳动力一直在适应远程工作安排。当“分数/百分比+ of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数常取决于of 后名词的性质；此处名词 workforce (劳动力)是一个集合名词，在本句语境中，adapt (适应)这一动作更可能被视为群体中许多个体员工的行为，因此，将主语视为复数概念更为自然，谓语动词应用复数形式，另外句子中有时间状语 since 2020，这是现在完成时或现在完成进行时的标志。故填 have been adapting/have adapted。 考向03 就近一致 1．Neither Mary nor her parents (inform) of the exciting news so far, which surprises us a lot. 【答案】have been informed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，玛丽和她的父母都没有得知这个令人兴奋的消息，这让我们感到非常惊讶。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为Neither Mary nor her parents，neither...nor...遵循就近原则，助动词用have。故填have been informed。 2．Not only he but also all his family (be) attracted by concerts by the famous musical band. 【答案】are 【解析】句意：不仅他，而且他全家都被这个著名乐队的音乐会所吸引。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。最近的主语为all his family，此处指家庭成员们（复数概念），be动词用are。 3．There (be) an old temple and some ancient trees on the top of the mountain. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：山顶上有一座古庙和一些古树。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，there be句型适用就近原则，结合an old temple可知，be动词应用is。故填is。 4．Many a college student (send) to the poor area to help the children there last month. 【答案】was sent 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：上个月，很多大学生被送到贫困地区去帮助那里的孩子。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为Many a college student，与send之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语last month可知，此处应用一般过去时，“many a+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故填was sent。 考向04 特殊结构中的主谓一致 1．(2026·四川省德阳市质量监测)Yet behind every eye－popping display ________ (be) flight planners who design and oversee every movement. 【答案】are 【解析】根据后文的design和oversee可知，应用一般现在时；主语flight planners是复数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。 2．Strongly against the sudden rule change (be) many a participant along with the audience. 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多参赛者和观众都强烈反对这次突然的规则变更。本句为倒装句，主语是many a participant along with the audience；along with连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则”，即此处应与“many a participant”保持一致，“many a + 单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；结合语境，此处描述过去的态度，用一般过去时，故填was。    3．Everyone who (want) to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. 【答案】wants 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：想要成为出租车司机的每个人都必须通过一项非常严格的考试，才能获得驾驶出租车的许可证。陈述事实用一般现在时，want作为定语从句的谓语动词，应与先行词Everyone保持数的一致，故应为单数形式。故填wants。 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·安徽省江南十校综合素质检测） China’s technological breakthroughs, accelerating rapidly in the past decade, have reshaped the landscapes of global 1 (innovate). The successful launch of the Chang’e-6 lunar probe in 2024, which collected samples from the moon’s far side, 2 (demonstrate) extraordinary space exploration capabilities of China already. Quantum (量子) computing represents another frontier 3 China leads. The Jiuzhang 3.0 prototype (原型), 4 (develop) by Chinese scientists, solved complex problems in seconds that would take supercomputers years. Such progress arises 5 sufficient investment in basic research, with national research spending rising by 10% annually since 2020. In green technology, 6 China dominates are solar panel production and wind turbine installation (涡轮机装置). By 2026, 7 (renew) energy will account for 37% of its total electricity consumption, significantly reducing carbon emissions. This commitment is reflected in the nation’s promise 8 (achieve) carbon neutrality (碳中和) by 2060. Artificial intelligence also thrives here. Shenzhen-based Huawei’s Ascend chips power AI systems are widely used in smart cities, 9 (make) urban management more efficient. International partnerships, like the China-Europe joint Mars mission, 10 (far) prove that technological advancement knows no boundaries. 【答案】 1．innovation 2．has demonstrated 3．where 4．developed 5．from 6．what 7．renewable 8．to achieve 9．making 10．further 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国过去十年在太空探索、量子计算、绿色技术及人工智能等多个科技领域的突破性进展及其全球影响。 1．考查名词。句意：中国在过去十年中迅速加速的技术突破，重塑了全球创新的格局。global为形容词，修饰名词，所以空处应用名词innovation，表示“创新”，作of的宾语。故填innovation。 2．考查时态。句意：2024年，嫦娥六号月球探测器成功发射，从月球背面采集样本，这已经展示了中国非凡的太空探索能力。根据already可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是the successful launch of the Chang’e-6 lunar probe，是单数，所以助动词应用has，demonstrate的过去分词是demonstrated。故填has demonstrated。 3．考查定语从句。句意：量子计算是另一个中国领先的前沿领域。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词another frontier，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：由中国科学家开发的九章3.0原型机在几秒钟内解决了超级计算机需要数年才能解决的复杂问题。空处作非谓语动词，develop与其逻辑主语The Jiuzhang 3.0 prototype之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词developed作后置定语。故填developed。 5．考查介词。句意：这样的进步源于对基础研究的充足投资，自2020年以来，国家研究支出每年增长10%。根据arises和sufficient investment in basic research可知，此处表示源于，应用介词from，arise from为固定短语，意为“源自；由……造成”。故填from。 6．考查主语从句。句意：中国主导的绿色技术是太阳能电池板生产和风力涡轮机安装。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少dominates的宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 7．考查形容词。句意：到2026年，可再生能源将占其总电力消耗的37%，显著减少碳排放。空处修饰名词energy，应用形容词renewable，表示“可再生的”，作定语。故填renewable。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一承诺体现在中国承诺到2060年实现碳中和。空处作非谓语动词，抽象名词promise后接不定式作后置定语，the nation’s promise to do sth.意为“承诺做某事”，所以空处使用动词不定式形式。故填to achieve。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：总部位于深圳的华为的昇腾芯片所驱动的人工智能系统在智慧城市中得到了广泛应用，使城市管理更加高效。空处作非谓语动词，make与其逻辑主语AI systems之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词making作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 10．考查副词比较级。句意：像中欧联合火星任务这样的国际合作进一步证明，技术进步是没有界限的。此处修饰动词prove，故用far的比较级形式further，意为“进一步”，further prove意为“进一步证明”。故填further。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东韶关市开学考试） The Yellow River Stone Forest is not only a geological wonder but also a site of cultural and historical importance. The Yellow River itself 1 (be) a cradle of Chinese civilization for thousands of years, and the stone forest stands as a testament to the natural forces 2 have shaped the region over thousands of years. The towering rock formations, carved by wind and water, resemble imaginative shapes of animals, human figures, and architectural structures, 3 (inspire) local folklore and storytelling. Nearby, the Bingling Temple Grottoes add a rich cultural dimension to the area. These grottoes, carved into cliffs along the Yellow River, house a collection of Buddhist art that spans multiple 4 (dynasty). The site contains 216 caves, hundreds of statues, and numerous murals, 5 the centerpiece being a 27-meter-tall Buddha statue carved during the Tang Dynasty. This statue, 6 (frame) by weathered sandstone grottoes, has gazed upon the Yellow River for over a millennium, symbolizing the enduring 7 (spirit) and cultural heritage of the region. The 8 (integrate) of sports and tourism has further enhanced the cultural significance of the Yellow River Stone Forest. The park has become 9 popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts, with its nearness to ski resorts 10 training bases in Gansu Province. 【答案】 1．has been 2．which/that 3．inspiring 4．dynasties 5．with 6．framed 7．spiritual 8．integration 9．a 10．and 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍黄河石林的地质奇观、周边炳灵寺石窟的文化价值以及体旅融合带来的发展。 1．has been考查动词时态。句意：数千年来，黄河本身一直是中华文明的摇篮，而这片石林则见证了千百年间塑造该地区的自然力量。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，此处强调从过去到现在的情况，要用现在完成时，主语The Yellow River是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been。故填has been。 2．考查定语从句。句意：数千年来，黄河本身一直是中华文明的摇篮，而这片石林则见证了千百年间塑造该地区的自然力量。此处引导定语从句，先行词natural forces指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些高耸的岩层由风水雕琢而成，形态酷似动物、人物与建筑，激发了当地民间传说与故事创作。此处为非谓语动词作状语，前面整件事与inspire为主动关系，所以用现在分词inspiring。故填inspiring。 4．考查名词复数。句意：这些开凿在黄河沿岸悬崖上的石窟，收藏了跨越多个朝代的佛教艺术珍品。multiple后接可数名词复数，dynasty用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 5．考查介词。句意：该遗址有216个洞窟、数百尊雕像和众多壁画，其中核心是唐代开凿的一尊27米高的佛像。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，表示伴随，所以用介词with。故填with。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这尊雕像在历经风霜的砂岩石窟环抱中，已凝望黄河千年之久，象征着该地区不朽的精神与文化遗产。此处为非谓语动词作定语，This statue与frame为被动关系，所以用过去分词framed。故填framed。 7．考查形容词。句意：这尊雕像在历经风霜的砂岩石窟环抱中，已凝望黄河千年之久，象征着该地区不朽的精神与文化遗产。此处修饰名词cultural heritage，用spirit的形容词形式spiritual意为“精神的”。故填spiritual。 8．考查名词。句意：体育与旅游的融合进一步提升了黄河石林的文化价值。此处位于定冠词The之后，作主语，用integrate的名词形式integration意为“融合”。故填integration。 9．考查冠词。句意：该公园因靠近甘肃省的滑雪胜地和训练基地，已成为深受冬季运动爱好者欢迎的目的地。此处表泛指“一个热门目的地”，popular是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查连词。句意：该公园因靠近甘肃省的滑雪胜地和训练基地，已成为深受冬季运动爱好者欢迎的目的地。此处连接ski resorts和training bases，表并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·河南省青桐鸣大联考阶段检测） In China, people are working to save ancient wooden arch bridges. These unique bridges, 1 you can find mainly in Fujian and Zhejiang provinces, use no metal nails. Instead, builders join wooden parts together using a clever interlocking system. However, this traditional design makes the bridges 2 (easy) damaged by fire or floods. In 2024, this important craft was added 3 UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, marking a key moment for its protection. Now, new technology is giving this old craft new life. Young craftspeople are using modern 4 (tool) to help. Hu Junfeng, who learned the skill from his father, returned to his hometown a few years ago. By using drones and digital scanners, he 5 (create) detailed 3D models of several old bridges in recent years. He hopes that these digital records, allowing people everywhere 6 (see) the bridges online, will keep the knowledge safe for the future. Another craftsman has designed hands-on 3Dwooden puzzles, 7 (offer) students a fun and interactive way to learn about the bridge structure. At the same time, researchers and teachers are joining the effort. Matthew Wood, 8 university lecturer based in Zhejiang, is developing a virtual reality (VR) experience with his students. Using simple and cheap 9 (equip) like 360 cameras, their project lets users explore a digital version of a bridge in an immersive (沉浸式的) way. Wood explains that bridges are 10 (power) symbols because they connect people and places, representing resilience (韧性) and cultural continuity. 【答案】 1．which 2．easily 3．to 4．tools 5．has created 6．to see 7．offering 8．a 9．equipment 10．powerful 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国千年木拱桥的传统工艺及其面临的挑战，重点阐述了当代匠人和研究者如何运用无人机、3D建模及虚拟现实等现代科技手段，为这一古老技艺的保存、传播与传承注入新的活力。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这些独特的桥梁主要分布在福建和浙江两省，它们并不使用金属钉，而是通过一种巧妙的相互连接系统将木构件连接在一起。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词bridges是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 2．考查副词。句意：然而，这种传统的设计使得这些桥梁容易因火灾或洪水而受损。空格处用副词easily修饰动词damaged，easily意为“容易地”，故填easily。 3．考查介词。句意：2024 年，这一重要的技艺被纳入了联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录，这标志着其保护工作迈出了重要的一步。be added to是固定短语，意为“被纳入……中”，故填to。 4．考查名词的复数。句意：年轻的工匠们借助现代工具助力传承。tool是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数作宾语，故填tools。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，他利用无人机和数字扫描仪，为几座古老的桥梁创建了详细的三维模型。由in recent years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语he是单数，因此空格处用has created。故填has created。 6．考查不定式。句意：他希望这些数字化记录能让世界各地的人们能够在线看到这些桥梁，从而将这一知识保存下来，供未来之用。allow sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to see。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一位工匠设计了可动手操作的三维木质拼图，为学生们提供了一种有趣且互动性强的学习桥梁结构的方式。句中谓语是has designed，空格处用非谓语动词，Another craftsman和offer之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填offering。 8．考查冠词。句意：马修·伍德是来自浙江的一名大学讲师，他正与学生们一起开发一种虚拟现实（VR）体验。lecturer是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，university是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 9．考查名词。句意：他们使用像 360 度摄像机这样的简单且价格低廉的设备，该项目能让用户以沉浸式的方式探索一个数字化的桥梁。simple and cheap是形容词，修饰名词，equip是名词 是equipment，意为“设备”，是不可数名词，故填equipment。 10．考查形容词。句意：伍德解释说，桥梁是极具影响力的象征，因为它们连接着人与地方，代表着坚韧和文化的延续。空格处用形容词powerful作定语，修饰名词symbols，powerful意为“强大的”，故填powerful。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:农民画家张青义(T1) 红山文化(T2);爱国精神(T3);世界土壤日(T4)；旅行经历(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】（2026·江苏淮安市涟水县第一中学调研）Attendance for the fifth round (expect) to average more than 20,000, with cities such as Nanjing and Suzhou drawing over 50,000 fans. 【答案】is expected 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：第五轮的观众人数预计平均将超过2万人，南京和苏州等城市的观众人数将超过5万人。句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语attendance和expect之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用is expected。 2．【新情境】（2026·山东聊城市高与模拟试题英语（一））A total of 11 sets of bullet trains and an inspection train, all adopting Chinese standards, were showcased in Qingdao, Shandong Province in August, 2022. Then they (ship) to Indonesia. 【答案】were shipped 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：2022年8月，全部采用中国标准的11组动车组和1列检测列车在山东省青岛市展出，随后它们被运往印尼。主语they与ship之间为被动关系，且描述过去动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were shipped。 3．【新情境·建筑】（2026·山东济南市第二次模拟）The sloping (倾斜的) roof ensures that rainwater (channel) towards a tank below for storage to water the plants. 【答案】is channeled 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：倾斜的屋顶使得雨水能够沿着坡面流向下方的储水罐，从而用于浇灌植物。主语rainwater与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is channeled。 4．【新角度·传统文化】（2026·广东汕头市普通高考第一次模拟）With each step, from teapot handling to serving, the techniques and the hidden values (display). 【答案】were displayed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：从茶壶的拿取到端递，每一个环节都展示了相应的技巧以及其中蕴含的意义。主语the hidden values与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were displayed。 5.【新情境·中国文化】（2026·广东韶关市开学考试）The Yellow River Stone Forest is not only a geological wonder but also a site of cultural and historical importance. The Yellow River itself (be) a cradle of Chinese civilization for thousands of years, and the stone forest stands as a testament to the natural forces which have shaped the region over thousands of years. 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：数千年来，黄河本身一直是中华文明的摇篮，而这片石林则见证了千百年间塑造该地区的自然力量。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，此处强调从过去到现在的情况，要用现在完成时，主语The Yellow River是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been。故填has been。 6．【新情境·体验中国文化】（2026·吉林省G35 联合体第一次模拟）Now, halfway into my eighth year of living in Beijing, I have been married into a Chinese family and (become) the mother of two children who speak Chinese and prefer Chinese food. 【答案】have become 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：现在，我在北京生活的第八年已经过半。我嫁入了一个中国家庭，成为了两个孩子的母亲。我的孩子们会说中文，也更喜欢吃中国菜。根据前文have been married可知，此处时态为现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have become。 7.【新考法·传统文化】Not only the colors of the painting but also the technique used by the artist   (matter) to art critics. 【答案】matters 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅这幅画的颜色，而且艺术家使用的技巧对艺术评论家来说都很重要。matter“重要，有关系”，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时态，且“not only...but also...”连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语动词的主语the technique保持一致，主语是单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式matters。故填matters。 8．【新情境】Not only the teacher but also the students (be) excited when I told them about the upcoming field trip. 【答案】were 【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：当我告诉他们即将到来的野外旅行时，不仅是老师，学生们也很兴奋。本空为主句谓语，根据told可知，用一般过去时，not only...but also...连接主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则，本句中谓语动词要和the students保持一致，be动词用were。故填were。 9.【新考法】The number of students in that school (have) greatly increased in recent years. 【答案】has 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：近年来，那所学校的学生人数大幅增加。the number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，句子时间状语in recent years常与现在完成时连用，所以助动词用has。故填has。 10．【新情境·自然环境】As is known to all, spending too much time online (be) unhealthy. 【答案】is 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：众所周知，花太多时间上网是不健康的。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 11.【新考法】Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 【答案】are scheduled/were scheduled 【解析】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：三分之二的人口被计划享有政府提供的免费医疗服务。“分数 + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定，此处population表示“人口”，强调个体时谓语动词用复数；主语“Two thirds of the population”与动词schedule之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；结合语境，既可用一般现在时表示目前安排，也可用一般过去时表示过去的计划，故填are scheduled/were scheduled。 12．【新情境】Knowing the nature of every food (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to balance yin and yang of the body. 【答案】enables 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：了解每一种食物的性质使中国人能够吃正确的食物来平衡身体的阴阳。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Knowing the nature of every food是单个动名词，enable“使能够”应用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。 13. 【新考法】A kind of special memory foam ________（use）in making comfortable school chairs to protect students' spines. 【答案】is used 【解析】考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：一种特殊的记忆海绵被用于制作舒适的校园座椅，以保护学生的脊椎。此处a kind of" 搭配不可数名词 "memory foam"，主语核心是单数的 "kind"，所以谓语动词用单数形式 "is used"。 14.【新情境】（2026·山东青岛市平度市第一次模拟）Added in 2011 to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, Yimakan storytelling (serve) not only as a historical record of the Hezhe people’s past but also as a living witness to their spirit and values. 【答案】serves 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：伊玛堪说唱艺术于2011年被列入联合国教科文组织《急需保护的非物质文化遗产名录》，它不仅是赫哲族过往历史的记录，也是其民族精神与价值观的鲜活见证。serve as“充当”，固定短语。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Yimakan storytelling为单数，谓语动词需用serve的第三人称单数形式。故填serves。 15.【新考法】（2026·山东青岛市平度市第一次模拟）In the last few years, however, this traditional oral performance art, depending entirely on direct person-to-person instruction, (threaten) by modernization and the declining number of fluent speakers. 【答案】has been threatened 【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：然而在过去几年间，这种完全依赖人际口传心授的传统口头表演艺术，正受到现代化发展和本民族语言流利使用者数量减少的威胁。根据时间状语in the last few years可知，用现在完成时；主语this traditional oral performance art和动词threaten“威胁”之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态；且主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been threatened。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·农民画家张青义】（2026·山东德州市一模） Drones spray (喷洒) pesticides over fields, livestreaming sales are made on smartphones, and high-speed trains run on rail bridges 1 (stretch) across landscapes. These rural yet modern scenes appear in the paintings of Zhang Qingyi, 2 81-year-old farmer and painter from Shaanxi province. Farmer painting dates back to the 1950s, when it 3 (use) to serve production by promoting agricultural knowledge and practices. 4 (ground) in authentic descriptions of life in the countryside, Zhang’s paintings document 5 dramatically rural communities have transformed alongside the country’s broader development. Zhang is one of many farmer painters who are tracking China’s rural 6 (prosper) through their art. “Stories of farmers and their life are captured into paintings, 7 serve as a living record of the daily life,” Zhang says, adding that his inspiration often springs 8 ordinary scenes. Supported by the local government’s push to combine agriculture with culture, a range of related initiatives have emerged. These projects 9 (accurate) target the core goal of integration, leading to the renewal of public art spaces. “Farmer painting is a local treasure. My goal is 10 (sow) creativity in the young so future generations continue to portray the story of rural life,” Zhang says. 【答案】 1．stretching 2．an 3．was used 4．Grounded 5．how 6．prosperity 7．which 8．from 9．accurately 10．to sow 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农民画家张青义如何通过绘画记录中国乡村的现代化变迁，其作品以真实生活为基础，展现科技与传统交融的乡村图景。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：无人机在田野上喷洒农药，通过智能手机进行直播销售，高铁在延伸于风景之上的铁路桥上飞驰。句子已有谓语run，空处是非谓语，作rail bridges的后置定语，stretch“延伸”和rail bridges逻辑上是主动关系，且动作当时在进行中，因此用stretch的现在分词形式。故填stretching。 2．考查冠词。句意：这些乡村而又现代的场景出现在张青义——一位来自陕西省的81岁农民画家——的画作中。空处表示泛指，意为“一位来自陕西省的81岁农民画家”，应用不定冠词，且81-year-old的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 3．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：农民画可追溯至20世纪50年代，当时它被用来服务生产，推广农业知识和技术。空处作从句的谓语，结合先行词“the 1950s”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，use“使用”和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是it，be动词应用was。故填was used。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：基于对乡村生活的真实描绘，张青义的画作记录了乡村社区如何随着国家更广泛的发展而发生巨大变化。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，be grounded in为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，ground和Zhang’s paintings逻辑上是被动关系，因此用ground的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Grounded。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：基于对乡村生活的真实描绘，张青义的画作记录了乡村社区随着国家更广泛的发展而发生多么巨大的变化。空处引导名词性从句作document的宾语，结合“dramatically”可知，应用连接副词how作引导词，描述“剧烈地，明显地”的程度，表示“多么巨大的变化”。故填how。 6．考查名词。句意：张青义是众多通过艺术记录中国乡村繁荣的农民画家之一。空处作tracking的宾语，被China’s rural修饰，名词prosperity符合题意，意为“繁荣”，是不可数名词。故填prosperity。 7．考查定语从句。句意：“农民及其生活的故事被捕捉进画中，这些画成为日常生活的生动记录，”张青义说，并补充道他的灵感常源于普通场景。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词paintings作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 8．考查介词。句意：“农民及其生活的故事被捕捉进画中，这些画成为日常生活的生动记录，”张青义说，并补充道他的灵感常源于普通场景。结合空前的“his inspiration”可知，此处应用固定搭配spring from“源于，来自”，表示“灵感常来源于普通场景”。故填from。 9．考查副词。句意：这些项目精准瞄准融合的核心目标，推动了公共艺术空间的更新。空处修饰动词target，副词accurately符合题意，意为“精准地”，作状语。故填accurately。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我的目标是在年轻人心中播撒创意的种子，让后代继续描绘乡村生活的故事。”张说。空处作表语，说明主语“My goal”的具体内容，是未来发生的事，应用sow“播种，播撒”的不定式形式。故填to sow。 Passage 2 【新情境·红山文化】（2026·辽宁名校联盟模拟） Among the foundational cornerstones of early Chinese civilization, Hongshan Culture holds a place of profound significance. Hongshan Culture, flourishing roughly from 4700 to 2900 BCE in 1 is now Liaoning Province and neighboring regions, stands 2 one of China’s most remarkable Neolithic (新石器) cultures. The most famous site, Niheliang, 3 (feature) a magnificent temple and rubble-mound stone tombs. Hongshan Culture is 4 (unique) characterized by its ritual (礼仪的) practices, which reflect a sophisticated social structure far beyond many contemporary cultures. Hongshan Culture, 5 influence spreads across a vast area of Northeast China, offers a fascinating insight into early Chinese civilization. It is famed for its jade artifacts, such as the iconic “C-shaped dragon” and pig-dragon statues that demonstrate an unparalleled level of craftsmanship and a 6 (symbol) belief system. Besides jade, Hongshan people also built large-scale ceremonial sites, 7 (highlight) their organizational capabilities. Equally notable is the 8 (maintain) of cultural continuity in the region. Elements of Hongshan’s jade art and ritual traditions have greatly influenced later Chinese civilizations, forming 9 important link in the country’s cultural heritage. Today, ongoing archaeological work enables new evidence 10 (uncover) every year, helping us better understand the origins of ancient Chinese societies and their spiritual world. 【答案】 1．what 2．as 3．features 4．uniquely 5．whose 6．symbolic 7．highlighting 8．maintenance 9．an 10．to be uncovered 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红山文化，包括其地理位置、时间跨度、独特特点、文化影响以及考古发现等，展现了红山文化在中国早期文明中的重要地位。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：红山文化大约在公元前4700年至2900年繁荣于现在的辽宁省及其周边地区，是中国最杰出的新石器文化之一。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2．考查介词。句意：红山文化大约在公元前4700年至2900年繁荣于现在的辽宁省及其周边地区，是中国最杰出的新石器文化之一。stand as为固定短语，意为“作为……而存在”。故填as。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：最著名的遗址牛河梁，有一座宏伟的寺庙和碎石土堆石墓。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为The most famous site，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填features。 4．考查副词。句意：红山文化的独特之处在于其礼仪习俗，这反映了其社会结构远比许多同时代的文化复杂。修饰动词characterized需用副词uniquely作状语。故填uniquely。 5．考查定语从句。句意：红山文化的影响遍及中国东北的广大地区，为我们了解中国早期文明提供了迷人的视角。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hongshan Culture，在从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6．考查形容词。句意：它以玉器而闻名，如标志性的“C形龙”和猪龙雕像，这些雕像展示了无与伦比的工艺水平和象征性的信仰体系。修饰名词belief system需用形容词symbolic作定语。故填symbolic。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了玉器，红山人还建造了大型的礼仪场所，突出了他们的组织能力。已有谓语动词built，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，和前面整个句子是主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填highlighting。 8．考查名词。句意：同样值得注意的是该地区文化连续性的保持。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词maintenance作主语。故填maintenance。 9．考查冠词。句意：红山玉器艺术和礼仪传统对后来的中国文明产生了巨大影响，成为中国文化遗产中的重要一环。link为可数名词，此处表示泛指，important发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，持续的考古工作每年都能发现新的证据，帮助我们更好地了解中国古代社会的起源及其精神世界。enable sth. to do sth.为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语，evidence和uncover为被动关系，需用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be uncovered。 Passage 3 【新情境·爱国精神】（2026·山东淄博市一模） Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today's era, our country still needs patriotism 1 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 2 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with exceptional achievements. The 3 (strategy) geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take 4 lead in a number of technical fields, whether under the earth's crust (地壳) 5 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" project, made 6 (pioneer) contributions to China's cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 7 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 8 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 9 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 10 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. 【答案】 1．to realize 2．are 3．strategic 4．the 5．or 6．pioneering 7．have made 8．whose 9．passed 10．from 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱国主义在和平年代同样重要，黄大年、邓稼先以卓越贡献报效祖国，成为时代楷模。我们应传承其爱国精神，肩负民族复兴使命。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在当今时代，我们的国家仍然需要爱国主义来实现中国梦。need sth. to do sth.表示“需要某物做某事”。故填to realize。 2．考查时态。句意：我们所熟知的那些具有爱国精神的知名人物是已故的科学家黄大年和邓稼先。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是figures，谓语用复数。故填are。 3．考查形容词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年，凭借在地球深部探测技术方面的专业特长，助力中国在诸多科技领域占据领先地位，无论是在地壳之下，还是在高空之上。修饰名词geophysicist用形容词strategic，作定语。故填strategic。 4．考查冠词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年，凭借在地球深部探测技术方面的专业特长，助力中国在诸多科技领域占据领先地位，无论是在地壳之下，还是在高空之上。短语take the lead表示“取得领先地位”。故填the。 5．考查固定句型。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年，凭借在地球深部探测技术方面的专业特长，助力中国在诸多科技领域占据领先地位，无论是在地壳之下，还是在高空之上。句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。故填or。 6．考查形容词。句意：核物理学家邓稼先，是“两弹一星”工程的奠基人之一，为中国的国防事业做出了开创性的贡献。修饰名词contributions用形容词pioneering。故填pioneering。 7．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，他们所展现的爱国行为以及对祖国的深厚感情使他们成为了典范，尤其对年轻人而言更是如此。根据Up to now可知为现在完成时，主语为their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland，助动词用have。故填have made。 8．考查定语从句。句意：黄大年和邓稼先都是我们这个时代的英雄人物，他们之所以能做出如此巨大的贡献，是因为他们付出了辛勤的努力，并且怀有强烈的爱国情怀。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词heroes，在从句作定语，故填whose。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：怀着他们传承下来的这份热情，我们应当坚定地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们高尚的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。此处为with的复合结构，pass down与passion构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填passed。 10．考查介词。句意：怀着他们传承下来的这份热情，我们应当坚定地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们高尚的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。draw inspiration from表示“从……中汲取灵感”。故填from。 Passage 4 【新情境·世界土壤日】（2026·山西怀仁一中一模） World Soil Day, falling on December 5 every year, highlights the vital role soils play in sustaining life. This year’s theme, “Healthy Soils for Healthy Cities,” highlights the effect urban soils have, 1 is to help regulate temperature, absorb rainwater, store carbon, and improve air quality. As cities face challenges such as extreme weather, flooding and heat stress, China is improving soil health 2 science-based management. Urban farmlands and soil-monitoring sensors support stormwater control and carbon 3 (assess), helping create greener urban environments. Conservation agriculture, organic composting, and crop diversification are also helping improve soil structure. Technological innovation is emerging as 4 key driver of sustainable soil management. For instance, drones can monitor land-use changes, assess them, and rapidly gather damage data, 5 (provide) policymakers with timely, accurate information. In countries such as Myanmar, unmanned vehicles 6 (become) vital for informed decision-making and natural resource monitoring so far. These tools that support integrated 7 (approach) — such as conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant varieties—can increase productivity while improving soil health and ecosystem adaptability. Comprehensive planning for land and water is 8 (equal) essential. Support systems like sustainable finance are crucial for increasing soil protection while maintaining food security, climate adaptation, and 9 (environment) health. World Soil Day encourages governments, urban planners, and citizens to rethink cities from the ground up and work 10 (create) greener, and future-ready urban spaces. 【答案】 1．which 2．through 3．assessment 4．a 5．providing 6．have become 7．approaches 8．equally 9．environmental 10．to create 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍世界土壤日的主题、城市土壤的作用，以及中国和各国保护土壤的举措与意义。 1．考查定语从句。句意：今年的主题是“健康土壤造就健康城市”，强调了城市土壤的作用，即帮助调节温度、吸收雨水、储存碳并改善空气质量。先行词是the effect，指物，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查介词。句意：随着城市面临极端天气、洪水和热应激等挑战，中国正在通过科学管理改善土壤健康。此处表示“通过科学的管理”，用介词through构成搭配through science-based management。故填through。 3．考查名词。句意：城市农田和土壤监测传感器支持雨水控制和碳评估，有助于打造更绿色的城市环境。carbon是名词，此处作宾语，应用assess的名词形式assessment，表抽象意义，为不可数名词。故填assessment。 4．考查冠词。句意：技术创新正成为可持续土壤管理的一个关键驱动因素。driver是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个关键驱动因素”，且key以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，无人机可以监测土地利用变化、评估变化并快速收集损害数据，为政策制定者提供及时准确的信息。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词，表示上文内容自然产生的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填providing。 6．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，在缅甸等国家，无人驾驶车辆已成为知情决策和自然资源监测的关键工具。根据时间状语so far，句子用现在完成时，主语unmanned vehicles是复数，助动词用have。故填have become。 7．考查名词复数。句意：这些支持综合方法的工具——如保护性农业和耐旱品种——可以在提高生产力的同时改善土壤健康和生态系统适应性。approach表示“方法”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用复数形式。故填approaches。 8．考查副词。句意：水土综合规划同样至关重要。修饰形容词essential，应用equal的副词形式equally。故填equally。 9．考查形容词。句意：可持续金融等支持体系对于加强土壤保护、维护粮食安全、气候适应和环境健康至关重要。修饰名词health，应用environment的形容词形式environmental。故填environmental。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界土壤日鼓励政府、城市规划者和公民从头反思城市建设，努力打造更绿色、面向未来的城市空间。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了打造”。故填to create。 Passage 5 【新情境·旅行经历】（2026·陕西师大附中四模） At the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 1 China meets Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan, lies Altay prefecture (阿勒泰地区) — a region of 2 (drama) landscapes and rich culture. 3 (rough) the size of Cuba, it stretches from snowy mountaintops over 4,000 meters high to lowlands just 246 meters above sea level. A short coach trip can take you from glaciers to desert, even past herds of wild animals. During my recent trip, I couldn’t take my eyes off the view. As the coach wound through valleys, silver peaks shone in the distance while the green of birch forests filled the foreground. It looked like the Alps, 4 this wasn’t Europe. A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power 5 (remind) me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city. Across the hills 6 (stand) yurts (圆顶帐篷) of Kazakh herders, their animals wandering freely. The night before, I experienced throat singing for the first time — a sound that seemed to carry messages from another world. As we descended, the green grasslands slowly gave way to bright yellow desert. The 7 (vast) felt like stepping into 8 fantasy game, except that this was real. When the other passengers awoke, unaware of what they 9 (miss), I sat amazed, unable to describe the scene I had just witnessed. Next time, I told 10 (I) to take a video. 【答案】 1．where 2．dramatic 3．Roughly 4．but 5．reminding 6．stand 7．vastness 8．a 9．had missed 10．myself 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以第一人称视角记录作者在新疆阿勒泰地区的旅行经历。 1．考查定语从句。句意：在新疆维吾尔自治区的北端，中国与俄罗斯、蒙古和哈萨克斯坦接壤的地方，坐落着阿勒泰地区——一个拥有壮美风景和丰富文化的地区。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 2．考查形容词。句意：在新疆维吾尔自治区的北端，中国与俄罗斯、蒙古和哈萨克斯坦接壤的地方，坐落着阿勒泰地区——一个拥有壮美风景和丰富文化的地区。空格处修饰名词landscapes，需要用形容词形式；drama是名词，其形容词形式是dramatic，表示“戏剧般的，引人注目的，壮美的”，作定语。故填dramatic。 3．考查副词。句意：它的面积大约和古巴相当，从海拔4000多米的雪山山顶延伸到海拔仅246米的低地。空格处修饰the size of Cuba，作状语，需要用副词形式；rough是形容词，其副词形式是roughly，表示“大约，大致”。故填Roughly。 4．考查连词。句意：它看起来像阿尔卑斯山，但这不是欧洲。 空格前后是转折关系，所以用连词but连接两个句子。故填but。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：一条蓝色的河流在我们身边奔腾，速度与我们的巴士相当，它的力量让我想起，在城市里我很少能感受到大自然的力量。此处为独立主格结构，逻辑主句its power与动词remind之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词reminding。故填reminding。 6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：山坡上矗立着哈萨克牧民的圆顶帐篷，他们的牲畜在自由游荡。本句为倒装句，主语是yurts of Kazakh herders，是复数形式，句子描述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词用stand。故填stand。 7．考查名词。句意：这片广袤的土地感觉像是进入了一个奇幻游戏，只不过这是真实的。空格处作主语，需要用名词形式；vast是形容词，其名词形式是vastness，表示“广阔；辽阔”。故填vastness。 8．考查冠词。句意：这片广袤的土地感觉像是进入了一个奇幻游戏，只不过这是真实的。根据空格后的单数名词game可知，此处表示泛指“一个奇幻游戏”，fantasy是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．考查动词时态。句意：当其他乘客醒来时，他们并不知道错过了什么，而我却坐在那里惊愕不已，无法描述刚刚目睹的那一幕。本空为从句谓语，“错过”这个动作发生在“醒来”之前，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”，miss的过去分词是missed，故填had missed。 10．考查反身代词。句意：我告诉自己下次要拍个视频。句子的主语和宾语是同一人，所以空格处用反身代词myself作宾语。故填myself。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：语法上的一致，意义上的一致，就近一致，一些特殊结构的主谓一致 1.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】has established 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 2.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【答案】was amazed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 3.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】has 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 4.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】has increased 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 6.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 【答案】has walked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 7.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】has increased 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 8.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 【答案】have promised 【解析】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 9. （2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 【答案】is designed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 10.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 【答案】was fixing 【解析】句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，这是“was/were doing…when…”句型，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 11.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 12.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 【答案】is considered 【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。 13.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 【答案】was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 14.（2021新课标I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。 15.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【答案】was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 16.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 17.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 18．（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 【答案】 are called 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。 19. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 【答案】has given 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。in the last three months常与现在完成时连用；along with his band members是介词短语，真正主语是The musician。故答案是has given。 20. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week. 【答案】was given 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。last week常与一般过去时连用；as well as her brothers表示“也，而且”，谓语与真正的主语Tom保持一致，单数意义，又是被动语态。故答案是was given。 21. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 【答案】is regarded 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Nowadays常与一般现在时连用；along with jogging and swimming是介词短语，真正主语是cycling，单数意义，又是被动含义。故答案是is regarded。 22. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Great Expectations是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》，表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是was。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 主谓一致 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：语法上的一致，意义上的一致，就近一致，一些特殊结构的主谓一致 一、单句语法填空 考向01 语法一致 1.（2026届山东临沂市一模）During its opening, two core topics (address) in the discussions: the shared success of commerce and cities and the integrated innovation of art and business. 2.（2026·江苏苏州市七校联考模拟预测）Graduates of various majors joining our group must train under their masters' guidance for three years, refining their mounting and restoration skills. That's how our restorers (cultivate)," says Ma. 3．(2026·河北省承德市五校月考)Equipped with a camera to capture visual data, the system uses AI to analyze the surroundings, detect obstacles and key targets, and then it ________ (deliver) instructions. 4．(2026·江苏省如皋市学质量调研)Children were running around and playing, the elderly ________ (be) leisurely practicing tai chi, and young couples were strolling by the lake. 5．(2026·辽宁省鞍山市部分学校一模)Stinging her fingers with needles ________ (be) a common occurrence, yet she never think of giving up. 6．(2026·河南省永城市一模)One of their remarkable projects ________ (involve) creating high­resolution digital copies of the murals. 7．(2026·陕青晋宁四省联考)So far, this unique experience ________ (bring) Chinese culture to life. 8．(2026·陕西省咸阳市实验中学质量检测)The vibrant Naadam festival, a cornerstone of Mongolian culture in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ________ (continue) to attract large numbers of locals and tourists each summer. 9．(2026·浙江省“9＋1”联盟联考)Taking good notes ________ (be) a key part of the learning process. 10．(2026·辽宁省锦州市渤海大学附属高级中学月考)Over the past 47 years, the forest coverage rate of the TSFP－covering areas ________ (rise) by about 9%. 考向02 意义上的一致 1.（2026·山东省烟台市诊断性测试）So far, Zhang, together with other designers, 64 (diversify) the craft beyond traditional baskets into earrings, phone cases and even car seat backs. A gourd-shaped bookmark she designed brought in over 100, 000 yuan in a single month. Last year, she launched her own brand. 2．(2026·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学月考)Over the past five years, large quantities of money ________ (spend) in improving the public transport in our province. 3．(2026·广西壮族自治区河池市月考)One sunny afternoon, the Roberts family ________ (be) busy moving to a new home near the busy streets of downtown. 3．With the development of technology, a large quantity of problems that used to be difficult to deal with (solve) by scientists recently. 4．The number of such sports businesses (see) a notable increase in recent years, indicating a promising outlook in the industry. 5．The entire audience (rise) to their feet, giving the performers a standing ovation that lasted several minutes. 6．One hundred dollars, found at a small antique shop in Zurich, (be) widely considered a reasonable price for that exquisitely preserved vintage watch. 7．The staff in the marketing department (express) a range of opinions regarding the new campaign, with some voicing strong support and others remaining skeptical. 8．The board of directors, comprised of individuals with vastly conflicting interests, (struggle) to present a unified front to the press. 9．98% of the surface (be) covered permanently by ice and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline. 10．A pair of vintage glasses (lie) on the antique desk, left behind by the previous owner. 11．Recent data indicates that over 40% of the workforce in this multinational corporation (adapt) to remote work arrangements since 2020. 考向03 就近一致 1．Neither Mary nor her parents (inform) of the exciting news so far, which surprises us a lot. 2．Not only he but also all his family (be) attracted by concerts by the famous musical band. 3．There (be) an old temple and some ancient trees on the top of the mountain. 4．Many a college student (send) to the poor area to help the children there last month. 考向04 特殊结构中的主谓一致 1．(2026·四川省德阳市质量监测)Yet behind every eye－popping display ________ (be) flight planners who design and oversee every movement. 2．Strongly against the sudden rule change (be) many a participant along with the audience. 3．Everyone who (want) to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·安徽省江南十校综合素质检测） China’s technological breakthroughs, accelerating rapidly in the past decade, have reshaped the landscapes of global 1 (innovate). The successful launch of the Chang’e-6 lunar probe in 2024, which collected samples from the moon’s far side, 2 (demonstrate) extraordinary space exploration capabilities of China already. Quantum (量子) computing represents another frontier 3 China leads. The Jiuzhang 3.0 prototype (原型), 4 (develop) by Chinese scientists, solved complex problems in seconds that would take supercomputers years. Such progress arises 5 sufficient investment in basic research, with national research spending rising by 10% annually since 2020. In green technology, 6 China dominates are solar panel production and wind turbine installation (涡轮机装置). By 2026, 7 (renew) energy will account for 37% of its total electricity consumption, significantly reducing carbon emissions. This commitment is reflected in the nation’s promise 8 (achieve) carbon neutrality (碳中和) by 2060. Artificial intelligence also thrives here. Shenzhen-based Huawei’s Ascend chips power AI systems are widely used in smart cities, 9 (make) urban management more efficient. International partnerships, like the China-Europe joint Mars mission, 10 (far) prove that technological advancement knows no boundaries. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东韶关市开学考试） The Yellow River Stone Forest is not only a geological wonder but also a site of cultural and historical importance. The Yellow River itself 1 (be) a cradle of Chinese civilization for thousands of years, and the stone forest stands as a testament to the natural forces 2 have shaped the region over thousands of years. The towering rock formations, carved by wind and water, resemble imaginative shapes of animals, human figures, and architectural structures, 3 (inspire) local folklore and storytelling. Nearby, the Bingling Temple Grottoes add a rich cultural dimension to the area. These grottoes, carved into cliffs along the Yellow River, house a collection of Buddhist art that spans multiple 4 (dynasty). The site contains 216 caves, hundreds of statues, and numerous murals, 5 the centerpiece being a 27-meter-tall Buddha statue carved during the Tang Dynasty. This statue, 6 (frame) by weathered sandstone grottoes, has gazed upon the Yellow River for over a millennium, symbolizing the enduring 7 (spirit) and cultural heritage of the region. The 8 (integrate) of sports and tourism has further enhanced the cultural significance of the Yellow River Stone Forest. The park has become 9 popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts, with its nearness to ski resorts 10 training bases in Gansu Province. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·河南省青桐鸣大联考阶段检测） In China, people are working to save ancient wooden arch bridges. These unique bridges, 1 you can find mainly in Fujian and Zhejiang provinces, use no metal nails. Instead, builders join wooden parts together using a clever interlocking system. However, this traditional design makes the bridges 2 (easy) damaged by fire or floods. In 2024, this important craft was added 3 UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, marking a key moment for its protection. Now, new technology is giving this old craft new life. Young craftspeople are using modern 4 (tool) to help. Hu Junfeng, who learned the skill from his father, returned to his hometown a few years ago. By using drones and digital scanners, he 5 (create) detailed 3D models of several old bridges in recent years. He hopes that these digital records, allowing people everywhere 6 (see) the bridges online, will keep the knowledge safe for the future. Another craftsman has designed hands-on 3Dwooden puzzles, 7 (offer) students a fun and interactive way to learn about the bridge structure. At the same time, researchers and teachers are joining the effort. Matthew Wood, 8 university lecturer based in Zhejiang, is developing a virtual reality (VR) experience with his students. Using simple and cheap 9 (equip) like 360 cameras, their project lets users explore a digital version of a bridge in an immersive (沉浸式的) way. Wood explains that bridges are 10 (power) symbols because they connect people and places, representing resilience (韧性) and cultural continuity. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:农民画家张青义(T1) 红山文化(T2);爱国精神(T3);世界土壤日(T4)；旅行经历(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】（2026·江苏淮安市涟水县第一中学调研）Attendance for the fifth round (expect) to average more than 20,000, with cities such as Nanjing and Suzhou drawing over 50,000 fans. 2．【新情境】（2026·山东聊城市高与模拟试题英语（一））A total of 11 sets of bullet trains and an inspection train, all adopting Chinese standards, were showcased in Qingdao, Shandong Province in August, 2022. Then they (ship) to Indonesia. 3．【新情境·建筑】（2026·山东济南市第二次模拟）The sloping (倾斜的) roof ensures that rainwater (channel) towards a tank below for storage to water the plants. 4．【新角度·传统文化】（2026·广东汕头市普通高考第一次模拟）With each step, from teapot handling to serving, the techniques and the hidden values (display). 5.【新情境·中国文化】（2026·广东韶关市开学考试）The Yellow River Stone Forest is not only a geological wonder but also a site of cultural and historical importance. The Yellow River itself (be) a cradle of Chinese civilization for thousands of years, and the stone forest stands as a testament to the natural forces which have shaped the region over thousands of years. 6．【新情境·体验中国文化】（2026·吉林省G35 联合体第一次模拟）Now, halfway into my eighth year of living in Beijing, I have been married into a Chinese family and (become) the mother of two children who speak Chinese and prefer Chinese food. 7.【新考法·传统文化】Not only the colors of the painting but also the technique used by the artist   (matter) to art critics. 8．【新情境】Not only the teacher but also the students (be) excited when I told them about the upcoming field trip. 9.【新考法】The number of students in that school (have) greatly increased in recent years. 10．【新情境·自然环境】As is known to all, spending too much time online (be) unhealthy. 11.【新考法】Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 12．【新情境】Knowing the nature of every food (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to balance yin and yang of the body. 【新考法】A kind of special memory foam ________（use）in making comfortable school chairs to protect students' spines. 14.【新情境】（2026·山东青岛市平度市第一次模拟）Added in 2011 to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, Yimakan storytelling (serve) not only as a historical record of the Hezhe people’s past but also as a living witness to their spirit and values. 15.【新考法】（2026·山东青岛市平度市第一次模拟）In the last few years, however, this traditional oral performance art, depending entirely on direct person-to-person instruction, (threaten) by modernization and the declining number of fluent speakers. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·农民画家张青义】（2026·山东德州市一模） Drones spray (喷洒) pesticides over fields, livestreaming sales are made on smartphones, and high-speed trains run on rail bridges 1 (stretch) across landscapes. These rural yet modern scenes appear in the paintings of Zhang Qingyi, 2 81-year-old farmer and painter from Shaanxi province. Farmer painting dates back to the 1950s, when it 3 (use) to serve production by promoting agricultural knowledge and practices. 4 (ground) in authentic descriptions of life in the countryside, Zhang’s paintings document 5 dramatically rural communities have transformed alongside the country’s broader development. Zhang is one of many farmer painters who are tracking China’s rural 6 (prosper) through their art. “Stories of farmers and their life are captured into paintings, 7 serve as a living record of the daily life,” Zhang says, adding that his inspiration often springs 8 ordinary scenes. Supported by the local government’s push to combine agriculture with culture, a range of related initiatives have emerged. These projects 9 (accurate) target the core goal of integration, leading to the renewal of public art spaces. “Farmer painting is a local treasure. My goal is 10 (sow) creativity in the young so future generations continue to portray the story of rural life,” Zhang says. Passage 2 【新情境·红山文化】（2026·辽宁名校联盟模拟） Among the foundational cornerstones of early Chinese civilization, Hongshan Culture holds a place of profound significance. Hongshan Culture, flourishing roughly from 4700 to 2900 BCE in 1 is now Liaoning Province and neighboring regions, stands 2 one of China’s most remarkable Neolithic (新石器) cultures. The most famous site, Niheliang, 3 (feature) a magnificent temple and rubble-mound stone tombs. Hongshan Culture is 4 (unique) characterized by its ritual (礼仪的) practices, which reflect a sophisticated social structure far beyond many contemporary cultures. Hongshan Culture, 5 influence spreads across a vast area of Northeast China, offers a fascinating insight into early Chinese civilization. It is famed for its jade artifacts, such as the iconic “C-shaped dragon” and pig-dragon statues that demonstrate an unparalleled level of craftsmanship and a 6 (symbol) belief system. Besides jade, Hongshan people also built large-scale ceremonial sites, 7 (highlight) their organizational capabilities. Equally notable is the 8 (maintain) of cultural continuity in the region. Elements of Hongshan’s jade art and ritual traditions have greatly influenced later Chinese civilizations, forming 9 important link in the country’s cultural heritage. Today, ongoing archaeological work enables new evidence 10 (uncover) every year, helping us better understand the origins of ancient Chinese societies and their spiritual world. Passage 3 【新情境·爱国精神】（2026·山东淄博市一模） Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today's era, our country still needs patriotism 1 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 2 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with exceptional achievements. The 3 (strategy) geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take 4 lead in a number of technical fields, whether under the earth's crust (地壳) 5 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" project, made 6 (pioneer) contributions to China's cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 7 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 8 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 9 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 10 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. Passage 4 【新情境·世界土壤日】（2026·山西怀仁一中一模） World Soil Day, falling on December 5 every year, highlights the vital role soils play in sustaining life. This year’s theme, “Healthy Soils for Healthy Cities,” highlights the effect urban soils have, 1 is to help regulate temperature, absorb rainwater, store carbon, and improve air quality. As cities face challenges such as extreme weather, flooding and heat stress, China is improving soil health 2 science-based management. Urban farmlands and soil-monitoring sensors support stormwater control and carbon 3 (assess), helping create greener urban environments. Conservation agriculture, organic composting, and crop diversification are also helping improve soil structure. Technological innovation is emerging as 4 key driver of sustainable soil management. For instance, drones can monitor land-use changes, assess them, and rapidly gather damage data, 5 (provide) policymakers with timely, accurate information. In countries such as Myanmar, unmanned vehicles 6 (become) vital for informed decision-making and natural resource monitoring so far. These tools that support integrated 7 (approach) — such as conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant varieties—can increase productivity while improving soil health and ecosystem adaptability. Comprehensive planning for land and water is 8 (equal) essential. Support systems like sustainable finance are crucial for increasing soil protection while maintaining food security, climate adaptation, and 9 (environment) health. World Soil Day encourages governments, urban planners, and citizens to rethink cities from the ground up and work 10 (create) greener, and future-ready urban spaces. Passage 5 【新情境·旅行经历】（2026·陕西师大附中四模） At the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 1 China meets Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan, lies Altay prefecture (阿勒泰地区) — a region of 2 (drama) landscapes and rich culture. 3 (rough) the size of Cuba, it stretches from snowy mountaintops over 4,000 meters high to lowlands just 246 meters above sea level. A short coach trip can take you from glaciers to desert, even past herds of wild animals. During my recent trip, I couldn’t take my eyes off the view. As the coach wound through valleys, silver peaks shone in the distance while the green of birch forests filled the foreground. It looked like the Alps, 4 this wasn’t Europe. A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power 5 (remind) me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city. Across the hills 6 (stand) yurts (圆顶帐篷) of Kazakh herders, their animals wandering freely. The night before, I experienced throat singing for the first time — a sound that seemed to carry messages from another world. As we descended, the green grasslands slowly gave way to bright yellow desert. The 7 (vast) felt like stepping into 8 fantasy game, except that this was real. When the other passengers awoke, unaware of what they 9 (miss), I sat amazed, unable to describe the scene I had just witnessed. Next time, I told 10 (I) to take a video. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：语法上的一致，意义上的一致，就近一致，一些特殊结构的主谓一致 1.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 2.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 3.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 4.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 6.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 7.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 8.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 9. （2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 10.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 11.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 12.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 13.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 14.（2021新课标I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 15.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 16.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 17.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 18．（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 19. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 20. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week. 21. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 22. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $