湖南长沙市第一中学2025-2026学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

**基本信息** 高二英语期末试卷以真实情境与多元素材为载体，融合语言能力培养与文化意识渗透，通过科技前沿（如Artemis II月球轨道地球照片）、历史探索（达伽马远航）、社会热点（AI与就业）等主题，实现基础巩固与思维提升的梯度考查，适配高二学生综合语言运用能力测评需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/20分|日常交际、信息获取|对话情境贴近生活，如学习方法、家庭关系，考查细节捕捉与推理能力| |阅读|20题/50分|广告理解、历史事件、科普说明、词义演变|跨题材选材，如C篇科技文结合环保意识，D篇通过“Spain”名称演变培养逻辑分析能力| |语言运用|35题/40分|词汇辨析、语法填空、课文默写|完形填空聚焦职业选择，语法填空融入侨批文化电影，考查语篇连贯与文化知识| |写作|2题/40分|应用文建议、故事续写|应用文贴近校园实际（英语栏目选择），续写通过家庭困境故事提升情感表达与逻辑构建能力|

高二英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1 What does the man want to do? A. Call his mother. B. Reprint his homework. C. Send an email. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. In a hotel. 3. How does the woman feel now? A. Relieved. B. Angry. C. Disappointed. 4. What do we know about the woman's living situation now? A. She has a bad roommate. B. She lives in a cheap area. C. She lives in a tiny apartment. 5. What is the man anxious about? A. Missing the bus. B. Flying by himself. C. Losing his personal items. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want to do? A. Go to see a doctor. B. Hand in her paper late. C. Get help in choosing a subject. 7. What will the woman offer? A. A sick note. B. A doctor's certificate. C. Her medical record. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What new study method is the woman trying out? A. Studying alongside someone else. B. Using rewards to encourage learning. C. Dividing study sessions with short breaks. 9. What is the man probably doing right now? A. Reading a book. B. Pressing his clothes. C. Writing an essay. 10. When will the speakers probably start again? A. At 2:20 p. m. B. At 2:30 p. m. C. At 2:45 p. m. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. Why does the man doubt Auntie Jess created the account? A. The picture doesn't look like her. B. She lacks the necessary tech skills. C. It has sent out some strange messages. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A, Parent and child. B. Cousins. C. Brother and sister. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Call Auntie Jess. B. Delete an account. C. Warn her family. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 17题。 14. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a park. C. In a café. 15. How did Rachel probably upset Alice? A. She took a customer away from Alice. B. She prevented Alice from getting a higher position. C. She avoided taking responsibility for her mistakes. 16. What is forgiveness about according to Alice? A. Freeing oneself. B. Accepting an apology. C. Understanding others’ actions. 17. What does the man think of Alice's decision? A. Admirable. B. Worthless. C. Annoying. 听第10段材料，回答第18 至 20题。 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get your dream job. B. How to work with AI and robots. C. How to keep up with the changing job market. 19. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. High school students. B. College students. C. Career advisors. 20. Which skills are at the top of employers’ lists according to the speaker? A. Relationship building and teamwork. B. Communication and culture awareness. C. Problem-solving and original thinking. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A BUYING EVENT MAY 12— MAY 16, 2026 The price of gold breaks $5,000 per ounce! Buying all gold jewelry in any condition, even broken. Since 2009, The Heartland Roadshow has been trusted by thousands of people to sell their gold, silver, diamonds, watches, antiques, and collectibles. Now it's your turn. Stop by our 5 DAY ONLY EVENT. Our experts will evaluate your items and make you an offer. If you decide to sell, you' ll receive immediate payment. There's no cost, no obligation and no appointment needed. Note: 1. Gold passes $5,000 per troy ounce as of January 26, 2026. 2. Price shown is for the specific collection of gold pictured and reflects the price paid on the date of purchase. The price of gold varies greatly and is determined by various factors including the daily spot price and the items being sold. All offers are subject to change at any time. Visit www.heartlandroadshow.com for more detailed terms and conditions. 21. What is required for a person to participate in the event? A. Making an appointment. B. Paying an evaluation fee. C. Bringing items to the site. D. Selling at least one ounce of gold. 22. To receive the 20% bonus, what must you sell? A. Gold& silver jewelry. B. Watches from TIMEX. C. Silver, gold & other coins. D. Fashion & vintage jewelry. 23. What does the ad say about the price offered for gold? A. It is fixed. B. It is discounted, C. It doubles online. D. It changes accordingly. B In the late 15th century, Europe stepped into the Age of Discovery. For quite a long time, all trade activities between Europe and Asia were firmly held by Arabian and Italian businessmen. This situation made spices and other precious Asian goods sold at extremely high prices across Europe. To get rid of this long-standing trade dominance, the Portuguese royal government made up its mind to explore a direct sea route leading to India, and it was in this situation that da Gama started his historic voyage. In 1497, he departed with four ships and about 170 crew members. The whole voyage was full of unexpected challenges. Terrible storms, strange sea currents and insufficient daily supplies exhausted most sailors physically and mentally, and many of them planned to abandon the journey halfway. However, da Gama kept his original determination and constantly cheered his team on to continue moving ahead. After several months of hard sailing, the fleet successfully passed the Cape of Good Hope and entered the Indian Ocean. With the help of a skilled local guide, they finally arrived at the important trading port Calicut in India in 1498. Soon conflicts broke out there because of cultural differences and strong resistance from local traders. The return journey was far more difficult than expected. Lots of sailors died of illness and lack of food, and merely 55 people managed to return home safely. Despite huge sacrifices, this voyage achieved great economic success. More importantly, it opened the first direct sea passage between Europe and Asia, adjusted the global trade structure and greatly promoted closer links among different parts of the world. 24. What was the main purpose of da Gama's voyage? A. To discover unknown lands. B. To break existing trade control. C. To build international friendship. D. To promote cultural communication. 25. What can we know about the early voyage? A. It went forward very smoothly. B. It was filled with severe difficulties. C. Most sailors had enough daily supplies. D. Most sailors decided to gave up at once. 26. What resulted in conflicts in India? A. Strict local rules. B. Different daily habits. C. Resistance from local people. D. Cultural gaps and traders’ opposition. 27. What lasting influence did the voyage bring? A. It strengthened global ties. B. It enriched most nations in Europe. C. It wiped out all trade barriers. D. It totally changed people's living styles. C In April 2026, NASA released stunning new photos of Earth taken by the Artemis II mission, marking the first time in 54 years that humans have captured our planet from the moon's orbit. These breathtaking images, shot from the Orion spacecraft, show Earth as a bright blue and white sphere against the endless blackness of deep space. One iconic photo features our entire planet with glowing auroras near the poles and faint zodiacal(黄道带的)light in the quiet background. The photos were taken after the Orion capsule left Earth's orbit and steadily headed toward the moon. Unlike ordinary satellite images, these pictures show Earth as a single,fragile“blue marble”, with clear views of vast continents, swirling(旋转) white clouds, and the thin atmosphere that protects all living creatures. Some shots even capture the sharp line between day and night, as well as faint city lights twinkling in dark regions. These images are more than just beautiful pictures. Dr. Kelsey Young, Artemis II lunar science lead, emphasized that such human-captured views provide“holistic perspectives” that satellites alone cannot reproduce. They serve as fundamental evidence of Earth's breathtaking beauty and invisible fragility. Nicky Fox, NASA's Science Mission Directorate associate administrator, noted the photos carry “critical data” for both Earth science and future lunar missions. The Artemis II mission follows the famous 1968“Earthrise” photo from Apollo 8,which inspired the first Earth Day and greatly raised global environmental awareness. NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman stressed that these images reinforce our “extraordinary responsibility to understand and protect our planet”. Today's new photos carry the same meaningful message: we must spare no effort to protect our precious planet. Though the mission focuses mainly on lunar exploration, these distant views of Earth remind people that space exploration and environmental protection are closely and inseparably linked. In short, NASA's latest Earth photos are not only a tribute to human exploration achievements but also a clear call to cherish and care for our common home. They vividly show that Earth is tiny and lonely in the vast universe, yet it remains full of endless life and warm hope. 28. What can we know about the newly released Earth photos? A. They were taken half a century ago. B. They mainly show stars in deep space. C. They fail to present natural sights on Earth. D. They were shot from lunar orbit by humans. 29. What is implied about the photos in paragraph 2? A. They present both natural scenery and human marks. B. They can fully reflect the inner structure of our planet. C. They are almost the same as traditional satellite images. D. They are taken when the spacecraft travels around the earth. 30. What does the underlined word “holistic” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Partial. B. Comprehensive. C. Practical. D. Accessible. 31. What can we infer from the passage? A. Moon exploration will cause ecological troubles. B. People have finished protecting the environment well. C. Space observation helps raise earth protection awareness. D. The old photo was taken to advocate environmental protection. D Sometimes it is easy to think that common, everyday terms have always been like this and that they will continue to be so. But this is not the case. The meaning of “Spain” has changed dramatically over time. To a Roman, a Visigoth, and a modern citizen of the country now called Spain, the word carried or carries very different meanings. Tracing these shifts offers a fascinating journey through history. Spain comes from “Hispania”, a name used to describe the Iberian Peninsula(伊比利亚半岛). Scholars still debate its origin, but one widely accepted theory considers it to be the Phoenician(腓尼基语的) phrase “I-span-ya”. Most agree that the beginning and end refer to “island”, while the middle part “span” has been interpreted in several ways: “of rabbits”, “of the smiths”, or “of the north”. What is certain is that it was originally related to a geographical concept. This concept was maintained for a long time. However, after Rome conquered the peninsula, Hispania took on administrative meanings as well. The region became Rome’ s first overseas territory, divided into two provinces, Hispania Ulterior( Further Spain) and Hispania Citerior(Nearer Spain). Although the number of government divisions increased, the broader idea of Hispania as the tongue of the land surrounded by the Atlantic and the Mediterranean remained. When the Roman Empire declined, the Visigoths—— originally from Eastern Europe———moved into Gaul and then settled in the peninsula, establishing a kingdom. They adopted the term “Pania” to describe their kingdom, using it to reinforce their authority. The Muslim invasion made “Pania” return to a simple geographical name. The northern kingdoms initially used it to refer to the southern Muslim-held lands. But as these northern kingdoms grew more powerful, their rulers began to aspire(渴望) to rule the entire peninsula. Leaders like Alfonso Ⅵ and Alfonso Ⅶ declared themselves“ Emperor of All Spain”, bringing back the term's political meaning. Eventually, the separate kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula united through marriage and conquest. The concept of “Spain” narrowed geographically but expanded politically. By then, “Spain” no longer just described a place——— it represented a unified monarchy and its territory. 32. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A. By making an explanation. B. By stating personal opinions. C. By referring to historical research. D. By challenging a common assumption. 33. How did the Romans affect the meaning of “Hispania”? A. They added political meaning to it. B. They used it mainly as a cultural label. C. They used it to describe a group of people. D. They turned it into the name of a kingdom. 34. Why did the Visigoths use the term “Pania”? A. To divide local provinces. B. To mark geographical borders. C. To fight against Muslim forces. D. To strengthen their ruling power. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Birth of a Brand New State B. The Evolution of the Name Spain C. The History of the Iberian Peninsula D. The Rise and Fall of Countries in Hispania 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you' ve caught yourself wandering the room whenever you' re on a long phone call, don’t worry— it turns out this strange habit is pretty common and even has some science behind it. When you chat face to face, you' re nodding, gesturing, and reading the other person's facial expressions. 36 Experts say that wandering in this context is a perfectly normal reaction to the “missing” signals that we usually get in person. “Talking on the phone lacks that certain something called visual feedback,” explains psychologist Ken Fogel. All the extra energy or emotion that you'd normally exchange through eye contact or smiles has nowhere to go. 37 Aside from making up for missing visuals, there's another brainy reason we wander. Ever notice how some people talk with their hands—— even on phone calls when no one can see them? 38 Research has shown that people gesture during speech because it actually helps them process thoughts and words. Similarly, wandering during a phone chat might help people express their thoughts more fluently. It's like their feet are helping their brains find the right words. Another big reason people walk during phone calls is nerves and energy. When you' re on an important call, wandering is actually listed among the most common signs of nervousness. 39 This isn't necessarily a bad thing. In fact, channeling nervous energy into movement can help you stay composed when it matters, like on the phone, where your voice is the main signal of your state. It keeps us just busy enough physically to reduce anxiety, which in turn can make us mentally calmer and more present in the conversation. 40 It's not strange; it's practically a simple trick for better conversations. Next time you catch yourself wandering during a call, remember that you' re in good company. A. Our brains and bodies are deeply connected. B. It's your body's way of getting rid of extra energy. C. If you find yourself distracted, try to stay wandering. D. On a phone call, all that visual information disappears. E. Therefore, your body finds an outlet of energy by moving. F. Knowing all these, you can start to fully embrace your walk-and-talk habit. G. Studies suggest that walking while talking can actually improve your memory. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1 loved making discoveries and publishing relevant papers. But after becoming a postdoctoral researcher, I felt lost in the fine 41 of the research and desired to see a bigger picture. As I struggled, emails kept pouring in, 42 my institute was going to hold an academic meeting. My curiosity was 43 . Could I find a meaningful career outside 44 ? The education panel(小组) 45 me. It was eye-opening to hear scientists describe how they had shifted to 46 at museums or research institutes, where they shared scientific 47 with the public. I asked the panelists for advice on how to follow their footsteps. However, a new set of 48 made me realize my new path wasn't as straightforward as the academic route. Though close to 40 years old, I chose to be 49 and do what suited me. In the 10 years as a teacher, I have tried to break down 50 concepts into simple parts. My science training has guided students through labs and helped them realize no“ 51 ” answer exists. I have enjoyed sharing my research 52 with them, including how often experiments failed. It's satisfying to think I' ve made efforts to guide their lives in new 53 , however big or small. I sometimes 54 look back on my research career. But when I see the immediate impact I am making on young people's lives, I know my new path is a good 55 for my skills and passions. Scientists come in many forms and can serve society in different ways. 41. A. remarks B. intentions C. profits D. details 42. A. announcing B. noticing C. promising D. speaking 43. A. understood B. fueled C. observed D. denied 44. A. theory B. academia C. science D. imagination 45. A. hunted for B. referred to C. appealed to D. allowed for 46. A. positions B. classrooms C. libraries D. offices 47. A. figures B. evaluations C. knowledge D. evidences 48. A. categories B. choices C. assumptions D. setbacks 49. A. reflective B. courageous C. outstanding D. innocent 50. A. broad B. narrow C. fundamental D. complex 51. A. accurate B. vague C. shallow D. impressive 52. A. experiences B. thoughts C. subjects D. backgrounds 53. A. orders B. regions C. directions D. functions 54. A. joyously B. carelessly C. sadly D. freely 55. A. guarantee B. appreciation C. reason D. match 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small-budget Chinese film Dear You has taken the box office by storm, reaching over600 million yuan. Obviously, this touching movie becomes 56 nationwide hit, winning high praise from audiences and media 57 extra commercial promotion due to limited funds. Set against the background of overseas Chinese history and traditional overseas remittance(汇款) letters called Qiaopi, this influential movie tells a warm story about family affection, long-distance longing and personal 58 (mature). It mainly focuses on the deep bond between an elderly grandmother and her family members, as well as the kindness hidden behind old letters. Many years ago, countless overseas workers 59 (rely) on handwritten letters to send their thoughts and living expenses back home, conveying endless missing to their relatives. The whole film uses plain and realistic shooting styles 60 (show) the simple emotions of ordinary people, which serves as solid 61 (prove) of fine human nature. It perfectly presents the traditional 62 (virtue) of kindness, loyalty and gratitude rooted in Chinese people’ s hearts. 63 moves the audience most is the selfless kindness that has been kept secret for many years, which makes countless viewers burst into tears while watching. Apart from touching daily emotions, the film also spreads the precious cultural value of Qiaopi culture, 64 (let) more young people know about this intangible cultural heritage. Film critics comment that this work succeeds not by beautiful scenes or famous actors, 65 by genuine feelings that can strike a chord in everyone’ s heart. It is not only a wonderful movie, but also a sincere honor to family love and old times. 第三节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据课文内容填空，每空不超过四个单词。 Totalling over 520,000 66 and 67 a period of about 3,000 years, the Shiji 68 130 chapters in five categories. What makes this book 69 is that it not only includes vivid descriptions of historical figures such as emperors, ministers or 70 , but also lists important events in different periods. 71 is that it 72 astronomy, music, the calendar and so on. One of the main features of the Shiji is how the biographies are presented—— in the form of stories 73 . Sima Qian was able to use a small number of words to describe a historical event or figure vividly. Some of 74 in this book are still 75 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 假定你是李华，为提升校园英语氛围，你校英语社团计划推出一个新栏目。社团指导老师Mr. Brown 提出了两个备选方案:“Campus News Broadcast”(校园英语新闻广播)和“Recommended Books Corner”(英语好书推荐角)。请你给 Mr. Brown写一封信,内容包括: 1.你的选择； 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Brown, Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in Grade 10, my family had a tough time. My parents lost their jobs during the Depression. Dad was too ill to work outside, while Mum had a hard time raising us on her own in our small community. We depended on our community assistance to keep us clothed, and although our clothes were second-hand, we thought they were beautiful. Looking back, I realize what Mum went through for sending us kids to school. Every morning she would put a new piece of cardboard in our shoes, because our shoes were worn out. Constant moving was typical for my family in these times. Rent was twenty-five dollars a month, but Mum couldn't pay it. These were hard and sad years, but we never complained. New Year was approaching, and we were entitled to a twenty-five dollar fund for social services. Mum said that instead of buying food, she would use the money to pay back rent, assuring us all of a roof over our heads for a little while longer. She told us then there would be nothing for New Year. Unknown to Mum, I had been shoveling snow and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy myself a new pair of gloves. I knew exactly which gloves I wanted. They were made of genuine leather and they had a price of twenty-three dollars. Well, the big day came on the last day of that year. I was very excited, as I hurried to catch the bus. It was only a half-a-mile walk, but on the way I noticed a house with lights and decorations. It was then that I realized at our house, we had no lights, no decorations, nor any money for good stuff. I knew then that we would have no delicious food for New Year, and I felt sad. As I continued walking, I began to feel conflicted. I was sixteen years old, and I was feeling a strange sense of guilt. Here I was going to buy a new pair of gloves while Mum was home in tears. She would be trying to explain to us why there were no presents. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The bus drove off without me. When Mum opened the door, she surprisingly found that some of the groceries fell inside onto the floor. 高二英语参考答案 题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案 B A A C B B C A B B B C C B C 题序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A A C A C C A D B B D A D A B 题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 C D A D B D E A B F D A B B C 题序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答案 A C D B D A A C C D 【语篇导读】本文是一则限时收购活动的广告。广告突出金价突破$5，000/盎司的新闻，以此吸引顾客出售黄金、白银、钻石、手表、古董及收藏品。活动承诺免费评估、无需预约、成交即付现金。附加的 Bonus图片提供额外20%奖励，但仅适用于金银首饰，且需出示优惠券并接受主办方报价，硬币、金条、银条不参与奖励。活动过期日为2026年5月16日。 21. C。广告操作流程第一步:“Bring your items for a free evaluation.”同时第一段明确写明“no appointment needed(无需预约)”、“no cost(免费评估)”。 22. A。 bonus图片明确写明:“On the sale of your Gold& Silver Jewelry.”同时排除“coins, bullion and bars”。因此必须出售金银首饰才能获得20%奖励。 23. D。广告脚注明确说明:“The price of gold varies greatly and is determined by various factors including the daily spot price and the items being sold.”即收购价格根据每日现货价格和物品不同而变化。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，聚焦15世纪大航海时代的重要航海事件——达。伽马远航印度。文章首先交代了远航的时代背景与核心目的：欧亚贸易长期被阿拉伯、意大利商人垄断，欧洲商品物价高昂，葡萄牙王室为打破贸易霸权，开启直达印度的海上航线探索。 24. B。细节理解题。根据原文第一段中的“To get rid of this long-standing trade dominance, the Portuguese royal government made up its mind to explore a direct sea route leading to India”可知,此次远航的核心目的是摆脱阿拉伯和意大利商人的长期贸易垄断、打破现有贸易控制权。A项(发现未知陆地)、C项(建立国际友谊)、D项(促进文化交流)均未在原文提及，属于无中生有。 25. B。细节理解题。根据原文第二段中的“The whole voyage was full of unexpected challenges. Terrible storms, strange sea currents and insufficient daily supplies exhausted most sailors physically and mentally”可知,航行全程充满严峻的困难与挑战。A项(航行十分顺利)与原文相悖；C项(船员物资充足)错误，原文明确写到物资匮乏；D项(大部分船员立刻放弃航行)错误，原文仅说明船员身心俱疲、计划中途放弃，并非立刻放弃。 26. D。细节理解题。根据原文第三段中的“Soon conflicts broke out there because of cultural differences and strong resistance from local traders”可知，冲突爆发的两大原因是文化差异(文化隔阂)和当地商人的强烈抵制(商人的反对)，对应D选项。A项(严格的当地规则)、B项(不同的生活习惯)原文未提及；C项(当地人的反抗)表述片面缺少核心的文化差异因素。 27. A。细节理解题。根据原文最后一段中的“greatly promoted closer links among different parts of the world”可知,此次远航极大加强了全球各地的联系，对应A选项。B项(让欧洲大多数国家变得富有)表述错误，原文仅提及此次航行取得巨大经济收益，并未说明惠及欧洲大多数国家，属于过度解读。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普说明文，围绕美国国家航空航天局阿尔忒弥斯二号任务拍摄的全新地球太空照片展开介绍。文章开篇点明核心事件：2026年4月NASA发布时隔54年人类从月球轨道拍摄的地球高清照片，描述了照片的视觉画面与拍摄背景。 28. D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“marking the first time in 54 years that humans have captured our planet from the moon's orbit”可知，这批照片是人类从月球轨道拍摄所得，对应D选项。A项(半个世纪前拍摄)错误，照片拍摄于2026年，是最新发布的照片；B项(主要展示深空星星)错误，照片核心拍摄主体是地球；C项(无法展示地球自然景观)错误，照片清晰呈现了极光、云层、大陆等自然景观。 29. A。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，照片呈现了大陆、云层、大气、昼夜分界线等自然景观，同时捕捉到黑暗区域闪烁的城市灯光，即人类活动痕迹，对应A选项。B项(反映地球内部结构)无中生有，原文仅介绍地球外观景观;C项(与传统卫星照片几乎一致)与原文“Unlike ordinary satellite images”相悖;D项(航天器绕地球飞行时拍摄)错误，照片是航天器离开地球轨道、飞向月球后拍摄的。 30. B。词义猜测题。结合语境，人类拍摄的太空视角照片能呈现卫星无法复刻的视角，完整展现地球的样貌、美感与脆弱性。结合选项：A.片面的；B.全面的；C.实用的；D.可获得的。由此可判断“holistic”意为“全面的、整体的”，对应B选项。 31. C。推理判断题。文章提到1968年的太空照片提升了全球环保意识，本次新照片同样警示人类保护地球，证明太空观测有助于提升人类的地球保护意识，对应C选项。A项(探月会造成生态问题)无中生有，原文未提及相关内容；B项(人类已做好环境保护工作)与文末呼吁保护地球的主旨相悖；D项(老照片拍摄目的是推广环保)错误，老照片是航天探索成果，并非为了环保而拍摄，只是客观推动了环保意识提升。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇历史说明文，围绕“Spain(西班牙)”这一名称的词义与内涵演变展开论述。文章开篇打破人们的固有认知，指出日常通用词汇的含义并非一成不变，引出本文核心主题：西班牙的名称历经时代变迁发生了巨大变化。 32. D。写作手法题。文章开头提出人们普遍存在的固有认知：日常通用词汇的含义向来如此、不会改变，随即直接否定该观点，指出“西班牙”一词的含义随时代发生了巨大变化，通过质疑大众普遍认知引出全文主题，对应D选项。A项(通过解释说明)、B项(通过陈述个人观点)、C项(通过参考历史研究)均不符合文章开篇的写作逻辑，开篇无解释、无个人主观观点、未引用研究。 33. A。细节理解题。根据原文第三段可知，Hispania最初只是单纯的地理概念，罗马征服半岛后，该词汇增添了行政、政治层面的含义，罗马将此地划分为行省进行管辖，赋予其政治属性，对应A选项。B项(文化标签)、C项(指代人群)原文均无提及；D项(变为王国名称)错误，将其用作王国名称是后续西哥特人的行为，并非罗马人。 34. D。细节理解题。根据原文第四段最后一句“They adopted the term’s Pania’ to describe their kingdom, using it to reinforce their authority.”可知，西哥特人使用该名称，核心目的是巩固自身统治权力，对应D选项。A项(划分行省)是罗马人的做法；B项(标注地理边界)并非西哥特人的使用目的；C项(对抗穆斯林势力)时间错位，穆斯林入侵发生在西哥特人统治之后。 35. B。主旨大意题。全文围绕核心线索展开，从“Spain”一词的起源，到罗马、西哥特、穆斯林统治、王国统一等不同历史阶段的词义变化，完整讲述了西班牙名称的发展与演变历程，B选项精准概括全文主旨。A项(全新国家的诞生)偏离主题，文章重点是名称演变，并非国家诞生；C项(伊比利亚半岛历史)范围过大，文章并非讲述半岛完整历史，仅聚焦名称变化；D项(西班牙地区国家的兴衰)无中生有，文章未论述国家兴衰历程。 【语篇导读】文章首段引出“打电话时喜欢走动”这一常见习惯，并指出有科学依据。第二段对比面对面通话与电话通话的差异，指出视觉反馈缺失导致多余能量无处释放。第三段提出另一个原因：走动与打手势类似，有助于思维和语言表达。第四段解释神经与能量因素：走动可缓解紧张、保持镇定。末段总结并鼓励读者接纳这一习惯。 36. D。前句描述面对面通话时的视觉信息(点头、手势、表情)。后句说“走动是对缺失信号的反应”。空白处需要说明电话通话中这些视觉信息消失了。此外,根据下段首句的过渡句“Aside from making up for missing visuals, there’s another brainy reason we wander.”也可以判断。 37. E。前句指出面对面交流中的能量/情绪无法通过电话传递，所以无处释放。那么身体自然会寻找一个出口来释放这些能量。 38. A。本段核心是“走动与打手势类似，都帮助思维表达”。前句举打手势的例子，后句解释手势的作用，然后类比到走动。空白处需要一个承上启下的句子，解释为什么打手势和走动有共同机理。 39. B。前句指出走动是紧张的常见表现，后句说这不一定是坏事，并解释将紧张能量转化为走动有助于保持镇定。空白处需要解释走动与紧张能量之间的关系。 40. F。最后一段是全文总结，给出建议或号召。空白后句子说“这不是奇怪的习惯，而是更好的对话技巧”。空白处应是一个引导读者接纳该习惯的句子。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从博士后转行为教师的故事。作者转行后仍然给学生进行科学训练，分享自己的研究经历。 41. D。由空后的“desired to see a bigger picture”可知,作者渴望看到更广阔的全貌,故前面的内容应该与 big picture相反，即“迷失在研究的细节中”。故选D。 42. A。由空前的“emails”可知，其作用往往是通知、告知或提醒某件事情。announce意为“宣告”，符合句意。故选A。 43. B。由后文可知，作者最终去了职业生涯研讨会，还请教了其他科学家关于转行的事情。作者正是因为对学术圈外的世界充满好奇心，才会去参会、提问。故选 B。 44. B。根据第四段中的“my new path wasn't as straightforward as the academic route”可知,作者新的职业道路不像学术道路那么简单。此处要表达的是“我能否在学术圈外找到一份有意义的工作?”。故选B。 45. C。由空后的“eye-opening”可知,这个教育小组吸引了作者。故选C。 46. A。由空前的“shifted”可知,一些科学家转行了。positions意为“身份;职位”,符合句意。故选A。 47. C。科学家们在博物馆或者研究机构的岗位上给公众分享科学知识。故选C。 48. D。由第四段中的“my new path wasn't as straightforward as the academic route”可知,作者新的职业道路不像学术道路那么简单，新的职业面临更多的困难和挫折。故选D。 49. B。结合第48题和空前的“Though close to 40 years old”可知,作者已经人到中年,而且新的职业道路没那么简单,选择新的职业道路需要有从头开始的勇气。故选B。 50. D。由空后的“simple parts”可知,作者把复杂的概念分解成了简单的部分。故选D。 51. A。作者的科学训练通过实验引导学生，帮助他们意识到事物不存在绝对正确的答案。故选A。 52. A。由空后的“including how often experiments failed”可知,作者也给学生们分享了自己实验的失败经历,做实验失败也是作者研究经历中的一部分。故选A。 53. C。此处要表达的是“在新的方向上引导他们的生活”。故选C。 54. C。由空后的“But when I see the immediate ... my new path is a good”可知,当作者看到自己对年轻人生活产生的影响时，他知道这份新的职业是好的。But后表达的是积极的情感色彩，那么此空应表达消极的情感色彩，即“虽然有时候我会可惜地回顾自己的研究生涯”。sadly意为“伤心地；悲痛地”，在此处可意为“可惜地”。故选C。 55. D。结合全文可知，作者本是一名博士后，但他最终离开了学术圈，选择当一名教师，对学生进行科学训练。科学训练的过程并未与他在学术圈的经历完全脱节，作者还给学生分享了自己的研究经历。因此，教师这份新职业很好地匹配了他的技能与热爱。故选D。 56. a。考点：不定冠词。固定搭配 a nationwide hit表示“风靡全国的热门事物、爆款”。hit此处为可数名词，意为“热门作品、爆红事物”，nationwide的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。句意：这部感人的电影成为一部全国爆款影片。 57. without。考点:介词逻辑语境。根据后文“due to limited funds(由于资金有限)”可知,影片没有额外商业宣传却收获好评。此处表否定含义，填介词 without(没有)，符合上下文逻辑。句意：这部感人的电影由于资金有限未依靠额外的商业宣传，就收获了观众和媒体的高度评价。 58. maturity。考点:名词作宾语。空前为形容词 personal,需接名词。 mature是形容词/动词,名词形式为 maturity(成熟)。句意：这部极具影响力的电影讲述了一个关于亲情、远方思念和个人成长的温情故事。 59. relied。考点:一般过去时。时间状语“Many years ago(许多年前)”为一般过去时标志,谓语动词用过去式, rely的过去式为 relied。句意：多年前，无数海外劳工依靠手写书信寄去思念和生活费。 60. to show。考点:非谓语动词(不定式)。固定结构 use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”,此处用不定式作目的状语，故填 to show。句意：整部影片采用平实和写实的拍摄手法展现普通人质朴的情感。 61. proof。考点:名词作宾语。solid是形容词,形容词后接名词。 prove 是动词,名词形式为 proof(证明、证据), solid proof 表示“有力的证明”。句意：这是人性美好的有力证明。 62. virtues。考点:名词复数。后文列举了“kindness, loyalty and gratitude(善良、忠诚、感恩)”多种传统美德, virtue 为可数名词，表多种美德时需用复数形式 virtues。句意：它完美展现了根植于中国人心中善良、忠诚、感恩的传统美德。 63. What。考点：主语从句引导词。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“事物”，表示“最打动人心的事物”，用引导词 What。固定句型: What moves sb. most is ...意为“最打动某人的是……”。句意:最打动观众的是这份隐忍多年、不求回报的善意。 64. letting。考点：非谓语动词(现在分词作结果状语)。本句已有谓语 spreads，无连词连接，此处为现在分词作自然而然的结果状语，逻辑主语为整句话内容，故填 letting。句意：除了感人的日常情感，影片还传播珍贵的侨批文化价值，让更多年轻人了解这一非物质文化遗产。 65. but。考点：固定句型。固定搭配 not … but…意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分，此处连接两个方式状语。句意：这部作品的成功不在于绝美画面或知名演员，而在于打动人心的真挚情感。 66. Chinese characters 67. extending over 68. consists of 69. remarkable in content 70. other exceptional figures 71. Another thing to note 72. covers advances in 73. rather than dry facts 74. the phrases employed 75. in constant use 第四部分 第一节 【参考范文1】 Dear Mr. Brown, I'm Li Hua. I am writing to advocate “Recommended Books Corner” as our new column. The following are my reasons. To begin with, this initiative serves as a chance for language acquisition. Through sustained engagement with well-written books, we subconsciously absorb advanced vocabulary and complex sentence structures, therefore helping us accumulate more language resources. Furthermore, sharing and discussing these works can broaden our horizons. When we share our interpretations of an English work, we are exposed to diverse perspectives. As a result, we begin to see the same text from multiple angles, which challenges our fixed ideas and encourages us to think more openly. I sincerely hope my suggestion will be taken into consideration, and I'm willing to offer help if needed. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【参考范文2】 Dear Mr. Brown, I'm Li Hua. I'm writing to suggest “Campus News Broadcast” as the ideal choice for our new column. Here are my reasons. One important benefit is that listening to English news can regularly improve our listening skills and language sense. Broadcasting trains our ears to catch words and intonation naturally and helps us consciously remember practical expressions and vocabulary that can be used in real life. Besides, more students can be involved in the whole process of broadcasting, where we can set up a team to collect, write and report campus news in English. Also, broadcasting done by students themselves will build their confidence in speaking English publicly. I truly believe this column will make English learning lively and attractive. I sincerely hope my suggestion can be taken into account, and I'm ready to offer any help if necessary. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 应用文评分细则： 1.内容9分 (背景+建议2分；原因6分；期待采纳1分) 2.行文6分 (语法，词块，语气，词数) 第二节 【参考范文】 The bus drove off without me. I turned and walked straight into the grocery store across the street. With all the money I had saved from shoveling snow and doing odd jobs, I bought a turkey, ham, fruit and other goodies—spending every dollar of it. The groceries piling up high, I struggled to carry them, but my heart was lighter than my load. Feeling thrilled to finally bring home some delicious food and festive joy that made up for the lack of lights and decorations at our house, I walked forward with my heart full of anticipation. Soon our home came in sight. When Mum opened the door, she surprisingly found that some of the groceries fell inside onto the floor. She gasped, one hand flying to her mouth in sheer disbelief. Holding back tears, I whispered, “Happy New Year! A big surprise! ”What have you done?” She cried, pulling me into her arms and holding me tight. As we unpacked all the stuff and put it away, I explained everything. That day I got enough hugs and kisses to last a lifetime. Even though I never got my new gloves, the smile on Mum's face made it all worthwhile. It was truly an unforgettable New Year. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $