Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新四年级英语暑假自学课（沪教版五四制·新教材）

四年级上册暑假自学课（沪教版五四制） Unit 2 My classmates 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 help sb. (to) do结构 【语法点拨】 help sb. (to) do表示“帮助某人做某事”，其中 to可以省略，但后面的动词必须用 原形，不能用 v-ing。 结构： help + sb. + (to) + 动词原形 教材例句： Xiaopu always helps teachers clean the blackboard. 小浦总是帮老师擦黑板。 James often helps other students learn English. James经常帮其他同学学英语。 Wenwen always helps his little brother clean the room. 问问总是帮弟弟打扫房间。 【易错提示】 • help后的动词必须用原形，不能用v-ing！ • ❌ He helps me cleaning the room. → ✓ He helps me (to) clean the room. • ❌ She often helps us doing homework. → ✓ She often helps us (to) do homework. • help后面的to可以省略，但不能加ing！ • ✓ He helps me to clean the room. = He helps me clean the room. • 注意主语人称：第三人称单数时help要加s（helps）！ • ❌ He help me clean the room. → ✓ He helps me clean the room. 【知识演练01】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. Xiaopu always helps teachers _____ the blackboard. A. clean B. cleaning C. to cleaning ( ) 2. She often helps me _____ English. A. learn B. learning C. to learning ( ) 3. Wenwen helps his brother _____ the room. A. cleans B. clean C. cleaning ( ) 4. My friend always helps me _____ my homework. A. do B. doing C. to doing ( ) 5. James often helps other students _____ Chinese. A. learning B. learn C. to learning 二、用括号内词的适当形式填空 1. He often helps me _____(clean) the classroom. 2. She always helps her mother _____(cook) dinner. 3. My classmate helps me _____(carry) the books. 4. Wenwen always helps his little brother _____(do) homework. 语法易错02 always/often等频率副词的位置 【语法点拨】 always意为“总是”，often意为“经常”，都是频率副词，表示动作发生的频率。 频率高低： always（总是，100%）> often（经常，约70%） 位置规则： ① 在be动词之后：She is always polite.（而非She always is polite.） ② 在实义动词之前：He often tells stories.（而非He tells often stories.） 教材例句： Yaoyao is always polite. 瑶瑶总是很有礼貌。（be动词后） She often helps James with his Chinese. 她经常帮James学中文。（实义动词前） Xiaopu always helps teachers clean the blackboard. 小浦总是帮老师擦黑板。（实义动词前） We often share work with each other. 我们经常互相分享工作。（实义动词前） 【易错提示】 • 频率副词位于be动词后、实义动词前，不能随意放置！ • ❌ She always is polite. → ✓ She is always polite. • ❌ He tells often stories. → ✓ He often tells stories. • ❌ Xiaopu helps always teachers. → ✓ Xiaopu always helps teachers. • always表示“总是”，频率高于often，不能与否定词连用！ • ❌ He always doesn’t come. → ✓ He doesn’t always come. / He never comes. 【知识演练02】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. Yaoyao _____ says “please”. A. is always B. always C. always is ( ) 2. He _____ helps other students. A. often B. is often C. often is ( ) 3. They _____ share work with each other. A. often are B. are often C. often ( ) 4. She _____ polite and nice. A. always is B. is always C. always ( ) 5. Xiaopu always _____ teachers clean the blackboard. A. help B. helps C. helping 二、改正句子中频率副词的位置错误 1. He always is helpful. → ________________________ 2. She helps often her friends. → ________________________ 3. They are often polite. → ________________________（此句正确，写“正确”） 语法易错03 lovely等以-ly结尾的形容词 【语法点拨】 lovely虽然以 -ly结尾，但它是形容词，不是副词！它的意思是“可爱的；令人愉快的”。 类似的词还有： friendly（友好的）、lonely（孤独的）、ugly（丑陋的）——它们都以-ly结尾但是形容词。 用法对比： ✓ She is a lovely girl. 她是一个可爱的女孩。（lovely作形容词修饰名词） ✓ Her classmates are lovely. 她的同学们很可爱。（lovely作形容词作表语） ❌ She sings lovely. 不能用lovely修饰动词，应用副词 beautifully。 教材例句： Here are my lovely classmates. 这里是我可爱的同学们。 He has a lovely smile. 他有一个可爱的微笑。 【易错提示】 • -ly结尾的词不一定是副词！lovely、friendly等是形容词！ • ❌ She is a lovelyly girl. → ✓ She is a lovely girl. • ❌ He sings lovely. → ✓ He sings beautifully. / He is a lovely singer. • 判断方法：如果要修饰动词，应该用副词（lovely→beautifully）；如果修饰名词或做表语，用lovely本身。 • ✓ a lovely smile / a friendly girl / lovely classmates 【知识演练03】 一、判断正误，正确的写T，错误的写F并改正 1. She is a lovely girl. ( ) ________ 2. He sings lovely. ( ) ________ 3. They are friendly students. ( ) ________ 4. She is a politely girl. ( ) ________ 5. We have lovely classmates. ( ) ________ 二、用lovely或beautifully填空 1. She has a _____ smile. 2. The girl dances _____ . 3. Here are my _____ classmates. 4. She sings _____ . 5. He is a _____ boy. 语法易错04 He has.../He is...描述人物的区分 【语法点拨】 描述人物时，He has...和He is...用法不同： He has + 名词：表示“拥有”，用于描述人物拥有的外貌特征或物品。 He is + 形容词：表示“是”，用于描述人物的品质、性格或状态。 对比： ✓ He has a lovely smile. 他拥有一个可爱的微笑。（has + 名词短语） ✓ He is an interesting person. 他是一个有趣的人。（is + 形容词） ✓ He is helpful. 他很乐于助人。（is + 形容词） ❌ He has helpful. 错误！helpful是形容词，不能用has。 ❌ He is a lovely smile. 错误！他不是微笑本身，而是拥有微笑。 常见搭配： He has：a lovely smile / many friends / big eyes / long hair He is：helpful / polite / interesting / lovely / great / kind 【易错提示】 • 形容词作表语用is，名词短语作宾语用has！ • ❌ He is a lovely smile. → ✓ He has a lovely smile. • ❌ She has polite. → ✓ She is polite. • ❌ He has interesting. → ✓ He is interesting. • 简单记忆：has“拥有”配名词，is“是”配形容词！ 【知识演练04】 一、用has或is填空 1. He _____ a lovely smile. 2. She _____ polite and nice. 3. James _____ many friends. 4. Yaoyao _____ helpful. 5. Minmin _____ big eyes. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. He _____ an interesting person. A. has B. is C. have ( ) 2. She _____ many friends at school. A. is B. are C. has ( ) 3. My classmate _____ helpful. A. has B. is C. have ( ) 4. He _____ a great idea. A. is B. has C. are ( ) 5. They _____ lovely children. A. have B. is C. are 综合提升（54分） 一、单项选择（10分，每小题2分） ( ) 1. She often helps me _____ my Chinese. A. learn B. learning C. to learning ( ) 2. Yaoyao _____ says “please”. She is polite. A. is always B. always C. always is ( ) 3. He _____ a lovely smile. A. is B. has C. have ( ) 4. Here are my _____ classmates. A. lovely B. beautifully C. love ( ) 5. James often helps other students _____ English. A. learn B. learning C. to learning 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10分，每小题2分） 1. Xiaopu always _____(help) teachers clean the blackboard. 2. She is a _____(love) girl. 3. He often _____(tell) interesting stories. 4. My classmate is _____(help). He often helps me. 5. They are _____(friend) to each other. 三、连词成句（12分，每小题3分） 1. often / me / helps / English / She / learn / . ______________________________ 2. is / always / Yaoyao / polite / . ______________________________ 3. has / He / smile / lovely / a / . ______________________________ 4. classmates / helpful / are / My / . ______________________________ 四、情景交际（10分，每小题2分） ( ) 1. 你想说同学经常帮你学英语，可以说： A. She always helps me learn English. B. She helps me always learn English. C. She is helps me learn English. ( ) 2. 你想描述同学拥有可爱的微笑，可以说： A. He is a lovely smile. B. He has a lovely smile. C. He has lovely. ( ) 3. 你想说同学乐于助人，可以说： A. He has helpful. B. He is helpful. C. He has a helpful. ( ) 4. 你想表达同学们很可爱，可以说： A. My classmates are lovely. B. My classmates are beautifully. C. My classmates is lovely. ( ) 5. 你想说他经常帮老师擦黑板，可以说： A. He helps often teachers clean the blackboard. B. He often helps teachers clean the blackboard. C. He often helps teachers cleaning the blackboard. 五、阅读理解（12分，每小题2分） Read the passage and choose the best answer. Here are my classmates. Yaoyao is always polite. She always says “please” and “thank you”. She has a lovely smile. Xiaopu is helpful. He often helps teachers clean the blackboard. James is interesting. He often tells interesting stories. We are friendly to each other. We always help each other. ( ) 1. Yaoyao is always _____. A. helpful B. polite C. interesting ( ) 2. Who has a lovely smile? A. Xiaopu. B. James. C. Yaoyao. ( ) 3. Xiaopu often helps teachers _____. A. clean the blackboard B. learn English C. tell stories ( ) 4. James often tells _____ stories. A. boring B. interesting C. lovely ( ) 5. “We are friendly to each other.” 的意思是： A. 我们互相帮助。 B. 我们彼此友好。 C. 我们经常聊天。 ( ) 6. Which sentence is RIGHT? A. Yaoyao has polite. B. Xiaopu is helpful. C. James has interesting. 参考答案 【知识演练01】 一、1-5 AABAB 二、1. (to) clean 2. (to) cook 3. (to) carry 4. (to) do 【知识演练02】 一、1-5 BACBB 二、1. He is always helpful. 2. She often helps her friends. 3. 正确 【知识演练03】 一、1. T 2. F → He sings beautifully. 3. T 4. F → She is a polite girl. 5. T 二、1. lovely 2. beautifully 3. lovely 4. beautifully 5. lovely 【知识演练04】 一、1. has 2. is 3. has 4. is 5. has 二、1-5 BCBBC 【综合提升】 一、1-5 ABBAA 二、1. helps 2. lovely 3. tells 4. helpful 5. friendly 三、1. She often helps me learn English. 2. Yaoyao is always polite. 3. He has a lovely smile. 4. My classmates are helpful. 四、1-5 ABBAB 五、1-6 BCABBB 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $