Unit 3 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新四年级英语暑假自学课（沪教版五四制·新教材）

四年级上册暑假自学课（沪教版五四制） Unit 3 Animals and their homes 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 现在进行时的构成——be + v-ing 【语法点拨】 现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作，结构为 主语 + be + v-ing。 其中be动词是助动词，不能省略，也不能用 do/does代替。 结构： 主语 + am/is/are + v-ing 教材例句： The elephant family are playing in the river. 大象一家正在河里玩。 The baby elephant is swimming in the river. 小象正在河里游泳。 The monkeys are playing in the trees. 猴子们正在树上玩耍。 【易错提示】 • be动词不能省略！没有be动词就不是现在进行时！ • ❌ The panda eating bamboo. → ✓ The panda is eating bamboo. • ❌ They walking now. → ✓ They are walking now. • be动词不是do/does！ • ❌ The monkey does climbing. → ✓ The monkey is climbing. • 否定句在be后加not：is not = isn’t, are not = aren’t • ✓ The panda is not sleeping. 大熊猫没在睡觉。 【知识演练01】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. The panda _____ eating bamboo. A. is B. are C. does ( ) 2. The monkeys _____ climbing the tree. A. is B. does C. are ( ) 3. It _____ sleeping now. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 4. Look! The elephants _____ drinking water. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 5. The polar bear _____ walking. A. are B. is C. am 二、用括号内词的适当形式填空 1. The panda _____(be) eating bamboo. 2. The monkeys _____(be) playing. 3. The elephant _____(be) walking to the river. 4. They _____(be) sleeping now. 语法易错02 be动词与主语的一致性 【语法点拨】 现在进行时中，be动词必须与主语保持一致： I + am + v-ing He/She/It + is + v-ing We/You/They + are + v-ing 教材例句： The elephant family are playing in the river. 大象一家正在河里玩。（family指全家人，用are） The baby elephant is swimming in the river. 小象正在河里游泳。（baby elephant单数，用is） The monkeys are playing in the trees. 猴子们正在树上玩。（monkeys复数，用are） 【易错提示】 • 单数主语用is，复数主语用are！ • ❌ The pandas is eating. → ✓ The pandas are eating. • ❌ The monkey are climbing. → ✓ The monkey is climbing. • and连接两个主语时用are： • ✓ The panda and the monkey are playing. 熊猫和猴子正在玩。 • 注意不可数名词作主语时用is： • ❌ The water are running. → ✓ The water is running. 【知识演练02】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. The elephants _____ walking to the river. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 2. A baby elephant _____ drinking milk. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 3. It _____ sleeping in the warm snow. A. are B. am C. is ( ) 4. The panda and the monkey _____ playing. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 5. The golden monkeys _____ eating fruit. A. is B. are C. am 二、用am/is/are填空 1. The panda _____ eating bamboo. 2. The monkeys _____ climbing the tree. 3. I _____ reading a book about animals. 4. The polar bear and the elephant _____ sleeping. 语法易错03 动词-ing的变化规则 【语法点拨】 现在进行时中，动词需要变成 -ing形式，变化规则如下： ① 直接加ing：eat→eating, walk→walking, read→reading, play→playing ② 去不发音的e再加ing：make→making, have→having, write→writing, ride→riding ③ 双写末尾辅音字母再加ing：run→running, swim→swimming, sit→sitting, hop→hopping 教材例句： The elephant family are playing in the river. （play→playing，直接加ing） The baby elephant is swimming in the river. （swim→swimming，双写m加ing） 【易错提示】 • 去e加ing时，去的是不发音的e，不是别的字母！ • ❌ make→makeing → ✓ making • ❌ have→haveing → ✓ having • 双写的词要双写末尾辅音字母，不是全部双写！ • ❌ run→runing → ✓ running • ❌ swim→swiming → ✓ swimming • climb是直接加ing，不双写！因为末尾是mb两个辅音字母。 • ✓ climb→climbing 【知识演练03】 一、写出下列动词的-ing形式 1. eat → ________ 2. make → ________ 3. run → ________ 4. swim → ________ 5. walk → ________ 二、判断正误，正确的写T，错误的写F并改正 1. make → makeing ( ) ________ 2. swim → swimming ( ) ________ 3. sit → siting ( ) ________ 4. walk → walking ( ) ________ 5. have → haveing ( ) ________ 语法易错04 现在进行时与一般现在时的区分 【语法点拨】 现在进行时：表示说话时正在进行的动作。 标志词：now, right now, Look!, Listen! 结构：主语 + be + v-ing 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 标志词：always, often, every day, sometimes 结构：主语 + v / v-s 对比： The pandas are eating. 熊猫们正在吃东西。（现在进行时） Pandas eat bamboo every day. 熊猫每天吃竹子。（一般现在时） The elephant is walking. 大象正在走。（现在进行时） Elephants walk slowly. 大象走得慢。（一般现在时） 【易错提示】 • 看标志词判断时态！ • 有now/Look!/Listen! → 现在进行时（be + v-ing） • 有always/often/every day → 一般现在时（v / v-s） • ❌ Look! The panda eats bamboo. → ✓ Look! The panda is eating bamboo. • ❌ The panda is eating bamboo every day. → ✓ The panda eats bamboo every day. • 注意：第三人称单数一般现在时动词加s！ • ✓ He walks to school every day. 他每天走路上学。 • ✓ He is walking to school now. 他现在正在走路上学。 【知识演练04】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. Look! The panda _____ bamboo. A. eats B. is eating C. eat ( ) 2. The panda _____ bamboo every day. A. is eating B. eats C. eating ( ) 3. Listen! The monkeys _____. A. are shouting B. shouts C. shout ( ) 4. The elephant always _____ slowly. A. is walking B. walks C. walking ( ) 5. Now the polar bear _____ in the sun. A. sleeps B. sleep C. is sleeping 二、用括号内词的适当形式填空 1. Look! The elephant _____(walk) to the river. 2. The monkey _____(eat) fruit every day. 3. Now the pandas _____(sleep). 4. The polar bear always _____(swim) in the sea. 5. Listen! The birds _____(sing). 综合提升（54分） 一、单项选择（10分，每小题2分） ( ) 1. Look! The baby elephant _____. A. is drinking B. drinks C. drinking ( ) 2. The golden monkeys _____ fruit every day. A. eats B. eat C. are eating ( ) 3. Now the panda _____ in the tree. A. sit B. sits C. is sitting ( ) 4. The polar bear always _____ in the warm place. A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. sleep ( ) 5. Listen! The elephants _____ water. A. drink B. drinks C. are drinking 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10分，每小题2分） 1. Look! The panda _____(eat) bamboo. 2. The monkey _____(climb) trees every day. 3. Now the elephants _____(walk) to the river. 4. The polar bear always _____(sleep) in the sun. 5. Listen! The birds _____(sing) in the tree. 三、句型转换（12分，每小题3分） 1. The panda is eating bamboo. （改为否定句） ______________________________ 2. The monkeys are climbing the tree. （改为一般疑问句） ______________________________ 3. The elephant is walking. （对walking提问） ______________________________ 4. Pandas eat bamboo every day. （用now改写） ______________________________ 四、情景交际（10分，每小题2分） ( ) 1. 你想告诉朋友你正在看大熊猫，可以说： A. I am looking at the panda. B. I look at the panda every day. C. I looked at the panda. ( ) 2. 你想说大象们正在喝水，可以说： A. The elephants drink water every day. B. The elephants are drinking water. C. The elephants is drinking water. ( ) 3. 你想问朋友现在正在做什么，可以问： A. What do you do? B. What are you doing? C. What did you do? ( ) 4. 你想说猴子们每天吃水果，可以说： A. The monkeys are eating fruit. B. The monkeys eats fruit every day. C. The monkeys eat fruit every day. ( ) 5. 你想表达北极熊正在睡觉，可以说： A. The polar bear sleeps. B. The polar bear is sleeping. C. The polar bear are sleeping. 五、阅读理解（12分，每小题2分） Read the passage and choose the best answer. It is Sunday. Xiaopu and his classmates are at the zoo. Look! The pandas are eating bamboo. They are so cute. The golden monkeys are climbing the trees. They are very clever. The elephants are walking to the river. They are drinking water. A baby elephant is playing with its mother. The polar bear is sleeping in the sun. It is so big! Xiaopu is taking photos of the animals. He loves animals very much. ( ) 1. Where are Xiaopu and his classmates? A. At school. B. At the zoo. C. At home. ( ) 2. What are the pandas doing? A. Sleeping. B. Climbing. C. Eating bamboo. ( ) 3. The golden monkeys are _____. A. eating B. climbing the trees C. sleeping ( ) 4. What is the polar bear doing? A. It is walking. B. It is drinking. C. It is sleeping. ( ) 5. What is Xiaopu doing? A. He is eating. B. He is taking photos. C. He is sleeping. ( ) 6. Which sentence is RIGHT? A. The elephants is drinking water. B. The polar bear are sleeping. C. The baby elephant is playing. 参考答案 【知识演练01】 一、1-5 ACABB 二、1. is 2. are 3. is 4. are 【知识演练02】 一、1-5 BACBB 二、1. is 2. are 3. am 4. are 【知识演练03】 一、1. eating 2. making 3. running 4. swimming 5. walking 二、1. F, making 2. T 3. F, sitting 4. T 5. F, having 【知识演练04】 一、1-5 BBABC 二、1. is walking 2. eats 3. are sleeping 4. swims 5. are singing 【综合提升】 一、1-5 ABCAC 二、1. is eating 2. climbs 3. are walking 4. sleeps 5. are singing 三、1. The panda is not eating bamboo. / The panda isn’t eating bamboo. 2. Are the monkeys climbing the tree? 3. What is the elephant doing? 4. Pandas are eating bamboo now. 四、1-5 ABBCB 五、1-6 BCBCBC 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $