九年级英语上册 Unit 5 A fine balance（暑假单元自测）新九年级英语新教材外研版上册

**基本信息** 外研版新教材Unit 5单元卷，以“平衡与环保”为主题，融合沙暴、黄河生态等时代情境，全面考查语言能力，渗透文化意识与思维品质，适配初中暑假单元复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10题/10分|核心词汇（balance, admire等）|语境化考查词义辨析，强化语言运用| |完形填空|10题/10分|时态、语态、固定搭配|以学校环境项目为情境，培养问题解决思维| |阅读理解|5篇/45分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|海洋能源、水华治理等科技素材，提升跨文化认知| |书面表达|1题/10分|倡议类写作结构|结合环保热点，综合语言能力与社会责任感|

Unit 5 A fine balance单元自测（新教材外研版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. We should keep a between study and rest. It makes us healthy and energetic. A. promise B. balance C. payment D. difference 2. Believe that you hold the power to ______ your future, so never be afraid of taking risks. A. control B. punish C. separate D. spread 3. —Tom speaks Chinese quite well now. —Yes, he has made _______ progress in Chinese learning. A. common B. simple C. perfect D. rapid 4. —Daming, why did you put a picture of Deng Jiaxian in your book? —Oh, I really ______ him, and I dream of being a scientist like him. A. expect B. admire C. believe D. accept 5. —Why did you ______ the community live music event? — Because we didn’t want to pollute the neighborhood with noise. A. attend B. hold C. cancel D. report 6. Wang Peng was serious about the book report. He worked on it ______ he was satisfied with the result. A. till B. when C. because D. if 7. Every year, people ______ millions of trees, but replace ______ any of them. A. put down; almost B. cut down; hardly C. cut down; almost D. put down; hardly 8. Many come to visit China every year. They are surprised at its great changes. A. customers B. princes C. foreigners D. bands 9. Everyone needs the of laws. Laws keep our society safe and orderly. A. invention B. condition C. progress D. protection 10. He is a good student. He works hard and always helps others. A. undoubtedly B. amazingly C. completely D. especially 二．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School’s Environmental Project Last month, our school started an environmental project. The students in Grade 8 were divided into small groups to work on different tasks. Our group decided to investigate (调查) the water pollution in the river near our school. We first 11 a meeting to make a plan. We knew that we 12 collect water samples (样本) from different parts of the river. We also needed to interview some local people to find out 13 they thought about the river. The next day, we went to the river early in the morning. The river used to 14 very clean, but now it was dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. We 15 three water samples and took some photos. We also talked to an old man who 16 near the river for over 30 years. He told us that the river 17 by factories and people throwing rubbish. After we got back to school, we spent a week 18 our data (数据). We found that the water was not safe for drinking or swimming. We decided to write a report and give it to the local government. We also wanted to make a poster to tell other students 19 the importance of protecting the river. It 20 us a lot of time and effort, but we learned a lot. We realized that it is everyone’s duty to protect the environment. If everyone takes action, our world will become a better place. 11．A．have B．had C．have had D．will have 12．A．must B．have to C．had to D．should 13．A．what B．how C．why D．when 14．A．be B．is C．was D．being 15．A．collect B．collected C．have collected D．will collect 16．A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．had lived 17．A．polluted B．was polluted C．has polluted D．have polluted 18．A．analyze (分析) B．analyzed C．analyzing D．to analyze 19．A．about B．of C．for D．with 20．A．took B．spent C．cost D．paid 三．阅读理解（45分） A Last spring, I visited my grandparents who live in a northern village. I never knew sandstorms could be so terrible until that afternoon. I was helping Grandpa plant young trees in the field when the sky turned yellow in just ten minutes. Grandpa looked up and shouted, “Quick! Run back home, a big sandstorm is coming!” We dropped our tools and ran as fast as we could. Strong wind blew sand into my eyes, and I could barely see the road in front of me. When we got inside the house, Grandpa locked all windows and covered the doors with thick cloth. The wind hit the walls loudly, like thousands of stones knocking outside. Fine sand went through small gaps and covered the table, chairs and floor in a thin yellow layer. Grandma took out wet towels and told us to cover our noses and mouths, so we would not breathe in sand dust. The storm lasted for nearly two hours. After the wind stopped, we walked outside to check the village. Many small trees we planted were blown over. Some farmers’ vegetable fields were covered with sand. The street was full of fallen branches and plastic rubbish. Grandpa told me that sandstorms used to happen many times every year when he was young. Now the village plants lots of trees on the hills around the area. Trees can hold soil and stop wind from carrying sand. The number of sandstorms has become much smaller in recent years. That night, I wrote down everything I saw in my diary. I learned that human activities change nature, and we can also protect nature by planting more green plants. If everyone takes action, natural disasters like sandstorms will become less frequent. 21．Where did the story take place? A．A southern seaside town. B．A northern village. C．A big mountain city. D．A western rainforest. 22．What was the writer doing when the sandstorm came? A．Watering flowers in the garden. B．Planting trees with Grandpa. C．Reading books in the house. D．Collecting stones in the field. 23．Why did Grandma give them wet towels? A．To clean dirty faces after work. B．To keep their hands warm. C．To stop them breathing sand dust. D．To wipe the sand off furniture. 24．What helps cut down sandstorms in the village? A．Building tall walls around fields. B．Planting plenty of trees on hills. C．Covering land with plastic cloth. D．Digging deep holes to hold sand. 25．What lesson did the writer get from the sandstorm? A．Sandstorms only happen in spring. B．People can protect nature with small actions. C．Old villages have no ways to fight sand. D．Wind is the most powerful force of nature. B ①In the Yellow River Basin (流域), scientists studied how human activities influenced nature. They looked at the area from 2001 to 2020 and found some interesting results. Though human activities in the area increased by 66.3%, the quality of natural environment actually got improved by 22.61%. That is to say, with right actions, we can have a better natural environment even when there are more people and more human activities. ②One interesting finding was that some farmland was turned back into natural land. Because of the government’s nature-friendly Grain for Green Program, people were encouraged to plant more trees and grass instead of growing crops. This added 15, 994 square kilometres of natural land. The change helped to make the air fresher, the water cleaner, and the habitats for animals better. ③Another interesting finding was that 45.88% of the area had both more human activities and better natural environment at the same time. This proves that humans and nature can develop together if humans make good choices, such as recycling rubbish and saving energy. ④The study showed that the ecosystem in 33.7% of the Yellow River Basin also improved a lot. People started wetland protection activities and the area of wetland increased by 8.3 square kilometres. Many endangered birds came to live there and some fish swam back. ⑤In a word, only by carrying out eco-friendly activities and making good use of the environment can humans and nature live in harmony. 26．How does the writer show the results of the study in the first paragraph? A．By telling a story, B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 27．What does the underlined phrase “Grain for Green” mostly mean? A．粮食换金钱 B．退耕还林 C．绿色食品 D．谷物种植 28．What can we know about the Grain for Green Program from the passage? A．It centred on planting more trees and grass to feed animals. B．It made a very big difference in helping to protect nature. C．It increased the amount of farmland and made the air cleaner. D．It caused more pollution but helped animals find better homes. 29．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 30．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Human Activities and Improving Nature B．Scientific Studies and Important Findings C．The Best Ways to Protect Nature in China D．The Best Actions in the Yellow River Basin C The Amazing Power of Ocean Energy When we learned Unit 11, we talked about clean new energy from nature. Wind power and solar power are widely known, but ocean energy is a less famous yet promising resource. The ocean covers over seventy percent of Earth’s surface, and it carries huge energy in its waves, tides and temperature differences. If we make good use of ocean energy, it can solve the world’s energy shortage problem without polluting the air. Tidal power is the most developed ocean energy so far. Tides rise and fall twice every day because of the gravity from the moon and sun. People build special dams across river mouths connected to the sea. When the tide rises, water fills the pool behind the dam; when the tide falls, water flows back to the sea through tunnels. The fast-flowing water pushes large turbines, and the turbines create electricity. Tidal power stations can work every day, and they do not produce any waste gas. The biggest tidal power station in the world is in France, and China also built several small tidal power stations along its eastern coast. Wave power uses the up-and-down movement of seawater waves. Machines floating on the sea catch wave energy and turn it into electric power. Unlike solar power that only works in daytime and wind power that depends on windy weather, waves exist all year round. Even on quiet days, small waves can provide stable energy. However, wave power machines face big challenges: seawater is salty and will break metal parts easily, and strong storms may destroy the floating equipment. Scientists are now developing anti-rust materials to fix this problem. Ocean thermal energy makes use of temperature gaps. The surface seawater is warm under the sun, while deep seawater thousands of meters below stays cold all the time. Special machines collect warm surface water to make liquid evaporate. The vapor pushes generators to produce electricity, then cold deep water cools the vapor back into liquid for repeated use. This kind of energy does not create noise pollution, but building related machines costs a lot of money. Compared with coal and oil, ocean energy is renewable. Coal and oil take millions of years to form, but waves and tides will never disappear as long as the ocean exists. Burning fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide that warms the earth, while ocean energy production has almost no carbon emission. Still, ocean energy cannot take the place of traditional energy right now. Building power stations on the sea costs much more than land power plants, and many technical problems need to be solved. But more and more countries put money into ocean energy research. In the future, natural forces from the ocean will become an important clean energy source for human beings. 31．What makes tides rise and fall every day? A．Strong sea winds. B．Gravity of the moon and sun. C．Temperature changes of seawater. D．The movement of underwater rocks. 32．What is one advantage of wave power over solar power? A．It costs less to build machines. B．It works day and night all year. C．It does not need any special equipment. D．It creates no noise at all. 33．What difficulty do wave power machines meet? A．Lack of sunlight on the sea. B．Low speed of sea waves. C．Salt seawater damages metal parts. D．Not enough space on the ocean. 34．Which word can replace the underlined word “renewable”? A．Can be reused forever. B．Hard to produce. C．Easy to transport. D．Bad for environment. 35．What can we infer from the passage? A．Tidal power will replace coal in ten years. B．Ocean energy still needs more technical improvement. C．Thermal energy stations can be built anywhere. D．Wave machines work better on stormy days. D When a lake turns bright green, it may look like someone has poured paint into the water. But the color is a warning. Warm weather and too many nutrients help tiny living things called cyanobacteria (蓝藻) grow very fast. This is called a harmful algal bloom (有害水华). Some blooms make poisons (毒素) that can make people and animals sick. So the problem is not just ugly water—it is also a health risk. For years, people used chemicals (化学物质) to kill the blooms. Some chemicals work fast, but they can also harm other living things. Also, when many dead microbes stay in the water, they become food for other germs (细菌). This creates a second problem. This problem caught the attention of Natalie Muro, an 18-year-old student. Her interest in water started with curiosity, partly from a TV show. She did not just write a school report. She asked a better question: Can we clean a lake in a strong but gentle way? Her answer was a floating device (设备). It slowly puts a weak hydrogen peroxide solution into the water. Hydrogen peroxide kills cyanobacteria, but then it breaks down into water and oxygen. That makes it less dangerous than many traditional treatments. Natalie also added biochar (生物炭), a material that looks like black sponge. Biochar helps collect dead microbes so they will not feed another bloom. The most interesting part is the design thinking. Natalie wanted a system that could work in the real world—with wind, waves, and changing water conditions. She tested her device in a local reservoir that had a harmful bloom. After the treatment, water samples showed fewer cyanobacteria, and other microbes were not hurt. Still, the device is not a perfect answer. Any method in nature needs careful testing. But Natalie’s work teaches us an important lesson: protecting the environment does not always need a huge machine or a lot of money. Sometimes it starts with a student who looks at a green lake and does not see only a problem. She sees a question floating there. 36．Why is a bright green lake a warning? A．Because the green color looks like paint and is ugly. B．Because it means cyanobacteria grow fast and may produce toxins. C．Because the water is too clean for fish to live. D．Because warm weather always turns lakes green. 37．What problems do chemicals cause when treating harmful algal blooms? A．They work too slowly and cost too much money. B．They kill all cyanobacteria but make the water smell bad. C．They can harm other living things and create a second problem. D．They need to be used every day and are hard to find. 38．How does Natalie’s floating device clean the lake in a “strong but gentle” way? A．It uses strong chemicals to kill everything and then removes them. B．It puts a weak hydrogen peroxide solution into the water and uses biochar to collect dead microbes. C．It heats the water to kill cyanobacteria without harming others. D．It adds more nutrients to help good bacteria grow faster. 39．What real-world factors did Natalie consider when designing her device? A．The color of the water and the number of fish. B．Wind, waves, and changing water conditions. C．The cost of electricity and the size of the lake. D．The taste of the water and the smell of the bloom. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The danger of harmful algal blooms in lakes. B．A student’s creative way to clean polluted lake water. C．Different ways to use chemicals to treat water pollution. D．Daily influences of changing weather on lake water. E 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Quanzhou Bay is home to the largest mangrove forest in Fujian Province. Mangroves are widely called the “guardians of the coast” in southern China. 41 But now, the mangroves in Quanzhou Bay are facing many problems, like water pollution and human damage. So we must do something to protect this special coastal ecosystem. What can we middle school students do to protect the mangroves? Here are some useful suggestions. First, we should learn the professional knowledge about mangroves. 42 We can visit the Quanzhou Bay Mangrove Wetland Park, read books about mangroves, or watch documentaries to know how they protect the coast from typhoons and provide homes for wild birds and fish. Second, we should take part in mangrove protection activities. 43 Every year, there are many mangrove planting activities in Quanzhou Bay on Tree Planting Day and World Environment Day. We can join them with our teachers and classmates. Third, we should call on more people to protect mangroves. 44 We can make posters about mangrove protection, give speeches in class, or share short videos about mangroves on the Internet. Let more people know the importance of these special trees. 45 Even small actions can make a big difference to the mangroves in Quanzhou Bay. Let’s work together to protect the “coastal guardians” of our beautiful hometown. A．Only when we know mangroves well can we protect them better. B．For thousands of years, mangroves have protected the Quanzhou coast from typhoons and floods. C．We can also take part in the beach clean-up activities near the mangrove forest. D．We can tell our family and friends about the importance of mangrove protection. E．Mangroves are an important part of Fujian’s coastal ecosystem, and it’s our duty to protect them. 四、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 46. Many t visit this city every year. They love its beautiful scenery. 47. Everyone must follow the rules of s . 48. I set my a at six o'clock. It can wake me up on time. 49. This song is famous w . People from all countries love it. 50. He got a p for being late. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 51. 我们要学会与他人相处。 We should learn to others. 52. 他决定离开，去一座新城市重新开始。 He decided to leave and in a new city. 53. 一些古老习俗已经从日常生活中消失。 Some old customs have daily life. 54. 桂林山水是中国著名的自然奇观。 Guilin scenery is a famous in China. 55. 二氧化碳是一种常见的温室气体。 Carbon dioxide is a common . 五．语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 56 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 57 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 58 (nature) resources. However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 59 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 60 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 61 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 62 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 63 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 64 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 65 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside world. 六．阅读表达（5分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过10个单词。 Now more and more modern cities are creating rooftop vegetable gardens on the flat tops of apartment and office buildings. In the past, most flat rooftops were left empty, covered with fallen rubbish or unused old things, with no practical value at all. Now city planners and local community workers work together to turn these empty spaces into lively small planting fields. Rooftop gardens bring plenty of unexpected benefits to city life. Green leaves and vegetables can block strong sunlight in hot summer, lower indoor temperature and help families save much electricity used for air conditioners. The fresh vegetables grown on roofs grow without harmful chemical pesticides, so they are safe and healthy for daily eating. What’s more, all kinds of green plants can take in harmful waste gas in the air and make the surrounding urban air much fresher. Groups of community volunteers are in charge of daily management of these green rooftops in their free time. They exchange useful planting experience with each other and take turns to look after all the crops after finishing their daily work. To save precious tap water, they place special buckets to collect natural rainwater for watering vegetables. Many city governments have noticed these good changes and will encourage more buildings to develop rooftop planting in the future. 66．Where are city vegetable gardens built? 67．What were most empty rooftops covered with in the past? 68．How do plants help cut down electricity use? 69．Who manages most of the rooftop gardens? 70．What kind of water do volunteers use for watering vegetables? 七、书面表达(10分) 近年来，全球自然灾害频发，极端天气频频出现，环境恶化给全球带来的危害正日益凸显。地球是人类共同的家园。时代的一粒灰落在个人头上就是一座山。没有人能独善其身。假如你叫李华，作为一名学生，应该为环境保护做出哪些贡献呢？请以“Let’s try our best to protect the environment”为题 , 向学生们发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，尽最大的努力保护环境！ 提示： 1. 了解并让更多的人知道环境保护的重要性； 2. 在日常生活中节约用水，节约能源； 3. 为了减少空气污染，最好…… 4. 学会垃圾分类…… 5. 保护野生动物…… 要求： 1.要点齐全并适当发挥。 2.全文不少于90词。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇 ： 1. reduce v. 减少； 2. sort garbage 垃圾分类； 3. four categories(四类垃圾): recyclable waste, harmful waste, kitchen waste and other waste; 4.No business, no killing. 没有买卖就没有杀害。 Let’s try our best to protect the environment Dear friends, I’m a student of Grade 9. My name is Li Hua. As we know, we have only one Earth. But in recent years, many disasters happened on the Earth and unusual weather appeared very often. All these bad things were caused by the terrible environment, but the terrible environment was caused by humans. As students, what should we do? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If we all keep doing these things, I believe the environment will be better and better. Let’s try our best! A student worrying about the environment 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A fine balance单元自测（新教材外研版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. We should keep a between study and rest. It makes us healthy and energetic. A. promise B. balance C. payment D. difference 2. Believe that you hold the power to ______ your future, so never be afraid of taking risks. A. control B. punish C. separate D. spread 3. —Tom speaks Chinese quite well now. —Yes, he has made _______ progress in Chinese learning. A. common B. simple C. perfect D. rapid 4. —Daming, why did you put a picture of Deng Jiaxian in your book? —Oh, I really ______ him, and I dream of being a scientist like him. A. expect B. admire C. believe D. accept 5. —Why did you ______ the community live music event? — Because we didn’t want to pollute the neighborhood with noise. A. attend B. hold C. cancel D. report 6. Wang Peng was serious about the book report. He worked on it ______ he was satisfied with the result. A. till B. when C. because D. if 7. Every year, people ______ millions of trees, but replace ______ any of them. A. put down; almost B. cut down; hardly C. cut down; almost D. put down; hardly 8. Many come to visit China every year. They are surprised at its great changes. A. customers B. princes C. foreigners D. bands 9. Everyone needs the of laws. Laws keep our society safe and orderly. A. invention B. condition C. progress D. protection 10. He is a good student. He works hard and always helps others. A. undoubtedly B. amazingly C. completely D. especially 1.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我们应在学习与休息之间保持平衡，这有助于维持健康状态并提升精力水平。promise诺言；balance均衡；payment支付；difference差别。balance符合句意，故选B。 2.A【答案】 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：相信你有能力控制自己的未来，所以永远不要害怕冒险。control控制；punish惩罚；separate分离；spread传播。根据“you hold the power to...your future”可知，你有能力控制自己的未来 。故选A。 3.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意“-汤姆现在说汉语说得非常好。-是的，他在中文学习上取得了飞速的进步”。A.普遍的；B.简单的；C.完美的；D.迅速的。根据句意可知，现在他汉语说得很好说明他取得了飞速的进步，故选D。 4.【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——大明，你为什么把邓稼先的照片放在你的书里？——哦，我真的很钦佩他，并且我梦想成为像他一样的科学家。expect期望；admire钦佩；believe相信；accept接受。根据“I dream of being a scientist like him”可知，此处表达对邓稼先的钦佩之情，admire表示“钦佩、敬仰”，符合情境。故选B。 5.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——你们为什么取消社区现场音乐活动？——因为我们不想用噪音污染街区。attend参加；hold举办；cancel取消；report报告。根据答语“Because we didn’t want to pollute the neighborhood with noise.”可知，为了避免产生噪音，他们应该是取消了该活动。应填cancel。 6.【答案】A 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：王鹏对待读书报告很认真。他努力做它，直到他对结果满意为止。till直到……为止；when当……时候；because因为；if如果。根据“He worked on it...he was satisfied with the result.”可知，他一直在努力，直到对结果满意才停止，表示动作持续到某一时刻。应填till。 7.【答案】B 【解析】 考查动词短语及副词辨析。句意：人们每年砍伐数百万棵树木，但却几乎不予补种。put down放下，记下；almost几乎；cut down砍倒；hardly几乎不。根据“millions of trees”可知，此处指砍伐树木，cut down符合语境；but表转折关系，hardly“几乎不”符合语境。故选B。 8.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：每年都有许多外国游客前来中国旅游。他们对中国发生的巨大变化感到惊讶。customers 客户；princes王子；foreigners 外国人；bands 乐队。foreigners符合句意，故选C。 9.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：每个人都需要法律的保护。法律维护了社会的安全与秩序。invention发明；condition状况；progress进步；protection保护。protection符合句意，故选D。 10.【答案】A 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：他无疑是个优秀的学生。他勤奋努力，总是乐于助人。undoubtedly 显然；amazingly令人惊奇地；completely彻底地；especially尤其。undoubtedly符合句意，故选A。 二．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School’s Environmental Project Last month, our school started an environmental project. The students in Grade 8 were divided into small groups to work on different tasks. Our group decided to investigate (调查) the water pollution in the river near our school. We first 11 a meeting to make a plan. We knew that we 12 collect water samples (样本) from different parts of the river. We also needed to interview some local people to find out 13 they thought about the river. The next day, we went to the river early in the morning. The river used to 14 very clean, but now it was dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. We 15 three water samples and took some photos. We also talked to an old man who 16 near the river for over 30 years. He told us that the river 17 by factories and people throwing rubbish. After we got back to school, we spent a week 18 our data (数据). We found that the water was not safe for drinking or swimming. We decided to write a report and give it to the local government. We also wanted to make a poster to tell other students 19 the importance of protecting the river. It 20 us a lot of time and effort, but we learned a lot. We realized that it is everyone’s duty to protect the environment. If everyone takes action, our world will become a better place. 11．A．have B．had C．have had D．will have 12．A．must B．have to C．had to D．should 13．A．what B．how C．why D．when 14．A．be B．is C．was D．being 15．A．collect B．collected C．have collected D．will collect 16．A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．had lived 17．A．polluted B．was polluted C．has polluted D．have polluted 18．A．analyze (分析) B．analyzed C．analyzing D．to analyze 19．A．about B．of C．for D．with 20．A．took B．spent C．cost D．paid 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者所在的八年级学生小组参与学校环保项目，对学校附近河流的水污染情况展开调查的完整经历。 【详解】11．句意：我们首先开了会来制定计划。 全文叙述上个月发生的事，整体时态为一般过去时；have a meeting是固定搭配，意为“开会”，have的过去式为had。 12．句意：我们知道我们不得不从河流的不同区域采集水样。 主句谓语“knew”是一般过去时，宾语从句需使用对应的过去时态，这里表示过去客观上“需要”从河流的不同区域采集水样，用have to的过去式had to。 13．句意：我们还需要采访一些当地人，了解他们对这条河的看法。 “find out...they thought about the river.”表明，此处询问他们对这条河的看法，此处what引导宾语从句，在从句中作think的宾语，符合结构与句意。 14．句意：这条河过去非常干净，但现在很脏。 “used to...very clean”表明，河流过去非常干净，used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事、过去曾经是……”，to后必须接动词原形，因此用be。 15．句意：我们采集了三份水样，还拍了一些照片。 and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前后时态需保持一致；后面的took是take的过去式，因此collect也要用过去式collected。 16．句意：我们还和一位在河边住了30多年的老人交谈了。 “for over 30 years”是持续时间段，需搭配完成时态。主句谓语“talked”是一般过去时，“居住”的动作发生在“交谈”之前，属于“过去的过去”，因此用过去完成时had lived。 17．句意：他告诉我们，这条河被工厂和乱扔垃圾的人们污染了。 河流是“被污染”的对象，需使用被动语态；主句“He told us”是一般过去时，从句陈述过去的客观事实，用一般过去时的被动语态was polluted即可。 18．句意：回到学校后，我们花了一周时间分析数据。 spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，介词in可省略，后接动名词形式，因此用analyzing“分析”。 19．句意：我们还想制作一张海报，告诉其他学生保护河流的重要性。 tell sb. about sth.是固定搭配，意为“告诉某人关于某事的情况”，需用介词about。B、C、D 均无此搭配含义。 20．句意：这件事花费了我们很多时间和精力，但我们学到了很多。 “It...us a lot of time”表明，调查水污染这件事花费了我们的时间，It takes sb. some time/effort to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多少时间、精力”，主语为事物it；全文为过去时态，take的过去式是took。spend和pay的主语必须是人，cost多用来表示花费金钱，均不符合用法。 三．阅读理解（45分） A Last spring, I visited my grandparents who live in a northern village. I never knew sandstorms could be so terrible until that afternoon. I was helping Grandpa plant young trees in the field when the sky turned yellow in just ten minutes. Grandpa looked up and shouted, “Quick! Run back home, a big sandstorm is coming!” We dropped our tools and ran as fast as we could. Strong wind blew sand into my eyes, and I could barely see the road in front of me. When we got inside the house, Grandpa locked all windows and covered the doors with thick cloth. The wind hit the walls loudly, like thousands of stones knocking outside. Fine sand went through small gaps and covered the table, chairs and floor in a thin yellow layer. Grandma took out wet towels and told us to cover our noses and mouths, so we would not breathe in sand dust. The storm lasted for nearly two hours. After the wind stopped, we walked outside to check the village. Many small trees we planted were blown over. Some farmers’ vegetable fields were covered with sand. The street was full of fallen branches and plastic rubbish. Grandpa told me that sandstorms used to happen many times every year when he was young. Now the village plants lots of trees on the hills around the area. Trees can hold soil and stop wind from carrying sand. The number of sandstorms has become much smaller in recent years. That night, I wrote down everything I saw in my diary. I learned that human activities change nature, and we can also protect nature by planting more green plants. If everyone takes action, natural disasters like sandstorms will become less frequent. 21．Where did the story take place? A．A southern seaside town. B．A northern village. C．A big mountain city. D．A western rainforest. 22．What was the writer doing when the sandstorm came? A．Watering flowers in the garden. B．Planting trees with Grandpa. C．Reading books in the house. D．Collecting stones in the field. 23．Why did Grandma give them wet towels? A．To clean dirty faces after work. B．To keep their hands warm. C．To stop them breathing sand dust. D．To wipe the sand off furniture. 24．What helps cut down sandstorms in the village? A．Building tall walls around fields. B．Planting plenty of trees on hills. C．Covering land with plastic cloth. D．Digging deep holes to hold sand. 25．What lesson did the writer get from the sandstorm? A．Sandstorms only happen in spring. B．People can protect nature with small actions. C．Old villages have no ways to fight sand. D．Wind is the most powerful force of nature. 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在乡下亲身遭遇沙尘暴的经历，并从中懂得植树可以抵御风沙、保护自然的道理。 【详解】21．第一段第一句指出地点：“Last spring, I visited my grandparents who live in a northern village”，说明故事发生在一个北方的村庄。 22．第二段第一句指出行为：“I was helping Grandpa plant young trees in the field when the sky turned yellow…”，沙尘暴来临时，作者正在和爷爷一起种树。 23．第三段最后一句解释原因：“Grandma took out wet towels…so we would not breathe in sand dust”，说明奶奶给湿毛巾是为了让他们捂住口鼻，防止吸入沙尘。 24．第五段第二、三句介绍做法：“Now the village plants lots of trees on the hills around the area. Trees can hold soil and stop wind from carrying sand”，说明在山上种植大量树木有助于减少沙尘暴。 25．最后一段点明启示：“I learned that human activities change nature, and we can also protect nature by planting more green plants. If everyone takes action, natural disasters like sandstorms will become less frequent”，说明作者学到的教训是人们可以通过植树等行动来保护自然，减少灾害。 B ①In the Yellow River Basin (流域), scientists studied how human activities influenced nature. They looked at the area from 2001 to 2020 and found some interesting results. Though human activities in the area increased by 66.3%, the quality of natural environment actually got improved by 22.61%. That is to say, with right actions, we can have a better natural environment even when there are more people and more human activities. ②One interesting finding was that some farmland was turned back into natural land. Because of the government’s nature-friendly Grain for Green Program, people were encouraged to plant more trees and grass instead of growing crops. This added 15, 994 square kilometres of natural land. The change helped to make the air fresher, the water cleaner, and the habitats for animals better. ③Another interesting finding was that 45.88% of the area had both more human activities and better natural environment at the same time. This proves that humans and nature can develop together if humans make good choices, such as recycling rubbish and saving energy. ④The study showed that the ecosystem in 33.7% of the Yellow River Basin also improved a lot. People started wetland protection activities and the area of wetland increased by 8.3 square kilometres. Many endangered birds came to live there and some fish swam back. ⑤In a word, only by carrying out eco-friendly activities and making good use of the environment can humans and nature live in harmony. 26．How does the writer show the results of the study in the first paragraph? A．By telling a story, B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 27．What does the underlined phrase “Grain for Green” mostly mean? A．粮食换金钱 B．退耕还林 C．绿色食品 D．谷物种植 28．What can we know about the Grain for Green Program from the passage? A．It centred on planting more trees and grass to feed animals. B．It made a very big difference in helping to protect nature. C．It increased the amount of farmland and made the air cleaner. D．It caused more pollution but helped animals find better homes. 29．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 30．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Human Activities and Improving Nature B．Scientific Studies and Important Findings C．The Best Ways to Protect Nature in China D．The Best Actions in the Yellow River Basin 【答案】26．C 27．B 28．B 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家对黄河流域的研究，发现尽管人类活动增加，但通过环保措施，自然环境质量仍得到改善，并列举了退耕还林、湿地保护等具体成果，强调了人与自然和谐发展的可能性。 【详解】26．第一段中作者使用了具体数据（如“increased by 66.3%”、“improved by 22.61%”）来呈现研究结果，因此是通过列数字的方式说明的。 27．根据第二段“Because of the government’s nature-friendly Grain for Green Program, people were encouraged to plant more trees and grass instead of growing crops.”，可知“Grain for Green”指的是鼓励人们退耕还林、还草，即“退耕还林”。 28．根据第二段，退耕还林项目新增了15994平方公里的自然土地，改善了空气、水质和动物栖息地，对自然保护起到了重要作用。 29．文章结构为：①段总述研究背景与结论；②③④段分述具体发现（退耕还林、人类与自然协同发展、湿地改善）；⑤段总结升华，因此是“总-分-总”结构。 30．全文围绕黄河流域人类活动增加的同时，自然环境质量却得到改善这一核心内容展开，因此最佳标题为“Human Activities and Improving Nature”。 C The Amazing Power of Ocean Energy When we learned Unit 11, we talked about clean new energy from nature. Wind power and solar power are widely known, but ocean energy is a less famous yet promising resource. The ocean covers over seventy percent of Earth’s surface, and it carries huge energy in its waves, tides and temperature differences. If we make good use of ocean energy, it can solve the world’s energy shortage problem without polluting the air. Tidal power is the most developed ocean energy so far. Tides rise and fall twice every day because of the gravity from the moon and sun. People build special dams across river mouths connected to the sea. When the tide rises, water fills the pool behind the dam; when the tide falls, water flows back to the sea through tunnels. The fast-flowing water pushes large turbines, and the turbines create electricity. Tidal power stations can work every day, and they do not produce any waste gas. The biggest tidal power station in the world is in France, and China also built several small tidal power stations along its eastern coast. Wave power uses the up-and-down movement of seawater waves. Machines floating on the sea catch wave energy and turn it into electric power. Unlike solar power that only works in daytime and wind power that depends on windy weather, waves exist all year round. Even on quiet days, small waves can provide stable energy. However, wave power machines face big challenges: seawater is salty and will break metal parts easily, and strong storms may destroy the floating equipment. Scientists are now developing anti-rust materials to fix this problem. Ocean thermal energy makes use of temperature gaps. The surface seawater is warm under the sun, while deep seawater thousands of meters below stays cold all the time. Special machines collect warm surface water to make liquid evaporate. The vapor pushes generators to produce electricity, then cold deep water cools the vapor back into liquid for repeated use. This kind of energy does not create noise pollution, but building related machines costs a lot of money. Compared with coal and oil, ocean energy is renewable. Coal and oil take millions of years to form, but waves and tides will never disappear as long as the ocean exists. Burning fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide that warms the earth, while ocean energy production has almost no carbon emission. Still, ocean energy cannot take the place of traditional energy right now. Building power stations on the sea costs much more than land power plants, and many technical problems need to be solved. But more and more countries put money into ocean energy research. In the future, natural forces from the ocean will become an important clean energy source for human beings. 31．What makes tides rise and fall every day? A．Strong sea winds. B．Gravity of the moon and sun. C．Temperature changes of seawater. D．The movement of underwater rocks. 32．What is one advantage of wave power over solar power? A．It costs less to build machines. B．It works day and night all year. C．It does not need any special equipment. D．It creates no noise at all. 33．What difficulty do wave power machines meet? A．Lack of sunlight on the sea. B．Low speed of sea waves. C．Salt seawater damages metal parts. D．Not enough space on the ocean. 34．Which word can replace the underlined word “renewable”? A．Can be reused forever. B．Hard to produce. C．Easy to transport. D．Bad for environment. 35．What can we infer from the passage? A．Tidal power will replace coal in ten years. B．Ocean energy still needs more technical improvement. C．Thermal energy stations can be built anywhere. D．Wave machines work better on stormy days. 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍海洋能这种清洁能源，分别讲解潮汐能、波浪能、海洋热能的发电原理、优缺点，并对比传统化石能源，说明海洋能可再生、低碳环保，但目前仍存在成本与技术难题，未来会成为重要清洁能源。 【详解】31．原文第二段指出成因“Tides rise and fall twice every day because of the gravity from the moon and sun.”，直接说明日月引力造成潮汐涨落。 32．原文第三段对比“Unlike solar power that only works in daytime and wind power that depends on windy weather, waves exist all year round.”，说明波浪能全年昼夜均可工作，这是相对太阳能的优势。 33．原文第三段说明设备难题“seawater is salty and will break metal parts easily”，指出咸海水会腐蚀金属部件。 34．原文第五段解释“renewable”：“Coal and oil take millions of years to form, but waves and tides will never disappear as long as the ocean exists.”，说明海洋能源源不断、可以永久循环利用，对应A选项“Can be reused forever”。 35．原文最后一段给出依据“many technical problems need to be solved. But more and more countries put money into ocean energy research.”，可推断海洋能仍需要更多技术改良。 D When a lake turns bright green, it may look like someone has poured paint into the water. But the color is a warning. Warm weather and too many nutrients help tiny living things called cyanobacteria (蓝藻) grow very fast. This is called a harmful algal bloom (有害水华). Some blooms make poisons (毒素) that can make people and animals sick. So the problem is not just ugly water—it is also a health risk. For years, people used chemicals (化学物质) to kill the blooms. Some chemicals work fast, but they can also harm other living things. Also, when many dead microbes stay in the water, they become food for other germs (细菌). This creates a second problem. This problem caught the attention of Natalie Muro, an 18-year-old student. Her interest in water started with curiosity, partly from a TV show. She did not just write a school report. She asked a better question: Can we clean a lake in a strong but gentle way? Her answer was a floating device (设备). It slowly puts a weak hydrogen peroxide solution into the water. Hydrogen peroxide kills cyanobacteria, but then it breaks down into water and oxygen. That makes it less dangerous than many traditional treatments. Natalie also added biochar (生物炭), a material that looks like black sponge. Biochar helps collect dead microbes so they will not feed another bloom. The most interesting part is the design thinking. Natalie wanted a system that could work in the real world—with wind, waves, and changing water conditions. She tested her device in a local reservoir that had a harmful bloom. After the treatment, water samples showed fewer cyanobacteria, and other microbes were not hurt. Still, the device is not a perfect answer. Any method in nature needs careful testing. But Natalie’s work teaches us an important lesson: protecting the environment does not always need a huge machine or a lot of money. Sometimes it starts with a student who looks at a green lake and does not see only a problem. She sees a question floating there. 36．Why is a bright green lake a warning? A．Because the green color looks like paint and is ugly. B．Because it means cyanobacteria grow fast and may produce toxins. C．Because the water is too clean for fish to live. D．Because warm weather always turns lakes green. 37．What problems do chemicals cause when treating harmful algal blooms? A．They work too slowly and cost too much money. B．They kill all cyanobacteria but make the water smell bad. C．They can harm other living things and create a second problem. D．They need to be used every day and are hard to find. 38．How does Natalie’s floating device clean the lake in a “strong but gentle” way? A．It uses strong chemicals to kill everything and then removes them. B．It puts a weak hydrogen peroxide solution into the water and uses biochar to collect dead microbes. C．It heats the water to kill cyanobacteria without harming others. D．It adds more nutrients to help good bacteria grow faster. 39．What real-world factors did Natalie consider when designing her device? A．The color of the water and the number of fish. B．Wind, waves, and changing water conditions. C．The cost of electricity and the size of the lake. D．The taste of the water and the smell of the bloom. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The danger of harmful algal blooms in lakes. B．A student’s creative way to clean polluted lake water. C．Different ways to use chemicals to treat water pollution. D．Daily influences of changing weather on lake water. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．B 【导语】本文主要先介绍了湖泊蓝藻水华的成因、危害，以及传统化学治理方法存在的缺陷；接着讲述18岁学生Natalie设计出温和安全的浮动装置治理水华，测试证明有效；最后点明主旨：环境保护不一定需要大型设备或高额成本，往往始于年轻人对问题的主动思考与创新。 【详解】36．根据第一段内容“But the color is a warning. Warm weather and too many nutrients help tiny living things called cyanobacteria…Some blooms make poisons”可知湖水变绿是警告，因为这意味着蓝藻快速生长且可能产生毒素，危害健康。 37．根据第二段中“Some chemicals work fast, but they can also harm other living things. Also…This creates a second problem.”可知使用化学物质治理水华的问题是它们会伤害其他生物，并且死去的微生物会成为其他细菌的食物，引发第二个问题。 38．根据第四段中“It slowly puts a weak hydrogen peroxide solution into the water…Biochar helps collect dead microbes”可知Natalie的装置原理是缓慢注入低浓度过氧化氢，它杀死蓝藻后会分解成水和氧气，更安全，再加生物炭收集死亡微生物，避免引发新的水华，和B选项描述完全一致。 39．根据第五段中“Natalie wanted a system that could work in the real world—with wind, waves, and changing water conditions.”可知，她在设计设备时考虑了风、浪以及变化的水况等现实因素。 40．通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了湖泊水华问题及传统化学治理的弊端，随后重点讲述了一名18岁学生Natalie发明浮动装置治理污染湖泊的创新方法及其意义。B选项“A student’s creative way to clean polluted lake water.”最能概括文章主旨。 E 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Quanzhou Bay is home to the largest mangrove forest in Fujian Province. Mangroves are widely called the “guardians of the coast” in southern China. 41 But now, the mangroves in Quanzhou Bay are facing many problems, like water pollution and human damage. So we must do something to protect this special coastal ecosystem. What can we middle school students do to protect the mangroves? Here are some useful suggestions. First, we should learn the professional knowledge about mangroves. 42 We can visit the Quanzhou Bay Mangrove Wetland Park, read books about mangroves, or watch documentaries to know how they protect the coast from typhoons and provide homes for wild birds and fish. Second, we should take part in mangrove protection activities. 43 Every year, there are many mangrove planting activities in Quanzhou Bay on Tree Planting Day and World Environment Day. We can join them with our teachers and classmates. Third, we should call on more people to protect mangroves. 44 We can make posters about mangrove protection, give speeches in class, or share short videos about mangroves on the Internet. Let more people know the importance of these special trees. 45 Even small actions can make a big difference to the mangroves in Quanzhou Bay. Let’s work together to protect the “coastal guardians” of our beautiful hometown. A．Only when we know mangroves well can we protect them better. B．For thousands of years, mangroves have protected the Quanzhou coast from typhoons and floods. C．We can also take part in the beach clean-up activities near the mangrove forest. D．We can tell our family and friends about the importance of mangrove protection. E．Mangroves are an important part of Fujian’s coastal ecosystem, and it’s our duty to protect them. 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．E 【导语】本文介绍了福建泉州湾红树林的生态价值与面临的问题，并从学习知识、参与活动、呼吁他人三个方面，向中学生提出了保护红树林的具体建议，号召大家共同守护这片“海岸卫士”。 【详解】41．前文提到红树林被称为“海岸卫士”，后文转折说明红树林正面临污染与破坏。B选项“数千年来，红树林一直保护着泉州海岸免受台风和洪水的侵袭”承接上文，具体解释了红树林作为“海岸卫士”的作用，与后文转折形成对比。 42．前文提出建议“我们应该学习红树林的专业知识”，后文列举了学习的具体方式。A选项“只有充分了解红树林，我们才能更好地保护它们”承接上文，点明学习知识的目的，逻辑连贯。 43．前文提出建议“我们应该参与红树林保护活动”，后文列举了植树活动的例子。C选项“我们也可以参加红树林附近的海滩清理活动”补充了其他可参与的保护活动，与后文的植树活动并列，丰富了参与方式。 44．前文提出建议“我们应该呼吁更多人保护红树林”，后文列举了制作海报、演讲、分享视频等方式。D选项“我们可以向家人和朋友宣传保护红树林的重要性”是呼吁他人的具体方式之一，与后文的例子衔接自然。 45．前文列举了保护红树林的具体建议，后文发出号召，说明微小行动也能带来改变。E选项“红树林是福建海岸生态系统的重要组成部分，保护它们是我们的责任”总结全文，点明保护红树林的责任与意义，引出结尾的号召。 四、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 46. Many t visit this city every year. They love its beautiful scenery. 47. Everyone must follow the rules of s . 48. I set my a at six o'clock. It can wake me up on time. 49. This song is famous w . People from all countries love it. 50. He got a p for being late. 【答案】46. tourists 47. society48. alarm 49. worldwide50. punishment B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 51. 我们要学会与他人相处。 We should learn to others. 52. 他决定离开，去一座新城市重新开始。 He decided to leave and in a new city. 53. 一些古老习俗已经从日常生活中消失。 Some old customs have daily life. 54. 桂林山水是中国著名的自然奇观。 Guilin scenery is a famous in China. 55. 二氧化碳是一种常见的温室气体。 Carbon dioxide is a common . 【答案】51. get along with52. start over53. disappeared from54. natural wonder55. greenhouse gas 五．语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 56 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 57 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 58 (nature) resources. However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 59 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 60 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 61 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 62 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 63 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 64 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 65 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside world. 【答案】56．means 57．for 58．natural 59．more difficult 60．getting 61．to start 62．and 63．its 64．parks 65．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国最大的自然公园——三江源国家公园的基本情况、面临的生态危机以及我国为保护其生态环境所采取的积极措施。 【详解】56．句意：“Sanjiangyuan”意为中国三大江河——长江、黄河和澜沧江的水源地。 主语“Sanjiangyuan”为第三人称单数，全文以一般现在时介绍客观事实；mean意为“意思是、意味着”，第三人称单数加s。 57．句意：三江源因其美丽的风景而闻名。 be famous for为固定搭配，意为“因……而闻名”，后接名词the beautiful scenery。 58．句意：那里的人们依靠其丰富的自然资源生活。 空格处修饰名词resources（资源），需用形容词；nature是名词“自然”，其形容词形式natural意为“自然的”。 59．句意：那里的动物和人类生存比其他地方更加艰难。 后文“than that in other places”出现比较级标志词than，difficult的比较级为more difficult。 60．句意：为了阻止情况变得更糟，我们的政府已经采取了诸多措施。 stop...from doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，介词from后接动词-ing形式；get worse意为“变得更糟”。 61．句意：俱乐部建议成员们发起一个微信群并邀请其他人加入。 advise sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，不定式to后接动词原形start。 62．句意：这是一个很棒的想法。它允许越来越多的人相互见面，并且在线讨论如何保护环境。 前后分句meet each other online和discuss how to protect the environment是并列关系，用and连接。 63．句意：现在，我们的人民与自然和谐共处。我们的国家正在努力使三江源国家公园成为全世界最著名的公园之一。 空格后best为副词最高级，前需用形容词性物主代词或定冠词；try one’s best为固定短语，意为“尽最大努力”，主语为Our country，对应its。 64．句意：我们国家正在尽它最大的努力使三江源国家公园成为全世界最著名的公园之一。 one of+形容词最高级+名词复数为固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”；park的复数形式为parks。 65．句意：我相信未来这个公园将成为向外界展示中国美丽风光的一个窗口。 window为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a表示“一个”。 六．阅读表达（5分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过10个单词。 Now more and more modern cities are creating rooftop vegetable gardens on the flat tops of apartment and office buildings. In the past, most flat rooftops were left empty, covered with fallen rubbish or unused old things, with no practical value at all. Now city planners and local community workers work together to turn these empty spaces into lively small planting fields. Rooftop gardens bring plenty of unexpected benefits to city life. Green leaves and vegetables can block strong sunlight in hot summer, lower indoor temperature and help families save much electricity used for air conditioners. The fresh vegetables grown on roofs grow without harmful chemical pesticides, so they are safe and healthy for daily eating. What’s more, all kinds of green plants can take in harmful waste gas in the air and make the surrounding urban air much fresher. Groups of community volunteers are in charge of daily management of these green rooftops in their free time. They exchange useful planting experience with each other and take turns to look after all the crops after finishing their daily work. To save precious tap water, they place special buckets to collect natural rainwater for watering vegetables. Many city governments have noticed these good changes and will encourage more buildings to develop rooftop planting in the future. 66．Where are city vegetable gardens built? 67．What were most empty rooftops covered with in the past? 68．How do plants help cut down electricity use? 69．Who manages most of the rooftop gardens? 70．What kind of water do volunteers use for watering vegetables? 【答案】66．On flat tops of buildings. 67．Rubbish or unused old things. 68．By blocking strong sunlight. 69．Community volunteers. 70．Collected natural rainwater. 【导语】本文主要介绍了现代城市中屋顶蔬菜花园的建设背景、带来的诸多环保与经济效益，以及社区志愿者对屋顶花园的日常维护管理情况。 【详解】66．根据第一段第一句中的“…creating rooftop vegetable gardens on the flat tops of apartment and office buildings.”可知，城市的屋顶蔬菜花园是建在公寓和写字楼等建筑的平坦顶部（即屋顶）上的。本题提取句中关键位置信息。 67．根据第一段第二句中的“…most flat rooftops were left empty, covered with fallen rubbish or unused old things…”可知，在过去，大多数空置的屋顶通常被落下的垃圾或废旧的物品覆盖。本题直接提取文中关键名词作答。 68．根据第二段第二句中的“Green leaves and vegetables can block strong sunlight in hot summer, lower indoor temperature and help families save much electricity…”可知，绿叶和蔬菜能够遮挡夏日里强烈的阳光，从而降低室内温度并减少空调电力消耗。本题使用“By”引导动名词短语来回答具体方式。 69．根据第三段第一句中的“Groups of community volunteers are in charge of daily management of these green rooftops…”可知，社区志愿者们负责这些屋顶绿化带的日常管理。本题直接提取文中的核心主语作答。 70．根据第三段第三句中的“…they place special buckets to collect natural rainwater for watering vegetables.”可知，志愿者们通过放置专门的桶来收集天然雨水，并用这些雨水来浇灌蔬菜。本题转述提取其水源来源。 七、书面表达(10分) 近年来，全球自然灾害频发，极端天气频频出现，环境恶化给全球带来的危害正日益凸显。地球是人类共同的家园。时代的一粒灰落在个人头上就是一座山。没有人能独善其身。假如你叫李华，作为一名学生，应该为环境保护做出哪些贡献呢？请以“Let’s try our best to protect the environment”为题 , 向学生们发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，尽最大的努力保护环境！ 提示： 1. 了解并让更多的人知道环境保护的重要性； 2. 在日常生活中节约用水，节约能源； 3. 为了减少空气污染，最好…… 4. 学会垃圾分类…… 5. 保护野生动物…… 要求： 1.要点齐全并适当发挥。 2.全文不少于90词。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇 ： 1. reduce v. 减少； 2. sort garbage 垃圾分类； 3. four categories(四类垃圾): recyclable waste, harmful waste, kitchen waste and other waste; 4.No business, no killing. 没有买卖就没有杀害。 Let’s try our best to protect the environment Dear friends, I’m a student of Grade 9. My name is Li Hua. As we know, we have only one Earth. But in recent years, many disasters happened on the Earth and unusual weather appeared very often. All these bad things were caused by the terrible environment, but the terrible environment was caused by humans. As students, what should we do? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If we all keep doing these things, I believe the environment will be better and better. Let’s try our best! A student worrying about the environment 【答案】 Let’s try our best to protect the environment Dear friends, I’m a student of Grade 9. My name is Li Hua. As we know, we have only one Earth. But in recent years, many disasters happened on the Earth and unusual weather appeared very often. All these bad things were caused by the terrible environment, but the terrible environment was caused by humans. As students, what should we do? First, in order to protect our environment, we can give talks on how important the environment is. Second, we should save water and energy in our daily life. Third, in order to reduce air pollution, it’s better to go to school by bus, by bike or on foot. Fourth, we should divide the garbage into four kinds before putting it into the dustbins, and we should learn how to sort it. And we can reuse bags instead of plastic bags. Last but not least, no business, no killing. We all should know that wild animals are part of the environment, so we shouldn’t eat them. It’s time for us to protect wild animals. If we all keep doing these things, I believe the environment will be better and better. Let’s try our best! A student worrying about the environment 【详解】写作步骤 【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体：倡议书，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：了解并让更多的人知道环境保护的重要性、在日常生活中节约用水和节约能源、减少空气污染、学会垃圾分类、保护野生动物 确定人称：第一人称(We/our) 注意事项：全文不少于90词 【第二步:构思布局】 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，引出话题 主体段：分别从了解并让更多的人知道环境保护的重要性、在日常生活中节约用水和节约能源、减少空气污染、学会垃圾分类、保护野生动物等方面发出倡议 结尾段：总结感受，升华主题 【第三步：要点展开】 要点一：了解并让更多的人知道环境保护的重要性 give talks on how important the environment is 要点二：在日常生活中节约用水，节约能源 save water and energy in our daily life 要点三：减少空气污染 reduce air pollution/go to school by bus/by bike/on foot 要点四：学会垃圾分类 divide the garbage into four kinds before putting it into the dustbins/learn how to sort garbage/reuse bags instead of plastic bags. 要点五：保护野生动物 no business, no killing/know that wild animals are part of the environment/shouldn’t eat wild animals/protect wild animals. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $