UNIT 2 Natural disasters-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（译林版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“Natural disasters”主题，覆盖高考核心词汇（如disaster, occur）、重点句型（be doing...when...）、应用文写作及读后续写等考点，按“基础积累-考点突破-实战应用”逻辑架构，通过考点梳理（单元知识清单）、方法指导（核心词练通写美）、真题训练（2024-2025真题解析）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料融合语言能力与思维品质培养，采用情境化任务设计（如地震慰问信写作）和分层练习（单句语法填空、真题阅读），以核心词“occur”为例，通过“练通语法填空+写美高考句子”提升应用能力，为教师提供系统考点清单和分层训练方案，助力精准把控复习节奏，有效提升学生应考能力。

UNIT 2　Natural disasters 晨背·积累沉淀 　　情境填空·重拾教材 　　On 17 March， 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the county.Only 5 students suffered slight 1.　injuries　 （injure）.Head teacher， Alice Brown， was teaching 2.　when　 the floor began to shake.Her students’ 3.　reaction　 （react） was quick and correct.4.　The　 moment the shaking stopped， Miss Brown signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 5.　orderly　 （order） line with their hands on their heads.Soon the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground， safe 6.　and　 sound. 　　On 20 December， a series of huge waves 7.　caused　 （cause） by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.However， a 10-year-old girl， Sabrina Andron， helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis.She noticed something odd about the water.It occurred 8.　to　 her that these were signs of an 9.　approaching　 （approach） tsunami.She kept her head and warned other people of the danger.To her 10.　relief　 （relieve）， the beach was rapidly cleared of people far and wide， just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认 1.procedure n.　　程序，步骤，手续 2.document n.　　文件，公文；（计算机中的）文档 3.unearth vt.　　使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 4.bar n.　　酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.　　封；阻挡；阻止 5.cloud-capped adj. 高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 6.ashy adj.　　覆盖着灰的；灰色的 7.pattern n.　　图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 8.column n.　　柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列 Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨 1.crash n.　　碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi. & vt.　　碰撞，撞击；崩溃 2.roll n.　　名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi. & vt.　　翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 3.beyond adv.　　在较远处，在另一边 prep.　　在更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外 4.odd adj.　　奇怪的，偶尔的；奇数的 5.trunk n.　　树干；象鼻；大箱子；躯干 Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写 1.disaster n.　　灾难，灾害；彻底失败 2.signal vi. & vt.　　发信号，示意；标志 n.　　信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 3.exit vt. & vi.　　出去，离去，退场；退出 n.　　出口，通道；离开 4.orderly adj.　　有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 5.stair n.　　楼梯；梯级 6.confirm vt.　　证实，确认；使确信；批准 7.hug vt.　　拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 8.occur vi.　　发生，出现；存在于 9.conference n.　　会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 10.supply n.　　补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.　　供应，供给，提供 11.charity n.　　慈善机构；慈善；仁爱 12.staff n.　　全体职工；管理人员 vt.　　在……工作，任职于 13.slide n.　　幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi. & vt.　　滑行；逐渐陷入 14.fund n.　　资金；基金 15.flood n.　　洪水，水灾；大量 vi. & vt.　　淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 16.downstairs adv.　　在楼下，往楼下 n.　　楼下 17.otherwise adv.　　否则，不然；除此以外 18.destination n.　　目的地，终点 19.import n.　　进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.　　进口，引进 20.export n.　　出口产品；出口，输出 vt.　　出口，输出 21.port n.　　港口，避风港；港口城市 22.dawn n.　　黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.　　开始；开始清楚 23.rescue n. & vt.　　救援，营救，抢救 Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓 1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n.伤害；损伤→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→uninjured adj.未受伤的 2.react vi.反应→reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→reactive adj.反应的；回应的；能起化学反应的；易反应的 3.relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻，缓和→relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的；显得开心的 4.destruct v.破坏→destruction n.破坏→destructive adj.引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的 5.inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n.信息→informed adj.有学问的；有见识的 6.shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 7.scare vt. & vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 8.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力的，强大的→powerless adj.无权的；无能为力的 9.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献（血）→donation n.捐赠 10.curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地，奇怪地→curiosity n.好奇，好奇心 11.erupt vi. & vt.（火山）爆发；突然发生→eruption n.爆发 12.distant adj.遥远的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 vt.拉开距离；使疏远→distantly adv.遥远地；疏远地，恍惚地 13.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；锋利地→sharpen vt.使锋利 14.locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在（或建造于）→location n.地点，位置 15.retire vi. & vt.退休，退职→retirement n.退休 Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记 1.at large 　　整个，全部 （近义： as a whole） 2.safe and sound 　　安然无恙的（同义： safe and unhurt） 3.occur to 　　被想到，浮现在脑中 4.keep one’s head 　　（在困境中）保持冷静（近义： keep one’s cool） 5.run out of 　　用完，耗尽（同义： use up） 6.take the form of 　　呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7.break out 　　突然开始，爆发 8.far and wide 　　到处，各处 9.in all directions 　　朝着四面八方 10.above all 　　最重要的是（同义： first and foremost） 11.in the distance 　　在远处 12.in detail 　　详细地（反义： in brief 简而言之） 13.to one’s relief 　　让某人宽慰的是 14.hold on to 　　抓紧，不放开；（替别人或更长时间地）保存某物 15.flood in 　　涌入 Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用 1.Alice Brown， head teacher at Falmont Primary School， was teaching when the floor began to shake.（be doing ... when ...） 弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，突然地面开始晃动。 2.At the same time， Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door， in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.（in case引导目的状语从句） 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。 3.The moment the shaking stopped， Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.（心理描写； the moment作连词） 地震停止的瞬间，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。 4.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.（动作描写；动词-ing短语作状语） 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。 5.Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.（状语从句的省略） 它的墙壁新得像昨天刚刚粉刷过，地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 后缀-ment为动词转换为名词后缀，表示“……的行为（结果）” 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2025·全国一卷）For the next two assignments， a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop， I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre （体裁） and that it contain a thesis. 　n.作业　 2.（2024·北京卷）Proficiency （熟练） levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. 　n.安置，定位　 3.（2024·北京卷）I’d just arrived at school， ready for another school day.I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement. 　n.公告　 4.Those who had held mentally stimulating （刺激）， demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. 　n.退休　 5.I use mobile payment.I’ve even built websites. 　n.支付；付款　 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.frame n.框架；骨架；体形 vt.拟订；给……做框 ①frame of mind　　　　　心态 ②frame a question　　提出问题 ③frame a plan　　制定计划 Scientists must frame the right questions before they can evolve their theories. 科学家们需要先构建正确问题，方能进一步完善他们的理论。 2.gesture n.手势；姿态；表示 v.打手势 ①gesture to/at sb/sth　　向某人/某物做手势 ②as a gesture of goodwill/friendship　　作为善意/友好的表示 ③make/give a gesture　　做一个手势 （2025·全国一卷） A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect for the other side. 一位体面的获胜者总是会尽量以不超过一两分的差距击败对手，以示对对手的尊重。 核心知识 点面突破 reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 练通 单句语法填空 ①To lead a happy successful life requires being able to understand and react 　to　 situations in the best way possible. ②Besides， in tennis you must learn to be 　reactive　 （react）， because you don’t know how long the match lasts. ③〔外研选必四〕These 　reactions　 （react） help humankind delve into the unknown and advance towards a more progressive and civilized society. 写美 翻译句子 ④〔人教必修二〕在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴，每天都更享受它。 　Encouraged by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience， I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.　 （1）reaction to ...　对……的反应 （2）react vi.　　起化学反应；作出反应；回应 react to　　对……作出反应 react with　　与……起（化学）反应 react against　　反对；反抗 （3）reactive adj.　　反应的；电抗的；活性的 佳句 Her students’ reaction was quick and correct — they moved under their desks， head first， and held on to the legs of the desks. （动作描写） 她的学生们反应迅速且正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。 Before she could react， I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret from me. 她还没有来得及反应过来我就紧紧地抱着她并告诉她这件事情不必对我保密。 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 练通 单句语法填空 ①They worked out an effective method， which 　was confirmed　 （confirm） by the leadership. ②〔人教选必二〕The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red， gold， and orange， and there was frost on the ground， 　confirming　 （confirm） that autumn had arrived in Canada. 写美 翻译句子 ③点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑着，哭着，并互相拥抱着。[confirm， 动词-ing形式（短语）作状语] 　After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound， they relaxed， laughing， crying and hugging each other.　 （1）confirm sth/that ...　　证实/确定…… confirm sb in the belief that ...　　使某人坚信…… confirm sb as　　任命某人为 be confirmed by sb　　被某人认可 It has been confirmed that ...　　已经确定/证实…… （2）confirmation n.　　证实，确认 佳句 I do hope you are able to join us.Please reply to confirm your attendance at your earliest convenience.（邀请信） 我确实希望你能加入我们。请在您方便的时候尽早回复确认您的出席。 It has been confirmed that some foreign teachers will stage singing， dancing and drama performances then.据证实，一些外籍教师届时将进行歌唱、舞蹈和戏剧表演。 occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 练通 单句语法填空 ①〔外研选必二〕I was watching a superhero film the other day and a thought occurred 　to　 me： where does Superman get changed these days？ ②Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories， sugar， fat and the 　occurrence　 （occur） of common diseases. ③Two people in South Korea survived being swallowed by a sinkhole suddenly 　occurring　 （occur） in their courtyard. 写美 翻译句子 ④（2025·全国一卷）然后我想到了一个主意，在这两个选项中，我强烈推荐 “Fun at my school”。 　Then an idea occurred to me and of the two options， I strongly recommend “Fun at my school”.　 （1）occur to　　　　　被想到，浮现在脑中 sth occurs to sb　　某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...　　某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb to do sth　　某人突然想起做某事 （2）occurrence n.　　[U]发生；存在；[C]发生的事情 佳句 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）It never occurred to/hit/struck me that this outdoor art class would make such a great success. 我从没想过这次户外美术课会取得如此大的成功。 点津 （1）occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时；occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。 （2）表示“某人想起……”的短语还有sth comes to sb， sth comes into one’s mind等。 relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little 　relief　 （relieve）. ②Hearing that he had passed the final exam， he sighed 　in/with　 relief and smiled. ③（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）I choked out，“It is your generous assistance and timely guidance that have relieved me 　of　 the heavy pressure.” 写美 完成句子 ④（2025·全国一卷）As his dog’s uncontained joy washed over him， my brother’s “Not a chance” 　disappeared like sugar in tea.I 　stepped closer for a bear hug　， and he laughed — half-choked， 　half-relieved　. 当他的狗那抑制不住的喜悦感染了他时，我哥哥那句 “没门儿” 像糖溶于茶一样消失得无影无踪。我走上前给了他一个熊抱，他笑了——一半是哽咽，一半是如释重负。 （1）with/in relief　 　　欣慰地，释然地；松了口气 to one’s relief　　让某人宽慰的是 It’s a relief to do sth　　做某事是令人欣慰的 （2）relieve v.　　解除；减轻；缓解（不快或痛苦）；给……换班 relieve sb of ...　　解除/减轻某人的…… （3）relieved adj.　　感到宽慰的 佳句 〔北师大必修一〕Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress. 即使是三十分钟的跑步也能缓解你因压力而产生的任何疼痛或紧张。 Your kindness and willingness to help truly relieved me of a great burden， and I cannot thank you enough. 你的善良和乐于助人真的减轻了我的巨大负担，我非常感谢你。 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 练通 单句语法填空 ①It was considerate of Michael to inform us 　of　 his delay in case we got worried. ②We also need to be critical about the 　information　 （inform） we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. ③It’s necessary for us to keep the new staff 　informed　 （inform） of the procedure of taking office. ④〔外研选必二〕In this way， they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make 　informed　 （inform） choices about how they use the money they have. 写美 完成句子 ⑤The news column of Youth can 　keep me informed of what is happening　 around the world.《青年》的新闻专栏可以让我了解世界上正在发生的事情。 （1）inform sb of/about sth　　 　告知某人某事 inform sb that/where/how ...　　通知某人…… keep sb informed of/about ...　　使某人了解…… （2）information n.　信息 informative adj.　　提供有用信息的；增长见闻的 informed adj.　　有见识的，有依据的 佳句 I am more than delighted to inform you that the activity is scheduled at 8：00 a.m.on 20 January in the lecture hall. （邀请信） 我很高兴地通知你，这次活动定于1月20日上午8点在报告厅举行。 点津 inform后不接双宾语，也不用于inform sth to sb；要表示“告诉某人某事”，通常用inform sb of/about sth；inform的宾语通常只能是人，所以当后接从句时，其前的sb不能省略。 It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. Michael考虑很周全，（及时）通知我们他的延误以防我们担心。 scare vt. & vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓 练通 语段填空 ①Although he was scared 　to　 death， Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the 　scary　 （scare） wolf with all his strength.Fortunately， the wolf was scared 　away/off　. 写美 完成句子 ②The doctor 　scared him out of smoking　 by showing him photos of lung disease patients. 医生给他看肺病患者的照片，吓得他戒了烟。 ③（2025·全国一卷）When he opened the door， his expression was cold， which made me 　scared to look/of looking at his face　. 当他开门时，表情冷冰冰的，吓得我不敢看他的脸。 （1）scare ... away/off　　把……吓跑 scare sb into/out of doing sth　　恐吓某人做/不做某事 （2）scared adj.　　害怕的，恐惧的 be scared to death　　吓得要死 　　害怕做某事 （3）scary adj.　　恐怖的，吓人的 佳句 After watching a scary film in the cinema， she was scared of walking home alone and therefore， she called a taxi. 在电影院看完一部恐怖片后，她害怕一个人走回家，因此她叫了一辆出租车。 supply n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 练通 单句语法填空 ①〔北师大必修一〕The power and water 　supplies　 （supply） were unstable， so he could only shower every three or four days， and he had to learn how to cook. ②The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are 　in　 short supply in this country. ③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply 　of　 fresh greens. 写美 完成句子 ④（2025·全国二卷）Food waste is a growing concern in 　the restaurant， supermarket， and supply chain industries　. 食物浪费正成为餐厅、超市及供应链行业日益关注的问题。 （1）supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 　向某人提供某物 （2）be in short supply　　短缺 a large supply of/large supplies of　　大量……的供应 佳句 In addition， the summer camp supplies members with a chance to visit museums. 此外，夏令营还为成员提供了参观博物馆的机会。 There is no need to worry. We can supply you with whatever you need. ＝There is no need to worry. We can supply whatever you need to you. 没有必要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。 联想 表示“为某人提供某物”的其他短语： ①provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb ②offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb curious adj.好奇的；奇特的 练通 单句语法填空 ①Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it over 　curiously　 （curious）. ②The scientist is motivated primarily by 　curiosity　 （curious） and a desire for truth. 写美 翻译句子 ③好奇发生了什么事情，他小心翼翼地走进了房间。 （动作描写） 　Curious to know what happened， he tiptoed into the room.　 （1）be curious about　　　　对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth　　渴望做某事 （2）curiosity n.　　好奇；好奇心 out of curiosity　　出于好奇 （3）curiously adv.　　好奇地 佳句 （2025·北京卷）Curious looks exchanged， everyone wondered how it could happen in a locked lab. 大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。 run out of 用完，耗尽 练通 选词填空（run out， run out of， use up， give out） ①First， food and drinking water had been 　used up　 before we reached the destination.Then， my husband was driving fast when the car suddenly broke down.It turned out that the gas had 　run out.So we had to walk along the road until our strength 　gave out.We finally reached a small hotel but unfortunately， we found we had 　run out of/used up　 our money. 写美 同义转换 ②I have run out of/used up my money， so I can’t afford to buy this book. →My money 　has run out/has been run out of/has been used up/has given out　， so I can’t afford to buy this book. （1）run out　　　　用尽；用完 give out　　用尽；用完；精疲力竭 use up　　用尽；用完 （2）run into　　撞上；碰见 run across　　偶然遇见 run into　　撞上；偶然遇见 run for　　竞选；匆匆去取 run after　　追逐；追求 佳句 〔人教必修一〕Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide， and fish jumped out of the water. 老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所；鱼儿也跳出水面。 点津 run out为不及物动词短语，其主语是物，不能用于被动语态；run out of为及物动词短语，其主语是人，of之后的宾语为被用完，用光的物品。 hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧；缠紧，缚紧（某物，尤指人体） n.拥抱；搂抱 佳句背诵 ①She sat in the chair， hugging her knees. 她双臂抱膝坐在椅子上。 ②Exhausted， they hugged each other tightly， celebrating their safe return. 他们筋疲力尽，紧紧地拥抱在一起，庆贺他们平安归来。 靓句写作 当小女孩在机场看到分别三个月的爸爸时，她冲过人群，一跃扑进他怀里，含泪紧紧相拥。 When the little girl spotted her father at the airport after three months apart， she 　dashed through the crowd and leaped into his arms for a tight， tearful hug　. （动作描写） 句型公式：be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时…… 教材原句：Alice Brown， head teacher at Falmont Primary School， was teaching when the floor began to shake. 弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，突然地面开始晃动。 写美 完成句子/一句多译 ①The professor 　had just finished his speech when　 students rushed out of the classroom. 教授刚结束了演讲，学生们就冲出了教室。 ②我正要放弃，这时老师的鼓励给了我回答这个问题的勇气。 →I 　was on the point of giving up when　 the teacher’s encouragement gave me the courage to answer the question. →I 　was about to give up when　 the teacher’s encouragement gave me the courage to answer the question. （1）be about to do ... when ...＝be on the point of doing ... when ...正要做……这时…… （2）had just done ... when ... 　　刚做了……这时…… 佳句 Chet was wiping down the counter when the front door banged open. （场景描写） 切特正在擦拭柜台，突然前门被撞开了。 He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. 他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车，突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道坠落到山下300米处。 句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday； not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.它的墙壁新得像昨天刚刚粉刷过，地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 写美 完成句子/句式升级 ①He talks as if 　he had been abroad　. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。 ②（2023·1月浙江卷）It seemed that the bird was waiting for me， its beady eyes locked on mine 　as if trying to convey some deep， unspoken gratitude　. 那只鸟似乎在等我，它亮晶晶的眼睛紧盯着我，仿佛在试图传达某种深沉的、无法言说的感激之情。 ③If you are asked to look after luggage for someone else， please inform the police at once. →　If asked to look after luggage for someone else　， please inform the police at once.（省略句） 句中as if painted yesterday为as if引导的方式状语从句的省略形式，还原后为as if they were painted yesterday，此外，as if还可引导表语从句。as if引导的从句的语气和时态如下： as if 佳句 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）I simply stood there dumbfounded， and my feet， as if rooted to the ground， couldn’t move a bit.我只是呆呆地站在那里，惊愕不已，我的双脚仿佛在地上生了根似的，一动也不能动。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；奇数的；不成对的 ①Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd. 　adj.奇怪的，怪异的　 ②The odd numbers are on the left as you walk up the street. 　adj.奇数的　 ③We found him wearing odd socks that day and thought it was funny. 　adj.不成对的　 ④They headed to California to seek their fortune but ended up doing diverse odd jobs to earn a living. 　 adj.偶尔的　 2.flood n.洪水，水灾；大批，大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满；涌上心头 ①（2025·全国二卷）But the opposite happened： She was flooded， shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 　 vt.淹没　 ②I felt happiness and relief flooded over me after my son came home from the front. 　 vi.涌上心头　 ③〔外研必修二〕We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes， which affect the water supply downstream. 　n.洪水，水灾　 ④After the war broke out， refugees continued to flood into neighbouring countries. 　 vi.大量涌入　 ⑤They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas， which are on loan from China. 　 n.大批，大量　 3.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的；急转的，突然的； 犀利的，深刻的 adv.（……点）整 ①（2023·全国甲卷）The Socrates Express is a fun， sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire， loneliness， and aging. 　adj.犀利的，深刻的　 ②Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. 　adj.灵敏的　 ③〔北师大必修三〕According to him， the sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning. 　adj.急剧的；明显的　 ④However， life took a sharp turn.In his late twenties， he started to lose his hearing. 　adj.急转的，突然的　 ⑤She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning. 　adv.（……点）整　 4.They have invented a new car， which is powered by solar batteries. 　vt.提供动力　 5.It is curious that she left without saying goodbye. 　adj.奇怪的；不寻常的　 6.The government demanded that the relief should be sent to the flood victims as soon as possible. 　n.救济物资　 7.When the great day dawned， the first concern was the weather. 　vi.开始　 单句语法填空 1.（2025·全国一卷）Similar campaigns 　occurred　 （occur） in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. 2.（2025·全国一卷） 　Relief　 （relieve） flooded me as we talked about the times in the childhood， the awkwardness melting away between bites of biscuits. 3.Remember， be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your 　confirmed　 （confirm） interview time. 4.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide， this walk promises to be an 　informative　 （inform） tour. 5.This girl gave a vivid account of the destructive flood in that county as if she 　had experienced　 （experience） it herself. 单句语法填空 1.（2024·1月浙江卷）In her first P.E.class， Eva 　was shocked　 （shock） when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. 2.However， after I went to high school， somehow I became 　distant　 （distance） from him. 3.The way in which the animals were treated was 　shocking　 （shock）， and it sparked outrage among animal rights activists. 4.Some children 　were sliding　 （slide） down the slide on the playground happily when they heard someone crying for help. 5.〔外研选必一〕In this way， practising day in and day out helped Stephen 　sharpen　 （sharp） his skills. 6.This has led companies and individuals to donate money 　to　 developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. 7.〔人教必修三〕In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module 　signalled　 （signal） the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. 　应用文增分练——患难寄情 　　假定你是李华，得知国外某友好学校所在地区突发强烈地震，造成重大人员伤亡，当地师生生活和学习受到严重影响。请你给该校学生写一封慰问信，内容包括： 　　（1）表达对地震灾情的悲痛和对受灾师生的关切； 　　（2）简述地震发生后救援队援助支持； 　　（3）给予对方鼓励，传递重建家园、恢复生活的信心。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.我是李华。得知一场可怕的地震在你们的家乡意外地发生并造成数千人死亡的消息，我感到非常遗憾。（break out；leave＋宾语＋宾补） 　I’m Li Hua.I’m deeply sorry to hear the news that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly broke out in your hometown and left thousands dead.　 2.令我们感到宽慰的是，地震一爆发救援队就赶到你们的家乡伸出援助之手。（the moment引导时间状语从句；relief） 　To our relief， the moment the earthquake broke out， the rescue teams rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand.　 3.他们不顾自己的安危，立即前往营救被困在废墟中的人们，以防他们再次受伤，这值得我们的尊重和钦佩。（rescue； in case引导目的状语从句） 　Regardless of their own safety， they immediately went to rescue people trapped in ruins in case they were re-injured， which deserves our respect and admiration.　 4.虽然你们深受地震的影响，但我坚信一切都会好起来的，灾区很快就会有序复苏。（orderly；宾语从句） 　Though you are deeply affected by the earthquake， I’m fully convinced that everything will be fine， and that the stricken area will recover in an orderly way soon.　 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 Dear friends， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear friends， 　　I’m Li Hua.I’m deeply sorry to hear the news that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly broke out in your hometown and left thousands dead. 　　To our relief， the moment the earthquake broke out， the rescue teams rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand.Regardless of their own safety， they immediately went to rescue people trapped in ruins in case they were re-injured， which deserves our respect and admiration. 　　Though you are deeply affected by the earthquake， I’m fully convinced that everything will be fine， and that the stricken area will recover in an orderly way soon. Yours， Li Hua 　读后续写微技能——惊魂中的“镇定” 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 词汇 积累 情感描写：calm； frightened； relieved； fear； silent； happy； relaxed； certain； unspeakable； fearfully； relief； shock； scare； curious 动作描写：shake； move； open； exit； rush； signal； warn； clear； fly； crash； confirm； inform； occur to； keep one’s head 环境描写：glassy； warm； soft； huge； dark； bright； empty； stormy； fresh 佳句 积累 动作描写：Her students’ reaction was quick and correct — they moved under their desks， head first， and held on to the legs of the desks. 环境描写：There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly. 动作描写：Within one minute and twenty seconds， the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground. 动作描写：People were walking， running or simply sitting on the sandy beach， enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair. 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 动作描写：头部动作 经典 词汇 1.occur v.发生；出现 2.steady adj.稳定的 3.cool-headed adj.头脑冷静的，镇定的 4.collected adj.镇定自若的，从容的 靓点 语块 1.keep calm 保持镇定　　　　　　　　4.drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one’s head 低头 2.nod/shake one’s head 点/摇头　　5.rest one’s head on/against ... 把头靠在……上面 3.scratch one’s head 挠头　　6.put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头 出彩 佳句 1.I walked slowly to the bus， my head down， tears in my eyes. （独立主格结构） 我慢慢地向公共汽车走去，低着头，眼里含着泪水。 2.When he got home， he buried his head under the quilt， pretending to be asleep. 他回到家， 把头埋在被子里， 假装睡着了。 3.Her mother stopped her housework， raising her head with worry in her eyes. （动词-ing形式作状语） 她母亲停下了家务活，抬起头，眼里流露出忧虑。 4.It occurred to me that a typhoon was coming， so I immediately grabbed the child and rushed desperately toward the shore. 我突然想到是台风要来了，于是马上拽着孩子拼命朝岸上跑去。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：“我”是一名教师，当时正在上课，这时突然看见室内几盏灯在不停地抖动，“我”突然意识到地震发生了…… 　　On a cloudy afternoon， I was giving a lesson to the students in the classroom when I suddenly noticed that several lights in the room were flickering.Then 1.　it occurred to me that it was an earthquake　 （我突然想到是地震发生了；occur）.Some students screamed in terror and headed for the exit.Although I was scared to death， I grabbed my loudspeaker， 2.　telling them to bury their heads in their hands　 （告诉他们用手护住头；动词-ing短语作状语） and crouch under the desks.Then under the desk I held a boy in my arms and he 3.　 rested his head against my shoulder　 （把头靠在我的肩膀上）， tears in his eyes.Soon the earthquake stopped and the rescuers came to our rescue and 4.　 shelter us from further injuries　 （保护我们免受进一步的伤害）.Thank goodness！ 5.　 The threatening earthquake didn’t claim any death　 （这场威胁性的地震没有造成任何人员伤亡；无生命名词作主语） and all of us sighed in relief. 　　（2024·1月浙江卷，阅读C篇）On September 7， 1991， the costliest hailstorm （雹暴） in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs.As a result， since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture （水分） is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 　　Norman Stienwand， who farms in that area， has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically， the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says， “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” 　　The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss， a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo， North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air， so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact， we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” 　　One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell， a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999， I personally saw significant tornadoes （龙卷风） form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind？ No one really knows， of course， but the seeding goes on.” 　　Given the degree of doubt， Mr.Stienwand suggests， “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In　practice， doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts， no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence， private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 做真题——感悟命题角度 28.What does the project aim to do？ A.Conserve moisture in the soil. B.Prevent the formation of hailstones. C.Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D.Investigate chemical use in farming. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞机通过向有威胁性的风暴云播撒一种化学物质，使得小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前先变成雨落下，即这一计划旨在防止冰雹的形成。 29.Who are opposed to the project？ A.Farmers in east-central Alberta. B.Managers of insurance companies. C.Provincial government officials. D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Alberta中东部的农民担心播云会带走他们干旱土地中的宝贵水分，即艾伯塔省中东部的农民是反对这一计划的。 30.Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999？ A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D.To show the link between storms and moisture. 解析：C　目的意图题。根据第四段第一句中的One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell可知，Doswell博士对播云的安全性持怀疑态度。接着他提到1999年目睹的由一个已经被播撒了化学物质的风暴单体形成的巨大龙卷风。随后他又提出疑问：怀疑播云会产生致命的风暴或减少下风处的水分。由此推断，Doswell博士提到1999年的龙卷风是为了表明播云可能存在的风险。 31.What can we infer from the last paragraph？ A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章末句可知，私营的气候工程公司可以在相对合法的安全环境中继续进行下去，也就是这些公司会继续存在下去。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.suburb n. 　　　郊区；城外 2.suppression n.　　镇压，压制 3.address n.　　演讲；住址；称呼；通信处 vt. 　　演讲；致函；设法解决 4.urban adj.　　城市的；城镇的；都市的 5.drought n.　　干旱；旱灾；久旱 6.manage vt.　　管理；经营；设法做到 7.affect vt.　　影响；使感染；侵袭 8.significant adj.　　重要的，有重大意义的；显著的 9.lawsuit n.　　诉讼，诉讼案（课标外词汇） （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.dangerous adj.危险的；不安全的 [danger （n.）＋后缀-ous ] 2.downwind adv. & adj.在下风处；顺风方向 [down （adv.）＋wind （n.）] 3.provincial adj.省的；一级行政区的 [province （n.）＋后缀-ial] 4.percentage n.百分比；百分率；提成 [percent （n.）＋后缀-age] 5.safety n.安全 [safe （adj.）＋后缀-ty] （三）由文本知变式运用 1.熟词生义（文中生义） （1）threatening [熟义] adj.具有威胁的；恐吓的 →[生义] adj.　乌云密布的，阴沉沉的　（第一段第三句） （2）farm [熟义] n.农场；养殖场；农舍；饲养场 →[生义] v.　务农；种田；从事畜牧业　 （第二段第一句） 2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换） （1）problem＝　issue　 （第二段） （2）ran＝　managed　 （第三段） （3）considering＝　given　 （第五段） （四）由文本探析长难句 Given the degree of doubt， Mr.Stienwand suggests， “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” 分析：句中Given引导一个原因状语，句子谓语是　suggests　。句子通过it would be wise to ...的　虚拟　语气，表达了一种理智和谨慎的态度，使得建议更加有说服力。整个句子结构紧凑，逻辑清晰。 译文：　鉴于这种程度的疑虑，Stienwand先生建议：“停止人工降雨将是明智之举。”　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·湖南师大附中一模）Vivien He is a senior at a high school in Rolling Hills Estates.Growing up in Southern California， where earthquakes often happen， this 18-year-old girl has spent lots of time hiding under her school desk during earthquake drills.These ground tremors （small earthquakes） are the world’s deadliest natural disasters.And they’re often unpredictable. 　　Earthquake early warning systems do exist.One is the ShakeAlert system on the U.S.West Coast.Earthquake monitoring stations in the ShakeAlert network detect ground shaking when a quake strikes.Those stations then alert people that the ground under them may soon start to shake.But it’s hard to predict how much the ground will shake at any given place.And people closest to an earthquake’s source are out of luck.They’ll feel the shaking before they can get an alert. 　　Therefore， Vivien built an at-home earthquake sensor.Called the Qube， this device uses a motion sensor called a geophone to feel tremors that may mark the beginning of a bigger quake.Then， it can warn users by sounding the alarm or sending text alerts.To build it， Vivien bought a machine and watched YouTube videos to learn how to use it.Then she went to work in a spare bathroom. 　　During nine months of testing， Vivien’s Qube detected all earthquakes over magnitude 3 around Los Angeles.The motion data captured by her Qube also matched those from a nearby seismometer （地震仪） in the Southern California Seismic Network. 　　Vivien is now building up a network of Qubes around Los Angeles.“I have eight devices in different homes，” she says.A widespread Qube network could serve as a role similar to that of ShakeAlert seismic stations.When one Qube starts to shake， it could alert users across town to an oncoming quake.But unlike earthquake monitoring stations， Qubes are tiny and inexpensive.About the size of a Rubik’s cube， one Qube costs less than $100 to make.So， many more of them could be installed around a city. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国的一名高中生Vivien He发明的一种名为Qube的地震传感器设备，它可以感应到一些可能引起更大地震的小地震。 1.What can we learn about Vivien He when she was little？（　　） A.She used to like playing hide and seek in school. B.She was often at risk of experiencing an earthquake. C.She once got injured severely in an earthquake drill. D.She showed no interest in studying natural disasters. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Vivien He小时候经常处于经历地震的风险中。 2.Why does the author mention the ShakeAlert system？（　　） A.To prove the necessity of early earthquake monitoring stations. B.To compare ShakeAlert with Vivien’s Qube in terms of accuracy. C.To highlight the technological advancements in earthquake detection. D.To show the drawback of existing earthquake early warning systems. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者提到ShakeAlert系统是为了展示现有地震预警系统的缺点。 3.What’s the main function of Vivien He’s device？（　　） A.Monitoring tremors and sending alarms. B.Collecting data about minor earthquakes. C.Predicting the center of an earthquake. D.Assessing the sizes of earthquakes. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Vivien He的设备的主要功能是监测震动并发送警报。 4.What’s implied about the network of Qubes？（　　） A.It’s very challenging to build it. B.It has limitations in large cities. C.It can be easily applied at a low cost. D.It just requires eight devices in each place. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Qubes网络可以低成本地轻松应用。 B 　　（2026·安徽宿州期末）Scientists are recruiting （招募） some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes， volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena.They are enrolling thousands of dogs， goats， and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space. 　　The programme uses tiny transmitters （发射器） that are being fitted to creatures.The detailed movements of these creatures will then be monitored from a special satellite to be launched next year.“Ultimately， we hope to launch a fleet of around six satellites and establish a global observation network that will not only provide details of wildlife movements during migration （迁徙） and animal health across the planet but reveal how creatures respond to natural phenomena like earthquakes，” said the project leader， Martin Wikelski， of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour in Germany. 　　The value of studying tagged （做标记的） animals in this latter area has already been demonstrated in early experiments in Sicily， said Wikelski last week.“We have found the behaviour of goats is pretty good at predicting large volcanic eruptions.” Sensors have shown the animals become nervous before an eruption and refuse to move to where they would normally be happy to visit.“They know beforehand what is coming.We don’t know how they do it， but they do，” said Wikelski. 　　Because of a revolution in tagging technology， tiny digital transmitters — using small batteries — and cheap and plentiful GPS devices have made it possible to make tags that are only a few grams in weight.“We are now able to track most things.Understanding how creatures react to geological changes is only one area of interest in that revolution，” added Wikelski.“For instance， we can survey wildlife health from space.” By monitoring tagged animals， scientists can timely detect an outbreak of an infectious disease in the wild， which could be important for controlling the disease’s impact on farms.The technology should also help scientists to understand the processes that drive animal migrations.“Similarly， we will be able to study animal populations to determine how they are responding to habitat changes caused by global warming，” said Wikelski. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家正在招募一些不同寻常的动物来预测自然灾害。 5.Why are various animals recruited in the study？（　　） A.To identify animal species. B.To test digital transmitters. C.To protect animal habitats. D.To predict natural disasters. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在研究中招募各种动物是为了预测自然灾害。 6.What does the underlined phrase “this latter area” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.Animal health. B.Wildlife migrations. C.A global observation network. D.Animal reactions to natural phenomena. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，“后者这一领域”指的是上文提到的动物对自然现象的反应。 7.What application of the technology is mentioned in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Fueling research into global warming. B.Preventing a disease outbreak in the wild. C.Protecting farms from infections caused by wildlife. D.Reducing the effect of animal migration on humans. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的By monitoring tagged animals ...the disease’s impact on farms.可知，最后一段提到了该技术在保护农场免受野生动植物引起的感染方面的应用。 8.What is the text mainly about？（　　） A.The sign of natural disasters. B.The use of tagging technology. C.The impact of habitat changes. D.The mystery of animal migration. 解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段内容和最后一段中的Because of a revolution ... added Wikelski.可知，文章主要介绍了科学家利用标记技术，通过卫星来监测动物们的运动。这对于预测自然灾害有重要意义。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding， winds and a record high storm. 　　Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to 　9　 because she is missing a leg.Her son Johnny tried 　10　 to get her to leave， but she refused again and again — she 　11　 the intensity of the storm. 　　Johnny lives four blocks away.When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist， he knew he had to take 　12　. 　　First， Johnny 　13　 his kids were taken care of.He gave them food and opened the attic （阁楼） so that they could 　14　 through the roof if water continued to rise.Then， he jumped out of a window and began to 　15　. 　　Johnny was racing against the clock.He knew he only had a（n） 　16　 period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen’s 　17　.It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.The sound of Karen yelling was 　18　 to his ears！ She was still alive！ 　　Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 　19　 although they’ve lost everything they owned.But they’re 　20　 just to be here. 　　“I didn’t lose 　21　.Life is like a computer， there’re two 　22　：a reset and a power — and we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power， that got 　23　，” he said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。猛烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街区去救坐轮椅的母亲。虽然灾难使他们失去了财产，但幸运的是，一家人都平安脱险。 9.A.get around B.help out C.sit up D.work out 解析：A　根据空后的because she is missing a leg可知，Karen缺少一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅四处走动。 10.A.simply B.repeatedly C.obviously D.particularly 解析：B　根据后半句中的but she refused again and again可知，她儿子试图让她离开家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒绝儿子的要求。 11.A.calculated B.identified C.experienced D.underestimated 解析：D　根据第一段和第三段可推知，暴风雨强度很大，她低估了暴风雨的强度。 12.A.care B.place C.action D.charge 解析：C　根据本句语境可知，在听到母亲说家里的水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny意识到自己必须采取行动去救自己的母亲。 13.A.proved B.ensured C.noticed D.admitted 解析：B　根据下句中的He gave them food和上文提到的他要去帮助母亲可推知，他给了孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好。 14.A.expand B.assist C.escape D.dominate 解析：C　根据空后的if water continued to rise可知，如果水位继续上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去。 15.A.run B.ride C.drive D.swim 解析：D　根据下段中的It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.和上文介绍暴风雨很大可知，Johnny是游到母亲家的。 16.A.short B.efficient C.ideal D.indefinite 解析：A　根据空后的before the water rose above Karen’s并结合上文语境可知，水很快就会淹没Karen，所以说他只有很短的时间游到母亲家里。 17.A.waist B.ankles C.head D.knees 解析：C　根据第三段第二句可知，家里的水已经到了Karen的腰，如果不采取措施，水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没。 18.A.harm B.music C.advice D.news 解析：B　根据下句She was still alive！可知，听到母亲的声音，他很高兴，知道母亲还活着，此处指将母亲的声音比作音乐，突出他很高兴。 19.A.responsible B.remarkable C.innocent D.safe 解析：D　根据下句中的just to be here可知，家里的每个人都安全了。 20.A.grateful B.sure C.concerned D.surprised 解析：A　根据上句和下段中的we are blessed可知，他们都在暴风雨中幸存下来，所以是感激的。 21.A.memory B.hope C.sight D.weight 解析：B　根据下句中的we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power可知，Johnny认为他们只是需要重新开启生活，这说明他没有失去希望。 22.A.screens B.keyboards C.buttons D.monitors 解析：C　根据空前的Life is like a computer和空后的a reset button，not the power可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是重置按钮，一个是电源按钮。 23.A.prepared B.separated C.injured D.hit 解析：D　根据空前的we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power，that got可知，Johnny和家人们都很庆幸，这场暴风雨只是击中了生活的重置按钮，而不是电源按钮。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　Lightning is very common but one of the most powerful weather forces to hit the Earth. 　　24.　　　　　　 （actual）， every second about 100 lightning strikes hit 25.　　　　　　 surface of the Earth.In some parts of the world， for example in India， summer lightning storms are very common. 　　With the rainy season 26.　　　　　　 （begin） there， storms often cover most of the country’s northern area.A newspaper once 27.　　　　　　 （report） lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India. 　　If you are outside， 28.　　　　　　 （expert） say you should take cover， 29.　　　　　　 means finding a safe shelter for protection.During a lightning storm， no place outside is safe.If you hear thunder， lightning is close enough to hit you.Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree. 　　If you are indoors during a lightning storm， you could still be 30.　　　　　　 danger.Stay off wired phones， computers and other 31.　　　　　　 （equip） that can put you in direct contact with electricity.Avoid any area with running water and stay away from windows and doors.Specialists at the United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save 32.　　　　　　 （they） lives.It is safe 33.　　　　　　 （touch） a lightning strike victim.People struck by lightning do not carry charge. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。闪电是袭击地球最强大的力量之一，文章介绍了正确应对雷暴天气的一些办法。 24.Actually　考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词；位于句首，首字母大写。 25.the　考查冠词。此处特指“地球的表面”，应用定冠词the。 26.beginning　考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，begin与宾语the rainy season是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。 27.reported　考查时态。设空处在主句中作谓语，结合时间状语once可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。 28.experts　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处为主句的主语，expert为可数名词，根据下文中主句的谓语动词say为原形可知，应为复数形式。 29.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文中的you should take cover，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 30.in　考查介词。固定搭配in danger意为“处于危险中”。 31.equipment　考查名词。此处作介词off的宾语，应用名词，equipment是不可数名词。 32.their　考查代词。空处修饰名词lives，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。 33.to touch　考查非谓语动词。此处为“It be＋adj.＋动词不定式短语”结构，句中的It为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $