衔接点05 介词（讲义，上海专用）英语小升初衔接

衔接点05 介词（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1. 仅基础区分 in/on/at 年、月、日期、时刻； 2. 地点只区分大地方 in，小地点 at； 3. 简单方位 in/on/under/behind； 4. by + 交通工具基础搭配； 5. 少量固定搭配 look at /listen to； 6. 无近义词精细辨析。 1. in/on/at 全部特殊场景：带修饰词早中晚、节日、具体某天时段； 2. 方位介词成对精细辨析； 3. 动态方位介to/into/out of/through/past； 4. 三大表“用”介词 with /by/in 严格区分； 5. 时间拓展介词 for/since/during/from…to…； 6. 动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词全套必背短语； 7. 同一动词搭配不同介词词义完全不同； 8. 易混介词 to /for/of /with 语境辨析； 衔接引导 小学阶段： 只背固定模板，无例外、无辨析； 初中阶段： 初中介词是语法最难模块之一，几大失分核心： 1.大量特例打破基础规则（on a rainy morning 不用 in）； 2.近义词差别微小，只能靠语境判断； 3.语法硬性规则极易忽略：介词后不能用主格、不能加动词原形； 4.短语数量庞大，同一个动词搭配不同介词意思完全改变。 小学考点梳理 介词分为 4 大类：时间介词、地点介词、静态方位介词、方式介词 考点一 时间基础用法 （1）at 用法（精准小点时间）​ ① 具体时刻、几点几分​ at 7:00 在七点、at 9:30 在九点半​ ② 固定短时段​ at noon 在中午、at night 在晚上、at midnight 在午夜​ ③ 节日整体时段、周末​ at weekends 在周末、at Spring Festival 在春节期间​ （2）on 用法（精准具体某一天）​ ① 具体星期几​ on Monday 在周一、on Sunday 在周日​ ② 具体几月几日​ on June 1st 在六月一日、on September 10th 在九月十日​ ③ 专属节日当天（Day结尾节日）​ on Children’s Day 在儿童节、on Teachers’ Day 在教师节​ （3）in 用法（宽泛大范围时间）​ ① 年份、月份、季节​ in 2025 在2025年、in May 在五月、in winter 在冬天​ ② 无修饰的早中晚（通用基础搭配）​ in the morning 在早上、in the afternoon 在下午、in the evening 在晚上​ 考点二 地点基础用法 核心口诀：大范围用in，小点位用at （1）in + 大范围地点（区域、城市、国家、空间内部） ① 国家、城市、省份 in China 在中国、in Shanghai 在上海、in Zhejiang 在浙江 ② 大型封闭空间、区域 in the classroom 在教室里面、in the park 在公园里、in the box 在盒子里、in the room 在房间里 （2）at + 小地点、精准点位（具体场所、门口、站点） ① 小型固定场所 at home 在家、at school 在学校、at the zoo 在动物园、at the shop 在商店 ② 精准点位、出入口、站点 at the gate 在门口、at the bus stop 在公交站、at the station 在车站 五年级地点介词易错点 ✅ in Beijing（城市大地点） ✅ at the school gate（精准小点位） ❌ at Beijing（错误） ❌ in the gate（错误） 考点三 ×××× 考点三 静态方位介词 （1）in 在……里面（物体内部空间） The ball is in the box. 球在盒子里面。 （2）on 在……上面（物体表面，有接触） The book is on the desk. 书在书桌上面。 易错提醒：on 必须是表面接触，悬空不用on （3）under 在……正下方（垂直下方） The cat is under the chair. 猫在椅子下面。 （4）behind 在……后面（物体后方） The tree is behind the house. 树在房子后面。 （5）beside 在……旁边（紧贴着，距离极近） I sit beside my deskmate. 我坐在同桌旁边。 （6）next to 紧挨着（比beside更近，无缝贴合） The bank is next to the hospital. 银行紧挨着医院。 （7）between 在……两者之间 The ball is between the two boxes. 球在两个盒子中间。 必考搭配：between A and B 在A和B之间 （8）in front of 在……前面（物体外部前方） There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。 考点四 方式介词+出行介词 （1）by + 交通工具（零冠词·五年级绝对考点）核心规则：by后面直接加交通工具单数，不加a/an/the、不加s，固定零冠词搭配 by bus 乘公交、by bike 骑自行车、by car 乘小汽车、by plane 乘飞机、by train 乘火车、by ship 乘船 正反例句 ✅ I go to school by bike. 我骑车上学。 ❌ I go to school by a bike.（错误，多加冠词） （2）on foot 步行 ✅ I walk to school = I go to school on foot. 典例示范 1．Alice and Kitty are _____ the same school. They are _____ the same class. They are good friends. A．at; at B．at; in C．in; in 2．Linda and I are desk mates. Linda sits _____ me. A．behind B．in front of C．beside 3．He lives _____ Green Street. A．to B．at C．on 4．Peter and Joe get off the bus _____ Park Street Station. A．with B．to C．at 5．The twins often go ______ Grandma Wang’s home. A．to B．/ C．for 即学即练习 1．This year, the Double Ninth Festival is ______October. A．in B．on C．at 2．It begins at two o'clock _____ the afternoon.  A．on B．in C．at 3．They will come to our school ________ two o’clock. A．in B．at C．on 4．The Mid-Autumn Festival is ____ August. A．on B．in C．at 5．The double Ninth Festival is ____ October ____November. A．on; or B．in; or C．in; and 易混易错 1. 分不清星期+早中晚的用法，误用in，必须用on； 2. by交通工具乱加冠词（by the bus 错误）； 3. on foot 记错成by foot； 4. 大小地点介词混淆，大地点用at、小地点用in； 5. 树上介词混淆：外来用in，原生用on； 6. 固定短语介词记错：look in / listen at 等错误搭配。 解题方略 1. 时间：点at、天on、年月季节in； 2. 地点：大in小at、内部in表面on； 3. 交通：by无冠、步行on foot； 4. 固定短语死记牢，搭配不变不混淆 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．My brother always goes to bed _______ nine o’clock ______ the evening. A．at; in B．on; at C．at; on 2．—Is your birthday ______ the 3rd of November? —No, it is ______ December. A．on; on B．in; in C．on; in 3．Mary’s birthday is ______ the second ______ May. A．at; of B．on; in C．on; of 4．Tom goes to the park ______ half past one ______ Sunday afternoon. A．at; on B．to; in C．at; in 5．Thanksgiving is ______ the fourth Thursday in November in the US. A．in B．at C．on 6．Litttle Tadpole is ______ at two o’clock. A．on B．in C．at 7．We want to watch a football match ______ Tuesday evening. A．in B．on C．at 8．I arrive _____ school at eight o’clock. A．to B．in C．at 9．In China, Children’s Day is ________ 1st June. A．in B．on C．of 10．My birthday’s _________ the first of May. Her birthday’s _________ June. A．on; on B．on; in C．in; in 二、阅读选择 观察电影票，选择正确的答案。 11．—What time does the movie START?   —________.‌ A．2:00 PM B．2:30 PM C．4:15 PM 12．—How much should a student PAY with ID? —________.‌ A．12 B．9 C．10 13．—Where is the seat located? —________.‌ A．Seat 5, Row 12 B．5th seat, 12th row C．Row 5, Seat 12 14．—If two adults and one student buy tickets, how much in TOTAL? —________. A．30 B．31 C．33 15．—What type of movie is The Magic Key?   —________. A．Action B．Comedy C．Animated Read and choose. (根据图示内容，选择最佳答案。) This is Lily’s home. It’s small but tidy. Lily will have a little sister this year. 16．How many rooms are there? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. 17．Lily’s parents’ bedroom faces south. Which bedroom is Lily’s? A．Bedroom 1. B．Bedroom 2. C．I don’t know. 18．The bathroom faces ______. A．north B．south C．west 19．Lily and her father both like reading. What room do they want to have? A．A big study. B．A small kitchen. C．A big dining room. 20．They want to have a new home. Why? A．Because they want to live near school. B．Because the little sister needs a new bathroom. C．Because their home is small. 【培优提升】 一、单项选择 1．My sister’s birthday’s _______ the fourth _______ February. A．on; in B．in; of C．on; of 2．The pupils have a lunch break ________ half an hour. A．for B．in C．at 3．Last Monday our teacher took us ________ a museum. A．to B．from C．for 4．We can see the beautiful moon ________ a fine Mid-autumn Festival night. A．at B．in C．on 5．The girl usually plays the violin _________ Sunday morning. A．in B．on C．at 6．Can we listen to the music ______ Daguang ming Cinema? A．at B．in C．on 7．Jim and Tommy are waiting ____________ the bus stop. They are waiting ____________ the bus. A．at; for B．for; at C．in; on 8．The Lis will go to Sanya ________ plane.   A．on B．by C．by the 9．We get there ________ train. A．with B．by C．in D．from 10．My father goes to work ________ car. A．in B．at C．by 二、阅读选择 Read and choose. (根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。) Mary is a 12-year-old girl. She is ill, and she has a high fever. Her mother takes her to see the doctor. The doctor looks over and says:“ Don’t worry.” Then he gives her some medicine. Here are the instructions. Instruction Take three times a day after meals. Dose (剂量) for grown-ups: 3 spoons each time. Children: 9-13 years, 2 spoons; 5-8 years, 1 spoon; Not for children below the age of 5. Notes: 1. Keep it in a cold place. 2. Use before Feb. 2025. 11．What’s wrong with Mary? A．She has a cold. B．She has a fever. C．She has an instruction. 12．How many times a day does Mary take the medicine? A．Once a day. B．Twice a day. C．Three times a day. 13．When should Mary take the medicine? A．Before bed. B．Before meals. C．After meals. 14．How many spoons of the medicine should Mary take? A．1 spoon. B．2 spoons. C．3 spoons. 15．Where does Mary keep the medicine? A．In a cold place. B．In a warm place. C．Keep it everywhere. Choose the best answer. 根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案。 Autumn is coming. Students in Rose Garden School are planning to spend a day out. Here is a booklet about Chatsworth Farmyard. Chatsworth Farmyard Daily talk Hear one of your friendly experts (专家) talk about how we care for the animals at 1:30 p.m. every day. Milking Time See our cows being milked every day at 3:30 p.m. from mid-April until the end of October. Animal handling (动物驯养) House Join us in the Oak barn from March to September to handle all kinds of lovely farm animals. There is no better way to get up close with our chicks, lambs and goat kids (in season). Eat at the farmyard It’s feeding time whenever you want at the farmyard, with lunch and snacks from the farmyard cafe. Go across the bridge from the top yard and you will find it. You can also eat at the shepherd’s hut in the playground. Guinea pig village (豚鼠村) Take some time out to get up close with a few of our smaller furry friends. Farmyard shop Visit the gift shop and find out farmyard themed gift ideas as well as pocket money treats. Tractor trailer discovery tours (探索之旅) Jump on board our tractor trailer (拖拉机) ride during weekends and school holidays and enjoy a tour around Chatsworth Park. $2.50 for each. *price may change during special events (活动) 16．______ can’t be found in the Chatsworth farmyard. A．guinea pigs B．chicks C．rabbits D．cows 17．If students want to get close to small furry animals, they should visit ______. A．Guinea pig village B．The Shepherd’s hut C．Farmyard shop D．Picnic area 18．Students in Sunny Town School plans to see how cows are being milked. It’s better for them to visit the farmyard on ______. A．March 15 B．September 26 C．April 6 D．November 2 19．If Tim with another three students would like to take a tractor trailer ride, they should pay ______. A．$ 2.5 B．$ 5 C．$ 10 D．$ 12.5 20．What does “jump on board” mean in the last paragraph? A．get off B．take part in C．get along with D．take care of 三、填空题 in    on   at   of   about 21．What can you hear __________ home or __________ the street? 22．It’s too noisy here. I want to live __________ Mars. 23．The king wants to hear the loudest noise __________ the world. So people must shout together __________ twelve o’clock __________ his birthday. 24．People hear __________ the idea. They open mouths and listen. They hear the songs __________ the birds and the river. 25．__________ the Noise Kingdom, people like noises. 初中考点梳理 考点一 时间介词 1. at 的全部用法 ① 具体时刻：at 6:30、at noon、at night、at midnight ② 简短节日（泛指节日期间）：at Christmas、at Spring Festival ③ 固定短语：at weekends 在周末 2. on 核心难点 基础：on + 星期、几月几号、节日当天 on Monday、on June 23rd、on New Year’s Day 重点特例 1：形容词 / 星期修饰早中晚，统一用 on，不用 in on a cold winter morning 一个寒冷冬日早晨 on Sunday evening 周日晚上 on a rainy afternoon 一个下雨的下午 重点特例 2：有后置定语 of 限定某天时段，用 on on the morning of Children’s Day 儿童节当天早上 重点特例 3：具体某天早 / 中 / 晚，全部 on 3. in 的细分场景 ① 年、月、季节：in 2026、in May、in summer ② 无任何修饰词的早中晚：in the morning /in the afternoon /in the evening ③ 世纪、年代：in the 2020s 在 21 世纪 20 年代 ④ 固定时间段短语：in the past 在过去；in the future 在将来；in a week 一周后（将来时） 4. 拓展时间介词（初中新增） 1）for + 一段时间：强调动作持续多久 I read books for two hours every day. 2）since + 时间点：自从……（多用于完成时） I have lived here since 2020. 3）during + 时间段：在…… 期间 We went hiking during the summer holiday. 4）from…to… 从…… 到…… We have classes from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. 考点二 方位介词 静态 + 动态 （一）上下类 over /above/under /below 1.over ① 垂直正上方；② 有覆盖、越过含义 A lamp is over the desk.（灯垂直在桌子上方） The plane flies over the mountain.（飞越山脉） 2.above 泛指上方，不垂直，无覆盖 There are many birds above the building. 3.under 垂直正下方 The cat is under the sofa. 4.below 泛指下方，不垂直，常用于温度、海拔 The temperature is below zero. （二）两者 / 三者之间 between & among 1.between：两者中间，常搭配 and sit between Lily and Tom 2.among：三者及以上人 / 物中间 He stands among all the students. （三）旁边类 beside /near/next to 1.next to：紧挨着，距离最近 2.beside：在旁边，紧贴，比 near 近 3.near：在附近，距离可近可远 （四）内部前后 in front of /in the front of（搭配冠词考点） 1.in front of：物体外部前面 A tree stands in front of the classroom.（树在教室外面） 2.in the front of：物体内部靠前位置 The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.（教室内部前排） （五）动态移动介词（初中新增，表动作过程） 1.to：朝向某地（去往，终点） go to school 2.into：进入…… 内部（动态进入） walk into the classroom 3.out of：从…… 内部走出来 look out of the window 4.past：从旁边经过 walk past the shop 5.through：从内部穿过（森林、窗户、隧道） walk through the forest 6.across：从表面横穿（马路、河流） walk across the road （六）地点介词 in /at 补充细化 1.in + 大范围：国家、城市、街区、大商场 2.at + 小点位：车站、门口、公交站、诊所、家、校门口 3.特殊：home /here/there 地点副词，前面绝对不加 to go home（√） go to home（×） get there（√） get to there（×） （七）方位介词 1. in — 在范围内部（包含关系） 规则：A 地完全在 B 地里面，属于从属关系，用 in。 结构：小地点 + be + in + 大区域 例句： Nanjing is in Jiangsu. 南京在江苏省内。 Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国东部。 Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国北部。 2. on — 在范围边上、接壤相邻（有边界相连，互不包含） 规则：两地紧紧挨着，有共同边界，不属于包含关系，用 on。 例句： Jiangsu is on Anhui. 江苏和安徽接壤。 Canada is on the north of the USA. 加拿大在美国北边（陆地相连）。 3. to — 在范围外部、不接壤（中间隔江河、大海、土地，无边界相连） 规则：两地分开，中间有距离、水域隔开，互不接触，用 to。 例句： Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东边（隔海，不接壤）。 Shanghai is to the south of Shandong. 上海在山东南边，不相邻。 万能区分口诀 包含内部用 in，陆地接壤就用 on，隔海相望要用 to。 考点三 方式介词 with /by/in 表 “使用” 1.with + 有形工具、身体部位（用…… 工具） write with a pen 用钢笔写字 cut with a knife 用刀切 see with eyes 用眼睛看 2.by + 方式、手段、交通（抽象途径，无工具） by bus 坐公交；by reading 通过阅读；by email 通过邮件 3.in + 语言、材料、墨水 talk in English 用英语交谈 write in red ink 用红墨水书写 例句对比： I draw pictures with pencils.（工具 with） I learn English by watching videos.（途径 by） We speak in Chinese at home.（语言 in） 考点四 易混介词 to /for/of /with 1. to ① 朝向、到（地点） go to park ② 动作指向对象 give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 ③ 固定搭配：listen to、point to 2. for ① 为了、给（目的） buy gifts for mum ② 持续时长 wait for two hours ③ 固定搭配 wait for、be late for、thank sb. for 3. of 表所属关系 …… 的 the door of the room 房间的门 a photo of my sister 我妹妹的照片 4. with ① 和…… 一起 play with friends ② 带有、拥有 a girl with long hair 长头发女孩 ③ 用工具（前文已讲） 考点五 介词两大不可打破语法铁律 规则 1：介词后面接人称代词，只能用宾格 me/him/her/us/them ❌ play with I ✅ play with me ❌ go shopping with she ✅ go shopping with her 例句：My brother plays basketball with him every weekend. 规则 2：介词后面出现动词，动词必须变为 doing 动名词 公式：介词 + doing 1.be good at swimming（at 介词，swim→swimming） 2.Thank you for helping me（for 介词） 3.have fun in playing games 超级难点：look forward to doing（初中拉分点） 这里 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后面不能加动词原形 ❌ I look forward to see you. ✅ I look forward to seeing you. 同类特殊 to 介词短语： pay attention to doing 注意做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 考点六 动词 + 介词 / 形容词 + 介词 一、动词 + 介词 look at 看 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 listen to 听 wait for 等待 think of 想到 think about 思考 take care of 照顾 ask for 请求、索要 depend on 依靠 arrive in + 大地点 /arrive at + 小地点 到达 二、形容词 + 介词 be good at 擅长…… be afraid of 害怕…… be late for …… 迟到 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 be proud of 为…… 骄傲 be ready for 为…… 做好准备 be busy with 忙于某事 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 考点七 动词搭配不同介词 1. look 词组 look at 看着（强调动作） look for 寻找（找东西） look after 照顾（人 / 宠物） look over 检查（医生检查身体） 2. think 词组 think of 想到、认为 think about 仔细思考某事 think over 反复深思 3. get 词组 get to 到达 get on 上车 get off 下车 get up 起床 4. arrive 词组 arrive in + 城市 / 国家 arrive at + 车站、学校、机场 5. go 词组 go to school 去上学 / go to the park 去公园​ go for a walk 去散步 / go for a picnic 去野餐​ go on 继续；持续​ go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事​ go out of 从……出去​ go out of the room 走出房间​ 6. turn 词组 turn on 打开（电器、水龙头）​ turn off 关闭（电器、水龙头）​ turn up 调大（音量）；出现​ turn down 调小（音量）；拒绝​ turn down the radio 把收音机调小​ 典例示范 1．—Where is the playground? —It’s _________ the west of the school, ________ the south of our classroom. A．to; to B．on; in C．to; in D．in; to 2．Joan is going to come back ________ the evening of July 8. A．at B．on C．in D．to 3．We will celebrate Chinese New Year’s Eve ______ Friday, February 9 this year. A．on B．at C．in D．to 4．I usually go swimming at 8:50 a.m. ________ Saturdays. A．on B．in C．at D．during 即学即练习 1．The students go to the calligraphy club after school ________ Wednesday. A．on B．in C．at D．/ 2．What are they going to wear ________ January 22nd? A．in B．on C．at D．for 3．________ noon, students go outside and play. A．In B．On C．At D．Of 4．—What does your mother look like? —She is of medium height _________ curly hair. A．has B．have C．in D．with 5．—When is the Spring Festival? —It’s usually _________ January or February. A．in B．on C．at D．of 6．My grandma will leave for New York ________ 11:00 a.m. tomorrow. A．at B．in C．on D．for 易混易错 时间：带修饰早中晚不用 in，要用 on；节日期间 at，节日当天 on 方位：across/through 混用；over/above 不分垂直；between/among 混用；go to home 多 to 交通：by 后不加冠词；步行固定 on foot，不用 by foot 语法大坑：介词后主格、动词原形；look forward to 加原形 短语易混：arrive in/at 颠倒；树上 in 外来物、on 原生果实；turn 开 / 关 / 调大调小混淆 冠词成对短语：有无 the 含义不同（in hospital/in the hospital 等） 解题方略 1. 时间介词速判 at：时刻、noon/night、周末、节日期间 on：星期、日期、节日当天、带修饰的早中晚 in：年 / 月 / 季节、普通早中晚、年代 for + 时长；since + 时间点 2. 方位 / 地点速判 大小地点：大 in 小 at；home/here/there 不加 to 上下：垂直 over/under；泛指 above/below 数量之间：两者 between；三者及以上 among 内外前：in front of（外）；in the front of（内） 动态：across 横穿平面；through 穿内部；into 进入 地理方位：包含 in，接壤 on，隔海不接壤 to 3. “用” 区分 with + 工具；by + 交通 / 方式；in + 语言、墨水 4. 两大硬性规则 ① 介词后人称用宾格 ② 介词后动词变 doing；look forward to 中 to 是介词，后接 doing 5. 固定搭配判断 arrive in 大地点 /at 小地点；look/go/turn/think 短语结合句意区分词义；形容词固定搭配单独记忆。 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．________ the morning of 25 October, we went to see a film. A．In B．On C．At D．From 2．She lives ________ Shanghai. A．on B．in C．at 3．John received a reply to the online post ________ January 1. A．in B．at C．on D．about 4．Close your books, children. It’s time ________ a break. A．to B．of C．for D．with 5．Hurry up! The film will begin _________ 3:30 p. m. We only have 20 minutes left. A．in B．on C．at D．for 6．My mother gave me a big surprise ________ my birthday. A．to B．in C．at D．on 7．Peter was born ________ June 1st, and his mother was also born ________ June. A．in；in B．on；in C．in；on D．on；on 8．Bangkok is ________ of Shanghai. A．south-west B．the south-west C．in the south-west D．on the south-west 9．Paris Olympic Games will take place ________ July 26 to August 11 this year. A．in B．on C．for D．from 10．Forests are very important to birds because they need to make their nests ________ trees. A．on B．in C．at D．under 二、完形填空 The class in America is almost the same as that in China. But something is different. Here are some American classroom customs (习俗). ●If the teacher asks you a question, you should give an answer. If you don’t understand the question, put up your hand and 11 the teacher to repeat it. If you don’t know the answer, it is alright to tell the teacher that you don’t know. Then he or she knows 12 you need to learn. ●There is no excuse (借口) for not doing your homework. If you miss a class, you should call your 13 or ask your classmates for help. ●You mustn’t miss a test. If you are seriously (严重地) 14 , call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test. If your teacher allows you to take a make-up test (补考), you should take the test in one or two days after you return to school. ●Be on time! It is rude to be late. If you come late, be sure to do it 15 . Take your books out of your bag before you come into the room. Then go to your seat and sit down without any noise. 11．A．ask B．let C．keep D．make 12．A．where B．how C．what D．why 13．A．headmaster B．teacher C．parents D．friends 14．A．healthy B．joy C．ill D．excited 15．A．quickly B．quietly C．slowly D．loudly 三、任务型阅读 Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题。） Last summer, Mei Mei visited her aunt’s in the USA．Her cousin, Tim, was very happy to meet her. But he had little time to play with her because he was busy making money by doing summer jobs. Tim introduced some of his jobs to Mei Mei. 9:00 a.m. - dog walking If you are a pet lover, there is no better job than a dog walker. You can not only play with lovely pets, but also earn some extra money. Plus, there are many families with dogs and your four-legged clients can be found everywhere. 10:00 a.m. - lawn mowing (修剪草坪) If a homeowner is on vacation for a whole summer, he will need someone to mow the lawn. You can always charge anywhere from $10 to $40 per metre according to the size of the lawn. It’ll really make you a rich person among your friends. 4:00p.m. - babysitting (临时保姆) Parents need babysitters when they go for date nights and other social activities. Since you know the games kids enjoy, you can stop the babies from crying by teaching them these interesting things. 16．Why did Tim have little time to play with MeiMei? 17．How many jobs did Tim introduce to MeiMei? 18．Can dog walkers earn extra money while playing with the dogs? 19．When do parents need babysitters? 20．What do you think of summer jobs? 【培优提升】 一、选择题 1．Look! Our class is playing a game against Class A _______ the basketball court. A．in B．at C．on D．around 2．The old man likes sitting ________ some children to tell interesting stories when he is free. A．between B．among C．through D．across 3．Shall we go to Wanda Cinema ________ Tuesday? A．to B．on C．at D．in 4．My birthday party is ________ three this afternoon. A．on B．in C．of D．at 5．As students, we can save paper ________ on both sides of the paper. A．by write B．by writing C．on writing D．with write 6．He may become an astronaut ________. A．in 15 year’s time B．after 15 year’s time C．in 15 years’ time D．after 15 years’ time 7．Do you like the trousers ________ the red belt? A．for B．by C．in D．with 8．He will come to Shanghai ________ early May. A．about B．in C．at D．on 9．I have to go to bed ________ 10: 00 every night. I can’t go to bed too late. A．after B．before C．in D．on 10．—Were you born ________ May? —Yes, I was born ________ 25th May. A．in; on B．in; in C．on; in D．on; on 二、任务型阅读 Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题。） National day is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country. Different countries have their own ways of celebration. China October 1st is China’s National Day. There are different kinds of celebration activities around the country, like colorful art shows, themed exhibitions (主题展览) and so on. There is also a flag-raising ceremony (典礼) at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing. The Five-starred Red Flag rises slowly to the national anthem (国歌). Everyone in the square thinks it is exciting. The United Kingdom The National Day of the United Kingdom is on the second Saturday in June every year. It is the birthday of the queen (皇后). On this day, there will be many celebration activities in London. Visitors can enjoy listening to music and watching dancing shows on the streets. Serbia Serbia’s National Day is on February 15th. People take part in many celebration activities this day to celebrate the birth of their country. They watch art shows, join in the football matches or other activities. There is a great friendship between China and Serbia, so Serbia also has cultural exchange (文化交流) activities between two countries. 11．What is national day? 12．What do people think of the flag-raising ceremony in the square? 13．When is the National Day of the United Kingdom? 14．Why does Serbia have cultural exchange activities? 15．What do all countries have to celebrate their National Day? Why is it important to celebrate the National Day? 三、完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage.(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) James and Jennifer were driving from Nevada to Idaho with their five-month-old son. Shortly after their leaving home it began to snow. The snow was soon so 16 that it became a blizzard (暴风雪). The blizzard went on for many hours. By the time it was over, there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road and it was 17 to drive. They looked around for a house to stay in, but they could see nothing. They looked for another 18 but there wasn’t one to travel on. They had to stay where they were. They stayed there for five days. They had very little to eat or drink. They ate some cookies they had in the car, and they even had snow for water. Jennifer was able to feed her baby herself. After five days , they knew they could no longer stay in their car. James made a large 19 in the snow for Jennifer and the baby to stay in, and he started the long walk to get help. In 22 hours he walked over 45 kilometers. At last he got to the town of Vya. James was very tired and could not even speak, but he was able to tell the people in the town 20 Jennifer and his son were. The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby. When they found them, the baby was crying loudly. They took them to hospital, where the doctors looked after them. Many people thought it was a miracle (奇迹) that the family didn’t die in such a blizzard. 16．A．thin B．strong C．cold D．white 17．A．safe B．quick C．dangerous D．easy 18．A．town B．person C．street D．road 19．A．house B．hole C．snowman D．home 20．A．how B．what C．where D．that 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点05 介词（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1. 仅基础区分 in/on/at 年、月、日期、时刻； 2. 地点只区分大地方 in，小地点 at； 3. 简单方位 in/on/under/behind； 4. by + 交通工具基础搭配； 5. 少量固定搭配 look at /listen to； 6. 无近义词精细辨析。 1. in/on/at 全部特殊场景：带修饰词早中晚、节日、具体某天时段； 2. 方位介词成对精细辨析； 3. 动态方位介to/into/out of/through/past； 4. 三大表“用”介词 with /by/in 严格区分； 5. 时间拓展介词 for/since/during/from…to…； 6. 动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词全套必背短语； 7. 同一动词搭配不同介词词义完全不同； 8. 易混介词 to /for/of /with 语境辨析； 衔接引导 小学阶段： 只背固定模板，无例外、无辨析； 初中阶段： 初中介词是语法最难模块之一，几大失分核心： 1.大量特例打破基础规则（on a rainy morning 不用 in）； 2.近义词差别微小，只能靠语境判断； 3.语法硬性规则极易忽略：介词后不能用主格、不能加动词原形； 4.短语数量庞大，同一个动词搭配不同介词意思完全改变。 小学考点梳理 介词分为 4 大类：时间介词、地点介词、静态方位介词、方式介词 考点一 时间基础用法 （1）at 用法（精准小点时间）​ ① 具体时刻、几点几分​ at 7:00 在七点、at 9:30 在九点半​ ② 固定短时段​ at noon 在中午、at night 在晚上、at midnight 在午夜​ ③ 节日整体时段、周末​ at weekends 在周末、at Spring Festival 在春节期间​ （2）on 用法（精准具体某一天）​ ① 具体星期几​ on Monday 在周一、on Sunday 在周日​ ② 具体几月几日​ on June 1st 在六月一日、on September 10th 在九月十日​ ③ 专属节日当天（Day结尾节日）​ on Children’s Day 在儿童节、on Teachers’ Day 在教师节​ （3）in 用法（宽泛大范围时间）​ ① 年份、月份、季节​ in 2025 在2025年、in May 在五月、in winter 在冬天​ ② 无修饰的早中晚（通用基础搭配）​ in the morning 在早上、in the afternoon 在下午、in the evening 在晚上​ 考点二 地点基础用法 核心口诀：大范围用in，小点位用at （1）in + 大范围地点（区域、城市、国家、空间内部） ① 国家、城市、省份 in China 在中国、in Shanghai 在上海、in Zhejiang 在浙江 ② 大型封闭空间、区域 in the classroom 在教室里面、in the park 在公园里、in the box 在盒子里、in the room 在房间里 （2）at + 小地点、精准点位（具体场所、门口、站点） ① 小型固定场所 at home 在家、at school 在学校、at the zoo 在动物园、at the shop 在商店 ② 精准点位、出入口、站点 at the gate 在门口、at the bus stop 在公交站、at the station 在车站 五年级地点介词易错点 ✅ in Beijing（城市大地点） ✅ at the school gate（精准小点位） ❌ at Beijing（错误） ❌ in the gate（错误） 考点三 ×××× 考点三 静态方位介词 （1）in 在……里面（物体内部空间） The ball is in the box. 球在盒子里面。 （2）on 在……上面（物体表面，有接触） The book is on the desk. 书在书桌上面。 易错提醒：on 必须是表面接触，悬空不用on （3）under 在……正下方（垂直下方） The cat is under the chair. 猫在椅子下面。 （4）behind 在……后面（物体后方） The tree is behind the house. 树在房子后面。 （5）beside 在……旁边（紧贴着，距离极近） I sit beside my deskmate. 我坐在同桌旁边。 （6）next to 紧挨着（比beside更近，无缝贴合） The bank is next to the hospital. 银行紧挨着医院。 （7）between 在……两者之间 The ball is between the two boxes. 球在两个盒子中间。 必考搭配：between A and B 在A和B之间 （8）in front of 在……前面（物体外部前方） There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。 考点四 方式介词+出行介词 （1）by + 交通工具（零冠词·五年级绝对考点）核心规则：by后面直接加交通工具单数，不加a/an/the、不加s，固定零冠词搭配 by bus 乘公交、by bike 骑自行车、by car 乘小汽车、by plane 乘飞机、by train 乘火车、by ship 乘船 正反例句 ✅ I go to school by bike. 我骑车上学。 ❌ I go to school by a bike.（错误，多加冠词） （2）on foot 步行 ✅ I walk to school = I go to school on foot. 典例示范 1．Alice and Kitty are _____ the same school. They are _____ the same class. They are good friends. A．at; at B．at; in C．in; in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：爱丽丝和凯蒂在同一所学校上学。她们在同一个班。她们是好朋友。in the same school 在同一所学校，主体包括学校的任何人，at the same school在同一所学校（就读），主体是学生，而爱丽丝和凯蒂是两个学生； in the same class在同一个班，固定词组，at the same class并无此用法，故选B。 2．Linda and I are desk mates. Linda sits _____ me. A．behind B．in front of C．beside 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琳达和我是书桌伙伴。琳达坐_____我_____。根据前句句意，琳达和我是同桌，应该在我的旁边，A在……后面，B在……前面，C在……旁边，故选C. 【点睛】本题考查了介词辨析，注意牢记介词用法。 3．He lives _____ Green Street. A．to B．at C．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他住在格林大街。住在哪条街用介词on，故选C。 4．Peter and Joe get off the bus _____ Park Street Station. A．with B．to C．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意为Peter和Joe在公园街站下车。在某个站点应该用介词at，故选C。 5．The twins often go ______ Grandma Wang’s home. A．to B．/ C．for 【答案】A 【详解】题干句意：这对双胞胎经常去王奶奶家。去某地常用动词短语go to sp，故选A。 即学即练习 1．This year, the Double Ninth Festival is ______October. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】A 【解析】月份前用介词in的用法。 2．It begins at two o'clock _____ the afternoon.  A．on B．in C．at 【答案】B 【详解】It begins at two o’clock in the afternoon.它在下午两点开始。在下午in the afternoon. 3．They will come to our school ________ two o’clock. A．in B．at C．on 【答案】B 【详解】They will come to our school at two o’clock.他们会在两点钟来我们学校。 4．The Mid-Autumn Festival is ____ August. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】B 【详解】The Mid-Autumn Festival is in August.中秋节在八月。 5．The double Ninth Festival is ____ October ____November. A．on; or B．in; or C．in; and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：重阳节是......10月......11月。第一空表示在几月，用介词in，第二空表示或者，用or。故答案为B。 易混易错 1. 分不清星期+早中晚的用法，误用in，必须用on； 2. by交通工具乱加冠词（by the bus 错误）； 3. on foot 记错成by foot； 4. 大小地点介词混淆，大地点用at、小地点用in； 5. 树上介词混淆：外来用in，原生用on； 6. 固定短语介词记错：look in / listen at 等错误搭配。 解题方略 1. 时间：点at、天on、年月季节in； 2. 地点：大in小at、内部in表面on； 3. 交通：by无冠、步行on foot； 4. 固定短语死记牢，搭配不变不混淆 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．My brother always goes to bed _______ nine o’clock ______ the evening. A．at; in B．on; at C．at; on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥/弟弟总是在晚上九点去睡觉。nine o’clock九点，是具体的时刻，前面用介词at，in the evening在晚上，是介词固定搭配。 2．—Is your birthday ______ the 3rd of November? —No, it is ______ December. A．on; on B．in; in C．on; in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—你的生日是11月3日吗？—不，是在12月。本题考查时间介词。on后接具体的某一天，in后接年、季节、月，the 3rd of November是具体的某一天，前面用on，December是月，前面用in。故选C。 3．Mary’s birthday is ______ the second ______ May. A．at; of B．on; in C．on; of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽的生日在五月二日。本题考查时间介词和介词辨析。at用在具体时间点前面；in用在年，季，月和泛指的上下午和晚上前面；on用在具体某一天或某一天的上下午和晚上前面；of……的，第一空是具体某一天用on，第二空应表示五月的第二天，用of，故选C。 4．Tom goes to the park ______ half past one ______ Sunday afternoon. A．at; on B．to; in C．at; in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆在周日下午一点半去公园。本题考查时间介词。at后跟具体的时间点；in后跟年、月、季节等；on后跟星期几、日期等具体的某一天。half past one一点半，是具体的时间点，前面介词要用at；Sunday afternoon周日下午，是具体的某一天的下午，前面介词要用on，选项A符合题意，故选A。 5．Thanksgiving is ______ the fourth Thursday in November in the US. A．in B．at C．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在美国，感恩节是十一月的第四个星期四。本题考查时间介词的用法。表示具体某一天时用介词on，如“on Monday”“on July 5th”。句中“the fourth Thursday in November”指具体某一天，故选C。 6．Litttle Tadpole is ______ at two o’clock. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《小蝌蚪》两点钟上映。本题考查时间介词，A在……时，B在……里，C在。表示几点钟上映用介词on，故选A。 7．We want to watch a football match ______ Tuesday evening. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们想在周二晚上去看一场足球比赛。本题考查时间介词，in用在年、月季节等前面，on用在具体某一天或某一天的上下午前，at用在具体时间点前。故选B。 8．I arrive _____ school at eight o’clock. A．to B．in C．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我8点到校。本题考查地点介词。A选项arrive to无此搭配；B选项arrive in到达，通常指到达较大区域或地点，如城市、国家等；C选项arrive at到达，后面接较小的地点，school学校为具体的小地点，故选C。 9．In China, Children’s Day is ________ 1st June. A．in B．on C．of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国，儿童节是在6月1日。考查时间介词，儿童节是具体一天，用介词on，故选B。 10．My birthday’s _________ the first of May. Her birthday’s _________ June. A．on; on B．on; in C．in; in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的生日是在五月一日。她的生日是在六月。在具体某一天用介词on，在几月要用介词in。选项B符合题意，故选B。 二、阅读选择 观察电影票，选择正确的答案。 11．—What time does the movie START?   —________.‌ A．2:00 PM B．2:30 PM C．4:15 PM 12．—How much should a student PAY with ID? —________.‌ A．12 B．9 C．10 13．—Where is the seat located? —________.‌ A．Seat 5, Row 12 B．5th seat, 12th row C．Row 5, Seat 12 14．—If two adults and one student buy tickets, how much in TOTAL? —________. A．30 B．31 C．33 15．—What type of movie is The Magic Key?   —________. A．Action B．Comedy C．Animated 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一张电影票。 11．句意：—电影几点开始？—____。2:00 PM下午2点，2:30 PM下午2点半，4:15 PM下午4点15，根据电影票可知电影放映时间是2:30 PM - 4:15 PM，开始时间是下午2:30。 12．句意：—用学生证，一个学生应该付多少钱？—____。根据电影票可知学生凭学生证可享受八折优惠，原价成人12元，学生票原价对应折扣后为12 × (1-20%)=9，因此学生带ID需付9元。 13．句意：—座位在哪里？—_____。电影票明确标注座位信息为Row 5, Seat 12，和选项C完全一致。 14．句意：—如果两位成人和一名学生购票，总共需要多少钱？—____。根据电影票可知1位成人票价12元，2位成人共12 × 2 = 24元，1位学生优惠票价9元，总价为24 + 9 = 33。 15．句意：—《魔法钥匙》是什么类型的电影？—___。Action动作片，Comedy喜剧，Animated动画片，电影票标注这部电影是(Animated)，也就是动画片。 Read and choose. (根据图示内容，选择最佳答案。) This is Lily’s home. It’s small but tidy. Lily will have a little sister this year. 16．How many rooms are there? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. 17．Lily’s parents’ bedroom faces south. Which bedroom is Lily’s? A．Bedroom 1. B．Bedroom 2. C．I don’t know. 18．The bathroom faces ______. A．north B．south C．west 19．Lily and her father both like reading. What room do they want to have? A．A big study. B．A small kitchen. C．A big dining room. 20．They want to have a new home. Why? A．Because they want to live near school. B．Because the little sister needs a new bathroom. C．Because their home is small. 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文介绍了Lily的家的布局，包括两间卧室、厨房、浴室、书房和餐厅。 【详解】16．句意：一共有多少个房间？Four.四个。Five.五个。Six.六个。根据图片和描述，房间包括bedroom 1, bedroom 2, kitchen, bathroom, study, dining room，共6个房间，故选C。 17．句意：Lily父母的卧室朝南。哪间是Lily的卧室？Bedroom 1.卧室1。Bedroom 2.卧室2。I don’t know.我不知道。根据父母卧室朝南可知是卧室1，而Lily卧室则是卧室2，故选B。 18．句意：浴室朝向______。north北；south南；west西。根据户型图方位标识上北下南，浴室朝西，故选C。 19．句意：Lily和她的爸爸都喜欢阅读。他们想要一个什么房间？A big study一个大书房。A small kitchen一个小厨房。A big dining room一个大餐厅。根据“都喜欢阅读”可推断他们想要一个大的书房，故选A。 20．句意：他们想要一个新家。为什么？Because they want to live near school.因为他们想住在学校附近。Because the little sister needs a new bathroom.因为小妹妹需要一个新的浴室。Because their home is small.因为他们的家很小。根据短文开头“This is Lily’s home. It’s small but tidy.”可知他们家很小，故选C。 【培优提升】 一、单项选择 1．My sister’s birthday’s _______ the fourth _______ February. A．on; in B．in; of C．on; of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我姐姐的生日是在2月四日。在具体某一天用介词on；the fourth of February二月四日，of的（表示所属关系），符合题意。选项C符合题意，故选C。 2．The pupils have a lunch break ________ half an hour. A．for B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们有一个午餐时间____一个半小时。选项A表示持续一段时间；选项B在几月，在……季节；选项C在几点钟。根据语境可知：学生们有一个半小时的午餐时间。选项A符合题意，故选A。 3．Last Monday our teacher took us ________ a museum. A．to B．from C．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上周一，我们的老师带我们去了博物馆。take sb to + 地点，带某人去某地，固定搭配，故选A。 4．We can see the beautiful moon ________ a fine Mid-autumn Festival night. A．at B．in C．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在晴朗的中秋节的晚上我们能看见漂亮的月亮。在某一天的上下午或晚上用介词on，故选C。 5．The girl usually plays the violin _________ Sunday morning. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个女孩通常在星期天早上拉小提琴。英语中表时间时，at 用于表示某个时刻，in 表示一天中的上午，下午，晚上，on 表示某日，如星期几、几号等。结合句意可知，Sunday（周日）前应用介词on来表示在，故选B。 6．Can we listen to the music ______ Daguang ming Cinema? A．at B．in C．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们能在大光明电影院听音乐吗？A在某地，加小地点。B在某地，加大地点，C在……上。电影院是小地点，用介词at，故选A。 7．Jim and Tommy are waiting ____________ the bus stop. They are waiting ____________ the bus. A．at; for B．for; at C．in; on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：吉姆和汤米在公共汽车站等着。他们在等公共汽车。at the bus stop在公共汽车站，wait for the bus等公共汽车。故选A。 8．The Lis will go to Sanya ________ plane.   A．on B．by C．by the 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 李先生将……飞机去三亚。by+交通工具，表示乘……，故选B. 9．We get there ________ train. A．with B．by C．in D．from 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 我们将……飞机去那里。by+交通工具，表示乘……，故选B. 10．My father goes to work ________ car. A．in B．at C．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸开小汽车去上班。A.在…里，B. 在，by+交通工具，表达交通方式，固定结构，故选C。 二、阅读选择 Read and choose. (根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。) Mary is a 12-year-old girl. She is ill, and she has a high fever. Her mother takes her to see the doctor. The doctor looks over and says:“ Don’t worry.” Then he gives her some medicine. Here are the instructions. Instruction Take three times a day after meals. Dose (剂量) for grown-ups: 3 spoons each time. Children: 9-13 years, 2 spoons; 5-8 years, 1 spoon; Not for children below the age of 5. Notes: 1. Keep it in a cold place. 2. Use before Feb. 2025. 11．What’s wrong with Mary? A．She has a cold. B．She has a fever. C．She has an instruction. 12．How many times a day does Mary take the medicine? A．Once a day. B．Twice a day. C．Three times a day. 13．When should Mary take the medicine? A．Before bed. B．Before meals. C．After meals. 14．How many spoons of the medicine should Mary take? A．1 spoon. B．2 spoons. C．3 spoons. 15．Where does Mary keep the medicine? A．In a cold place. B．In a warm place. C．Keep it everywhere. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了12岁女孩玛丽因发烧看医生后得到的药品说明书。 11．句意：玛丽怎么了？She has a cold.她感冒了。She has an instruction.她发烧了。She has an instruction.她有一张说明书。根据“She is ill, and she has a high fever.她病了，发高烧。”可知B选项符合题意，故选B。 12．句意：玛丽每天服药多少次？Once a day.一天一次。Twice a day.一天两次。Three times a day.一天三次。根据“Take three times a day after meals.每日三次，饭后服用。”可知C选项符合题意，故选C。 13．句意：玛丽应该何时服药？Before bed.睡前。Before meals.饭前。After meals.饭后。根据“Take three times a day after meals.每日三次，饭后服用。”可知C选项符合题意，故选C。 14．句意：玛丽应该服用几勺药？1 spoon.1勺。2 spoons.2勺。3 spoons.3勺。根据“Children: 9-13 years, 2 spoons儿童：9-13岁，2勺”可知玛丽12岁应服2勺，B选项符合题意，故选B。 15．句意：玛丽把药存放在哪里？In a cold place.在阴凉处。In a warm place.在温暖处。Keep it everywhere.随处存放。根据“Keep it in a cold place.存放在阴凉处。”可知A选项符合题意，故选A。 Choose the best answer. 根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案。 Autumn is coming. Students in Rose Garden School are planning to spend a day out. Here is a booklet about Chatsworth Farmyard. Chatsworth Farmyard Daily talk Hear one of your friendly experts (专家) talk about how we care for the animals at 1:30 p.m. every day. Milking Time See our cows being milked every day at 3:30 p.m. from mid-April until the end of October. Animal handling (动物驯养) House Join us in the Oak barn from March to September to handle all kinds of lovely farm animals. There is no better way to get up close with our chicks, lambs and goat kids (in season). Eat at the farmyard It’s feeding time whenever you want at the farmyard, with lunch and snacks from the farmyard cafe. Go across the bridge from the top yard and you will find it. You can also eat at the shepherd’s hut in the playground. Guinea pig village (豚鼠村) Take some time out to get up close with a few of our smaller furry friends. Farmyard shop Visit the gift shop and find out farmyard themed gift ideas as well as pocket money treats. Tractor trailer discovery tours (探索之旅) Jump on board our tractor trailer (拖拉机) ride during weekends and school holidays and enjoy a tour around Chatsworth Park. $2.50 for each. *price may change during special events (活动) 16．______ can’t be found in the Chatsworth farmyard. A．guinea pigs B．chicks C．rabbits D．cows 17．If students want to get close to small furry animals, they should visit ______. A．Guinea pig village B．The Shepherd’s hut C．Farmyard shop D．Picnic area 18．Students in Sunny Town School plans to see how cows are being milked. It’s better for them to visit the farmyard on ______. A．March 15 B．September 26 C．April 6 D．November 2 19．If Tim with another three students would like to take a tractor trailer ride, they should pay ______. A．$ 2.5 B．$ 5 C．$ 10 D．$ 12.5 20．What does “jump on board” mean in the last paragraph? A．get off B．take part in C．get along with D．take care of 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于查茨沃斯庄园农场的活动介绍。 【详解】16．句意：在查茨沃斯庄园农场找不到______。guinea pigs豚鼠，chicks小鸡，rabbits兔子，cows奶牛。根据原文中“See our cows being milked...”、“There is no better way to get up close with our chicks, lambs and...”和“Guinea pig village...”，可知提到了奶牛、小鸡和豚鼠并没有兔子，故选C。 17．句意：如果学生想靠近毛茸茸的小型动物，他们应该去______。Guinea pig village豚鼠村，The Shepherd’s hut牧羊人小屋，Farmyard shop农场庄园商店，Picnic area野餐区。根据“Take some time out to get up close with a few of our smaller furry friends.”可知去豚鼠村可以靠近小型毛茸茸朋友，故选A。 18．句意：阳光镇学校的学生计划观看挤牛奶，他们最好在哪个日期去农场？March 15(3月15日)，September 26(9月26日)，April 6(4月6日)，November 2(11月2日)。根据“See our cows being milked every day at 3:30 p.m. from mid-April until the end of October.”可以推测出4月中旬到10月底每天都可以观看，9月26日符合题意，故选B。 19．句意：如果Tim和另外3名学生想参加拖拉机探索之旅，他们需要支付多少钱？根据“$2.50 for each.”可知每人2.5美元，Tim和另外3名学生共4人，总费用为2.5×4=10美元，故选C。 20．句意：最后一段中“jump on board”是什么意思？get off下车，take part in参加，get along with与……相处，take care of照顾。根据“Jump on board our tractor trailer ride... enjoy a tour”可知该句表示加入拖拉机之旅，享受游览，take part in符合语境，故选B。 三、填空题 in    on   at   of   about 21．What can you hear __________ home or __________ the street? 22．It’s too noisy here. I want to live __________ Mars. 23．The king wants to hear the loudest noise __________ the world. So people must shout together __________ twelve o’clock __________ his birthday. 24．People hear __________ the idea. They open mouths and listen. They hear the songs __________ the birds and the river. 25．__________ the Noise Kingdom, people like noises. 【答案】21． at in 22．on 23． in at on 24． about of 25．In 【详解】21．句意：你在家里或街上能听到什么？at home在家，固定搭配；in the street在街上，固定搭配。故答案为at；in。 22．句意：这里太吵了。我想住在火星上。on Mars在火星上，固定搭配，故答案为on。 23．句意：国王想听到世界上最大的噪音。所以人们必须在他生日的十二点钟一起喊。in the world在世界上，固定用法。在时间点前用介词at，at  twelve o’clock在十二点钟。在具体的某一天前用介词on，on his birthday在他生日那天。故答案为in；at；on。 24．句意：人们听到了这个想法。他们张开嘴倾听。他们听到鸟儿和河流的歌声。hear about听到，动词短语。of……的，the songs of the birds and the river鸟儿和河流的歌声。故答案为about；of。 25．句意：在噪音王国，人们喜欢噪音。in the Noise Kingdom在噪音王国，故答案为In。 初中考点梳理 考点一 时间介词 1. at 的全部用法 ① 具体时刻：at 6:30、at noon、at night、at midnight ② 简短节日（泛指节日期间）：at Christmas、at Spring Festival ③ 固定短语：at weekends 在周末 2. on 核心难点 基础：on + 星期、几月几号、节日当天 on Monday、on June 23rd、on New Year’s Day 重点特例 1：形容词 / 星期修饰早中晚，统一用 on，不用 in on a cold winter morning 一个寒冷冬日早晨 on Sunday evening 周日晚上 on a rainy afternoon 一个下雨的下午 重点特例 2：有后置定语 of 限定某天时段，用 on on the morning of Children’s Day 儿童节当天早上 重点特例 3：具体某天早 / 中 / 晚，全部 on 3. in 的细分场景 ① 年、月、季节：in 2026、in May、in summer ② 无任何修饰词的早中晚：in the morning /in the afternoon /in the evening ③ 世纪、年代：in the 2020s 在 21 世纪 20 年代 ④ 固定时间段短语：in the past 在过去；in the future 在将来；in a week 一周后（将来时） 4. 拓展时间介词（初中新增） 1）for + 一段时间：强调动作持续多久 I read books for two hours every day. 2）since + 时间点：自从……（多用于完成时） I have lived here since 2020. 3）during + 时间段：在…… 期间 We went hiking during the summer holiday. 4）from…to… 从…… 到…… We have classes from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. 考点二 方位介词 静态 + 动态 （一）上下类 over /above/under /below 1.over ① 垂直正上方；② 有覆盖、越过含义 A lamp is over the desk.（灯垂直在桌子上方） The plane flies over the mountain.（飞越山脉） 2.above 泛指上方，不垂直，无覆盖 There are many birds above the building. 3.under 垂直正下方 The cat is under the sofa. 4.below 泛指下方，不垂直，常用于温度、海拔 The temperature is below zero. （二）两者 / 三者之间 between & among 1.between：两者中间，常搭配 and sit between Lily and Tom 2.among：三者及以上人 / 物中间 He stands among all the students. （三）旁边类 beside /near/next to 1.next to：紧挨着，距离最近 2.beside：在旁边，紧贴，比 near 近 3.near：在附近，距离可近可远 （四）内部前后 in front of /in the front of（搭配冠词考点） 1.in front of：物体外部前面 A tree stands in front of the classroom.（树在教室外面） 2.in the front of：物体内部靠前位置 The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.（教室内部前排） （五）动态移动介词（初中新增，表动作过程） 1.to：朝向某地（去往，终点） go to school 2.into：进入…… 内部（动态进入） walk into the classroom 3.out of：从…… 内部走出来 look out of the window 4.past：从旁边经过 walk past the shop 5.through：从内部穿过（森林、窗户、隧道） walk through the forest 6.across：从表面横穿（马路、河流） walk across the road （六）地点介词 in /at 补充细化 1.in + 大范围：国家、城市、街区、大商场 2.at + 小点位：车站、门口、公交站、诊所、家、校门口 3.特殊：home /here/there 地点副词，前面绝对不加 to go home（√） go to home（×） get there（√） get to there（×） （七）方位介词 1. in — 在范围内部（包含关系） 规则：A 地完全在 B 地里面，属于从属关系，用 in。 结构：小地点 + be + in + 大区域 例句： Nanjing is in Jiangsu. 南京在江苏省内。 Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国东部。 Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国北部。 2. on — 在范围边上、接壤相邻（有边界相连，互不包含） 规则：两地紧紧挨着，有共同边界，不属于包含关系，用 on。 例句： Jiangsu is on Anhui. 江苏和安徽接壤。 Canada is on the north of the USA. 加拿大在美国北边（陆地相连）。 3. to — 在范围外部、不接壤（中间隔江河、大海、土地，无边界相连） 规则：两地分开，中间有距离、水域隔开，互不接触，用 to。 例句： Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东边（隔海，不接壤）。 Shanghai is to the south of Shandong. 上海在山东南边，不相邻。 万能区分口诀 包含内部用 in，陆地接壤就用 on，隔海相望要用 to。 考点三 方式介词 with /by/in 表 “使用” 1.with + 有形工具、身体部位（用…… 工具） write with a pen 用钢笔写字 cut with a knife 用刀切 see with eyes 用眼睛看 2.by + 方式、手段、交通（抽象途径，无工具） by bus 坐公交；by reading 通过阅读；by email 通过邮件 3.in + 语言、材料、墨水 talk in English 用英语交谈 write in red ink 用红墨水书写 例句对比： I draw pictures with pencils.（工具 with） I learn English by watching videos.（途径 by） We speak in Chinese at home.（语言 in） 考点四 易混介词 to /for/of /with 1. to ① 朝向、到（地点） go to park ② 动作指向对象 give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 ③ 固定搭配：listen to、point to 2. for ① 为了、给（目的） buy gifts for mum ② 持续时长 wait for two hours ③ 固定搭配 wait for、be late for、thank sb. for 3. of 表所属关系 …… 的 the door of the room 房间的门 a photo of my sister 我妹妹的照片 4. with ① 和…… 一起 play with friends ② 带有、拥有 a girl with long hair 长头发女孩 ③ 用工具（前文已讲） 考点五 介词两大不可打破语法铁律 规则 1：介词后面接人称代词，只能用宾格 me/him/her/us/them ❌ play with I ✅ play with me ❌ go shopping with she ✅ go shopping with her 例句：My brother plays basketball with him every weekend. 规则 2：介词后面出现动词，动词必须变为 doing 动名词 公式：介词 + doing 1.be good at swimming（at 介词，swim→swimming） 2.Thank you for helping me（for 介词） 3.have fun in playing games 超级难点：look forward to doing（初中拉分点） 这里 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后面不能加动词原形 ❌ I look forward to see you. ✅ I look forward to seeing you. 同类特殊 to 介词短语： pay attention to doing 注意做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 考点六 动词 + 介词 / 形容词 + 介词 一、动词 + 介词 look at 看 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 listen to 听 wait for 等待 think of 想到 think about 思考 take care of 照顾 ask for 请求、索要 depend on 依靠 arrive in + 大地点 /arrive at + 小地点 到达 二、形容词 + 介词 be good at 擅长…… be afraid of 害怕…… be late for …… 迟到 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 be proud of 为…… 骄傲 be ready for 为…… 做好准备 be busy with 忙于某事 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 考点七 动词搭配不同介词 1. look 词组 look at 看着（强调动作） look for 寻找（找东西） look after 照顾（人 / 宠物） look over 检查（医生检查身体） 2. think 词组 think of 想到、认为 think about 仔细思考某事 think over 反复深思 3. get 词组 get to 到达 get on 上车 get off 下车 get up 起床 4. arrive 词组 arrive in + 城市 / 国家 arrive at + 车站、学校、机场 5. go 词组 go to school 去上学 / go to the park 去公园​ go for a walk 去散步 / go for a picnic 去野餐​ go on 继续；持续​ go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事​ go out of 从……出去​ go out of the room 走出房间​ 6. turn 词组 turn on 打开（电器、水龙头）​ turn off 关闭（电器、水龙头）​ turn up 调大（音量）；出现​ turn down 调小（音量）；拒绝​ turn down the radio 把收音机调小​ 典例示范 1．—Where is the playground? —It’s _________ the west of the school, ________ the south of our classroom. A．to; to B．on; in C．to; in D．in; to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——操场在哪里？——它在学校的西面，在我们教室的南面。 考查地点介词。in一地属于另一地；on两地接壤；to两地不接壤。操场属于学校所以第一个空用in；而操场和教室不接壤，第二空用to，故选D。 2．Joan is going to come back ________ the evening of July 8. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Joan将在7月8日晚上回来。 考查介词辨析。at在；朝；on在……上，用于表示确定的时间，具体某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等；in在……里，to对。根据“…the evening of July 8”可知，“7月8号”为具体某一天的晚上，应用介词on修饰。故选B。 3．We will celebrate Chinese New Year’s Eve ______ Friday, February 9 this year. A．on B．at C．in D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今年我们将在2月9日星期五庆祝中国新年前夜。 考查时间介词的用法。on后接具体一天；at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节；to到。“Friday”是具体的一天，介词用on，故选A。 4．I usually go swimming at 8:50 a.m. ________ Saturdays. A．on B．in C．at D．during 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我通常在周六上午8:50去游泳。 考查介词辨析。on用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上前；in用于年、月、季节、世纪、时代前；at用于具体的时刻前；during表示“在……期间”。根据语境可知，此处是在描述在周六上午8:50去游泳，Saturday为具体某一天，所以应该用on。故选A。 即学即练习 1．The students go to the calligraphy club after school ________ Wednesday. A．on B．in C．at D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：星期三放学后，学生们去书法俱乐部。 考查介词的用法。在具体的某一天及星期几用介词on；at用在具体的时刻前；in用于较长的时间段。空后的Wednesday是星期三，因此用介词on。故选A。 2．What are they going to wear ________ January 22nd? A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们将在1月22日穿什么？ 考查时间介词。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天；at在某时刻；for为了。空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选B。 3．________ noon, students go outside and play. A．In B．On C．At D．Of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中午，学生们出去玩。 考查介词辨析。in在（某年、月、季节等较长时间段）；on在（具体某一天）；at在（某时刻）；of……的。at noon“在中午”，固定短语。故选C。 4．—What does your mother look like? —She is of medium height _________ curly hair. A．has B．have C．in D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你妈妈长什么样？——她中等身材，卷发。 考查with的用法。has有，动词三单；have有，动词原形；in在里面；with有。本句已有动词“is”，可排除AB选项；根据“curly hair”可知，此处用with表示“有，具有”，介词短语with curly hair作伴随状语。故选D。 5．—When is the Spring Festival? —It’s usually _________ January or February. A．in B．on C．at D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——春节是什么时候？——通常在一月或二月。 考查介词辨析。in用于年、月、季节前；on用于日期、星期、具体某一天前；at用于具体时间点前；of属于……的。根据“January”可知，空格后为月份，所以空格处应用介词in。故选A。 6．My grandma will leave for New York ________ 11:00 a.m. tomorrow. A．at B．in C．on D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我奶奶明天上午11点动身去纽约。 考查时间介词的用法。at在某一时刻；in在某一时间段；on在具体的日期；for（表示时间、距离）达，计，（表示目的、用途）为了。根据“11:00 a.m.”可知，表示具体时刻要用介词at。故选A。 易混易错 时间：带修饰早中晚不用 in，要用 on；节日期间 at，节日当天 on 方位：across/through 混用；over/above 不分垂直；between/among 混用；go to home 多 to 交通：by 后不加冠词；步行固定 on foot，不用 by foot 语法大坑：介词后主格、动词原形；look forward to 加原形 短语易混：arrive in/at 颠倒；树上 in 外来物、on 原生果实；turn 开 / 关 / 调大调小混淆 冠词成对短语：有无 the 含义不同（in hospital/in the hospital 等） 解题方略 1. 时间介词速判 at：时刻、noon/night、周末、节日期间 on：星期、日期、节日当天、带修饰的早中晚 in：年 / 月 / 季节、普通早中晚、年代 for + 时长；since + 时间点 2. 方位 / 地点速判 大小地点：大 in 小 at；home/here/there 不加 to 上下：垂直 over/under；泛指 above/below 数量之间：两者 between；三者及以上 among 内外前：in front of（外）；in the front of（内） 动态：across 横穿平面；through 穿内部；into 进入 地理方位：包含 in，接壤 on，隔海不接壤 to 3. “用” 区分 with + 工具；by + 交通 / 方式；in + 语言、墨水 4. 两大硬性规则 ① 介词后人称用宾格 ② 介词后动词变 doing；look forward to 中 to 是介词，后接 doing 5. 固定搭配判断 arrive in 大地点 /at 小地点；look/go/turn/think 短语结合句意区分词义；形容词固定搭配单独记忆。 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．________ the morning of 25 October, we went to see a film. A．In B．On C．At D．From 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在10月25日早上，我们去看了一场电影。 in用于泛指的上/下午、月份、季节、年份等；on用于具体某一天或某一天的上午/下午/晚上，有日期修饰时用on；at用于具体时刻；from从……起。25 October为具体日期，其上午应用介词on。 2．She lives ________ Shanghai. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她住在上海。 考查介词辨析。on“在……上面，通常用于表示在物体的表面；in在……里面，常用于表示在较大的地方，如城市、国家等内部；at在，常用于表示在具体的小地点或时间点。根据语境可知，此处是描述她住在上海这个城市里，所以应该用in。故选B。 3．John received a reply to the online post ________ January 1. A．in B．at C．on D．about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰在1月1日收到了网上帖子的回复。 考查时间介词辨析。in在（某年、某月、某季节等）；at在（具体时刻或短暂时段）；on在（具体某一天或日期）；about大约。根据“January 1”可知是具体日期，应用介词on。故选C。 4．Close your books, children. It’s time ________ a break. A．to B．of C．for D．with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们，把书合上。​​该休息一下了​​。 考查介词的用法。to朝向；of的；for为了，对于；with带有，和。由于a break是名词短语，此空使用固定句型It’s time for sth.表示是做某事的时候了。故选C。 5．Hurry up! The film will begin _________ 3:30 p. m. We only have 20 minutes left. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：快点！电影将在下午3:30开始。我们只剩下20分钟了。 考查时间介词。in用于年、月、季节等前面；on用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等前面；at用于具体的时刻前面；for后接一段时间。题干中的“3:30 p.m.”是具体时刻，此处用“at”。故选C。 6．My mother gave me a big surprise ________ my birthday. A．to B．in C．at D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈在我生日那天给了我一个大大的惊喜。   考查介词辨析。to到；in表示在较长的时间范围，如年、月、季节等，也可用于表示在较大的地点范围；at表示在具体的时间点或在较小的地点；on表示在具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。“my birthday”是具体的某一天，所以用介词“on”。故选D。 7．Peter was born ________ June 1st, and his mother was also born ________ June. A．in；in B．on；in C．in；on D．on；on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：彼得出生于六月一日，他的母亲也出生于六月。 考查介词辨析。in+时间段，on+具体某一天。第一个空表示6月1日这一天，因此用介词on；第二空表示在6月份，用介词in。故选B。 8．Bangkok is ________ of Shanghai. A．south-west B．the south-west C．in the south-west D．on the south-west 【答案】B 【详解】句意：曼谷在上海的西南方。 考查方位表达。south-west西南方（的），名词短语或形容词短语；the south-west西南方，名词短语，强调方位概念；in the south-west表示在某个范围之内的西南方；on the south-west表示在某个物体表面的西南方（接壤）。根据地理常识可知，曼谷和上海是不同的城市，不存在包含关系，也不接壤。此处用“the south-west”表示方位，故选B。 9．Paris Olympic Games will take place ________ July 26 to August 11 this year. A．in B．on C．for D．from 【答案】D 【详解】句意：巴黎奥运会将于今年7月26日至8月11日举行。 考查介词辨析。in在……里，用于表示在一段时间之内，通常是较长的时间段，如月份、年份、季节或者世纪；on在……上，用于表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某个时间段；for表示目的或持续的时间长度；from从……开始，from ... to ...从……到……。根据“July 26 to August 11”可知，此处表示时间段的起止，需用from ... to ...“从……到……”结构。故选D。 10．Forests are very important to birds because they need to make their nests ________ trees. A．on B．in C．at D．under 【答案】B 【详解】句意：森林对鸟类非常重要，因为它们需要在树上筑巢。 考查介词辨析。on在……上；in在……里；at在；under在……下。in trees和on trees都表示“在树上”，但in trees表示外来物在树上，例如鸟、鸟窝；on trees表示长在树上的东西，例如叶子、果实等；根据空前“nests”可知，此处用介词in。故选B。 二、完形填空 The class in America is almost the same as that in China. But something is different. Here are some American classroom customs (习俗). ●If the teacher asks you a question, you should give an answer. If you don’t understand the question, put up your hand and 11 the teacher to repeat it. If you don’t know the answer, it is alright to tell the teacher that you don’t know. Then he or she knows 12 you need to learn. ●There is no excuse (借口) for not doing your homework. If you miss a class, you should call your 13 or ask your classmates for help. ●You mustn’t miss a test. If you are seriously (严重地) 14 , call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test. If your teacher allows you to take a make-up test (补考), you should take the test in one or two days after you return to school. ●Be on time! It is rude to be late. If you come late, be sure to do it 15 . Take your books out of your bag before you come into the room. Then go to your seat and sit down without any noise. 11．A．ask B．let C．keep D．make 12．A．where B．how C．what D．why 13．A．headmaster B．teacher C．parents D．friends 14．A．healthy B．joy C．ill D．excited 15．A．quickly B．quietly C．slowly D．loudly 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国课堂的一些习俗。 11．句意：如果你不理解这个问题，举手让老师重复一遍。 ask要求，问；let让；keep保持；make制作。根据“put up your hand and ... the teacher to repeat it.”可知，此处表示举手让老师重复问题，ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，符合语境。故选A。 12．句意：然后他或她就知道你需要学什么了。 where哪里；how如何；what什么；why为什么。根据“Then he or she knows ... you need to learn.”可知，此处表示老师知道你需要学什么，what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，符合语境。故选C。 13．句意：如果你缺课了，你应该打电话给你的老师或者向同学求助。 headmaster校长；teacher老师；parents父母；friends朋友。根据“If you miss a class, you should call your ... or ask your classmates for help.”可知，此处表示缺课了应该打电话给老师或者向同学求助，teacher符合语境。故选B。 14．句意：如果你病得很重，打电话让老师知道你不会来参加考试。 healthy健康的；joy快乐；ill生病的；excited兴奋的。根据“If you are seriously (严重地) ... call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test.”可知，此处表示如果你病得很重，ill符合语境。故选C。 15．句意：如果你迟到了，一定要安静地做。 quickly快速地；quietly安静地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地。根据“Take your books out of your bag before you come into the room. Then go to your seat and sit down without any noise.”可知，此处表示迟到了要安静地做，quietly符合语境。故选B。 三、任务型阅读 Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题。） Last summer, Mei Mei visited her aunt’s in the USA．Her cousin, Tim, was very happy to meet her. But he had little time to play with her because he was busy making money by doing summer jobs. Tim introduced some of his jobs to Mei Mei. 9:00 a.m. - dog walking If you are a pet lover, there is no better job than a dog walker. You can not only play with lovely pets, but also earn some extra money. Plus, there are many families with dogs and your four-legged clients can be found everywhere. 10:00 a.m. - lawn mowing (修剪草坪) If a homeowner is on vacation for a whole summer, he will need someone to mow the lawn. You can always charge anywhere from $10 to $40 per metre according to the size of the lawn. It’ll really make you a rich person among your friends. 4:00p.m. - babysitting (临时保姆) Parents need babysitters when they go for date nights and other social activities. Since you know the games kids enjoy, you can stop the babies from crying by teaching them these interesting things. 16．Why did Tim have little time to play with MeiMei? 17．How many jobs did Tim introduce to MeiMei? 18．Can dog walkers earn extra money while playing with the dogs? 19．When do parents need babysitters? 20．What do you think of summer jobs? 【答案】16．Because he was busy making money by doing summer jobs. 17．Three. 18．Yes, they can. 19．When they go for date nights and other social activities. 20．They are interesting. (Any reasonable answer is ok.) 【导语】本文主要介绍了Tim在暑假期间忙于做兼职工作，因此没有太多时间陪MeiMei玩，并介绍了他的三份兼职工作：遛狗、修剪草坪和临时保姆。 16．根据“But he had little time to play with her because he was busy making money by doing summer jobs.”可知，Tim没有时间陪MeiMei是因为他忙于做兼职赚钱。故填Because he was busy making money by doing summer jobs. 17．根据文中提到的三份工作：9:00 a.m. - dog walking，10:00 a.m. - lawn mowing，4:00 p.m. - babysitting，可知Tim向MeiMei介绍了三份工作。故填Three. 18．根据“You can not only play with lovely pets, but also earn some extra money.”可知，遛狗者可以在和狗玩耍的同时赚取额外的钱。故填Yes, they can. 19．根据“Parents need babysitters when they go for date nights and other social activities.”可知，父母在约会夜和其他社交活动时需要临时保姆。故填When they go for date nights and other social activities. 20．开放性问题。根据文中对三份兼职工作的描述，可以得出暑假兼职工作是有趣的（或其他合理的回答）。故填They are interesting. (Any reasonable answer is ok.) 【培优提升】 一、选择题 1．Look! Our class is playing a game against Class A _______ the basketball court. A．in B．at C．on D．around 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！我们班正在篮球场上和A班比赛。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；at在……；on在……上；around在……周围。on the basketball court“在篮球场”。故选C。 2．The old man likes sitting ________ some children to tell interesting stories when he is free. A．between B．among C．through D．across 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老人有空时喜欢坐在孩子们中间讲有趣的故事。 考查介词辨析。between在两者之间；among在三者以上之中；through通过；across横穿。根据“The old man likes sitting ... some children to tell interesting stories when he is free.”可知在一些孩子中坐着讲故事，用among。故选B。 3．Shall we go to Wanda Cinema ________ Tuesday? A．to B．on C．at D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们可以星期二去万达影院吗？ 考查介词辨析。to到；on后接具体一天；at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节。Tuesday是具体的一天，介词用on，故选B。 4．My birthday party is ________ three this afternoon. A．on B．in C．of D．at 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的生日派对在下午三点。 考查介词。on接具体某天；in接月份，季节；of……的；at接钟点时间。根据横线后是钟点，所以应是at接钟点时间。故选D。 5．As students, we can save paper ________ on both sides of the paper. A．by write B．by writing C．on writing D．with write 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为学生，我们可以通过在纸的两面写字来节约纸张。 考查介词辨析。by通过；on在……上面；with和；write写。根据句意可知，此处指通过在纸的两面写字来节约纸张，“by doing”“通过做某事”，介词后接动名词。故选B。 6．He may become an astronaut ________. A．in 15 year’s time B．after 15 year’s time C．in 15 years’ time D．after 15 years’ time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他可能在15年后成为一名宇航员。 考查复数名词所有格和介词短语。“15年的时间”是15 years’ time，选项A和B错误。in 15 years’ time 和after 15 years’ time意为“15年后”，“in +一段时间”通常指从现在起再过这段时间，表示将来的概念；“after+时间段”表达过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子。由“He may become an astronaut”可知，表示将来发生的事，用in 15 years’ time，故选C。 7．Do you like the trousers ________ the red belt? A．for B．by C．in D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你喜欢这条带红色腰带的裤子吗？ 考查介词辨析。for给，对于，为了；by靠近，在……旁边，通过；in在里面；with有，和，用。根据“the trousers…the red belt”可知with“带有，具有”符合题意，指带有红色腰带的裤子。故选D。 8．He will come to Shanghai ________ early May. A．about B．in C．at D．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他将于五月初来上海。 考查介词辨析。about关于；in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；at其后加时刻；on其后加星期或具体的时间。May是月份，用in。故选B。 9．I have to go to bed ________ 10: 00 every night. I can’t go to bed too late. A．after B．before C．in D．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我必须每天晚上10点前上床睡觉。我不能睡得太晚。 考查介词辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；in后跟年月季节等时间；on后跟具体到某一天的时间。根据“have to go to bed...10: 00 every night”和“I can’t go to bed too late.”可知，是在10点前睡觉，故选B。 10．—Were you born ________ May? —Yes, I was born ________ 25th May. A．in; on B．in; in C．on; in D．on; on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你是五月出生的吗？——是的，我出生于5月25日。 考查时间介词。in用于年/月/季节或泛指的某一天的上午、下午和晚上前；on用于具体的某一天或者具体某一天的上/下午/晚上。根据第一个空后面是”May”可知，指的是具体的某一个月，要用in；根据第二个空后面是”25th May”可知，指的是具体的某一天，要用on。故选A。 二、任务型阅读 Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题。） National day is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country. Different countries have their own ways of celebration. China October 1st is China’s National Day. There are different kinds of celebration activities around the country, like colorful art shows, themed exhibitions (主题展览) and so on. There is also a flag-raising ceremony (典礼) at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing. The Five-starred Red Flag rises slowly to the national anthem (国歌). Everyone in the square thinks it is exciting. The United Kingdom The National Day of the United Kingdom is on the second Saturday in June every year. It is the birthday of the queen (皇后). On this day, there will be many celebration activities in London. Visitors can enjoy listening to music and watching dancing shows on the streets. Serbia Serbia’s National Day is on February 15th. People take part in many celebration activities this day to celebrate the birth of their country. They watch art shows, join in the football matches or other activities. There is a great friendship between China and Serbia, so Serbia also has cultural exchange (文化交流) activities between two countries. 11．What is national day? 12．What do people think of the flag-raising ceremony in the square? 13．When is the National Day of the United Kingdom? 14．Why does Serbia have cultural exchange activities? 15．What do all countries have to celebrate their National Day? Why is it important to celebrate the National Day? 【答案】11．It is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country. 12．People think it is exciting. 13．It is on the second Saturday in June every year. 14．Because there is a great friendship between China and Serbia. 15．All countries hold different kinds of celebration activities to celebrate their National Day. It is important to celebrate the National Day because it marks the birth of the nation and shows national pride. 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个国家庆祝国庆节的活动。 11．根据“National day is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country.”可知，国庆节是庆祝一个国家诞生的特殊日子，故填It is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country. 12．根据“Everyone in the square thinks it is exciting.”可知，人们认为这是令人激动的，故填People think it is exciting. 13．根据“The National Day of the United Kingdom is on the second Saturday in June every year.”可知，英国的国庆节是在每年6月的第二个星期六，故填It is on the second Saturday in June every year. 14．根据“There is a great friendship between China and Serbia, so Serbia also has cultural exchange (文化交流) activities between two countries.”可知，因为中国和塞尔维亚之间有着深厚的友谊，故填Because there is a great friendship between China and Serbia. 15．根据“National day is a special day to celebrate the birth of a country. Different countries have their own ways of celebration.”可知，用各种不同的活动来庆祝国庆节，庆祝国庆日很重要，因为它标志着国家的诞生并展示了民族自豪感，故填All countries hold different kinds of celebration activities to celebrate their National Day. It is important to celebrate the National Day because it marks the birth of the nation and shows national pride. 三、完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage.(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) James and Jennifer were driving from Nevada to Idaho with their five-month-old son. Shortly after their leaving home it began to snow. The snow was soon so 16 that it became a blizzard (暴风雪). The blizzard went on for many hours. By the time it was over, there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road and it was 17 to drive. They looked around for a house to stay in, but they could see nothing. They looked for another 18 but there wasn’t one to travel on. They had to stay where they were. They stayed there for five days. They had very little to eat or drink. They ate some cookies they had in the car, and they even had snow for water. Jennifer was able to feed her baby herself. After five days , they knew they could no longer stay in their car. James made a large 19 in the snow for Jennifer and the baby to stay in, and he started the long walk to get help. In 22 hours he walked over 45 kilometers. At last he got to the town of Vya. James was very tired and could not even speak, but he was able to tell the people in the town 20 Jennifer and his son were. The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby. When they found them, the baby was crying loudly. They took them to hospital, where the doctors looked after them. Many people thought it was a miracle (奇迹) that the family didn’t die in such a blizzard. 16．A．thin B．strong C．cold D．white 17．A．safe B．quick C．dangerous D．easy 18．A．town B．person C．street D．road 19．A．house B．hole C．snowman D．home 20．A．how B．what C．where D．that 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文讲述了詹姆斯和詹妮弗带着他们五个月大的儿子在路上遭遇暴风雪，他们在雪里待了五天，然后詹姆斯长途爬涉去寻找求援，最后一家人都活了下来的故事。 【详解】16．句意：雪很快就下得很大，变成了暴风雪。 thin瘦；strong强壮的，大量的；cold寒冷的；white白色的。根据“it became a blizzard (暴风雪)”可知，雪下得很大，strong符合语境。故选B。 17．句意：直到它结束的时候，路上有大约1.5米深的雪，开车很危险。 safe安全的；quick迅速的；dangerous危险的；easy容易的。根据“there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road”可知，道路积雪厚，开车是危险的。故选C。 18．句意：他们寻找另一条路，但是没有一个人在继续旅行。 town镇；person人；street街道；road大路。根据“there wasn’t one to travel on”可知，暴风雪中，他们想找到另外一条路，但是没有人在走路，所以找不到。故选D。 19．句意：詹姆斯在雪地上挖了一个大洞，让詹妮弗和孩子待在里面，然后他开始长途跋涉去寻求帮助。 house房子；hole洞；snowman雪人；home家。根据“for Jennifer and the baby to stay in”可知，在雪中挖了一个大洞，让妻子和孩子在里面待着，故选B。 20．句意：詹姆斯很累，甚至说不出话来，但他能告诉镇上的人詹妮弗和他儿子在哪里。 how如何；what什么；where哪里；that那个。根据“The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby”说明詹姆斯告诉了镇子里的人他的妻子和孩子的位置，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $