江苏南京市栖霞区名校联盟2025-2026学年八年级下学期6月期末英语试题

**基本信息** 以中国红十字会、地球日、《礼记》等真实情境为载体，融合文化传承与社会热点，全面考查八年级学生语言运用与跨文化理解能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项填空|15/15|时态、被动语态、固定搭配|依托《礼记》选段考查传统文化词汇，如“polite”“sign”| |阅读理解|15/15|应用文、记叙文、科普文|北极光科普文渗透科学思维，传统插花任务型阅读强化文化认同| |写作|1/15|观点表达、逻辑组织|以“课间十分钟”为主题，要求结合生活实际提建议，培养语言输出与思维品质|

八年级期末测试 2026.6 一、单项填空（每小题1分，共15分） The Red Cross Society of China is a leading charity organization in China. It 1 in 1904 and has a long history of helping people in need. It helps people affected by wars, natural disasters, illnesses and other 2 . It provides food, clothes and medicine for the homeless and poor. It also offers first aid training and helps look after 3 people in need. Many volunteers 4 part in all kinds of activities every year. Since it was built, it 5 millions of lives. It hopes more people will support it and help make our world much warmer. 1．A．found B．was found C．set up D．was set up 2．A．difficulties B．feelings C．competitions D．interviews 3．A．silly B．weak C．strict D．lucky 4．A．take B．takes C．took D．have taken 5．A．saves B．saved C．has saved D．will save Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 every year. It 6 us to care about our planet. On this day, people have different activities to protect the environment. Some plant trees, some clean up parks, and others give talks about going green. This year, our school will organize a special event. New posters 7 in the hall. Students will be asked to 8 their old books instead of throwing them away. Teachers will tell us how to 9 energy at home. If we all make a difference on Earth Day, our world 10 much better in the future. 6．A．makes B．reminds C．remembers D．suggests 7．A．put on B．will be put up C．set off D．will be set off 8．A．reuse B．reduce C．produce D．protect 9．A．waste B．save C．pollute D．create 10．A．become B．will become C．will be become D．became The Book of Rites is an ancient Chinese classic that tells us about manners, etiquette and proper behavior. It has a long history and 11 an important role in shaping Chinese culture. For junior high school students, it is not 12 difficult to understand its basic ideas, which are closely related to our daily life. The book teaches us to respect the old and care for the young. It also teaches us to be 13 to others and keep our promises. When we communicate with people, we should avoid 14 impolite words and try to be kind to everyone. We should also learn to put others first and think more about their feelings. Many people today still follow the teachings of The Book of Rites. It reminds us that good manners are not only a 15 of kindness but also a way to build good relationships. By learning from this classic, we can become better people and make our society more harmonious and peaceful. 11．A．plays B．takes C．makes D．does 12．A．enough B．so C．such D．much 13．A．rude B．strict C．polite D．confident 14．A．speaking B．saying C．telling D．talking 15．A．sign B．right C．reply D．title 二、完型填空（每小题1分，共10分） Friendship is a close bond（关系）between two or more people. Friendships are built on trust, respect, and shared 16 and experiences, but it’s not always easy to develop or keep friendships. You should understand the importance of social connection in your life and 17 you can do to develop lifelong friendships. Good friends are always there for you—they’re the ones you can 18 , no matter what. Friends are an important part of life, and they can have a big influence on your happiness. Research has even shown that adults with 19 social connections have a reduced risk（风险）of many health problems, including high blood pressure and depression. 20 , studies have found that older people who have meaningful relationships and social support are likely to live longer than the others with fewer connections. So it’s 21 that friendships are good for your body and mind. Many people find it hard to develop new friendships or keep friendships. Friendships are thought to be less important than things like work,education,or caring for children or parents. You and your friends may have become 22 because of changes in your lives or interests. Or maybe you've moved away. There are plenty of ways to make new friends. To 23 new people who might become your friends, you have to go to places where others are gathered. The more your efforts, the greater your possible 24 . You could join a club or organization connected with one of your interests, or volunteer for a cause that you’re excited about. You could also 25 go to your neighbours, and invite them to have fun together. Whatever situation you face, don’t be afraid to make some new friends. It’s worth it—we promise! 16．A．abilities B．interests C．gifts D．moods 17．A．how B．when C．why D．what 18．A．carry on B．take on C．depend on D．hold on 19．A．close B．common C．boring D．weak 20．A．Instead B．However C．In all D．In fact 21．A．clear B．proper C．necessary D．basic 22．A．deep B．strange C．awful D．pleasant 23．A．admire B．notice C．meet D．mention 24．A．success B．attention C．care D．support 25．A．mainly B．nearly C．finally D．simply 三、阅读理解（每小题1分，共15分） Save The EarthArt Competition Organized by the Green Club We are living on planet Earth and it is our only home, so it is up to us to take care of it! Let’s recycle and keep our Earth green ! *Create a picture using recycled materials. *The theme is “Save the Earth”. *Attractive prizes to be won. *Each winner will also receive a trophy for his or her class. *Winning entries (作品) will be put up for exhibition in the school hall. Rules *Entries must be sent to Katerina, the teacher-in-charge, no later than May 31*. *Your picture must be original (原创的), and you have to use recycled materials for your creation. More information about the rules and regulations is available at www. artcompetition. com If you hove any questions, please contact Winnie at 86478027.Prizes provided by the Parents’ Support Group 26．Where can people enjoy the winning entries? A．On the website. B．In the school hall. C．In the classroom. D．At Winnie’s home. 27．Why are exclamation marks(“！”) used in the poster? A．To surprise the readers. B．To express the writer’s happiness. C．To make the poster easier to read. D．To show the writer’s strong feelings 28．What is the main purpose of this poster? A．To invite parents to support the event B．To attract students to the Art Competition. C．To introduce a new form of art to students D．To teach students how to recycle materials Jack Jackson was a normal boy who liked playing baseball with his friends. Not many people knew that his big brother was Ernie Jackson, the famous reporter for the Calgary Times. One Saturday, Ernie told Jack that he was investigating (调查) a very difficult case and that he was worried he couldn’t solve it. The case was about Modeline Mulrooney, the richest woman in Calgary. Her diamond ring was missing. “She thinks her swimming coach took it,” Ernie said. “However, he says he hasn’t stolen anything. I’m not sure who to believe.” “I’ll help you,” said Jack. “Let’s interview Mrs. Mulrooney together.” The brothers went to Mrs. Mulrooney’s home. Mrs. Mulrooney explained what happened. She said that she always put her ring on the coffee table before she swam in her pool. “The water in the pool isn’t good for my ring, and it also dries my skin,” she said. “I always put on hand cream and wear cotton gloves to bed.” “Where are the gloves now?” Jack asked. “I throw them away each morning,” she said, pointing to a rubbish bin. Jack rushed over to the bin. He searched through it and pulled out many gloves. Carefully, he felt each one, and then he smiled. “Your ring is right here,” said Jack. “The cream was slippery, so your ring came off with this glove. You only noticed it after swimming.” “You solved the case?” shouted Ernie. “You’re my hero!” said Mrs. Mulrooney. The next day, the headline of the Calgary Times read, “Young Reporter Discovers Missing Diamond!” Jack celebrated by playing baseball with his friends. However, he wondered if there were any more cases to solve. 29．Why did Mrs. Mulrooney take off her ring before swimming? A．She was afraid to lose her ring. B．The coach warned her not to wear it. C．She planned to put it with her gloves. D．The water might do harm to her ring. 30．What does “slippery” mean in this story? A．Dry and very hard to move. B．Heavy and thick, like the glue. C．Smooth and easy to fall off. D．Shiny and bright, like a diamond. 31．What’s the CORRECT order of the story? ① The woman went swimming as usual. ② Jack asked the woman about her daily habit. ③ Jack learned about the case from his brother. ④ The woman wore gloves before going to bed. A．①-④-②-③ B．③-②-①-④ C．①-④-③-② D．③-②-④-① 32．What’s the best title for the story? A．A Stolen Diamond Ring B．A Careful Clue Finder C．A Guilty Swimming Coach D．A Boy’s Lucky Discovery There are many problems that young people have to face when we stop being children. At this age all feelings and emotions are very strong. All problems seem very important. The first terrible thing is misunderstanding from the dearest people—parents. They do not understand why we need to buy things we want to buy, listen to this type of music or spend most of our spare time with our friends. We do not want to hurt their feelings but they should try to understand us. The same misunderstanding we face sometimes comes from the side of the teachers. They think that youth is given for studying. But a person who only studies is dull (无趣的). Some teachers do not understand that youth is the time for us to learn about people and about ourselves, to play and to try things. They try to keep us away from all dangers in our lives. But teenagers need adults to take them seriously and give them a friendly hand, not a punishment. ▲ I think, young people need to have pocket money for buying books, pens, ice-cream and so on. But I do not think it is a good idea to ask parents to give me some money. If I find a part-time job, they will say it distracts (使分心) me from studies. If I ask for money, they say they spend too much on my school, clothes and other things. Sometimes the problem of fashion appears. My parents try to buy me clothes to their taste. Sometimes that’s all right, but sometimes I want something more fashionable, especially for summer. Then we can argue (争吵) for hours. It is interesting that in the question of clothes, my mother is on my side, but in the question of books and music, my father supports me. Being young is not easy, but it is an important time to learn and grow. Problems like these may feel big now, but they also help us understand ourselves better. If we can talk with adults honestly, find good friends who support us, and be true to who we are, we will get through these years smoothly. Remember, all these experiences—the good and the hard—are preparing us for the future ahead. 33．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A．The problem of money is important as well. B．A part-time job is another common problem. C．It’s hard for us to ask parents for some money. D．Saving money is a necessary skill for the future. 34．Which sentence would the writer keep in his diary? A．I am too busy to take part-time jobs. B．I like my parents to buy clothes for me. C．I want to make more choices by myself. D．I hope my teachers help me with my study. 35．How is the passage organized? A．Time order. B．Space order. C．From specific to general. D．From general to specific. 36．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To show youth is even better than adulthood. B．To encourage teenagers to take on challenges. C．To advise teenagers to face problems bravely. D．To guide teenagers to deal with their daily needs. What do you think causes the northern lights? Many years ago, people who saw waves of colour dance across the sky at night were afraid. Some people made up stories to explain what today is known as the northern lights, or aurora borealis (北极光). The sun gives off particles (粒子) filled with energy. Large groups of these particles travel together. They are called solar wind. They travel through space at hundreds of miles per second. Even at that speed, it still takes several days to reach Earth. When the solar wind gets close to Earth, it moves toward the North Pole and the South Pole. These particles enter the atmosphere (大气层) near the poles. They run into gases in the atmosphere. The energy that is made in that crash creates lights. When lots of these crashes happen, northern lights can be seen from Earth. Northern lights are harmless, but they can be frightening if you don’t know what they are. As far as scientists can tell, the northern lights do not make any sounds that people can hear. However, if you live where the northern lights appear, you might notice problems with your radio or cell phone when the lights are strong, because the activity messes with the signals (信号) in the atmosphere. The northern lights are amazing, especially the first time you see them. Even at the highest latitudes (纬度), the lowest part of the lights is about 60 miles above Earth. They can reach up to 600 miles into the atmosphere. Imagine what a light show you would see if you were an astronaut looking down on the northern lights from space. 37．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A travel guide. B．A story book. C．A news report. D．A science magazine. 38．How are the northern lights formed? A．Solar wind hits air gases. B．Sun sends out energy particles. C．Particles travel fast in space. D．Particles move to Earth’s poles. 39．What problem may the northern lights bring? A．They may use up energy high above Earth. B．They may cause trouble for cell phone signals. C．They may harm the people living near the poles. D．They may stop astronauts from seeing Earth clearly. 40．How does the writer organize the information in the passage? A．By comparing past and present views. B．By describing problems and solutions. C．By telling stories from different cultures. D．By explaining causes and effects step by step. 四、填空（每小题1分，共15分） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使短文内容完整正确。 sounds  instrument  produce  make noise  comes from Humans have made music much longer than they have written about it. The oldest known 41 in the world is a 35, 000-year-old flute. Its sound 42 moving air passing through it. Some of these flutes have a special mouthpiece, while others have holes or buttons to change the air path and create different tunes. String instruments use strings of different thickness and length to 43 different notes. You can play them by moving fingers on the strings or using a bow (弓) , and their body shapes also help make the 44 richer. Percussion instruments (打击乐器) 45 when you hit or shake them. Empty spaces inside these instruments can make the sound louder. Both drums and pianos are percussion instruments—pressing piano keys makes small hammers inside hit the strings to create music. 根据括号中所给的汉语或音标写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 Disney’s Zootopia 2, 46 (执导) by Jared Bush and Byron Howard, is a huge hit in China, and the story brings back Judy and Nick for a new adventure. This time, a newcomer named Gary, a sharp-eyed snake, arrives in the animal city. When something strange happens in Zootopia, Judy and Nick are supposed to be the ones who did it. But that is not the 47 (事实). To clear their names, they will 48 ([ˈprɒbəbli]) need to work with Gary together. They must find out who is causing the trouble. The movie itself goes 49 humour and warmth. Once again, the film industry shows its charm to 50 (创造) stories that are both interesting and meaningful for all ages. 请根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 Gulou, one of the most attractive districts in Nanjing, sits in the 51 (center) part of the city. The Drum Tower is a symbol of the city’s long history, and it 52 (witness) hundreds of years of changes so far. Both local people and tourists think 53 (high) of this area, because it has many well-preserved old sites and busy shopping streets. Gulou District is a good choice for tourists to feel the city’s special charm. Visitors here often have 54 (difficult) deciding which tourist attraction to visit first, since each corner has its own interesting story to share. The 55 (true) is that Gulou’s beauty doesn’t only come from its old buildings, but also from the warm daily scenes on every street corner. 五、首字母填空（每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词 China’s National Games are the country’s top sports events. They are s 56 to the Olympic Games. The games let athletes from all over China show their skills and compete (竞争) at the highest l 57 in their own country. They take place every four years and have become an important part of China’s sports culture. Marking the b 58 of a new era (时代) in Chinese sports, the first National Games held in 1959 were highly thought of. Beijing, the host city, provided a good e 59 for later games. Over the years, the games have grown—more sports and events have been added. Like the Olympics, the athletes represent their areas. They are top f 60 who work hard to win the games. Full of challenges and excitement, the games will make people p 61 of their areas. China’s National Games generally have National Games, National Winter Games and National Youth Games. They can be s 62 into types such as water sports, running, ball games and so on. Each type has many events, so athletes can compete in b 63 single and team sports. The National Games are very important for China’s sports p 64 . They help find and train young talented athletes, pushing the standard of Chinese sports higher. What’s more, the games make sports more popular at home. More people will be e 65 to do sports. Moreover, they improve connections between different areas. 五、任务型阅读（每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并回答两个问题。 What is this? Japanese ikebana (花道)? In fact, it’s Chinese traditional flower arrangement. They seem similar, but actually differ. Recalling experiences in flower arrangement competitions abroad, Zhang Yan, a master and an inheritor (传承人) of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, said her works were often mistaken for ikebana. Zhang sighed, “We need more publicity on Chinese traditional flower arrangement.” Zhang hopes to do her part to introduce the art form. Inheritance from history The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement has been handed down since 1046 BC． Historical records show it has served as offerings at temples, decorations in the palaces and art at homes. “Though it has a history of more than 3,000 years, the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets (花束) in flower shops,” Zhang said. Because of that, Zhang began to study historical records on flower arrangement in China. “If people are familiar with the history of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, they would definitely feel proud of its centuries-old history, and think about why it’s not as well-known as ikebana, and find ways to give it a new life.” In 2008, Chinese traditional flower arrangement was included in the second batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage (国家非物质文化遗产). To Zhang, it is the art form’s rich historical meaning that makes it heritage, and this national acceptance leads to more public understanding. The future Today, more and more people are learning Chinese traditional flower arrangement, not just professional florists (花艺师) but also those who take it as a hobby, even little kids. “I hope we can continue to hold an ability to appreciate the beauty in our life,” Zhang added. Chinese traditional flower arrangement is not only a decoration, but can also serve as a form of therapy for modern busy bees. “Different from its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement highlights simplicity,” Zhang said. The arranger must decide on what is truly necessary in his or her work and remove the rest. Sometimes learners are moved to tears because they begin to think what is truly necessary in their life. “Today’s people often take no notice of the really important things in life,” said Zhang. The healing (治愈的) effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger finally understands what they truly need. In Zhang’s view, Chinese traditional flower arrangement can give us more besides its healing effects, and the key lies in the exploration of traditional Chinese culture. “It comes from traditional Chinese culture, and it is part of it,” Zhang argued. “Only when it absorbs nutrition (营养) from traditional Chinese culture can it bloom and be world-known.” “Our mission (使命) is to develop and inherit traditional Chinese culture,” Zhang added. Chinese traditional flower arrangement Situation Although it has a long history, Chinese traditional flower arrangement is easily 66 for ikebana as the world doesn’t know it well. Inheritance from history The causes and 67 of learning about its history The flower arrangement only 68 in the form of bouquets in flower shops. People may feel proud and find ways to give it a new life. Acceptance as heritage The art form becomes a heritage because of its rich historical meaning, and the national acceptance helps the public 69 better. The future More publicity More people are interested in Chinese traditional flower arrangement. They regard it as either a 70 or just a hobby. Either way. It helps us find the beauty in life. Highlight Different from its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement 71 out to be simple. Healing effects It can heal people by helping them find out what they truly 72 . What 73 to Zhang is to search for traditional Chinese culture. Your voiceBesides being a decoration, what can Chinese traditional flower arrangement do for modern busy people according to the passage? 74 How can we make Chinese traditional flower arrangement more popular? (At least 15 words) 75 六、写作（满分15分） 76．劳逸结合，方能游刃有余。课间十分钟对学生来说是宝贵的。请根据学校的征文要求，写一篇英语短文。 Now, more and more students are busy studying all day long. This week we want you to have your say about the ten-minute break. ●Why is it necessary to have the break? ●What do you and your classmates do during the break? ●What is your good advice on planning the break? 注意: 1. 内容涵盖所有要点，全文连贯通顺； 2. 词数 80 左右； 3. 文中不得提及个人真实身份，如校名、人名等。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 八年级期末测试 2026.6 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D A B A C B B A B B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A B C B A B D C A D 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A B C A D B D B D C 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 C B A C D C D A B D 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国红十字会的成立时间、援助对象、服务内容以及志愿者的参与情况。 【详解】1．句意：它成立于1904年，有着帮助有需要的人的悠久历史。 根据第二句“It ______ in 1904”可知，红十字会是被建立的，应用被动语态。选项D“was set up”意为“被成立”，符合语境。 2．句意：它帮助受战争、自然灾害、疾病和其他困难影响的人们。 根据第三句“help people affected by wars, natural disasters, illnesses and other ______”可知，此处应填与前面并列的负面情况。选项A“difficulties”意为“困难”，符合语境。 3．句意：它还提供急救培训，并帮助照顾有需要的弱者。 根据第四句“help look after ______ people in need”可知，红十字会帮助的是“虚弱的”人。选项B“weak”意为“虚弱的”，符合语境。 4．句意：每年有许多志愿者参加它的各种活动。 根据第五句“Many volunteers ______ part in its all kinds of activities every year”可知，描述经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语volunteers是复数。选项A“take”是动词原形，符合。 5．句意：自成立以来，它已经拯救了数百万人的生命。 根据第六句“Since it was built, it ______ millions of lives”可知，“since+过去时”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了地球日的日期、意义以及人们在这一天保护环境的各种活动，并提到学校今年将举办特别活动来鼓励学生参与环保。 【详解】6．句意：它提醒我们要关心我们的星球。 根据上下文，地球日的意义是“提醒”人们关爱地球，应选用reminds。makes“使”，remembers“记得”，suggests“建议”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：大厅里将会张贴新的海报。 根据上文“This year, our school will organize a special event.”，以及环保活动的语境，学校为地球日做准备需要在墙上“张贴”海报来宣传和提醒大家参与，put up表示“张贴”。主语New posters与动词短语put up之间为被动关系，且时间状语This year提示时态是一般将来时，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be put up。put on“穿上”，set off“出发/使爆炸”，will be set off“将被引爆”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：学生们将被要求重复使用旧书，而不是把它们扔掉。 根据下文“instead of throwing them away”，可知是鼓励“重复使用”旧书，应选用reuse。reduce“减少”，produce“生产”，protect“保护”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：老师会告诉我们如何在家里节约能源。 根据环保主题，以及下文“make a difference”，可知是“节约”能源，应选用save。waste“浪费”，pollute“污染”，create“创造”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：如果我们都在地球日做出改变，我们的世界未来会变得更加美好。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，应选用will become。become为原形，will be become语法错误（become无被动），became为过去式，均不符合。 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文介绍中国古代经典《礼记》的内容及其对塑造中国文化、指导日常行为的重要意义。 【详解】11．句意：它历史悠久，并在塑造中国文化中扮演重要角色。 “play an important role”为固定搭配，表示“扮演重要角色”。应选用plays。takes“拿”、makes“制作”、does“做”，均不正确。 12．句意：对于初中生来说，理解其基本思想并不是那么难。 “not so+形容词”为固定结构，表示“不那么……”。应选用so，修饰difficult，意为“不那么难”。enough常后置，结构为“not+形容词+enough”；such后接名词短语；much修饰比较级；均不符合。 13．句意：它也教导我们对他人有礼貌并信守承诺。 根据上下文，尊重、关心、有礼貌、守信。应选用polite，表示“礼貌的”。rude“粗鲁的”、strict“严格的”、confident“自信的”，均不符合。 14．句意：当我们与人交流时，我们应该避免说不礼貌的话。 “say impolite words”表示“说出不礼貌的话”。say后面接说的具体内容（impolite words），故应用saying。speaking接语言，telling接故事或告诉某人，talking交谈，均不直接接“words”。 15．句意：它提醒我们，良好的举止不仅是善意的标志，也是建立良好关系的方式。 “a sign of”表示“……的标志”。应选用sign，表示“标志”。right“权利”、reply“回复”、title“标题”，均不合理。 16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了朋友。 【详解】16．句意：友谊是建立在信任、尊重、共同的兴趣和经历之上的，但发展或保持友谊并不总是那么容易。 abilities能力；interests兴趣；gifts礼物；moods心情。由本句experience可知，此处表示“共同的经历”，本空和experience并列，此处表示“共同的兴趣和经历”。故选B。 17．句意：你应该明白社会关系在你生活中的重要性，以及你能做些什么来发展终身的友谊。 how怎样；when当……时候；why为什么；what什么。此处引导宾语从句，由“you can do”可知，此处表示“你能做的事情”。故选D。 18．句意：好朋友总是在你身边，他们是你可以依靠的人，无论发生什么。 carry on继续；take on接受；depend on依靠；hold on坚持。根据“ Good friends are always there for you”可知，朋友永远在你身边，是你可以依靠的人。故选C。 19．句意：研究甚至表明，有密切社会关系的成年人患许多健康问题的风险更低，包括高血压和抑郁症。 close紧密的；common普遍的；boring无聊的；weak虚弱的。由上句“Friends are an important part of life, and they can have a big influence on your happiness.”可知，朋友对幸福有很大的影响，此处表示“亲密的朋友”。故选A。 20．句意：事实上，研究发现，拥有有意义的人际关系和社会支持的老年人可能比那些人际关系较少的人活得更长。 Instead代替；However然而；In all非常；In fact事实上。由下句“studies have found”可知，此处表示研究结果，这里用“事实上”，引出研究结果。故选D。 21．句意：所以很明显，友谊对你的身心都有好处。 clear清晰的；proper合适的；necessary必要的；basic基本的。由上句“likely to live longer than the others with fewer connections.”可知，此处表示友谊对身心的好处，这里表示“明显的是”。故选A。 22．句意：你和你的朋友可能因为生活或兴趣的变化而变得陌生。 deep深的；strange陌生的；awful糟糕的；pleasant愉悦的。由下句“because of changes in your lives or interests. Or maybe you've moved away.”可知，由于生活或兴趣的变化或者你已经搬走了，可能友谊会变得比较陌生。故选B。 23．句意：为了结识可能成为你朋友的新朋友，你必须去其他人聚集的地方。 admire钦佩；notice注意；meet遇见；mention提到。由上句“There are plenty of ways to make new friends.”可知，此处表示想要结交新的朋友。故选C。 24．句意：你越努力，你成功的可能性就越大。 success成功；attention注意；care在意；support支持。由下句“You could join a club”可知，此处介绍了交朋友的新方法，此处表示“成功”。故选A。 25．句意：你也可以去找你的邻居，邀请他们一起玩。 mainly主要的；nearly几乎；finally终于；simply仅仅。此处介绍方法，这里表示“去找邻居也是很好的方法”。故选D。 26．B 27．D 28．B 【导语】这是一则由绿色俱乐部组织的“拯救地球”艺术比赛海报，呼吁学生使用回收材料创作主题作品，强调地球是唯一的家园，需共同呵护。海报还介绍了比赛规则、奖品设置及联系方式等信息。 26．细节理解题。根据海报中“Winning entries will be put up for exhibition in the school hall.”可知，获奖作品将在学校大厅展出。故选B。 27．推理判断题。海报中“so it is up to us to take care of it!”、“Let’s recycle and keep our Earth green!” 等句子使用感叹号，结合“地球是唯一家园”的主题，可知是为了表达作者对环保的强烈情感，呼吁人们行动。故选D。 28．主旨大意题。海报围绕“艺术比赛”展开，提及创作要求、奖品、展览等，核心是吸引学生参与比赛。故选B。 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了普通男孩Jack帮助记者哥哥侦破钻石戒指失踪案的故事。通过细心观察和推理，Jack在垃圾桶中找到戒指，最终成为“小侦探”。 29．第五段Mrs. Mulrooney的原话“The water in the pool isn’t good for my ring”直接说明她取下戒指是因为泳池的水可能对戒指造成损害。 30．根据上下文，Mrs. Mulrooney游泳后会涂护手霜并戴手套睡觉，Jack在手套中找到了戒指，因此“slippery”在此处意为“光滑的，容易滑落的”。 31．根据故事脉络，发展顺序为：Mrs. Mulrooney像往常一样去游泳（①），游泳后她戴手套睡觉（④），Jack从哥哥那里得知案件（③），随后Jack开展调查询问她日常习惯（②）。这一顺序符合事件发生的自然逻辑：戒指是在游泳时滑落的，因此“去游泳”和“戴手套”这两个动作先发生；之后Jack才从哥哥那里听说案件，并上门调查询问细节。 32．全文围绕Jack通过细心观察并检查手套找到戒指展开，B项“细心的线索发现者”准确概括了故事核心。 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．C 【导语】本文讲述青少年成长中面临的误解、金钱、时尚等问题，并给出应对建议。 【详解】33．第四段引出话题：“young people need to have pocket money...”，整段围绕金钱问题展开，说明金钱也是重要问题。 34．文中多处表达：“they should try to understand us” “I want something more fashionable”，体现作者希望自己做选择。 35．首段总述青少年面临很多问题，中间分段具体介绍，结尾总结，是从总到分的结构。 36．尾段建议：“If we can talk with adults honestly...we will get through these years smoothly”，鼓励青少年勇敢面对成长问题。 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文介绍北极光的成因、相关现象、影响及外观特点，属于科普知识。 37．全文介绍科学知识，这类内容常出现在科学杂志上。 38．第三段提到“They run into gases in the atmosphere. The energy that is made in that crash creates lights.”，说明太阳风与大气气体碰撞形成北极光。 39．第四段提到“you might notice problems with your radio or cell phone when the lights are strong”，说明北极光会影响手机信号。 40．文章先解释成因，再说明影响，按因果顺序逐步说明。 41．instrument 42．comes from 43．produce 44．sounds 45．make noise 【导语】本文介绍人类音乐的悠久历史，讲解古老乐器、发声原理与不同类型乐器的特点。 41．句意：世界上已知最古老的乐器是一支有35000年历史的笛子。“The oldest known”后需要名词，instrument意为“乐器”，符合语境。 42．句意：它的声音来自流动的空气穿过它。“Its sound”后需要动词短语，comes from意为“来自”，符合句意。 43．句意：弦乐器使用不同粗细和长度的弦来产生不同的音符。“to”后接动词原形，produce意为“产生”，符合搭配。 44．句意：它们的外形也有助于让声音更丰富。“make the”后需要名词，sounds意为“声音”，符合语境。 45．句意：打击乐器在你敲击或摇晃时会发出声响。“Percussion instruments”后需要动词短语，make noise意为“发出声响”，符合文意。 46．directed 47．fact 48．probably 49．beyond 50．create 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电影《疯狂动物城2》的基本信息，包括导演、主要角色和剧情概要，并点明了该系列电影创造有意义故事的魅力。 【详解】46．句意：《疯狂动物城2》由Jared Bush和Byron Howard执导，在中国大获成功。根据汉语提示“执导”及句子结构，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动，direct的过去分词是directed。 47．句意：但那不是事实。根据汉语提示“事实”及定冠词“the”可知，此处需填单数名词，fact意为“事实”，符合句意。 48．句意：为了洗清他们的嫌疑，他们很可能需要和Gary一起合作。根据音标可知，此处需填副词probably，意为“很可能”，在句中作状语。 49．这部电影本身超越了幽默与温暖。此处表示电影所达到的境界“超出、超越”了幽默与温暖，应用介词beyond。 50．句意：电影工业再次展示了它为所有年龄段创作既有趣又有意义的故事的魅力。根据汉语提示“创造”及动词不定式符号to可知，此处需填动词原形，create意为“创造”，符合句意。 51．central 52．has witnessed 53．highly 54．difficulty 55．truth 【导语】本文介绍南京鼓楼区的位置、历史与特色，讲述其兼具历史古迹与生活魅力，是旅游好去处。 51．句意：鼓楼是南京最具吸引力的地区之一，位于市中心。空格后为名词part，需用形容词central修饰。 52．句意：鼓楼是这座城市悠久历史的象征，到目前为止它已经见证了数百年的变迁。标志词so far提示用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为it，助动词用has。 53．句意：当地人和游客都高度评价这个地区。固定搭配think highly of，需用副词修饰动词。 54．句意：这里的游客往往很难决定先去哪个旅游景点，因为每个角落都有自己有趣的故事要分享。固定搭配have difficulty doing，表示“做某事有困难”。 55．句意：事实是鼓楼的美不仅来自古建筑，还来自每个街角温暖的日常景象。空格前有定冠词The，需用名词truth作主语。 56．similar/imilar 57．level/evel 58．beginning/eginning 59．example/xample 60．figures/igures 61．proud/roud 62．separated/eparated 63．both/oth 64．progress/rogress 65．encouraged/ncouraged 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国全运会的赛事地位、发展历史、项目分类以及对中国体育事业发展的重要作用。 【详解】56．句意：它们与奥运会相似。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语；空前“top sports events”与空后“Olympic Games”形成对比，固定搭配be similar to表示“与……相似”，首字母s提示填similar。 57．句意：赛事让全国各地的运动员在国内最高水平展示技艺并参与竞争。该处需一个名词，在句中作介词宾语；空前“at the highest”与空后“compete”搭配表示竞技层面，固定短语at the highest level意为“在最高水平”，首字母l提示填level。 58．句意：这标志着中国体育新时代的开端。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；空前“Marking the”与空后“of a new era”构成固定搭配，the beginning of表示“……的开端”，首字母b提示填beginning。 59．句意：主办城市北京为后来的赛事提供了良好典范。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；空前“provided a good”与空后“for later games”表示示范作用，短语provide a good example意为“树立好榜样”，首字母e提示填example。 60．句意：他们是为赢得比赛而奋力拼搏的顶尖人物。该处需一个名词复数，在句中作表语；空前“top”修饰人物，空后“work hard to win”体现拼搏精神，首字母f提示填figures。 61．句意：赛事充满挑战与激情，会让人们为自己的地区感到自豪。该处需一个形容词，在句中作宾语补足语；空前“make people”与空后“of their areas”构成固定搭配，be proud of表示“为……自豪”，首字母p提示填proud。 62．句意：它们可以被分为水上运动、跑步、球类等类型。该处需一个过去分词，在句中构成被动语态；空前“can be”与空后“into types”表示分类，固定结构be separated into意为“被分成”，首字母s提示填separated。 63．句意：因此运动员既能参加个人项目，也能参加团体项目。该处需一个连词，在句中连接并列结构；空后“single and team sports”为并列名词短语，固定搭配both...and...表示“两者都”，首字母b提示填both。 64．句意：全运会对中国体育发展非常重要。该处需一个名词，在句中作介词宾语；空前“China’s sports”与后文“pushing the standard higher”体现发展提升，sports progress表示“体育发展与进步”，首字母p提示填progress。 65．句意：更多人会被鼓励去参加体育运动。该处需一个过去分词，在句中构成被动语态；空前“will be”与空后“to do sports”表示激励作用，固定结构be encouraged to do sth.意为“被鼓励做某事”，首字母e提示填encouraged。 66．mistaken 67．benefits/advantages 68．exists/appears 69．understand 70．profession/career 71．stands 72．need 73．matters 74．It can serve as a form of therapy./It can heal people. 75．We can hold more exhibitions and classes to introduce its history and beauty, and share it on social media to let more people know about this art form.（开放性试题，答案不唯一） 【导语】本文通过中国传统插花传承人张艳的视角，介绍了中国传统插花艺术的历史渊源、现状、特点及未来展望，强调了其与日本花道的区别以及传承发展的重要性。 66．第二段指出“...said her works were often mistaken for ikebana”，中国传统插花容易被误认为是日本花道，应填mistaken。 67．第四段指出“Because of that, Zhang began to study historical records on flower arrangement in China...”，此处指了解历史的原因和好处。应填benefits/advantages。 68．第四段指出“the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets (花束) in flower shops,”，插花目前仅局限于花店里的花束形式，应填exists/appears。 69．第五段指出“and this national acceptance leads to more public understanding.”，国家的认可帮助公众更好地理解这门艺术，应填understand。 70．第六段指出“Today, more and more people are learning Chinese traditional flower arrangement, not just professional florists (花艺师) but also those who take it as a hobby, even little kids.”，人们将其视为职业，应填profession/career。 71．第八段指出“Different from its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement highlights simplicity,”，中国传统插花的特点是突出简洁，stand out“突出”，此处用单三形式，应填stands。 72．第九段指出“The healing (治愈的) effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger finally understands what they truly need.”，它能帮助人们发现自己真正需要的东西，应填need。 73．第十段指出“and the key lies in the exploration of traditional Chinese culture.”，对张艳来说重要的是对中国传统文化的探索，应填matters。 74．第七段指出“Chinese traditional flower arrangement is not only a decoration, but can also serve as a form of therapy for modern busy bees.”，除了装饰，它还能为现代忙碌的人们起到治疗作用，应填It can serve as a form of therapy./It can heal people. 75．结合文章内容，要让中国传统插花更受欢迎，需要从传统文化中汲取营养并做好传承与发展，开放性试题，答案不唯一。 76．     Only by balancing work and rest can we handle our tasks with ease. The ten-minute break between classes is necessary for students, as it helps us relax our minds and improve focus for the next class. During the break, my classmates and I often chat, do light exercise or walk around to relax our eyes. Some prepare books for the next lesson. My advice is to avoid studying during the break. Choose relaxing activities to refresh yourselves, so you can study better in the following classes. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意]   确定文体：议论文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：说明课间休息的必要性、描述课间的活动、给出合理规划课间的建议 确定人称：第一人称（I/we） 注意事项：词数80左右，不得出现真实身份信息，全文连贯通顺 [第二步：构思布局]   三段式结构： 开头段：点明课间休息的必要性 主体段：描述自己和同学的课间活动 结尾段：给出规划课间的建议 [第三步：要点展开]   要点一：课间休息的必要性 核心词汇：relax our minds（放松大脑）、improve focus（提升专注力） 要点二：课间活动 核心词汇：chat with classmates（和同学聊天）、do light exercise（做轻度运动）、prepare for next class（为下节课做准备） 要点三：规划建议 核心词汇：avoid continuous study（避免持续学习）、refresh ourselves（恢复精力） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $