Unit 5【刷语法】that, which 引导的宾语从句（重点语法提升练）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句核心考点，通过规则系统梳理+分层训练，构建"概念-规则-应用"完整语法体系，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法梳理|5类关系词+5种that特殊用法（配例句）|关系词选用规则（指代/成分）、省略条件、that/which特殊用法|概念→关系词分类→特殊规则→综合应用| |过关检测|单选40题+完成句子10题|先行词匹配法、成分分析法|从基础识别到复杂句式合并，覆盖中考高频考法|

2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 5 A fine balance【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) that, which 引导的宾语从句 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 The girl that has long hair is his sister. 留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 3、关系词的省略： 关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略 如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 4.关系代词只能用that的情况 (1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that 如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember. (2)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that. 如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you? (3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who). 如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used. (4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that. 如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read. (5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that. 如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 5. 关系代词只能用which的情况 (1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/those）修饰 如：I am reading that book which you read yesterday. 我在看你昨天看的那本书 (2)引导词前有介词 如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。 语法过关小测 过关测试满分：60分 时间：40分钟 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共40分) 1．We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools ________ we had visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 2．The most important thing ________ you should do is to be honest. A．which B．what C．that D．who 3．I never forget those days ________ we spent in the primary school together. A．which B．what C．where D．why 4．The place ________ interested me most was Gansu Science and Technology Museum. A．which B．where C．what D．in which 5．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. A．what B．whose C．who D．which 6．All the ideas ________ we shared at the meeting were very useful. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 7．This is the activity ________ we planned for the school art festival. A．what B．who C．which D．where 8．On November 20, people around the world celebrated World Children’s Day,  ________ reminds us play is a right for every child. A．what B．which C．who 9．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．which B．whose C．who 10．Be calm, boys and girls. Reading every question carefully may be the most important thing ________ you should do in the exam. A．that B．which C．who 11．This is the very book ________ I bought in the city library last weekend. A．which B．where C．that 12．—Could you tell me ________ kind of movies you like best? —Umm...I like the movies ________ make me laugh. A．what; which B．what; what C．which; what 13．—This is the most interesting book ________ I’ve read this year. —Really? Then I’ll also read it. A．that B．which C．what D．whom 14．This old photo makes me ________ the people and things ________ we met at college. A．think about; that B．think of; which C．think of; that D．think about; which 15．—Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities ________ I have ever visited. —I have never been there. I’ll visit Guilin this summer if possible. A．who B．that C．what D．when 16．—What kind of movies do you like? —I like movies ________ can cheer me up. A．who B．what C．that 17．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back to the public. A．who B．what C．that 18．The Palace Museum is the only place ________ I’ve ever visited in Beijing. A．who B．where C．that D．which 19．—Do you know the big news ________ surprised the whole country on March 30th, 2026? —Yes! It’s about the successful first flight of the Lijian-2 commercial rocket. A．whom B．when C．that D．where 20．I like music ________ I can dance to. It makes me relaxed. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 21．I really love the after-school activities _________ make our school life more colorful. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 22．—Have you noticed the letter from Mr. Sigmund ________ I put in my desk? —No, I haven’t. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 23．This is the green belt ________ has many tall trees and beautiful flowers. A．whose B．which C．who 24．I’ll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year. A．which B．what C．whom 25．—Why are you so busy these days? —I’m working on a project ________ encourages everyone to recycle. A．which B．what C．who 26．—What happened? —I’ve lost the watch________ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．which 27．—I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the country. —Neither will I. A．which B．on which C．when D．on that 28．Many people love songs ________ can bring back their sweet memories. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 29．—Have you noticed the letter from Mr. Sigmund ________ I put in my desk? —No, I haven’t. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 30．The woman ________ won the first prize in the competition was excellent. A．who B．which C．whose 31．I will never forget the teachers and the classmates ________ gave me so many sweet memories in junior high school. A．who B．what C．which 32．— Do you know the British scientist Jane Goodall, a pioneer in studying animals? — Of course! She spent all her life speaking out for those ________ can’t speak for themselves. A．who B．which C．that D．/ 33．— Is this the first film ________the young actor has acted in? — Yes, it is, but I think it is the best film ________I have ever seen. A．who;who B．that; that C．which; who D．who; which 34．The stories ________ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A．what B．/ C．who D．that 35．Be careful with your information and think critically about everything ________ you see online. A．what B．that C．whose D．where 36．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 37．Playing Go is an activity ________ requires a great deal of concentration and strategic thinking. A．which B．what C．who D．where 38．Helen likes watching TV shows ________ can make her laugh. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 39．The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 40．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 二、完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 41．The building is our school. The building stands by the lake.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 42．I am the only student. I can run faster than Peter.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 43．The habits are good for the earth. We develop these habits in daily life. （用that/which/who合并下列句子） ___________________________________________________________________ 44．This is a factory. It recycles useless plastic. (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 45．The rules help us save energy. They are made by our school.  (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 46．Please bring back the dictionary. I lent you the dictionary last week.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 47．It is a Chinese tradition. We have kept it for thousands of years. (用定语从句改写句子) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 48．The dictionary is my Chinese teacher’s. I borrowed it a week ago. (改写为含有定语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________________ 49．The houses were expensive. They were sold last week. (改写为含有定语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________________ 50．The man will give us a talk. He studies environmental protection. (用that/which/who合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 5 A fine balance【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) that, which 引导的宾语从句 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 The girl that has long hair is his sister. 留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 3、关系词的省略： 关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略 如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 4.关系代词只能用that的情况 (1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that 如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember. (2)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that. 如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you? (3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who). 如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used. (4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that. 如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read. (5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that. 如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 5. 关系代词只能用which的情况 (1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/those）修饰 如：I am reading that book which you read yesterday. 我在看你昨天看的那本书 (2)引导词前有介词 如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。 语法过关小测 过关测试满分：60分 时间：40分钟 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共40分) 1．We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools ________ we had visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们对参观过的老师和学校印象深刻。 which哪一个；who谁；that那个；where哪里。根据先行词“the teachers and schools”既包含人又包含物，定语从句只能用that引导，应填that。 2．The most important thing ________ you should do is to be honest. A．which B．what C．that D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该做的最重要的事情是诚实。 which哪个；what什么；that那个；who谁。先行词是thing，且被最高级the most important修饰。根据语法规则，当先行词被最高级修饰时，定语从句的关系代词常用that不用which。 3．I never forget those days ________ we spent in the primary school together. A．which B．what C．where D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起在小学度过的那些日子。 which哪个/那一个（关系代词，指物）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）；where在哪里（关系副词）；why为什么（关系副词）。根据句意可知，先行词days在定语从句中作spent的宾语，应用关系代词which，故选which。 4．The place ________ interested me most was Gansu Science and Technology Museum. A．which B．where C．what D．in which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：最让我感兴趣的地方是甘肃科技馆。 which哪一个；where在哪里；what什么；in which在……里面（相当于where，作地点状语）。先行词the place是事物，定语从句缺少主语，which可指代事物并充当从句主语，符合语法要求。where与in which只能作状语，what不引导定语从句，均不符合语法要求。 5．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. A．what B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这就是我上周在书店买的那本书。 what什么；whose谁的；who谁；which哪一个。根据先行词“the book”指物可知，引导定语从句应用which。 6．All the ideas ________ we shared at the meeting were very useful. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们在会议上分享的所有想法都十分有用。 先行词被不定代词all修饰，根据规则只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which。 7．This is the activity ________ we planned for the school art festival. A．what B．who C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这就是我们为校园艺术节策划的活动。 what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句，指代人；which引导定语从句，指代事物；where在定语从句中作地点状语。先行词the activity是表示事物的名词，定语从句缺少宾语，需用指代事物的关系词which。 8．On November 20, people around the world celebrated World Children’s Day,  ________ reminds us play is a right for every child. A．what B．which C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：11月20日，世界各地的人们庆祝世界儿童日，这个节日提醒我们玩耍是每个孩子的权利。 what不能引导定语从句；which指代物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句中先行词是“World Children’s Day”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句。 9．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．which B．whose C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友是一个向你伸出手并触动你心灵的人。 先行词a person指人，且定语从句缺少主语。who指代人且可在从句中作主语，符合题意；which只能指代事物，whose表示所属关系，均不符合句子结构。应填who。 10．Be calm, boys and girls. Reading every question carefully may be the most important thing ________ you should do in the exam. A．that B．which C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：冷静点，孩子们。仔细阅读每一个问题可能是你在考试中应该做的最重要的事情。 that指代人或物；which指代物；who指代人。先行词是thing，指物，且被最高级the most important修饰。当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that而不用which。 11．This is the very book ________ I bought in the city library last weekend. A．which B．where C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这正是我上周末在市图书馆买到的那本书。 which哪一个；where在哪里；that那个。先行词“book”指物，在定语从句中作“bought”的宾语，应用关系代词；which和that均可指物，但先行词被“the very”修饰时，常用that引导定语从句；where是关系副词，不能作宾语。 12．—Could you tell me ________ kind of movies you like best? —Umm...I like the movies ________ make me laugh. A．what; which B．what; what C．which; what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你最喜欢什么种类的电影吗？——嗯⋯⋯我喜欢那些让我笑的电影。 第一空询问种类，常用固定搭配what kind of；第二空先行词是the movies指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用which 或that引导，what不能引导定语从句。应填what; which。 13．—This is the most interesting book ________ I’ve read this year. —Really? Then I’ll also read it. A．that B．which C．what D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这是我今年读过的最有趣的书。——真的吗？那我也读一读。   that（指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；which（指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；what（什么，不用于定语从句，引导名词性从句）；whom（指人，在定语从句中作宾语）。先行词“book”指物，且前面有形容词最高级“the most interesting”修饰，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故选用that。 14．This old photo makes me ________ the people and things ________ we met at college. A．think about; that B．think of; which C．think of; that D．think about; which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这张旧照片让我想起了我们在大学遇到的人和事。 think of想起，think about考虑。根据“This old photo”可知是照片引发回忆，第一空应填think of，排除A、D。第二空引导定语从句，先行词“the people and things”既有人又有物，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，排除B。 15．—Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities ________ I have ever visited. —I have never been there. I’ll visit Guilin this summer if possible. A．who B．that C．what D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——桂林是我曾经参观过的最美丽的城市之一。——我从未去过那里。如果可能的话，今年夏天我将去参观桂林。 who谁；that那；what什么；when什么时候。先行词是cities，指物，且被最高级the most beautiful修饰，关系代词应用that。 16．—What kind of movies do you like? —I like movies ________ can cheer me up. A．who B．what C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我喜欢能让我振作起来的电影。 who谁；what什么；that那个。先行词为movies，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，应用that引导。应填that。 17．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back to the public. A．who B．what C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的谈话节目《朗读者》吗？——当然。它是一个把阅读习惯带回大众身边的很棒的电视节目。 who谁（指人）；what什么（不引导定语从句）；that那（指人或物）。先行词是program，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用that或which 引导。应填that。 18．The Palace Museum is the only place ________ I’ve ever visited in Beijing. A．who B．where C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：故宫博物院是我在北京参观过的唯一的地方。 who谁；where哪里；that那个；which哪个。先行词place被the only修饰，且关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，这种情况下规定用that而不用which，应选that。 19．—Do you know the big news ________ surprised the whole country on March 30th, 2026? —Yes! It’s about the successful first flight of the Lijian-2 commercial rocket. A．whom B．when C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道2026年3月30日震惊全国的大新闻吗？——知道！是关于“力箭二号”商业火箭首次成功飞行的消息。 whom谁（指人，在从句中作宾语）；when什么时候（指时间，在从句中作状语）；that那（指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语）；where哪里（指地点，在从句中作状语）。根据题干先行词“the big news”指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，同时无逗号分隔（限制性定语从句），应用关系代词that引导，应填that。 20．I like music ________ I can dance to. It makes me relaxed. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢我能随之跳舞的音乐。它让我放松。 who谁；which哪一个；what什么；whom谁。分析句子结构可知，“I can dance to”是定语从句，先行词是music，指物，关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that。 21．I really love the after-school activities _________ make our school life more colorful. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢那些让我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩的课外活动。 who谁；whose谁的；whom谁，在从句中作宾语；which哪一个。先行词“the after-school activities”指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。 22．—Have you noticed the letter from Mr. Sigmund ________ I put in my desk? —No, I haven’t. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你注意到我放在桌子里的西格蒙德先生的信了吗？——不，我没有。 which哪个（指物）；who谁（指人）；where哪里；whom谁（宾格）。先行词是the letter，指物，且在从句中作宾语，所以用which引导。 23．This is the green belt ________ has many tall trees and beautiful flowers. A．whose B．which C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是有许多高大树木和美丽花朵的绿化带。 whose表示所属关系；which指代物；who指代人。根据先行词“the green belt”指物，且在从句中作主语可知，需用关系代词which引导定语从句，应填which。 24．I’ll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year. A．which B．what C．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们去年一起去过的那个地方。 which指物；what什么；whom指人(宾格)。先行词“place”指物，且在从句中作“visited”的宾语，应用which引导定语从句。 25．—Why are you so busy these days? —I’m working on a project ________ encourages everyone to recycle. A．which B．what C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么你这些天这么忙？——我正在为一个鼓励大家回收利用的项目工作。 which指物；what什么；who指人。先行词是“project”，指物，且从句中缺少主语，因此应使用关系代词“which”来引导定语从句。 26．—What happened? —I’ve lost the watch________ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——发生了什么？——我把爸爸在我生日时给我买的那块手表弄丢了。 what什么；who谁；which哪一个/那个（指物）。定语从句先行词是the watch，指物，且在从句中作 bought的宾语，应用which引导。 27．—I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the country. —Neither will I. A．which B．on which C．when D．on that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记我们在乡下一起度过的那些日子。——我也不会。 which在从句中作宾语；on which在从句中作状语；when在从句中作状语；on that不能引导从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词是“the days”，从句中谓语动词“spent”是及物动词，意为“度过”，后面缺少宾语，因此关系词在从句中作宾语，使用关系代词which。 28．Many people love songs ________ can bring back their sweet memories. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多人喜欢那些能唤起他们甜蜜回忆的歌曲。 who指人，在从句中作主语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。根据先行词“songs”（歌曲，指物）可知，此处应用which引导定语从句，且which在从句中作主语。 29．—Have you noticed the letter from Mr. Sigmund ________ I put in my desk? —No, I haven’t. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你注意到我放在我桌子里的Sigmund先生的信了吗？——不，我没有。 “I put in my desk”作“the letter”的定语，先行词是物，关系代词用which或that。who和whom的先行词是人；where的先行词是地点。 30．The woman ________ won the first prize in the competition was excellent. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那位在比赛中获得一等奖的女士非常优秀。 who谁（指人）；which哪个（指物）；whose谁的（表所属）。先行词是“The woman”，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。应填who。 31．I will never forget the teachers and the classmates ________ gave me so many sweet memories in junior high school. A．who B．what C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记在初中给予我这么多甜蜜回忆的老师和同学们。 who谁；what什么；which哪一个。先行词是“the teachers and the classmates”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。what不能引导定语从句，which指物。应填who。 32．— Do you know the British scientist Jane Goodall, a pioneer in studying animals? — Of course! She spent all her life speaking out for those ________ can’t speak for themselves. A．who B．which C．that D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道英国科学家简·古道尔吗，她是研究动物的先驱？——当然！她毕生都在为那些不能为自己说话的（生命）发声。 who指代人，在定语从句中作主语；which指代事物；that虽可指代人，但先行词为those指代生命体时常用who；关系词在从句作主语不可省略。先行词those指代动物，视作有生命主体，因此选who。 33．— Is this the first film ________the young actor has acted in? — Yes, it is, but I think it is the best film ________I have ever seen. A．who;who B．that; that C．which; who D．who; which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是这位年轻演员演过的第一部电影吗？——是的，但我认为这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。 第一空先行词是film指物，且被序数词the first修饰，关系代词只能用that；第二空先行词是film指物，且被最高级the best修饰，关系代词只能用that。 34．The stories ________ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A．what B．/ C．who D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：马克·吐温写的那些故事往往很幽默。 what什么，不能引导定语从句；；who谁，先行词为人；that关系代词，先行词为人或物。先行词是stories，指物，且在从句中作主语，关系代词在从句中作主语时不可省略，应填that。 35．Be careful with your information and think critically about everything ________ you see online. A．what B．that C．whose D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对你的信息要小心，并且对你在网上看到的每一件事都要批判性地思考。 what什么；that那个，可引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose谁的，引导定语从句时在从句中作定语；where哪里，引导定语从句时在从句中作地点状语。根据句子结构可知，“...you see online”是定语从句，修饰先行词“everything”，且从句中缺少宾语，所以应用关系代词“that”来引导该定语从句。应填that。 36．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。 that指人或物；which指物；who指人；whom指人，作宾语。分析句子可知，“... I have ever seen”是定语从句，先行词movie指物，且被最高级the best修饰，此时引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 37．Playing Go is an activity ________ requires a great deal of concentration and strategic thinking. A．which B．what C．who D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下围棋是一项需要高度集中注意和战略思维的活动。 which哪一个；what什么；who谁；where哪里。先行词“activity”指物，且在从句中作主语，使用which引导。 38．Helen likes watching TV shows ________ can make her laugh. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：海伦喜欢看能让她笑出来的电视节目。 who谁，指人；whose谁的；whom谁，指人；which哪个，指物。先行词“TV shows”指物，且在从句中作主语，应填which。 39．The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：和约翰说话的那个男孩是我哥哥。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是The boy，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，用此处用whom引导定语从句。故选A。 40．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周播出的脱口秀《朗读者》吗？——当然。这是一个很棒的电视节目，它让公众重新养成了阅读的习惯。 考查定语从句从属连词。who谁，先行词是人，在从句中作主语；which哪一个，先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语等；whom谁，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。从句位于名词program后，此句为定语从句，先行词是TV program，非人。故选B。 二、完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 41．The building is our school. The building stands by the lake.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】The building that stands by the lake is our school./The building which stands by the lake is our school. 【详解】句意：那座建筑是我们的学校。那座建筑坐落在湖边。合并为定语从句时，第二句“The building stands by the lake”中的主语The building与第一句主语The building相同，因此将第二句改为定语从句修饰第一句的主语。The building（先行词，指物）后接关系代词that或which，后跟stands by the lake，再将第一句的谓语和表语is our school放在句尾。注意原第一句的主语The building被先行词替代，不再重复。应填The building that stands by the lake is our school./The building which stands by the lake is our school. 42．I am the only student. I can run faster than Peter.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】I am the only student that can run faster than Peter. 【详解】句意：我是唯一一个学生。我能比彼得跑得快。两个简单句合并为定语从句时，先行词为“the only student”，指人，在从句中作主语，因先行词被“the only”修饰，关系代词选用“that”，that在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词是can run。故正确答案为“I am the only student that can run faster than Peter.”。 43．The habits are good for the earth. We develop these habits in daily life. （用that/which/who合并下列句子） ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The habits that we develop in daily life are good for the earth./The habits which we develop in daily life are good for the earth. 【详解】句意：这些习惯有益于地球，我们在日常生活中养成这些习惯。合并为一个句子，改成定语从句，可表达为“我们在日常生活中养成的这些习惯有益于地球”，先行词habits是物，可用关系代词that或which引导。 44．This is a factory. It recycles useless plastic. (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This is a factory that recycles useless plastic./This is a factory which recycles useless plastic. 【详解】句意：这是一家工厂。它回收废旧塑料。原句为两个简单句，前后主语一致（It指代factory）。改为定语从句，其先行词“factory”是物，且在从句中作主语，因此需选用指代物且能作主语的关系代词that或which，完整句子结构为This is a factory that recycles useless plastic./This is a factory which recycles useless plastic. 45．The rules help us save energy. They are made by our school.  (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The rules that are made by our school help us save energy./The rules which are made by our school help us save energy. 【详解】句意：这些规则帮助我们节约能源。它们是由我们学校制定的。合并定语从句时，先行词The rules指物，用that或which指代，在从句中作主语。主句是“The rules help us save energy.”，定语从句“that/which are made by our school”放在主语The rules之后。 46．Please bring back the dictionary. I lent you the dictionary last week.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】Please bring back the dictionary which I lent you last week./Please bring back the dictionary that I lent you last week. 【详解】句意：请把词典还给我。我上周借给你了。主句：Please bring back the dictionary，从句：I lent you the dictionary last week，去掉重复的名词the dictionary，用关系代词指代，连接主从句。先行词是表示事物的名词，关系代词可用that或which，二者在从句中作lent的宾语。 47．It is a Chinese tradition. We have kept it for thousands of years. (用定语从句改写句子) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is a Chinese tradition that we have kept for thousands of years./It is a Chinese tradition which we have kept for thousands of years. 【详解】句意：这是中国的传统。我们保持它几千年了。原句中，第二句的“it”指代第一句的“a Chinese tradition”，因此“tradition”是定语从句修饰的对象（称为先行词），先行词指物，所以用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。故填It is a Chinese tradition that/which we have kept for thousands of years. 48．The dictionary is my Chinese teacher’s. I borrowed it a week ago. (改写为含有定语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】The dictionary I borrowed a week ago is my Chinese teacher’s/The dictionary that I borrowed a week ago is my Chinese teacher’s/The dictionary which I borrowed a week ago is my Chinese teacher’s. 【详解】句意：字典是我的语文老师的。我一周前借的它。分析句子可知第二个句子可以作定语从句，先行词为dictionary，为“物”，所以关系词为that/which，在从句中作宾语，可以省略，即“一周前我借的字典是我的语文老师的”，故填The dictionary (that) I borrowed a week ago is my Chinese teacher’s/The dictionary which I borrowed a week ago is my Chinese teacher’s. 49．The houses were expensive. They were sold last week. (改写为含有定语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】The houses which were sold last week were expensive/The houses that were sold last week were expensive. 【详解】句意：房子是昂贵的。它们上周被卖掉了。考查简单句和主从复合句的转换。分析句子可知第二个句子可以作定语从句，先行词为houses，为“物”，关系词应用which/that，在从句中作主语，即“上周被卖的房子是昂贵的”，故填The houses which/that were sold last week were expensive. 50．The man will give us a talk. He studies environmental protection. (用that/which/who合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The man who studies environmental protection will give us a talk./The man that studies environmental protection will give us a talk. 【详解】句意：这个人会给我们做演讲。他研究环境保护。合并后的句子是定语从句，主句是The man will give us a talk，先行词是The man，指人，且在从句中作主语，关系词用who/that，故从句部分为who/that studies environmental protection，置于先行词之后。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $