Unit4 Space Exploration Words and Expressions 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语课件围绕“太空探索”主题，系统讲解determined、launch、desire等核心词汇及carry on等短语，通过主题词汇导入，结合词性、派生词、短语及例句构建知识树，形成从基础理解到语境应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于运用“launch语义网络图”梳理多义联系，结合语境猜词和语法填空练习，提升语言能力，通过知识树构建培养思维品质。实例如determine的派生词转换、desire的虚拟语气练习，帮助学生高效掌握词汇，教师可依托系统资源优化教学流程。

SPACE EXPLORATION 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. master the usage of such important words and expressions as determined, succeed, launch, desire, carry on, etc; learn to express yourself by using them. 2. learn the method of constructing knowledge trees through self-study &cooperative exploration. 3. enjoy the fun of expressing yourself using English and participate in class with passion. 2 procedure [prəˈsiːʤə] n. 程序；步骤 proceed with 开展... proceed to do 继续做... the procedure for[ doing] sth. 某事的程序/步骤/手续 proceed v. 运行，运作 process v. & n. 过程 processor n. 处理器 procedural adj.手续上的，程序上的 Do you know anything about the selection procedure for astronauts? 3 mental adj.精神的；思想的 mentally adv. 精神上地；智力上地 physical adj. 身体的，肉体的；物质的 physical and mental health身心健康 mental development 智力发展 mental health/problems 心理健康/心理问题 There is no doubt that taking exercise is good for mental development. metal n.金属 medal [ˈmedl] n. 奖章；勋章 4 intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n. 智力；才智；智慧 intelligence quotient ['kwoʊʃnt] 智商(IQ) a person of high/low intelligence 智力高/ 低的人 artificial intelligence 人工智能(AI) 单句语法填空 （1）When robots become extremely __________（intelligence）one day， what will happen to our earth? （2） The first part of the robot’s name，the letters AI，are short for artificial ________________（intelligent）. intelligent intelligence 同义词: clever: adj. 聪明的; 灵巧的; bright: adj. 聪明的; 明亮的 wise: adj. 明智的; 英明的 smart: adj. 聪明的; 精明的 ... you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. 5 determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ vt. 查明; 确定; 决定 决定做某事：v. ___________________________________________ adj._______________________ determined determination _____________n. 决心,果断，坚定 ___________adj. 有决心的, 意志坚定的 determine to do =determine on/upon doing sth（动作）　　 be determined to do sth. （状态） with determination 坚决地 However, scientists were determined to realise that dream. = decide to do sth. / make up one’s mind to do sth. She refused his offer with determination, determined not to let anyone determine her fate. 坚定的眼神 a determined look 6 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. She’s sure to get the job she wants — she’s a very ___________ (determine) person. 2. Jane was determined not ___________ (go) against her father’s wishes and accept his advice. 3. He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a ___________ (determine) to achieve. 4. Black holes can not be seen directly, so ___________ (determine) the number of them is very difficult. 5.________________to get to the destination, the athlete showed amazing willpower. determined to go determination determining Determined 7 universe 宇宙 rocket/spacecraft astronaut/spaceman satellite 人造卫星 orbit 轨道 solar system 太阳系 globe 地球 8 launch 语义网络图 “投掷”船或火箭 使（船）下水；发射 把……投放市场 发射 v 把产品“投掷”到市场 “投掷”活动等 发动；创办 n 发起 投掷 launch （基本义） （新产品的）投放市场；（新书的）发行 9 launch 语境猜单词 1)The Russia will launch a communication satellite tomorrow morning. _____________ (2) (2017年高考英语天津卷) This is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched. _____________ 发射 上市，发行 10 launch 1）v. 发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天；使（船、尤指新船）下水 launch a satellite 发射卫星 2）v. 开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动） 该组织发起了筹集15万美元的活动。 The organization has launched a campaign to raise $ 150,000. 3）v.（首次）上市，发行；发布新产品 昨天发布的新一代智能手机获得了大量媒体关注。 The new generation of smartphones launched yesterday received much media coverage. 4）n.（航天器的）发射，（船的）下水，（产品的）上市 今天早上航天飞机的发射被推迟了。 This morning’s launch of the space shuttle has been delayed. coverage n.覆盖范围；新闻报道 On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite （“旅伴一号”(苏联发射的人类第一颗人造卫星)）was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. 11 orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/ n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道; 势力范围 vt.＆vi.沿轨道运行;环绕…运行 The satellite orbits around Earth. giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人 1. That's a small step for a man, but a giant leap for mankind.-- Neil Armstrong ___________ 2. The company I worked for is a multinational giant. _________________ 3. Needless to say, he is a giant who has made great contributions to our nation. _______ adj. 巨大的 n.大公司；强大的组织 n. 伟人 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗（Neil Armstrong）1969年7月20日踏上月球时所说的，堪称人类航天史上最著名的一句话。 12 leap v. ________________ /liːp/ n._______________ 跳跃；剧增; 剧变 跳过；跃过 (1) This would be a huge leap forward. (2) He leaped/leapt to his feet and rushed out of the living room. (3) He leaped with joy at the good news. jump/leap with joy高兴地跳起来 leap to one’s feet 跳起来，一跃而起 13 transmit vt&vi. 传输，发送 (1)transmitter n. 发射台；传播者 (2)transmission n. 传播；发射 (3)transmit sth. (from)...to 把某物(从……)传到…… The message they are________________(transimit) their  daughters is very different from that of previous generations.  The ceremony was___________(transimit)  live by satellite  to over fifty countries.  transmitting to  transmitted 14 on board 在飞机,船上 board the ship/plane 登船/登机 go on board 登上船/飞机/火车 board n. 板；董事会 v. 登上船（车、飞机等） aboard adv.& prep. 在船（车、飞机等）上 broad adj.宽阔的；广泛的；粗略的 abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 go/study abroad 15 Bob ... What happens？ I feel disappointed. What disappoints you？ I am disappointed with the disappointing result that I did not pass the exam yesterday. disappointed How did the man feel? 16 disappointment 【词汇变形】_____________ v. 使失望 _____________ adj. 感到失望的 _____________ adj. 令人失望的 disappoint disappointed disappointing Judging from her _____________ look，her boss was ____________ with her ________________ performance. So to her _________________，she didn't get promoted.(disappoint) disappointed disappointed disappointing disappointment to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 to one’s + 情感类抽象名词 surprise(惊讶) relief(宽慰) in disappointment 失望地 be disappointed at sth 对某事感到失望 17 →_________ vt. 使...失望 →____________ adj. 令人失望的 →______________ n.失望 disappoint disappointing disappointment 1. They were disappointed ____ the result of the game. 2. He was disappointed _______(see) that she wasn't at the party. 3. The ____________ news that he failed the exam made us very ___________. 4. To my ______________, they refused my request. at to see disappointing disappointed disappointment disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj.失望的；沮丧的 18 desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)] n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 希望得到；想要 desire to do sth =have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sth=have a desire for sth 渴望某物 desire sb to do…=desire that sb (should) do..渴望/希望某人做 desirable adj.令人向往的,渴望的 19 However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. All of us have a strong desire for knowledge, and also we desire to make great progress. desire 后跟宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气，即should + V原 同类动词： 一坚持 (insist) ; 二命令 (order, command); 四建议 (suggest, propose, advise, recommend）; 五要求（demand, desire, request, require, urge） desire /dɪˈzaɪə(r)/ n. 渴望; 欲望 vt. 渴望; 期望 20 contribute desire 单句语法填空 1. (2021·浙江卷6月) I had a desire _______ (buy) what I liked with the money I had made, but my parents desired that I ______________ (contribute) the money to my family's household. to buy (should) contribute 2. My sister has a strong desire __________ knowledge. 3. He always desires 　　　　（earn）more money. 4. They had a desire that I______________ (attend) their wedding. 5. I 　　　　 　　　cause any trouble（不想惹任何麻烦），so I keep away from Jackson. for to earn （should）attend have no desire to 21 household n.家庭，一家人；家务 adj.家用的，家务的；全家人的 1.We must carry on hoping for the best. 2.They failed to carry out their objectives. 3.His courage will carry him through. 4.The rubbish must be carried away. 5.The beautiful scenery carried me back to my hometown. 继续做；坚持干 执行 使某人渡过难关 带走，冲走 带回，使回想起 carry on 继续做，坚持干 carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关 22 objective n.目的，目标adj.客观的，不带个人情感的 ①It' s often easier to make plans than it is to carry them ______. ②Let' s stop here. We' Il carry_____ the conversation tomorrow. ③Carry the baby________.It' s dangerous here. ④Rising costs made it hard to carry________the business. ⑤They decided to carry_____________the bad weather. out on away on through carry on 继续做，坚持干 This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration... 23 independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj. 独立的; 自立的 independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地; 自立地 depend vi.依赖；依靠 dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的 independent adj. 独立的; 自立的 dependence n.依赖；依靠 independence n.独立，自主 independentlyadv. 独立地; 自立地 dependently adv.依赖地 depend on/upon... (=lean on =rely on) 依赖/取决于…… be independent of 不依赖……；独立于……之外 get/gain independence from 从...（取得）独立 It/That all depends. 看情况/视情况而定。 24 1. The country gained full independence _________ Britain in 1960, when people couldn't hide their excitement. 2. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be ____________. 3. When the delayed flight will take off depends much ____ the weather. from independent on depend vi.依赖；依靠 dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的 independent adj. 独立的; 自立的 dependence n.依赖；依靠 independence n.独立，自主 independentlyadv. 独立地; 自立地 dependently adv.依赖地 signal ['sɪɡnəl]: n. 信号; 标志 v. 标志着;标明;发信号 signal → signalled (过去式)→ signalled (过去分词)→ signalling (现在分词) signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号 traffic signals 交通信号 send a signal 发出信号 a signal for 为(某事)而发信号 26 【单句语法填空】 1. The police seems to be 　　　　（signal）to us with his arm. 2. In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards ________（ signal）that someone was moving about upstairs. 3. The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from interference from radio _________（signal）from Earth. 4. In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was _____signal for everyone to stand up. 5. The judge signalled ____a police officer and the man was led away. signalling to signal signals a to 27 symbol 指符号、象征、标志等, 常表示某种有深邃寓意的事物 signal 指为某一目的而有意识地发出的信号 sign 表示“记号、符号”时, 同symbol; 表示“告示, 标志”时, 侧重指用图形、文字等所表达的内容; 另外还可指“征兆, 迹象” mark 普通用词, 含义广泛, 既可指为便于辨认而有意识地所做的标记, 又可指自然而然形成的标志或有别于其他事物的特征, 也可用于指“分数, 成绩” 28 There is no sign of rain. She made a signal with her arm for a left turn. Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history. Those marks above the window look like damp to me.  The dove is a universal symbol of peace.  symbol; signal; sign; mark 29 Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. in (the) hope of doing sth 抱着…的希望 =in the hope that +句子 抱着…的希望 1)He studies hard in the hope of attending a key university. 2)We got up very early in the hope that we could catch the first train. attend university上大学 30 so as to (do sth): 为了;以便 (一般不放在句首) so as not to do ...: 为了不做什么 in order (not) to do...: 为了(不)做什么 1) In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use. 2)You must set out at once in order not (so as not) to miss the first bus. 3) Many people have to wear glasses in order to/so as to see distant objects clearly. = In order to see distant objects clearly, many people have to wear glasses. 31 beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.在更远处；超出 be beyond sb 超出某人的理解能力 The whole problem was quite beyond him. 整个问题他完全搞不懂。 beyond the reach of sb = beyond one's reach 够不着;力所不及 beyond description 难以形容 32 beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.在更远处；超出 beyond recognition 认不出来 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond repair/control/imagination 无法修理/控制/想象 33 beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.在更远处；超出 根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. The bicycle is _______________ （无法修理）. 2. We must _______________ （眼光放远）for signs of change. 3. The situation was ______________________ （超出她的控制）. 4. How people design computer games ____________ （我无法理解）. 5. He spent $500 on a bicycle — it’s ___________________（无法相信）! 6. From the top of the hill we could see our house and _________________ （远处的树林）. 7. Working out in the morning provides additional benefits _____________ ____________ （除了身体健康）. beyond belief beyond being physically fit beyond repair look beyond beyond her control the woods beyond is beyond me 34 current ['kʌrənt] adj. 当前的 n. 水流；电流；思潮 电流 an electrical current 气流 air currents 洋流 ocean currents 35 current ['kʌrənt] adj. 当前的 n. 水流；电流；思潮 go with/ against the current of the times 顺应/违背时代潮流 currently adv. 现时；当前 currency n. 通货；货币手段；支付手段 (1) Up to now, our government has worked out the budget for the current year. (2) He swam to the shore against strong current. (3) This dictionary has cut out some words that are no longer current. 现在的 =nowadays=present popular=fashionable 流行的 江河的水流 36 current ['kʌrənt] adj. 当前的 n. 水流；电流；思潮 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. He swam to the shore against a strong current. ___________ 2. I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face. ___________ 3. I started my current job in 1994. ___________ 4. The other meaning of the word is still current. ___________ 5. He must sell the house for the current market value. ___________ 通用的 气流 现在的 水流 目前的 / 当前的 37 They figured it was better to stay where they were. _______ Can you read this figure? Is it a three or an eight? _______ He was one of the great figures of his age. _______ I’m dieting to keep my figure. ________ vt. 认为 n. 数字 n. 人物 n. 身材 常见的带有“out”的动词短语： break out 爆发 bring out 使显出;出版 give out 分发;用完 come out 出版;结果是 make out 理解;弄清楚 watch out 当心;留神 turn out 生产;结果是 work out 锻炼;解决 try out 试验;测试 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算（数量或成本） figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算（数量或成本） 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment. ___________ 2. Allen needs to sit down and figure out how many people are coming. ___________ 3. We appreciate your apologies, but we hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter.（2014 辽宁）. ___________ 弄清楚； 弄明白 计算出 找出 39 sufficient [səˈfɪʃnt] adj. 足够的；充足的 be sufficient for 对……来说是足够的 be sufficient/enough to do sth. 足够做某事 self-sufficient adj.自给自足的, 自立的 反: insufficient adj. 不充分的，不足的 sufficiency n. 足够；充分 sufficiently adv. 足够地；充分地 40 keen [kiːn] adj.热衷的;渴望的，强烈的，敏锐的 be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事 be keen on（doing）sth. 热衷于 take /have a keen interest in 对……有兴趣 a keen eye for sth. 对某事物有敏锐的眼光 have a keen eye for talent 慧眼识才 keenly adv. 强烈地；（观察）敏锐地 keenness n. 渴望；热衷 渴望某事 be hungry for--- be eager for be dying for sth. desire sth hunger for long for 41 ①He has always been very keen ____ doing physical exercises.  ②There is an increasing trend that today’s parents are keen _______(send) their children to the best schools.  ③Middle school is a crucial period when students may ___________________ advanced mathematics.  中学是学生可能对高等数学产生浓厚兴趣的关键时期。 on to send take a keen interest in argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] vt.&vi.论证;争辩;争论 argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人 争论某事 argue for 为支持……而争辩 argue against 为反对……而争辩；不赞成 have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/ 争吵 have an argument about/over sth. 为某事争论/ 争吵 argument n. 争论；辩论 arguable adj. 可论证的 43 argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] vt.&vi.论证;争辩;争论 1. They have argued __________ each other for years __________ the best way to grow potatoes. 2. I got into a heated ___________ (argue) with a friend. 3. When you present reasons why you believe in something, you argue ________ it. 4. The main argument ___________ smoking is that it’s bad for your health. with about / over for argument against 44 导致；造成（+结果) result in(=lead to= bring about) result from 由…造成；因…而产生(+原因） as a result 所以；结果（是）（so） as a result of 由于…的结果（because of） 1. As is known to us all, failure usually _________________laziness while diligence can____________ success. 2. (2013·山东高考)As __ result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study. 因此, 我别无选择只好完全专心于学习。 result from result in a 45 limited adj. 有限的 be limited to… 受限于…… My knowledge of the subject is limited to what I’ve read in books. 我对这门学科的知识仅限于我在书中读到的。 limit v.限制；限定 n. 限制 limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的 limitation n.限制；控制 46 limited adj. 有限的 There is a limit to …… ……是有限度的 There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear. limited company 有限公司 a time/speed limit 时间/速度限制 47 limited adj. 有限的 A person's life is____________ but serving the people is _____________ . I want to devote my limited life to serving the people__________________ . limited limitless limitlessly 介词填空 ①We set a limit _____ the expense of the trip. ②Keep ______ the limits of the school campus. ③Any driver found drinking ______ the limit will be charged. to beyond within 48 provide for sb. 提供生活所需 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物 He provides emotional value for us. = He provides us with emotional value. ◎ _______ sth. to sb. = ________ sb. with sth. ◎ _______ sth. to sb. = ________ sb. sth. supply supply offer offer 49 attach [ə'tætʃ] vt.系；绑；贴 attach...to... 把…附在…上, 属于 I attached a photo to my application form. be attached to 附属于, 喜欢 attach importance to（doing）sth ... 重视… attached adj.附加的;依恋的,爱慕的 attachment n.附件；附属品 1. Attach this rope _____ the front of the jeep. 2. Don’t forget to attach a recent photo ___ your application form. 3. The hospital/school ____________(附属于) that university. 4. We attach great ___________(important) to this research. to to is attached to importance 50 1.____________n.程序；步骤→_________n.过程 v.加工 2._________ adj.精神的；思想的→_________ adv. 精神上；智力上 _________ adj.身体的；物理的→_________ adv. 身体上 身心健康 mental and physical health 3. _________ adj.聪明的;有智力的;智能的→___________ n. 智力；聪明；智能 artificial intelligence 人工智能 /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ IQ 智商 4. __________n.宇宙→____________ adj.普遍的;全世界的 5. _____________ vt.确定；决定→____________ adj.下定决心的，坚定的 →______________ n.决心；决定 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 ; determine to do sth. 决定做某事 procedure process mental mentally physical physically intelligent intelligence universe universal determine determined determination 51 6._____________n.发射;发起;上市 7.____________n.专门机构；代理处→_________n.代理人，代理商；经纪人 a travel agency: 旅行社 8.____________v.传输；发送→____________ n. 传送；传输 9.____________n. 数据 database n.数据库 区分：date n. 日期；约会 /deɪt/ 10.____________adj.失望的→________________ adj.令人失望的 →____________ v. 使失望 →________________ n.失望 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是， 11._________n.v. 渴望；欲望 have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得/做某事 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 12.________________ 继续做 =continue doing sth. /kənˈtɪnjuː/ carry out 执行 launch agency agent transmission transmit data disappointed disappointing disappoint disappointment desire carry on doing 52 13.____________adj.独立的；自立的→_______________adv.独立地 → ____________adj.依赖的；→_______________adv.依赖地 →_____________ n.独立；自主 →_________________ n.依赖；依靠 → ____________v.依赖；依靠 depend on 取决于；依赖 14.____________v. 标志着 ；示意 n.信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯 区分 sign /saɪn/ n. 指示牌；符号；迹象; 手势 v. 签名 /ˌriːˈsaɪkləbl/ 15. ________vt .回收利用→ _________n.回收利用→ __________ adj.可回收的 16.________ n.缺乏；短缺 v.没有；缺乏→_________ adj. 不足的；缺少的 缺乏... : v: lack sth. n: a lack of adj: be lacking in independent independently dependent dependently independence dependence depend signal recycle recycling recyclable lack lacking 53 17.__________ prep. 超出 beyond one’s reach 够不着；超出能力范围 beyond one’s contol/ imagination 无法控制/想象 18.__________ adj.当前的；现在的 ; 流行的 n.水流；电流；流行 →__________ adv.目前；当前→__________n.货币 19.__________ n.身材；数字；人物 v. 认为； figure out 弄明白 keep one's figure 保持身材 20.__________adj.足够的；充足的→__________ n.充足 21.________adj. 渴望的 be keen on sth. / be keen to do sth. 热衷于/喜欢某事 beyond current currently figure sufficient sufficiency keen currency 54 22.__________ n.设施[c] 复数：facilities equipment [u]n.设备 23._________n.地球；地球仪→________adj. 全球的 global warming 全球变暖 24._________v. 争辩；争论→____________ n.争辩 argue with sb about sth. 就某事与某人争论 25._________adj.致命的 →________ n.命运 同义： deadly adj.致命的 26.导致：_________=lead to(doing) =contribute to (doing)=bring about 由于：result from+原因 = as a result of +原因 as a result，结果 facility globe global argue argument fatal result in fate 55 27.__________ n.分析 复数：analyses→ ____________ v.分析/ˈænəlaɪz/ 28.__________ n.监视器； 班长 v.监视；监测 29.__________adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→____________adv.经常；定期地 →_________ adj .不规律的 a regular customer 常客 30._________n.资源;资料 natural resources 自然资源 区：source n.来源 31._________adj.有限的→________ adj.无限的，无尽的 →_________v.限制；n.限制→__________ n. 限制 a limited company 股份有限公司 be limited to 受限于 limit... to... 把...限制在...范围 there is a/no limit to (doing)... ...是有/无限的 analysis analyse monitor regular regularly limited limitless limit limitation irregular resource 56 32._________n.神秘→___________ adj.神秘的 33.________vt.系；绑；贴; 附上→________ adj.喜爱的；附属的 →___________ n.附属物；附件；爱慕 v: attach great importance/significance to...重视; 认为…重要 adj: be attached to 喜爱；附属于 34. sth run out (无被动） / sb run out of sth 某人用完某物 run-ran-run 35._________n. 氧气 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 /ˌkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ mystery mysterious attach attached attachment oxygen 57 Practice 58 1) A dog’s eating habit requires __________________ (regulate) training before it is properly established. 2) Strong __________________ (attach) to sufferings in life pulls people into victims. 3) We’ve grown very ______________________ (attach) to this house. 4)The films made outside the States sometimes are not ________________ (monitor) as closely as productions filmed in the States. 5) If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will grow up _____________________ (lack) self-confidence. regular attachment attached monitored lacking 59 59 6)A decision was finally made after some heated ______________________ (argue). 9) The hospital has a new system to help ________________________ the best service ___________ (提供) the patients. 10) After decades of effort, the city is still trying to ________________________ (弄清) how to stop smoking in public places. 11) Cramming（突击学习） for an examination may _______________ (导致) a passing grade, but it’s not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. provide for figure out result in arguments result in 导致 result from 由……造成 provide (sth) for sb 为某人提供某物 = provide sb. with sth. 60 60 THANK YOU! 61 $